Resonant Frequency Tuning Strategies for Vibration-Based Energy Harvesters

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Dong ◽  
Frank T. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Frequency Tuning ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Mechanical Stretch ◽  
Applied Bias Voltage ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Frequency Matching ◽  
Low Levels

Vibration-based energy harvesting has been widely investigated to as a means to generate low levels of electrical energy for applications such as wireless sensor networks. However, due to the fact that vibration from the environment is typically random and varies with different magnitudes and frequencies, it is a challenge to implement frequency matching in order to maximize the power output of the energy harvester with a wider frequency bandwidth for applications where there is a time-dependent, varying source frequency. Possible solutions of frequency matching include widening the bandwidth of the energy harvesters themselves in order to implement frequency matching and to perform resonance-based tuning approach, the latter of which shows the most promise to implement a frequency matching design. Here three tuning strategies are discussed. First a two-dimensional resonant frequency tuning technique for the cantilever-geometry energy harvesting device which extended previous 1D tuning approaches was developed. This 2D approach could be used in applications where space constraints impact the available design space of the energy harvester. In addition, two novel resonant frequency tuning approaches (tuning via mechanical stretch and tuning via applied bias voltage, respectively) for electroactive polymer (EAP) membrane-based geometry energy harvesters was proposed, such that the resulting changes in membrane tension were used to tune the device for applications targeting variable ambient frequency environments.

scholarly journals Modular Environment for Development and Characterization of Tunable Energy Harvesting Systems

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Javier Casatorres-Aguero ◽  
Octavio Nieto-Taladriz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Vibrational Energy ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Oscillatory System ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Complete Process

This paper presents the design and development process for an electromagnetic self-tuned vibrational energy harvester prototype. Most state-of-the-art publications present non-tunable or manually tunable vibrational energy harvesters, even the market provides some commercial models of these categories for specific applications. On the other hand, self-tuned energy harvesters are yet rarely seen on the research community. The presented work follows the complete process of designing a prototype to work as a second-order oscillatory system in the form of a cantilever. Three different approaches to tune the resonant frequency of the harvester were considered, each based in changing a property of the cantilever that modifies its resonant frequency. Firstly, it was changed the effective vibrating length of the cantilever. Secondly it was introduced an axial load to the system. Then, the use of a dual cantilever wishbone structure was studied as it allows changing the equivalent stiffness of the system. Finally a prototype based on the first strategy was built and tested, including control algorithms for the maximum electrical energy harvesting point tracking which are presented.

Enhanced frequency synchronization for concurrent aeroelastic and base vibratory energy harvesting using a softening nonlinear galloping energy harvester

2021 ◽  
pp. 1045389X2110263
Author(s):  
Shun Chen ◽  
David Eager ◽  
Liya Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Effective Bandwidth ◽  
Frequency Synchronization ◽  
Periodic Oscillations ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Paper Form ◽  
Excited Oscillation

This paper proposes a softening nonlinear aeroelastic galloping energy harvester for enhanced energy harvesting from concurrent wind flow and base vibration. Traditional linear aeroelastic energy harvesters have poor performance with quasi-periodic oscillations when the base vibration frequency deviates from the aeroelastic frequency. The softening nonlinearity in the proposed harvester alters the self-excited galloping frequency and simultaneously extends the large-amplitude base-excited oscillation to a wider frequency range, achieving frequency synchronization over a remarkably broadened bandwidth with periodic oscillations for efficient energy conversion from dual sources. A fully coupled aero-electro-mechanical model is built and validated with measurements on a devised prototype. At a wind speed of 5.5 m/s and base acceleration of 0.1 g, the proposed harvester improves the performance by widening the effective bandwidth by 300% compared to the linear counterpart without sacrificing the voltage level. The influences of nonlinearity configuration, excitation magnitude, and electromechanical coupling strength on the mechanical and electrical behavior are examined. The results of this paper form a baseline for future efficiency enhancement of energy harvesting from concurrent wind and base vibration utilizing monostable stiffness nonlinearities.

scholarly journals Recent Trend in Biomechanical Energy Harvesting

10.48175/606 ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Swapnil Arawade ◽  
Ganesh Korwar
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Recent Trend ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Smart Devices ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
The Past ◽  
Innovative Work ◽  
Work Done

In this literature different biomechanical energy harvesters are reviewed. In the past years a lot of work reported on energy harvesting. Energy crisis is the main issue in front of human so it is essential to find new promising ways to fulfil the need of electricity. Wearable smart devices and small sensor require low electrical power so to power them biomechanical energy harvesters comes into picture. The innovative work done by the researchers in developing new biomechanical energy harvester is discussed and summarized.

scholarly journals Adaptive Electromagnetic Energy Harvester for Mobile Devices

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haziq Kamal ◽  
Peyman Moghadam
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Mobile Devices ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Excitation Frequency ◽  
Electromagnetic Energy ◽  
Major Drawback ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Limited Effectiveness ◽  
Energy Harvesting Devices ◽  
Ambient Excitation

<div>Advances in design and development of light-weight and low power wearable and mobile devices open up the possibility of lifetime extension of these devices from ambient sources through energy harvesting devices as opposed to periodically recharge the batteries. The most commonly available ambient energy source for mobile devices is Kinetic energy harvesters (KEH). The major drawback of the energy harvesters is limited effectiveness of harvesting mechanism near a fixed resonant frequency. It is difficult to harvest a reliable amount of energy from every forms of device motions with different excitation frequencies. To overcome this drawback, in this paper we propose an adaptive electromagnetic energy harvester which utilises spring characteristics to adapt its resonant frequency to match the ambient excitation frequency. This paper presents a prototype design and analysis of an adaptive electromagnetic energy harvester both in simulation and real. The harvester has tested using a specially designed experimental setup and compared with numerical simulations. The proposed solution generates 3.5 times higher maximum power over the default power output and 2.4 times higher maximum frequency compared to a fixed resonant frequency electromagnetic energy harvester.</div>

On Mathematical Modeling of Piezoelectric Energy Harvesters

2014 ◽  
Vol 953-954 ◽  
pp. 655-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guang Qing Shang ◽  
Hong Bing Wang ◽  
Chun Hua Sun
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
Energy Harvesting System ◽  
Piezoelectric Vibration

Energy harvesting system has become one of important areas of ​​research and develops rapidly. How to improve the performance of the piezoelectric vibration energy harvester is a key issue in engineering applications. There are many literature on piezoelectric energy harvesting. The paper places focus on summarizing these literature of mathematical modeling of piezoelectric energy harvesting, ranging from the linear to nonlinear, from early a single mechanical degree to piezoaeroelastic problems.

Flexoelectric Energy Harvesting Using Circular Thin Membranes

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhaoqi Li ◽  
Qian Deng ◽  
Shengping Shen
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Circular Membrane ◽  
Governing Equations ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Thin Membranes ◽  
High Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Working Frequency

Abstract In this work, we propose a circular membrane-based flexoelectric energy harvester. Different from previously reported nanobeams based flexoelectric energy harvesters, for the flexoelectric membrane, the polarization direction around its center is opposite in sign to that far away from the center. To avoid the cancelation of the electric output, electrodes coated to upper and lower surfaces of the flexoelectric membrane are respectively divided into two parts according to the sign of bending curvatures. Based on Hamilton’s principle and Ohm’s law, we obtain governing equations for the circular membrane-based flexoelectric energy harvester. A generalized assumed-modes method is employed for solving the system, so that the performance of the flexoelectric energy harvester can be studied in detail. We analyze the effects of the thickness h, radius r0, and their ratio on the energy harvesting performance. Specifically, we show that, by selecting appropriate h and r0, it is possible to design an energy harvester with both high energy conversion efficiency and low working frequency. At last, through numerical simulations, we further study the optimization ratio for which the electrodes should be divided.

Energy Harvesting Performance of Vertically Staggered Rectangle-Through-Holes Cantilever in Piezoelectric Vibration Energy Harvester

2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shan Gao ◽  
Hongrui Ao ◽  
Hongyuan Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Integrated Circuits ◽  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Power Density ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Vibration Energy ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvesting ◽  
Vibration Energy Harvester ◽  
Cantilevered Beam ◽  
Piezoelectric Vibration

Abstract Piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting technology has attracted significant attention for its applications in integrated circuits, microelectronic devices, and wireless sensors due to high power density, easy integration, simple configuration, and other outstanding features. Among piezoelectric vibration energy harvesting structures, the cantilevered beam is one of the simplest and most commonly used structures. In this work, a vertically staggered rectangle-through-holes (VS-RTH) cantilevered model is proposed, which focuses on the multi-directional vibration collection. To verify the output performance of the device, this paper employs basic materials and fabrication methods with mathematical modeling. The simulations are conducted through finite element methods to discuss the properties of VS-RTH energy harvester on resonant frequency and output characteristics. Besides, an energy storage circuit is adopted as a collection system. It can achieve a maximum voltage of 4.5 V which is responded to the harmonic vibrating input of 1 N force and 1 m/s2 in a single vibrating direction. Moreover, the power density is 2.596 W/cm3 with a 100 kΩ resistor. It is almost four times better than the output of unidirectional cantilever beam with similar resonant frequency and volume. According to the more functionality in the applications, VS-RTH energy harvester can be used in general vibration acquisition of machines and vehicles. Except for electricity storage, the harvester can potentially employ as a sensor to monitor the diversified physical signals for smooth operation and emergence reports. Looking forward, the VS-RTH harvester renders an effective approach toward decomposing the vibration directions in the environment for further complicating vibration applications.

Modeling and optimization of a wide-band piezoelectric energy harvester for smart building structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (02) ◽  
pp. 2050009
Author(s):  
Prateek Asthana ◽  
Gargi Khanna
Keyword(s):  
Resonant Frequency ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Proof Mass ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Wide Band ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Sensor Nodes ◽  
Ambient Vibrations ◽  
Band Energy ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy

Piezoelectric energy harvesting refers to conversion of mechanical energy into usable electrical energy. In the modern connected world, wireless sensor nodes are scattered around the environment. These nodes are powered by batteries. Batteries require regular replacement, hence energy harvesters providing continuous autonomous power are used to power these sensor nodes. This work provides two different fixation modes for the resonant frequency for the two modes. Variation in geometric parameter and their effect on resonant frequency and output power have been analyzed. These harvesters capture a wide-band of ambient vibrations and convert them into usable electrical energy. To capture random ambient vibrations, the harvester used is a wide-band energy harvester based on conventional seesaw mechanism. The proposed structure operates on first two resonant frequencies in comparison to the conventional cantilever system working on first resonant frequency. Resonance frequency, as well as response to a varying input vibration frequency, is carried out, showing better performance of seesaw cantilever design. In this work, modeling of wide-band energy harvester with proof mass is being performed. Position of proof mass plays a key role in determining the resonant frequency of the harvester. Placing the proof mass near or away from fixed end results in increase and decrease in stress on the piezoelectric layer. Hence, to avoid the breaking of cantilever, the position of proof mass has been analyzed.

A Novel Multi-Directional Nonlinear Piezoelectric Energy Harvester Coupled With Nonlinear Conditioning Circuits

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhengbao Yang ◽  
Jean Zu
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Piezoelectric Materials ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Elastic Rods ◽  
Energy Harvesters ◽  
Piezoelectric Energy ◽  
High Power Output ◽  
Transduction Mechanisms ◽  
Self Powered ◽  
Aluminum Plates

Energy harvesting from vibrations has become, in recent years, a recurring target of a quantity of research to achieve self-powered operation of low-power electronic devices. However, most of energy harvesters developed to date, regardless of different transduction mechanisms and various structures, are designed to capture vibration energy from single predetermined direction. To overcome the problem of the unidirectional sensitivity, we proposed a novel multi-directional nonlinear energy harvester using piezoelectric materials. The harvester consists of a flexural center (one PZT plate sandwiched by two bow-shaped aluminum plates) and a pair of elastic rods. Base vibration is amplified and transferred to the flexural center by the elastic rods and then converted to electrical energy via the piezoelectric effect. A prototype was fabricated and experimentally compared with traditional cantilevered piezoelectric energy harvester. Following that, a nonlinear conditioning circuit (self-powered SSHI) was analyzed and adopted to improve the performance. Experimental results shows that the proposed energy harvester has the capability of generating power constantly when the excitation direction is changed in 360. It also exhibits a wide frequency bandwidth and a high power output which is further improved by the nonlinear circuit.

Optimizing the Electrical Power in an Energy Harvesting System

2015 ◽  
Vol 25 (12) ◽  
pp. 1550171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mattia Coccolo ◽  
Grzegorz Litak ◽  
Jesús M. Seoane ◽  
Miguel A. F. Sanjuán
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Resonance Phenomenon ◽  
Vibrational Resonance ◽  
Energy Harvesting System

In this paper, we study the vibrational resonance (VR) phenomenon as a useful mechanism for energy harvesting purposes. A system, driven by a low frequency and a high frequency forcing, can give birth to the vibrational resonance phenomenon, when the two forcing amplitudes resonate and a maximum in amplitude is reached. We apply this idea to a bistable oscillator that can convert environmental kinetic energy into electrical energy, that is, an energy harvester. Normally, the VR phenomenon is studied in terms of the forcing amplitudes or of the frequencies, that are not always easy to adjust and change. Here, we study the VR generated by tuning another parameter that is possible to manipulate when the forcing values depend on the environmental conditions. We have investigated the dependence of the maximum response due to the VR for small and large variations in the forcing amplitudes and frequencies. Besides, we have plotted color coded figures in the space of the two forcing amplitudes, in which it is possible to appreciate different patterns in the electrical power generated by the system. These patterns provide useful information on the forcing amplitudes in order to produce the optimal electrical power.

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