Numerical Modelling of Air Temperature and Velocity in a Forced and Free Ventilation Piggery

2001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Mossad
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Control ◽  
Outer Wall ◽  
Climatic Variation ◽  
Forced Ventilation ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Air Inlet ◽  
Environment Control ◽  
Air Speed ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
Volume Method

Abstract Pigs are subjected to intensive environment control and management for higher productivity due to their sensitivity to climatic variation, which affects their growth. The aim of the current work is to numerically model the air speed and temperature in forced and free ventilation piggeries to achieve optimum environmental control. A steady two-dimensional numerical model including the effect of buoyancy, turbulence and heat generated by the pigs was solved using the computational fluid dynamics software Fluent, which is based on the integral volume method. In the forced ventilation case, air speed and temperature inside the piggery and at the pigs’ level were predicted for three different locations of ventilation opening, variable air inlet velocities (in the range 0.3 m/s – 7 m/s), and insulated or non insulated external walls, for ambient temperatures of 5 °C and 32 °C. In the free ventilation case, temperature and air speed at the pig’s level were predicted for a particular wind speed and direction, and some variations in the design. These variations were adding louvers in the air opening, lowering the outer wall of the piggery and changing the type of pen fence used. These results helped to identify problems in the design and offer suggestions for improvements.

Optimization of the Ventilation System for a Forced Ventilation Piggery

2009 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 113-133
Author(s):  
R. R Mossad
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Thermal Comfort ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Ventilation Rate ◽  
Forced Ventilation ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Environment Control ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
Comfort Criteria

Pigs are subjected to intensive environment control and management in order to achieve higher productivity. This is due to their sensitivity to climatic variation, which strongly affects their growth. This paper reports the design optimization of a forced ventilation piggery using computational fluid dynamics. This numerical investigation determined the effect of varying the number of ventilation openings and their location on the air flow pattern, speed, temperature, power needed, ability to remove heat and residence time. The effect of varying the ventilation rate in a range (0.05 – 0.8 m3/s), and ambient temperatures of 5°C and 32°C was also investigated. The modeled piggery has dimensions 40 m × 15 m × 2.6 m, with central walkway and gable roof with the apex at 3.9 m and is a common design in Australia. A steady-state two-dimensional numerical model based on the integral volume method, including the effects of buoyancy and heat generated by the pigs, was solved using the computational fluid dynamics software “Fluent.” Four designs were investigated and an optimum design, which facilitates better ventilation of the majority of the room, has been identified. In summer, an inlet velocity has been recommended which achieves optimum environment inside the piggery meeting the pigs' thermal comfort criteria with minimum power usage. During winter it became obvious that heating has to be used in all designs to be able to meet the pigs' thermal comfort criteria.

Simulation and Comparative Analysis on Environmental Control in Subway

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 1068-1072
Author(s):  
Ming Liu ◽  
Bao Gang Zhang ◽  
Liu Wen ◽  
Zhong Zhi Huang
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Field ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
Airflow Velocity ◽  
Waiting Room ◽  
Local Climate ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Environment Control

To ensure passengers can have a comfortable thermal environment in the subway waiting room is one of the main targets in subway environment control. By using the CFD software, this paper takes an island platform with double-layer of Shenyang as the object to simulate the thermal environment of platform screen door and ventilation in the open system, then detailed analysis on the variation of the temperature field, airflow velocity field in the typical position. The results indicated that average temperature of no-PSD system platform is 2.5 ~3 °C higher than that of PSD system, standing room is 1.5 °C higher than that of PSD system , but these also meet the requirement of the standards of the environmental control and passengers’ thermal comfort. Meanwhile, through the comparative analysis to the energy consumption of the two systems, we find ventilating condition has superior to PSD system in energy saving, and it is more suitable for the local climate in the northeast.

scholarly journals PERANAN PENGUASAAN LINGKUNGAN TERHADAP MOTIVASI MIGRASI PADA PENDUDUK YANG TINGGAL DI PEMUKIMAN KUMUH

Jurnal Ecopsy ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Besty Ronna Istiqomah ◽  
Hemy Heryati Anward ◽  
Neka Erlyani
Keyword(s):  
Random Sampling ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
Control Motivation ◽  
Environment Control ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

ABSTRAK Tempat tinggal berpengaruh pada kesejahteraan psikologik dan salah satu dimensi di dalamnya yaitu penguasaan lingkungan. Bagi mereka yang tidak dapat menguasai lingkungan kemungkinan hal ini turut berperan dengan motivasi mereka untuk pindah dari tempat tinggal hal inilah yang disebut sebagai motivasi migrasi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana peranan penguasaan lingkungan terhadap motivasi migrasi pada penduduk yang tinggal di daerah kumuh Cempaka Raya di Banjarmasin. Hipotesis dalam penelitian ini yaitu ada peranan penguasaan lingkungan terhadap motivasi migrasi pada penduduk yang tinggal di pemukiman kumuh Cempaka Raya Banjarmasin. Subjek dalam penelitian ini adalah 60 orang penduduk di Cempaka Raya Banjarmasin RT 42. Pemilihan subjek yaitu dengan menggunakan teknik cluster random sampling. Metode pengumpulan data pada penelitian ini menggunakan skala penguasaan lingkungan dan skala motivasi migrasi. Metode analisis data yang digunakan yaitu regresi linear sederhana. Berdasarkan hasil diperoleh nilai t hitung > t tabel (13,273>1,672) yaitu terdapat peranan penguasaan lingkungan terhadap motivasi migrasi, dengan nilai t sebesar 13,273, artinya terdapat peranan positif antara penguasaan lingkungan dengan motivasi migrasi, semakin tinggi peguasaan lingkungan maka semakin tinggi pula motivasi migrasi, dan sebaliknya. Peranan  penguasaan lingkungan terhadap motivasi migrasi adalah sebesar 75,2 %, sedangkan 24,8 % merupakan faktor-faktor lain yang tidak dimasukkan dalam penelitian ini.   Kata Kunci: Penguasaan Lingkungan, Motivasi Migrasi, Pemukiman Kumuh ABSTRACT Residence affects psychological well-being, and one of the dimensions in it is environment control. For those who cannot control the environment, the condition will most likely contribute to their motivation to move from their place to somewhere else, which is called motivation for migration. The objective of this study was to find out the role of the environmental control towards the motivation for migration in residents living in the slum of Cempaka Raya in Banjarmasin. The hypothesis of this study was that there was a role of environmental control towards motivation for migration in the population living in the slum of Cempaka Raya Banjarmasin. Subjects in this study were 60 residents in Cempaka Raya Banjarmasin RT 42. The subjects were selected using cluster random sampling technique. Data were collected using the scale of environmental control and the scale of motivation for migration. The data were then analyzed using simple linear regression. The results showed the value of t count > t table (13.273 > 1.672), indicating that there was a role of environmental control towards the motivation for migration, with the value of t 13.273, which meant there was a positive role of environmental control towards motivation for migration. The higher the environmental control, the higher the migration motivation, and vice versa. The role of the environmental control towards the motivation for migration was 75.2% while 24.8% was from other factors not included in this study. Keywords: Environmental Control, Motivation for Migration, Slum

scholarly journals Methods for Monitoring Large Terrestrial Animals in the Wild

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 808
Author(s):  
Alexander Prosekov ◽  
Alexander Kuznetsov ◽  
Artem Rada ◽  
Svetlana Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Control ◽  
Initial Conditions ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Wildlife Ecology ◽  
Joint Application ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
In The Wild ◽  
Specialized Equipment ◽  
Control And Management

Reliable information about wildlife is absolutely important for making informed management decisions. The issues with the effectiveness of the control and monitoring of both large and small wild animals are relevant to assess and protect the world’s biodiversity. Monitoring becomes part of the methods in wildlife ecology for observation, assessment, and forecasting of the human environment. World practice reveals the potential of the joint application of both proven traditional and modern technologies using specialized equipment to organize environmental control and management processes. Monitoring large terrestrial animals require an individual approach due to their low density and larger habitat. Elk/moose are such animals. This work aims to evaluate the methods for monitoring large wild animals, suitable for controlling the number of elk/moose in the framework of nature conservation activities. Using different models allows determining the population size without affecting the animals and without significant financial costs. Although, the accuracy of each model is determined by its postulates implementation and initial conditions that need statistical data. Depending on the geographical, climatic, and economic conditions in each territory, it is possible to use different tools and equipment (e.g., cameras, GPS sensors, and unmanned aerial vehicles), a flexible variation of which will allow reaching the golden mean between the desires and capabilities of researchers.

Research and Application of Micro-Environmental Control Technology in Animal Breeding Industry

2010 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 260-264
Author(s):  
Jin Sheng Liang ◽  
Dong Mei Zhang ◽  
Yan Ding ◽  
Jun Ping Meng
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Animal Breeding ◽  
Feed Additives ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Environment Control ◽  
Control Devices ◽  
Healthy Growth

Influence of micro-environmental factors in animal breeding room on healthy growth of animal was discussed, such as harmful chemical gas, drinking water, microorganism, temperature, humidity and noise. Main products and technologies used in improving animal breeding micro-environment were summarized from four aspects including deodorization, activating drinking water, adding feed additives, using temperature and humidity control devices. At last, the development trends of micro-environment control were proposed in large-scale animal breeding.

scholarly journals A cloud-based cognitive computing solution with interoperable applications to counteract illegal dumping in smart cities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mauro Coccoli ◽  
Vincenzo De Francesco ◽  
Antonio Fusco ◽  
Paolo Maresca
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Visual Recognition ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Traffic Monitoring ◽  
Cognitive Computing ◽  
Development Environment ◽  
Illegal Dumping ◽  
Alerting System ◽  
Environment Control ◽  
Control And Management

AbstractThe study presented in this paper is the outcome of the activity carried on within the program “Party Cloud Challenge per Genova”, promoted by IBM in collaboration with the city municipality of Genoa, Italy. This challenge aimed to show how using cognitive computing solutions in an integrated cloud-based development environment enables the rapid deployment of advanced services with interoperable applications. Specifically, we investigated a solution to cope with the problem of illegal dumping prevention in a smart city. In this respect, we will describe the study of the prototype of an automated visual recognition and alerting system. The presented solution relies on the use of cognitive computing technologies to analyze videos provided by cameras installed in urban areas, to identify trash, especially bulky waste, where it should not be, and trigger an alarm to the municipality. In particular, we want to take advantage of the pictures, frames and videos continuously recorded by cameras installed for traffic monitoring, for surveillance, etc. in smart cities where the waste management system is supposed to be integrated with other municipality services for environment control and management. Besides, an organization plan is also proposed for intelligent waste collection as well as some organizational ideas for scalability.

Methods and devices of environmental control. Environmental monitoring

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larisa Pustovaya ◽  
Besik Meshi
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Bachelor's Degree ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Legislative Framework ◽  
State Educational ◽  
Control And Management

The textbook is designed to meet the need for a highly specialized set of professional knowledge necessary for the training of highly qualified personnel of environmental specialties. The presented material allows us to get an idea of the organization and effective implementation of environmental monitoring, the organization of industrial environmental control and management, the analysis of characteristics and changes of objects of economic activity using the necessary methods and means of such research. The basic principles of sampling and sample preparation, modern methods and means of environmental monitoring, the basics of metrological and laboratory-analytical support for environmental control are described. The training material is accompanied by up-to-date references to the current legislative framework of the Russian Federation. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation and the current bachelor's degree program in the areas of training "Technosphere Safety", "Biotechnical systems and Technologies". It can be useful and interesting for students, undergraduates, postgraduates, as well as teachers specializing in environmental safety.

Piggery Environmental Control System Based on Wireless Sensor Networks with Energy Optimization

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 865-868
Author(s):  
Wei Xing Zhu ◽  
Xiu Yi Mei ◽  
Yao Lu ◽  
Jian Fei Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Control System ◽  
Sensor Networks ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Energy Optimization ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Control Center ◽  
Environment Control ◽  
Two Phases

According to the characteristics of piggery, such as complex environment, numerous control objects, complex wiring, a piggery environment control system based on wireless sensor networks was designed. This system consisted of the wireless network composed of various devices and sensors in piggery, the control center with ARM-LINUX and the remote control center. The energy of sensor nodes was offered by batteries in wireless sensor networks so that the power source was limited. In order to strengthen the node energy management, the LEACH algorithm was combined with AODV routing protocol, and a new optimization algorithm called LEACH-A was proposed in this paper. The wireless sensor networks execution process was divided into two phases, including cluster building and data transmission. In the two phases, the node residual energy was calculated by a weighted function and the cluster head role was changed by the size of remaining energy. NS-2 simulation results show that the proposed algorithm prolonged the lifetime of the nodes and the networks, and realized the energy optimization management.

scholarly journals Simplified two-step, cross-sectional approach for coupled heat and moisture transfer modeling of shallow, horizontal, ground-based heat Exchangers

2020 ◽  
Vol 205 ◽  
pp. 07004
Author(s):  
Hyunjun Oh ◽  
James M. Tinjum
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Moisture Transfer ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Meteorological Data ◽  
Fluid Temperature ◽  
Heat And Moisture Transfer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
Coupled Heat And Moisture ◽  
Heat And Moisture

This study evaluates a two-step, cross-sectional approach for designing shallow, unsaturated, horizontal, ground-based heat exchangers (GHXs). Numerical modeling was conducted for coupled heat and moisture transfer around GHXs under transient climatological conditions through a cooling season. Soil samples were collected in Texas and Wisconsin to measure thermal conductivity dry-out curves and soil-water characteristic curves for use in the modeling. Average daily meteorological data from central Texas was applied for the top boundary condition. Heat generation from the GHX was calculated by total condenser heat rejection from an environmental control unit based on ambient temperatures and unit specifications. In the first step of the modeling, results showed that the fluid temperature through the GHX loop was approximately 43 ºC, and rapid heat and moisture fluxes were observed around the GHX loops. High moisture flux along the upper surface was also observed due to high ambient temperatures that occur during the summer season. Using these results, exiting temperature of the GHX was estimated for the second cross-sectional modeling step. This two-step, cross-sectional modeling approach provides a systematic analysis of coupled heat and moisture transfer around shallow, horizontal, unsaturated GHX loops, thus simplifying high computational effort needed for full three-dimensional modeling of shallow GHX systems.

scholarly journals Greenhouse Requirements for Soilless Crop Production: Challenges and Prospects for Plant Factories

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliyu Idris Muhammad ◽  
Abubakar Shitu ◽  
Umar Abdulbaki Danhassan ◽  
Muhammad Hilal Kabir ◽  
Musa Abubakar Tadda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Production ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Environmental Control ◽  
Production Cycle ◽  
Efficient Production ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
Safe Food ◽  
Control And Management ◽  
Greenhouse Environmental Control

This chapter discussed the greenhouse requirement for soilless crop production. It further introduced soilless crop production and elucidated the equipment required for an efficient production system covering greenhouse environmental control and management of temperature, humidity, lighting, and nutrients using innovative strategies. Also, the energy required for the control of the greenhouse environmental conditions during the crop production cycle was explained. Identification and management of pests and diseases using wireless network sensors and the Internet of Things for efficient and safe food production were also highlighted. Finally, the challenges facing greenhouse crop production itemized, and the prospects of greenhouse technology for sustainable healthy food production were proposed.

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