Synergistic Analysis of Seawater Parameters’ Effect on Corrosion Rate of Austenitic Stainless Steels 304 and 316

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Pakshir ◽  
Sanam Atashin ◽  
Arash Yazdani
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Experimental Design Method ◽  
Engineering Designs ◽  
Marine Engineering ◽  
The Individual

In this research the synergistic effect of environmental factors on corrosion rate of austenitic stainless steels 304 and 316 has been assessed. The behavior and resistance of these alloys are studied in aerated synthetic seawater, using potentiodynamic polarization scan. The salinity, velocity, pH and temperature are the considered parameters. To study the individual and interactive contribution percentage of parameters on changing the average value of corrosion rate, a quantitative full two-level factorial experimental design method is applied. Beside this quantitative analysis, qualitative analysis has been used to predict the variation direction. By means of these two analyses we can predict the magnitude and quality of each parameter’s effect. This research has a potential in prediction of alloys’ behavior, which is really valuable in marine engineering designs.

scholarly journals Correction: Li, P., et al. Research on Erosion-Corrosion Rate of 304 Stainless Steel in Acidic Slurry via Experimental Design Method. Materials 2019, 12, 2330

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 3181
Author(s):  
Ping Li ◽  
Yanjie Zhao ◽  
Libo Wang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Design Method ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Experimental Design Method ◽  
Erosion Corrosion

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]

Reduced Stiffness Criteria for the Safe Buckling Design of Thin Shells and its Numerical Validation

2014 ◽  
Vol 905 ◽  
pp. 283-286
Author(s):  
Hong Tao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bounds ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Thin Shells ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Design Factor ◽  
Critical Design ◽  
Large Sets ◽  
Experimental Design Method ◽  
Marine Engineering

Thin metallic shells have long been adopted as major structural components in weight-sensitive applications, especially in marine engineering. Imperfection sensitive buckling is a critical design factor when these structures are loaded in compression. Traditional experimental design method depends on deriving lower bounds to the scatter of large sets of test results. This paper aims to present an analytical approach, the so-called reduced stiffness method (RSM) to the lower-bound buckling of thin-metallic shells. The validity of the RSM for the prediction of the safe lower bounds to the buckling of thin shells is verified through carefully controlled finite element analysis and the comparative studies confirm the reliability of the RSM.

Research on Increasing the Nitrogen Removal Efficiency by Changing the Secondary Treatment Parameters

2014 ◽  
Vol 216 ◽  
pp. 267-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erika Ardelean ◽  
Marius Ardelean ◽  
Teodor Hepuț ◽  
Florin Drăgoi
Keyword(s):  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Liquid Steel ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Inert Gases ◽  
Secondary Treatment ◽  
Refining Slag ◽  
Main Method ◽  
Flow Pressure

The existence of gases in the solid metals (hydrogen and nitrogen) assumes the presence of these gases in metals even before solidification, respectively in the elaboration, secondary treatment and casting phases. Usually, great amounts of gases dissolved in steels can be detected, between 3.5-8ppm for hydrogen and 0.02-0.03% for nitrogen, respectively. There are also cases when the purpose is to alloy with nitrogen, this being the case of austenitic stainless steels where the nitrogen content can reach 0.5% using ferrochromium or ferromanganese alloyed with nitrogen in 3-5.5 %. The main method of removing these gases is bubbling with inert gases and /or treating the steel in a vacuum facility. The paper presents a study regarding increasing the removal efficiency of nitrogen from the liquid steel by changing the bubbling parameters (flow, pressure, duration) but also the basicity of the refining slag. The equations of the regression surface and the identified fields are of a real help for the technologists, allowing quick decisions but they are also important for the quality of the metallic products [.

scholarly journals Development Parameters of Pneumatic Slotted Sprayers for Treatment Potato Tubers

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1200-1203
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Flow Rates ◽  
Financial Costs ◽  
Experimental Design Method ◽  
Potato Planter ◽  
Spray Gun

This article presents the results of developing the design of the device and optimizing the parameters of the pneumatic slotted spray gun recommended for treating tubers with working fluids. In connection with the task, the flow rates of the working fluid by the sprayer were determined by the experimental design method and the speed characteristics of the airborne droplet for treating tubers in the coulters of a potato planter. It was found that the use of a device for processing tubers during the planting process contributes to the intensification of the cultivation of tubers while reducing financial costs and improving the quality of processing.

Influence of Impurities on Intergranular Corrosion of Extra High Purity Austenitic Stainless Steels

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuo Ioka ◽  
Jun Suzuki ◽  
Takafumi Motoka ◽  
Kiyoshi Kiuchi ◽  
Junpei Nakayama
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Intergranular Corrosion ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Hno3 Solution ◽  
Nuclear Fuel Reprocessing Plant

An intergranular corrosion is observed in austenitic stainless steels exposed to high temperature, concentrated nitric acid (HNO3) solution with highly oxidizing ions. It is an important degradation mechanism of austenitic stainless steels for use in a nuclear fuel reprocessing plant. The intergranular corrosion is caused by the segregation of impurities to grain boundaries and the resultant formation of active sites. Extra High Purity (EHP™) austenitic stainless steel was developed with conducting the new multiple refined melting in order to suppress the total harmful impurities less than 100ppm. The intergranular corrosion behavior of EHP alloys with various impurities was examined in boiling HNO3 solution with highly oxidizing ions to find a correlation between the intergranular corrosion and the impurities of EHP alloys. A good correlation was confirmed between the degree of intergranular corrosion and the corrosion rate. The relationships between the corrosion rate and the impurities content of EHP alloys was determined using a multiple regression analysis. The influence on corrosion rate became small in order of B, P, Si, C, S and Mn. It was important to control B in intergranular corrosion behavior of EHP alloys.

scholarly journals Studies of a Rotary–Centrifugal Grain Grinder Using a Multifactorial Experimental Design Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (19) ◽  
pp. 5362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marczuk ◽  
Blicharz-Kania ◽  
Savinykh ◽  
Isupov ◽  
Palichyn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Technical Condition ◽  
Technical Literature ◽  
Optimization Criteria ◽  
Impact Cutting ◽  
Experimental Design Method ◽  
Dust Fraction ◽  
Experimental Design Methodology

A scientific and technical literature review on machines designed to grind fodder grain revealed that the existing designs of grinding machines—those based on destruction by impact, cutting, or chipping—have various drawbacks. Some disadvantages include high metal and energy intensity, an uneven particle size distribution of the ground (crushed) product, a high percentage of dust fraction, the rapid wear of work tools (units), and heating of the product. To eliminate most of the identified shortcomings, the design of a rotary–centrifugal grain grinder is proposed in this paper. The optimization of the grinder’s working process was carried out using experimental design methodology. The following factors were studied: the grain material feed, rotor speed (rpm), opening of the separating surface, number of knives (blades) on the inner and outer rings, technical conditions of the knives (sharpened or unsharpened), and the presence of a special insert that is installed in the radial grooves of the distribution bowl. The optimization criteria were based on the amount of electricity consumed by and the performance of the rotary–centrifugal grain grinder. The quality of performance was quantified by the finished product, based on the percentage of particles larger than 3 mm in size. An analysis of the results of the multifactorial experiment allowed us to establish a relationship (interaction) between the factors and their influence on the optimization criteria, as well as to determine the most significant factors and to define further directions for the research of a centrifugal–rotary grain grinder. From our experimental results, we found that the grinder is underutilized in the selected range of factor variation. Furthermore, the number of knives installed at the second stage of the grinder, the gap (clearance) of the separating surface, and the technical condition of the knives are among the most important factors influencing the power consumption and the quality of the resulting product. A reduction in the number of knives at the first stage has a positive effect on all the selected optimization criteria; and by varying the factors in the selected range, it is possible to obtain a product corresponding to medium and coarse grinding.

Analysis of Cutting Zone Machinability during the Drilling of XCr18Ni8 Stainless Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 224 ◽  
pp. 142-145
Author(s):  
Jozef Jurko ◽  
Anton Panda ◽  
Marcel Behún
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Feed Rate ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Cutting Zone ◽  
Cutting Speeds

This paper presents the conclusions of machinability tests on a XCr18Ni8 stainless steel. The content of this article also focuses on the analysis of selected basic indicators of steel machinability: quality of the processed surface. The results of the article are conclusions for working theory and practice for drillng of austenitic stainless steels. Based on the cutting tests, cutting speeds of 40 to 60 m/min, feed rate of 0.04 to 1.2 mm and screw drill carbide monolite.

Corrosion behaviour of austenitic stainless steels in phosphate buffer saline solution: synergistic effects of protein concentration, time and nitrogen

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (4) ◽  
pp. 1943-1955 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Talha ◽  
Yucong Ma ◽  
Yuanhua Lin ◽  
Ambrish Singh ◽  
Wanying Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Saline Solution ◽  
Protein Complexes ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Phosphate Buffer Saline Solution ◽  
Concentration Time

Adsorption of protein on a steel surface decreases the corrosion rate, while the formation of metal–protein complexes followed by detachment enhances the corrosion rate.

Influence of Silicon and Manganese on Corrosion Behavior of Austenitic Stainless Steels

CORROSION ◽  
1968 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 393-402 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. E. WILDE ◽  
J. S. ARMIJO
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Stainless Steels ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Composition Range ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Dissolution Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of ◽  
Partial Process

Abstract The influence of silicon and manganese on the electrochemical and corrosion behavior of a high purity austenitic 14Cr/14Ni-balance Fe alloy has been studied. Over the composition range 50–41, 500 ppm Si, no effect was observed on the kinetics of the anodic or cathodic partial processes. Addition of manganese over the range 5–26,300 ppm accelerates the anodic dissolution kinetics in the active range of potentials and also the steady-state corrosion rate in 1N̄ H2SO4 due to its influence on the kinetics of the cathodic partial process. The nature of this effect is analyzed according to electrode kinetic concepts from which it is shown that manganese changes the value of the electrode process transmission coefficient. Alloys containing manganese and silicon over large concentration ranges are extremely resistant to stress corrosion cracking in boiling 42 w/o MgCl2.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENGGUNAAN MODUL TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN MULTIPEL REPRESENTASI SISWA PADA MATERI KELARUTAN DAN HASIL KALI KELARUTAN (Ksp) KELAS XI IPA SMA ADISUCIPTO SUNGAI RAYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozi Auliza ◽  
Rizmahardian Ashari Kurniawan ◽  
Tuti Kurniati
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Research Method ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Choice Test ◽  
Multiple Choice Test ◽  
Multiple Representation ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Experimental Design Method ◽  
Before And After

This study aimed to determine the ability and influence of student multiple representation module before and after using the module about solubility and solubility results in class XI IPA Adisucipto Sungai Raya High School. The research method used in this study was the Pre-experimental design method and the research design used was one-group pretest-posttest design. The sample in this study was the students of class XI IPA of Adisucipto Sungai Raya High School. Data collection techniques used in this research were measurement, observation and interview techniques. Meanwhile, data collection tools used multiple choice test questions, observation sheets and interview guidelines. Based on the results of data analysis, differences in the ability of student multiple representation were obtained the results of calculations with an average value of the representation aspect of macroscopic 75.00, microscopic 73.33, and symbolic 74.44. The effect of learning with multiple representation module was analyzed using the N-Gain formula. The results in the macroscopic aspect of 0.54, microscopic aspect of 0.68 and the symbolic aspect of 0.38 belong to the medium category.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document