High Voltage Energy Harvesting From Embedded PVDF Harvester Inspired From Metamaterial Design

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadsadegh Saadatzi ◽  
Mohammad Nasser Saadatzi ◽  
Sourav Banerjee
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Structural Design ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Phononic Crystal ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Resonance Frequencies ◽  
Specific Material

Abstract In the current study, a novel multi-frequency, vibration-based Energy Harvester (EH) is proposed, numerically verified, and experimentally validated. The structural design of the proposed EH is inspired from an inner-ear, snail-shaped structure. In the past decade, scavenging power from environmental sources of vibration has attracted a lot of researchers to the field of energy harvesting. High demands for cleaner and renewable energy sources, limited sources of electrical energy, high depletion rates of nonrenewable sources of energy, and environmental concerns have urged researchers to investigate new structures called Metamaterial energy harvesters to harness electrical potential. The proposed EH is a metamaterial structure which has a Polyvinylidene Difluoride (PVDF) structure incapsulated in an aluminum frame and follows the physics of a mass-in-mass Phononic crystal structure. The PVDF snail-shaped structure is encapsulated inside a silicone matrix with a specific material property. This EH reacts to the environmental vibrations and the encapsulating silicone entraps the kinetic energy within its structure. The EH unit cell behaves as a negative mass in the vicinity of its resonance frequencies. In this paper, the dynamic behavior of the proposed EH is numerically modeled in COMSOL Multiphysics and, subsequently, validated experimentally using a unit cell fabricated in-house.

Experimental Research of Energy Harvesting and Storage Based on Ferroelectric Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 1336-1340
Author(s):  
Kai Feng Li ◽  
Rong Liu ◽  
Lin Xiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Mechanical Strain ◽  
Electrical Potential ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Ferroelectric Materials ◽  
Energy Scavenging ◽  
And Storage

The concept of energy harvesting works towards developing self-powered devices that do not require replaceable power supplies. Energy scavenging devices are designed to capture the ambient energy surrounding the electronics and convert it into usable electrical energy. A number of sources of harvestable ambient energy exist, including waste heat, vibration, electromagnetic waves, wind, flowing water, and solar energy. While each of these sources of energy can be effectively used to power remote sensors, the structural and biological communities have placed an emphasis on scavenging vibrational energy with ferroelectric materials. Ferroelectric materials have a crystalline structure that provide a unique ability to convert an applied electrical potential into a mechanical strain or vice versa. Based on the properties of the material, this paper investigates the technique of power harvesting and storage.

Embedded Metamaterial Subframe Patch for Increased Power Output of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Saman Farhangdoust ◽  
Gary Georgeson ◽  
Jeong-Beom Ihn ◽  
Armin Mehrabi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Cantilever Beam ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Piezoelectric Element ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Host Structure ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Low Efficiency

Abstract These days, piezoelectric energy harvesting (PEH) is introduced as one of the clean and renewable energy sources for powering the self-powered sensors utilized for wireless condition monitoring of structures. However, low efficiency is the biggest drawback of the PEHs. This paper introduces an innovative embedded metamaterial subframe (MetaSub) patch as a practical solution to address the low throughput limitation of conventional PEHs whose host structure has already been constructed or installed. To evaluate the performance of the embedded MetaSub patch (EMSP), a cantilever beam is considered as the host structure in this study. The EMSP transfers the auxetic behavior to the piezoelectric element (PZT) wherever substituting a regular beam with an auxetic beam is either impracticable or suboptimal. The concept of the EMSP is numerically validated, and the COMSOL Multiphysics software was employed to investigate its performance when a cantilever beam is subjected to different amplitude and frequency. The FEM results demonstrate that the harvesting power in cases that use the EMSP can be amplified up to 5.5 times compared to a piezoelectric cantilever energy harvester without patch. This paper opens up a great potential of using EMSP for different types of energy harvesting systems in biomedical, acoustics, civil, electrical, aerospace, and mechanical engineering applications.

Resonant Frequency Tuning Strategies for Vibration-Based Energy Harvesters

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Dong ◽  
Frank T. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Frequency Tuning ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Mechanical Stretch ◽  
Applied Bias Voltage ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Frequency Matching ◽  
Low Levels

Vibration-based energy harvesting has been widely investigated to as a means to generate low levels of electrical energy for applications such as wireless sensor networks. However, due to the fact that vibration from the environment is typically random and varies with different magnitudes and frequencies, it is a challenge to implement frequency matching in order to maximize the power output of the energy harvester with a wider frequency bandwidth for applications where there is a time-dependent, varying source frequency. Possible solutions of frequency matching include widening the bandwidth of the energy harvesters themselves in order to implement frequency matching and to perform resonance-based tuning approach, the latter of which shows the most promise to implement a frequency matching design. Here three tuning strategies are discussed. First a two-dimensional resonant frequency tuning technique for the cantilever-geometry energy harvesting device which extended previous 1D tuning approaches was developed. This 2D approach could be used in applications where space constraints impact the available design space of the energy harvester. In addition, two novel resonant frequency tuning approaches (tuning via mechanical stretch and tuning via applied bias voltage, respectively) for electroactive polymer (EAP) membrane-based geometry energy harvesters was proposed, such that the resulting changes in membrane tension were used to tune the device for applications targeting variable ambient frequency environments.

scholarly journals Highly Localized and Efficient Energy Harvesting in a Phononic Crystal Beam: Defect Placement and Experimental Validation

Crystals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu-Feng Lv ◽  
Xiang Fang ◽  
Zhi-Qiang Zhang ◽  
Zhi-Long Huang ◽  
Kuo-Chih Chuang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Point Defect ◽  
Polyvinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Flexural Rigidity ◽  
Phononic Crystal ◽  
Defect Mode ◽  
Unit Cell ◽  
Pvdf Film ◽  
Efficient Energy

We study energy harvesting in a binary phononic crystal (PC) beam at the defect mode. Specifically, we consider the placement of a mismatched unit cell related to the excitation point. The mismatched unit cell contains a perfect segment and a geometrically mismatched one with a lower flexural rigidity which serves as a point defect. We show that the strain in the defect PC beam is much larger than those in homogeneous beams with a defect segment. We suggest that the defect segment should be arranged in the first unit cell, but not directly connected to the excitation source, to achieve efficient less-attenuated localized energy harvesting. To harvest the energy, a polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) film is attached on top of the mismatched segment. Our numerical and experimental results indicate that the placement of the mismatched segment, which has not been addressed for PC beams under mechanical excitation, plays an important role in efficient energy harvesting based on the defect mode.

Evaluation of Ring-Type Energy Harvesters

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. D. Hu ◽  
H. Li ◽  
H. S. Tzou
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Piezoelectric Layer ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Ambient Vibration ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Segment Size

Piezoelectric materials can be used as electromechanical conversion mechanisms to transfer ambient vibration into electrical energy to power electronic devices. In this study, an elastic ring laminated with a piezoelectric layer on the inner surface is utilized as the basic structure for energy harvesting. The piezoelectric layer is uniformly segmented into several energy harvesting patches for practical applications. The generated electrical energy resulting from modal voltages is analyzed under the open-circuit condition. Two modal energy generations are evaluated: one is the energy induced by the membrane oscillation and the other is the energy induced by the bending oscillation. For practical design applications, energy generations are evaluated with respect to ring radius, piezoelectric layer thickness, ring thickness and segment size. The maximal energy of all harvester patches on the ring is calculated to determine the optimal patch locations with respect to various ring modes. By summing up energies generated from all harvesters on the ring, the overall energy is also evaluated Based on the normalizations and assumptions of parameters, results indicate that the larger the segment size is, the less the energy can be generated.

A Piezoelectric PZT Ceramic Multilayer Stack for Energy Harvesting Under Dynamic Forces

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian-Bing Xu ◽  
Emilie J. Siochi ◽  
Jin Ho Kang ◽  
Lei Zuo ◽  
Wanlu Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Resonance Mode ◽  
Dynamic Force ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Resonance Frequencies ◽  
Dynamic Forces ◽  
Pzt Ceramic

In this paper, we report the study of a “33” longitudinal mode, piezoelectric PZT ceramic multilayer stack (PZT-Stack) with high effective piezoelectric coefficient for broader bandwidth high-performance piezoelectric energy harvesting transducers (PEHTs). The PZT-Stack is composed of 300 layers of 0.1 mm thick PZT plates, with overall dimensions of 32.4 mm × 7.0 mm × 7.0 mm. Experiments were carried out with dynamic forces in a broad bandwidth ranging from 0.5 Hz to 25 kHz. The measured results show that the effective piezoelectric coefficients (EPC, deff) of the PZT-stack is about 1 × 105 pC/N at off-resonance frequencies and 1.39 × 106 pC/N at resonance, which is order of magnitude larger than that of traditional PEHTs. The EPC do not change significantly with applied dynamic forces having root mean square (RMS) values ranging from 1 N to 40 N. In resonance mode, 231 mW of electrical power was harvested at 2,479 Hz with a dynamic force of 11.6 Nrms, and 7.6 mW of electrical power was generated at a frequency of 2,114 Hz with 1 Nrms dynamic force. In off-resonance mode, an electrical power of 18.7 mW was obtained at 680 Hz with a 40 Nrms dynamic force. A theoretical model of energy harvesting for the PZT-Stack was established. The modeled results matched well with experimental measurements. This study demonstrated that structures with high EPC enable PEHTs to harvest more electrical energy from mechanical vibrations or motions, suggesting an effective design for high-performance low-profile PEHTs with potential applications in military, aerospace, and portable electronics. In addition, this study provides a route for using piezoelectric multilayer stacks for active or semi-active adaptive control to damp, harvest or transform unwanted vibrations into useful electrical energy.

Selective Ion Transport through Three-Dimensionally Interconnected Nanopores of Quaternized Block Copolymer Membranes for Energy Harvesting Application

Soft Matter ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ja Min Koo ◽  
Chul Ho Park ◽  
Seungmin Yoo ◽  
Gyeong Won Lee ◽  
Seung Yun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Ion Exchange ◽  
Ion Transport ◽  
Concentration Gradient ◽  
Polymer Membranes ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Gradient Energy ◽  
Promising Source

The concentration gradient in aqueous solutions is a promising source of energy that can be harvested into electrical energy by ion-exchange polymer membranes. In concentration-gradient energy harvesters, ion transport through...

Exploring Innovation Opportunities in Energy Harvesting Using Functional Modeling Approaches

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason M. Weaver ◽  
Kristin L. Wood ◽  
Richard H. Crawford ◽  
Dan Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Functional Model ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Functional Modeling ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Modeling Approaches ◽  
Common Basis ◽  
System A ◽  
Energy Flows ◽  
Sample Set

Energy harvesting is a promising and evolving field of research capable of supplying power to systems in a broad range of applications. Energy harvesting encompasses many distinct technologies, including photovoltaic panels, wind turbines, kinetic motion harvesters, and thermal generators. Each technology utilizes different processes to transform energy from the environment into usable electrical energy. As such, there are many analogous functions and processes that are common or similar across the various domains. To leverage and understand these functions and processes, functional modeling approaches are needed to identify these similarities and functions ripe for innovation in new systems. This paper describes a method for modeling the functional architectures of a sample set of energy harvesters, using a functional common basis from the literature. Vector space analysis is used to identify patterns and correlations in the use of functions across different products and energy-harvesting domains in the sample set. The resulting analysis indicates that systems in the same domain usually have very similar function structures, differing only by the addition or removal of a few driving or supporting functions. Systems in different domains also typically have similar structures, with the substitution of different material and energy flows into the system. A generalized functional model for energy harvesting is described, along with possible design ramifications and key opportunities to innovate. Several recommendations are given for the continued development and improvement of the functional common basis and, more generally, functional modeling methodologies. These include improved standardization and explanation of abstract functions, such as blending with the environment, and of organizational conventions to improve consistency.

scholarly journals Pyroelectric Energy Conversion and Its Applications—Flexible Energy Harvesters and Sensors

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 2170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atul Thakre ◽  
Ajeet Kumar ◽  
Hyun-Cheol Song ◽  
Dae-Yong Jeong ◽  
Jungho Ryu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Scavenging ◽  
Hybrid Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Sensor Applications ◽  
Sensing Applications

Among the various forms of natural energies, heat is the most prevalent and least harvested energy. Scavenging and detecting stray thermal energy for conversion into electrical energy can provide a cost-effective and reliable energy source for modern electrical appliances and sensor applications. Along with this, flexible devices have attracted considerable attention in scientific and industrial communities as wearable and implantable harvesters in addition to traditional thermal sensor applications. This review mainly discusses thermal energy conversion through pyroelectric phenomena in various lead-free as well as lead-based ceramics and polymers for flexible pyroelectric energy harvesting and sensor applications. The corresponding thermodynamic heat cycles and figures of merit of the pyroelectric materials for energy harvesting and heat sensing applications are also briefly discussed. Moreover, this study provides guidance on designing pyroelectric materials for flexible pyroelectric and hybrid energy harvesting.

scholarly journals A Review on Mechanisms for Piezoelectric-Based Energy Harvesters

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Elahi ◽  
Marco Eugeni ◽  
Paolo Gaudenzi
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Piezoelectric Transducers ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Analysis ◽  
Electric Voltage ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Self Powered

From last few decades, piezoelectric materials have played a vital role as a mechanism of energy harvesting, as they have the tendency to absorb energy from the environment and transform it to electrical energy that can be used to drive electronic devices directly or indirectly. The power of electronic circuits has been cut down to nano or micro watts, which leads towards the development of self-designed piezoelectric transducers that can overcome power generation problems and can be self-powered. Moreover, piezoelectric energy harvesters (PEHs) can reduce the need for batteries, resulting in optimization of the weight of structures. These mechanisms are of great interest for many researchers, as piezoelectric transducers are capable of generating electric voltage in response to thermal, electrical, mechanical and electromagnetic input. In this review paper, Fluid Structure Interaction-based, human-based, and vibration-based energy harvesting mechanisms were studied. Moreover, qualitative and quantitative analysis of existing PEH mechanisms has been carried out.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document