scholarly journals Dietary Supplementation Practices of Singaporean Athletes

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 320-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Slater ◽  
Benedict Tan ◽  
Kong Chuan Teh
Keyword(s):  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Source Information ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Sports Supplements ◽  
Herbal Preparations ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Sports Drinks ◽  
Anonymous Questionnaire ◽  
Specialist Knowledge

The supplementation practices of elite athletes in Singapore were studied using an anonymous questionnaire. Information was sought on not only the type of supplements used but also dosage, rationale for use, and other factors that might influence supplement use including selected demographic parameters and sources of information relating to supplements. Data was collected from 160 athletes across a spectrum of 30 sports. Use of supplements was widespread, with 77% of respondents acknowledging use of at least 1 product. Respondents ingested a total of 59 different supplements, with each athlete using on average 3.6 ± 0.3 different products. Sports drinks, caffeine, vitamin C, multivitamin/mineral supplements, and essence of chicken were some of the most commonly ingested products, confirming that while vitamin/mineral supplements are popular, sports supplements and traditional/herbal preparations were also well accepted. Respondents preferred to source information pertaining to supplements from “significant others” and other readily accessible sources. A small number of respondents acknowledged the use of International Olympic Committee (IOC) banned or restricted substances, highlighting the need for athletes to consult sports medicine professionals with specialist knowledge of dietary supplements in advance of initiating any supplementation regime.

Inadvertent Doping through Supplement Use by Athletes: Assessment and Management of the Risk in Australia

2001 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Baylis ◽  
David Cameron-Smith ◽  
Louise M. Burke
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Real Problem ◽  
Testing Program ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Sports Supplements ◽  
Sports Drink ◽  
Herbal Preparations ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Elite Swimmers

Many athletes report using a wide range of special sports foods and supplements. In the present study of 77 elite Australian swimmers, 99% of those surveyed reported the use of these special preparations, with 94% of swimmers reporting the use of non-food supplements. The most popular dietary supplements were vitamin or mineral supplements (used by 94% of the group), herbal preparations (61%), and creatine (31%). Eighty-seven percent of swimmers reported using a sports drink or other energy-providing sports food. In total, 207 different products were reported in this survey. Sports supplements, particularly supplements presented as pills or other non-food form, are poorly regulated in most countries, with little assurance of quality control. The risk of an inadvertent “positive doping test” through the use of sports supplements or sports foods is a small but real problem facing athletes who compete in events governed by anti-doping rules. The elite swimmers in this survey reported that information about the “doping safety” of supplements was important and should be funded by supplement manufacturers. Although it is challenging to provide such information, we suggest a model to provide an accredited testing program suitable for the Australian situation, with targeted athlete education about the “sports safety” of sports supplements and foods.

Dietary Supplementation Practices in Canadian High-Performance Athletes

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor Lun ◽  
Kelly A. Erdman ◽  
Tak S. Fung ◽  
Raylene A. Reimer
Keyword(s):  
Sports Medicine ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Performance Training ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Sports Drinks ◽  
World Anti Doping Agency

Dietary supplementation is a common practice in athletes with a desire to enhance performance, training, exercise recovery, and health. Supplementation habits of elite athletes in western Canada have been documented, but research is lacking on supplement use by athletes across Canada. The purpose of this descriptive study was to evaluate the dietary supplementation practices and perspectives of high-performance Canadian athletes affiliated with each of the country’s eight Canadian Sport Centres. Dietitians administered a validated survey to 440 athletes (63% women, 37% men; M =19.99 ± 5.20 yr) representing 34 sports who predominantly trained ≥16 hr/wk, most competing in “power” based sports. Within the previous 6 months, 87% declared having taken ≥3 dietary supplements, with sports drinks, multivitamin and mineral preparations, carbohydrate sports bars, protein powder, and meal-replacement products the most prevalent supplements reported. Primary sources of information on supplementation, supplementation justification, and preferred means of supplementation education were identified. Fifty-nine percent reported awareness of current World Anti-Doping Agency legislation, and 83% subjectively believed they were in compliance with such antidoping regulations. It was concluded that supplementation rates are not declining in Canada, current advisors on supplementation for this athletic population are not credible, and sports medicine physicians and dietitians need to consider proactive strategies to improve their influence on supplementation practices in these elite athletes.

Nutritional Supplement Use among College Athletes and Their Sources of Information

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn Froiland ◽  
Wanda Koszewski ◽  
Joshua Hingst ◽  
Lisa Kopecky
Keyword(s):  
Female Athletes ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Division I ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Sports Drinks ◽  
Varsity Athletes ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Reasons For Use

A survey was conducted to examine the source of information and usage of nutritional supplements in 115 male and 88 female varsity athletes at a Division I university. The survey asked each athlete to define supplement, and report supplement use and type, source of information, and reasons for use. Supplement use frequencies were determined, and comparisons were made between gender and sport. Eighty-nine percent of the subjects had or were currently using nutritional supplements. Many athletes did not consider sports drinks and calorie replacement products as supplements. Females were more likely to take calcium and multivitamins, and males had significant intake for ginseng, amino acids, glutamine, hydroxy-methyl-buterate (HMB), weight gainers, whey protein, and Juven. The most frequently used supplements overall were energy drinks (73%), calorie replacement products of all types (61.4%), multivitamin (47.3%), creatine (37.2%), and vitamin C (32.4%). There was also significant supplement use noted per sport. Females were more likely to obtain information from family members regarding supplementation, and males from a store nutritionist, fellow athletes, friends, or a coach. Female athletes were more likely to take supplements for their health or because of an inadequate diet, while men reported taking supplements to improve speed and agility, strength and power, or for weight/muscle gain.

Efficacy and Safety of Regular Vitamin and Mineral Supplement Use in France: Results from the ECCA Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Touvier ◽  
Boutron-Ruault ◽  
Volatier ◽  
Martin
Keyword(s):  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Assessment Tools ◽  
Mineral Supplement ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Retail Outlets ◽  
Annual Frequency ◽  
Excessive Intake

This study investigated the prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intake and the proportion of subjects who exceed Tolerable Upper Intake Levels a) with food only, and b) with food+supplements, in a population of French regular supplement users (n = 259). Assessment tools were seven-day records for supplements, three-day records for food intake, and a questionnaire about supplement use. Most subjects were recruited in retail outlets that sold supplements. They were recent users of vitamin/mineral supplements, aged over 15 years, and normo-energy reporters. The prevalence (%) of inadequate intake decreased with the inclusion of mean annual supplements, from 68.0 to 54.8 for magnesium, 55.9 to 40.7 for vitamin C, 53.4 to 43.9 for folic acid, 37.5 to 27.5 for iron, and 40.1 to 29.7 for pantothenic acid. Few subjects exceeded upper intake levels when mean annual intake of supplements was considered. When supplement consumption was considered during the studied week only, the proportion of subjects who were in excess of the upper intake levels was higher (maximum: 9.6% for magnesium). Supplement use brought a nutritional benefit for some targeted nutrients. It was not associated with excessive intake in this study, but could become hazardous if the annual frequency of use were to increase.

Efektivitas Komunikasi Pendamping Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR)

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 894
Author(s):  
Yara Falmira Dianira
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Communication Effectiveness ◽  
Message Content ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Source Information ◽  
Spearman Rank Correlation ◽  
Level Of Understanding ◽  
Corporate Social

ABSTRACT An important factor for the success of a CSR program is effective communication. Communication will be effective if it has an impact. If the information is conveyed based on the needs, then the communication will be effective. This study aims to analyze the factors which are related to the effectiveness of CSR communication. This study used a census method to approach 37 participants who received CSR programs. The Data analysis used the Spearman rank correlation for the statistical tests. The results showed that there was a correlation between factors that have the strength of CSR companion communication (level of attractiveness of the companion, quality of message content, and sources of information) which have real communication at the level of understanding of the participants of the Kertajaya Creative Destination (KCD) CSR program. In addition, there is a real correlation the factors that have the strength of CSR companion communication (the level of credibility of the companion, the source information, and the level of the recipient) and having communication at the level of attitudes of participants in the Kertajaya Creative Destination (KCD) CSR program. However, there is no real correlation between CSR companion communication factors and participant actions.Keywords :communication effectiveness, CSR, elements of communication. ABSTRAK Faktor penting dari keberhasilan program CSR adalah komunikasi yang efektif. Komunikasi dikatakan efektif jika menimbulkan dampak. Bila informasi tersampaikan sesuai dengan kebutuhan, maka komunikasi yang dijalankan efektif. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas komunikasi pendamping CSR. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan sensus terhadap 37 orang peserta penerima program CSR. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik korelasi rank Spearman. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan nyata antara faktor efektivitas komunikasi pendamping CSR (derajat daya tarik pendamping, kualaitas isi pesan, dan sumber informasi)  dengan efektivitas komunikasi pada tingkat pemahaman peserta program CSR Kertajaya Creative Destination (KCD). Selain itu, terdapat hubungan nyata antara faktor efektivitas komunikasi pendamping CSR (tingkat kredibilitas pendamping, sumber informasi, dan tingkat penerima) dengan efektivitas komunikasi pada tingkat sikap peserta program CSR Kertajaya Creative Destination (KCD). Namun, tidak terdapat hubungan nyata antara faktor efektivitas komunikasi pendamping CSR dengan tindakan peserta. Kata Kunci : CSR, efektivitas komunikasi, unsur-unsur komunikasi.

scholarly journals Dietary supplement use in elementary school children: a Japanese web-based survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazue Ishitsuka ◽  
Satoshi Sasaki ◽  
Hidetoshi Mezawa ◽  
Mizuho Konishi ◽  
Maki Igarashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Sports Participation ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Health Related Behaviors ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Dietary Supplement Use ◽  
Frequency Of Sports Participation

Abstract Background A variety of dietary supplements are commercially available. However, the efficacy and safety of dietary supplement use in children are not well established. Understanding dietary supplement use is important for developing public health policy regarding dietary supplements. This study aimed to investigate the types of dietary supplements used and characteristics of dietary supplement users among Japanese elementary school children. Method We conducted a cross-sectional web-based questionnaire study. Dietary supplement use, socio-demographics, and health-related behaviors were assessed through mother-reported questionnaire. Types of dietary supplements were identified based on ingredient using product barcodes and brand names. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the socio-demographics and health-related behaviors associated with supplement use. Results Among 4933 children, 333 (6.8%) were identified as dietary supplement users. The most common supplement was amino acids or protein (1.4%), followed by n–3 fatty acids or fish oil (1.0%), probiotics (1.0%), multivitamins (0.9%), multivitamin-minerals (0.8%), and botanicals (0.8%). Overall, any dietary supplement use was significantly associated with the highest frequency of sports participation (odds ratio [OR], 2.58; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.65–4.02), highest household income (OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.13–3.10), highest maternal educational level (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.31–2.52), and male sex (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.09–1.75). The highest frequency of sports participation was significantly associated with higher odds of use of amino acids or protein (OR, 6.06; 95% CI, 1.78–20.6) and multivitamins (OR, 3.56; 95% CI, 1.11–11.5), compared to the lowest frequency of sports participation. Conclusion This study showed that Japanese children primarily use non-vitamin, non-mineral supplements. Non-vitamin, non-mineral supplements should thus be included in future studies aimed at monitoring dietary supplement use. We also found that dietary supplement use in children was associated with sports participation. Guidelines for dietary supplement use for children, in particular sport participants, are needed.

scholarly journals Dietary Supplementation for Para-Athletes: A Systematic Review

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2016
Author(s):  
Keely A. Shaw ◽  
Gordon A. Zello ◽  
Brian Bandy ◽  
Jongbum Ko ◽  
Leandy Bertrand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Sports Medicine ◽  
Spinal Cord Injuries ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Sport Supplements ◽  
Cord Injury

The use of dietary supplements is high among athletes and non-athletes alike, as well as able-bodied individuals and those with impairments. However, evidence is lacking in the use of dietary supplements for sport performance in a para-athlete population (e.g., those training for the Paralympics or similar competition). Our objective was to examine the literature regarding evidence for various sport supplements in a para-athlete population. A comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, SPORTDiscus, MedLine, and Rehabilitation and Sports Medicine Source. Fifteen studies met our inclusion criteria and were included in our review. Seven varieties of supplements were investigated in the studies reviewed, including caffeine, creatine, buffering agents, fish oil, leucine, and vitamin D. The evidence for each of these supplements remains inconclusive, with varying results between studies. Limitations of research in this area include the heterogeneity of the subjects within the population regarding functionality and impairment. Very few studies included individuals with impairments other than spinal cord injury. Overall, more research is needed to strengthen the evidence for or against supplement use in para-athletes. Future research is also recommended on performance in para-athlete populations with classifiable impairments other than spinal cord injuries.

Prevalence and Attitudes towards Using Protein Supplements Among Female Gym Users: an Online Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maha H. Alhussain ◽  
Waad S. Abdulhalim ◽  
Laila Naif Al-harbi ◽  
Manal Abdulaziz Binobead
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Protein Supplementation ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Exercise Frequency ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protein Supplements ◽  
Supplement Use

Background: Protein supplements have become a widespread practice amongst athletes and gym users worldwide. However, studies on the use of protein supplements among female gym users in Saudi Arabia are lacking. Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of protein supplement usage among female gym users and their attitudes towards protein supplementation in Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 502 female gym users aged ≥18 years completed a structured, self-administered online questionnaire on the usage of protein supplementation. Socio-demographic information, anthropometry, health status, exercise frequency, attitudes and knowledge regarding protein supplements were obtained. Results: The overall prevalence rate of protein supplement use among the study respondents was 36.3%. There were significant associations between the use of protein supplements and educational level (p< 0.05), the duration of being a gym member (p< 0.05) and frequency of gym visits per week (p< 0.05). Whey protein was the predominantly used supplement (57.8%), and the reason attributed to the use of protein supplement was muscle building (53.9%). The main sources of information regarding protein supplement use included the internet (30.2%) followed by gym coaches (25.3%). Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that a considerable number of females exercising in gyms use protein supplements, and most rely on unreliable sources for decision-making of protein supplements use. Nutritional education and consultations regarding protein supplement use are warranted.

Dietary Supplement Usage, Motivation, and Education in Young Canadian Athletes

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 613-622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Wiens ◽  
Kelly Anne Erdman ◽  
Megan Stadnyk ◽  
Jill A. Parnell
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Beta Alanine ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Sport Type ◽  
Supplement Usage ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Dietary Supplement Use

Purpose:To evaluate dietary supplement use in young Canadian athletes, their motivation for consuming supplements, and their sources of information.Methods:A questionnaire tested for content validity and reliability was administered to 567 athletes between the ages of 11 and 25 years from the Canadian athletic community in face-to-face meetings. Demographics and sport variables were analyzed using descriptive statistics. Fisher’s exact tests were used to examine dietary supplementation patterns and sources of information regarding dietary supplement use between categories of gender, age, sport type, and competition level.Results:Ninety-eight percent of athletes were taking at least one dietary supplement. Males were more likely to consume protein powder, energy drinks, recovery drinks, branched chain amino acids, beta-alanine, and glutamine (p < .01); supplements typically associated with increased muscle mass. Athletes 11–17 years old focused on vitamin and mineral supplements; whereas, athletes 18–25 years old focused on purported ergogenic supplements. Strength training athletes were more likely to consume creatine, glutamine, and protein powders (p < .02). Reasons for supplement use included to stay healthy, increase energy, immune system, recovery, and overall performance. Primary sources of information were family and friends, coaches, and athletic trainers; with 48% of athletes having met with a dietitian. Preferred means of education included individual consultations, presentations, and the internet.Conclusions:The majority of young athletes are using dietary supplements with the belief they will improve performance and health; however, may not always have reliable information. Educational programs using individual consultations and electronic media are recommended for this demographic.

Use of Dietary Supplements by Elite Figure Skaters

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 266-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula J. Ziegler ◽  
Judy A. Nelson ◽  
Satya S. Jonnalagadda
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Figure Skaters ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Total Fat

The present study examined the prevalence of dietary supplement use among elite figure skaters, gender differences in supplement use, and differences in nutrient intake of supplement users versus non-users. Male (n = 46) and female (n = 59) figure skaters completed a supplement survey and 3-day food records. Descriptive analysis, chi-square test, and independent t tests were used to analyze the data. Sixty-five percent of male (n = 30) and 76% of female (n = 45) figure skaters reported use of supplements. Forty-seven percent of males and 55% of females reported daily use of supplements. Multivitamin-mineral supplements were the most popular dietary supplements consumed by figure skaters. Significant gender differences were observed in the use of multivitamin-mineral supplements (61% males vs. 83% females, p < .05). Echinacea and ginseng were popular herbal supplements used by these skaters. The 3 main reasons given by male figure skaters for taking supplements were: to provide more energy (41%), to prevent illness or disease (34%), and to enhance performance (21%). Among female figure skaters, the 3 main reasons given were: to prevent illness or disease (61%), to provide more energy (39%), and to make up for an inadequate diet (28%). Significant differences (p < .05) were observed in protein, total fat, saturated fat, polyunsaturated fat intakes, and % energy from carbohydrate and total fat of male supplement users versus non-users, with supplement users having higher intakes except for percent energy from carbohydrate. Sodium was the only nutrient significantly different (p < .05) among female supplement users versus non-users, with supplement users having lower intakes. Given the popularity of dietary supplements, it is important to understand the factors influencing athletes’ use of supplements, their knowledge and attitudes regarding supplements, dosage of supplements used, and the effectiveness of these dietary supplements in meeting the goals of the athletes.

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