Adolescent Physical Activity: Does Implementation Intention Have a Role?

Vaughan Roberts; Ralph Maddison; Jane Magnusson; Harry Prapavessis

doi:10.1123/jpah.7.4.497

Adolescent Physical Activity: Does Implementation Intention Have a Role?

Journal of Physical Activity and Health ◽

10.1123/jpah.7.4.497 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 7 (4) ◽

pp. 497-507 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Vaughan Roberts ◽

Ralph Maddison ◽

Jane Magnusson ◽

Harry Prapavessis

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Social Cognitive ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Implementation Intention ◽

Integrated Model ◽

Self Report ◽

Future Research ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

Goal Intention

Background:The current study tested the utility of an integrated social cognitive model to predict physical activity (PA) intentions and behavior in New Zealand adolescents.Method:Seventy-two adolescents (mean age = 16.92, SD = 0.66) completed measures consistent with the integrated model (attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control [PBC], goal intention, task-efficacy, barrier efficacy, and implementation intention). Pedometer data (Yamax SW200 pedometer) were collected for 7 days, and a self-report 7-day recall questionnaire was administered at the end of this week. A series of hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to examine the contribution of the model to PA goal intention, implementation intention, self-reported and objective PA.Results:The integrated model accounted for 41% of goal intention, 33% of implementation intention, and 41% and 18% of subjectively and objectively measured PA, respectively. PBC had the strongest association with goal intention whereas attitude had the strongest association with implementation intention. Task-efficacy made the greatest contribution to objectively measured PA, whereas implementation intention had the strongest association with subjectively measured PA.Conclusion:These findings have implications regarding PA measurement in adolescent populations, and suggest that social cognitive variables play an important role in adolescent PA. Recommendations for future research are discussed.

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Predicting Physical Activity Intention and Behavior in School-Age Children

Pediatric Exercise Science ◽

10.1123/pes.20.3.342 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 342-356 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Louise Foley ◽

Harry Prapavessis ◽

Ralph Maddison ◽

Shauna Burke ◽

Erin McGowan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Self Efficacy ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Integrated Model ◽

School Age Children ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

School Aged Children ◽

Efficacy Measures ◽

Objectively Measured ◽

And Behavior

Two studies were conducted to predict physical activity in school-aged children. Study 1 tested the utility of an integrated model in predicting physical activity (PA) intention and behavior—the theory of planned behavior (TPB) and self-efficacy theory. Six hundred and forty-five New Zealand children (aged 11–13 years) completed measures corresponding to the integrated model and a self-reported measure of PA one week later. Perceived behavioral control (PBC) and subjective norm were the two strongest predictors of intentions. Task efficacy and barrier efficacy were the two strongest predictors of PA. A second study (Study 2) was conducted to determine whether the self-efficacy measures could discriminate objectively measured PA levels. Sixty-seven Canadian children (aged 11–13 years) completed task and barrier self-efficacy measures. The following week, children classified as ‘high’ (n = 11) and ‘lower’ (n = 7) for both task and barrier efficacy wore an Actical® monitor for seven consecutive days to provide activity-related energy expenditure (AEE) data. Results showed that children with high efficacy expended significantly greater AEE than their lower efficacious counterparts. Findings from these two studies provide support for the use of self-efficacy interventions as a potentially useful means of increasing PA levels among school-aged children.

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Applying the Theory of Planned Behavior to Physical Activity: The Moderating Role of Mental Toughness

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology ◽

10.1123/jsep.2015-0074 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 37 (5) ◽

pp. 514-522 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Thomas E. Hannan ◽

Robyn L. Moffitt ◽

David L. Neumann ◽

Patrick R. Thomas

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Physical Activity Behavior ◽

Mental Toughness ◽

Future Research ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Moderation Effect ◽

Toughness Index

This study explored whether mental toughness, the capacity to maintain performance under pressure, moderated the relation between physical activity intentions and subsequent behavior. Participants (N = 117) completed the Mental Toughness Index and a theory of planned behavior questionnaire. Seven days later, physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control explained substantial variance (63.1%) in physical activity intentions. Intentions also significantly predicted physical activity behavior. The simple slopes analyses for the moderation effect revealed a nonsignificant intention–behavior relation at low levels of mental toughness. However, intentions were significantly and positively related to physical activity when mental toughness was moderate or high, suggesting that the development of a mentally tough mindset may reduce the gap between behavior and physical activity intention. Future research is needed to confirm these findings and apply them in the design of mental toughness interventions to facilitate physical activity engagement.

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Predicting Decisional Determinants of Physical Activity Among Older Adults: An Integrated Behavior Approach

Journal of Aging and Health ◽

10.1177/08982643211049079 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 089826432110490

Author(s):

Christian E. Preissner ◽

Kathleen Charles ◽

Bärbel Knäuper ◽

Navin Kaushal

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Older Adults ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Social Cognitive ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Autonomous Motivation ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Behavioral Determinants ◽

Past Behavior ◽

Cognitive Determinants

Objectives The present study applied the Integrated Behavior Change Model to investigate how behavioral decisions are predicted, namely, intention, planning, and habits, with respect to physical activity. Methods: Participants were older adults (ages 65+) residing in the U.S. ( N = 667) who completed online measures of behavioral determinants (autonomous motivation, perceived behavioral control, subjective norms, attitudes, intention, habit, and consistency), in addition to past behavior. Results: A structural equation model revealed that intention was predicted by past behavior and social-cognitive determinants. Social cognitive determinants mediated between past behavior and habit, as well as between autonomous motivation and habit. Intention mediated between past behavior and planning. Discussion: This study highlights the importance of multiple processes (social cognitive, habit/automatic, and post-intentional/planning) that formulate physical activity intentions. Mediation pathways revealed the importance of autonomous motivation for establishing intentions and habit. Facilitating these processes among older adults could be effective for promoting physical activity.

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The Mediating Role of Intention and Stages of Change in Physical Activity among Adults with Physical Disabilities: An Integrative Framework

Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology ◽

10.1123/jsep.29.1.21 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 29 (1) ◽

pp. 21-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

Maria Kosma ◽

Rebecca Ellis ◽

Bradley J. Cardinal ◽

Jeremy J. Bauer ◽

Jeffrey A. McCubbin

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Stages Of Change ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Physical Disabilities ◽

Self Report ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Integrative Framework ◽

Mediating Role ◽

Path Analyses

The study’s purpose was to identify the mediating role of intention and the stages of change (SOC) in physical activity (PA) over a 6-month period using two models (Theory of Planned Behavior [TPB] and TPB/SOC). Participants were 143 adults with physical disabilities (70.68% response rate; M age = 46.03). The TPB constructs, SOC (time 1), and PA (time 2) were assessed using standardized self-report questionnaires. Based on path analyses, attitude had the highest effect on intention and SOC followed by perceived behavioral control within both well-fit models. The variance in PA explained by the first (TPB) and second (TPB/SOC) models was 16% and 28% respectively. In the just identified model of TPB/SOC, the direct effect of SOC on physical activity remained strong (γsoc.pa = .45) and SOC approached full mediation through attitude. Health promotion interventions need to include both intention and behavior elements (SOC) reinforcing increased PA value and barrier elimination.

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The Role of Descriptive Norm within the Theory of Planned Behavior in Predicting Korean Americans' Exercise Behavior

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/06.07.pr0.109.4.208-218 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 109 (1) ◽

pp. 208-218 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Hyo Lee

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Theory Of Planned Behavior ◽

Planned Behavior ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Korean Americans ◽

Exercise Behavior ◽

Self Report ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Descriptive Norm ◽

Injunctive Norm

There are few studies investigating psychosocial mechanisms in Korean Americans' exercise behavior. The present study tested the usefulness of the theory of planned behavior in predicting Korean American's exercise behavior and whether the descriptive norm (i.e., perceptions of what others do) improved the predictive validity of the theory of planned behavior. Using a retrospective design and self-report measures, web-survey responses from 198 Korean-American adults were analyzed using hierarchical regression analyses. The theory of planned behavior constructs accounted for 31% of exercise behavior and 43% of exercise intention. Intention and perceived behavioral control were significant predictors of exercise behavior. Although the descriptive norm did not augment the theory of planned behavior, all original constructs—attitude, injunctive norm (a narrow definition of subjective norm), and perceived behavioral control—statistically significantly predicted leisure-time physical activity intention. Future studies should consider random sampling, prospective design, and objective measures of physical activity.

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Affective and cognitive components of students’ attitudes towards communication learning - validation of the Communication Skills Attitude Scale in a cohort of polish medical students

BMC Medical Education ◽

10.1186/s12909-021-02626-7 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Piotr Przymuszała ◽

Magdalena Cerbin-Koczorowska ◽

Patrycja Marciniak-Stępak ◽

Łucja Zielińska-Tomczak ◽

Martyna Piszczek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Communication Skills ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Attitude Scale ◽

Future Research ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Negative Attitudes ◽

Retest Reliability ◽

Cognitive Components ◽

Test Retest Reliability

Abstract Background The Communication Skills Attitude Scale (CSAS) is a recognized tool for assessment of attitudes towards communication learning. In the original version, it consists of 26 items divided on theoretical assumptions into two subscales: Positive and Negative Attitudes Scales. However, the evidence for its structure seems unsatisfactory, and a simple division into positive and negative attitudes may be insufficient to describe attitudes of medical students towards communication learning. Moreover, the existing evidence of the test-retest reliability of the CSAS seems limited. Consequently, this study aimed to provide more evidence on its psychometric properties while validating the CSAS questionnaire in a cohort of Polish medical students. Methods The CSAS was translated, adapted into Polish, and validated in a cohort of 389 Polish medical students. Statistical analysis involved, among others, parallel analysis to determine the number of factors, confirmatory factor analysis to compare the proposed model with theory-based ones, and test-retest reliability analysis. Results Conducted analysis revealed that in the examined population, the CSAS should rather consist of four than two subscales. Proposed four subscales addressed perceived outcomes of communication learning, positive and negative attitudes towards it (affective components), and factors motivating students to learn communication (a cognitive component of attitudes). Results of test-retest reliability were satisfactory for individual items and subscales. Conclusions This study presented a valid and reliable version of the Communication Skills Attitude Scale for Polish medical students and confirmed previous assumptions that CSAS may also be appropriate for assessment of affective and cognitive components of attitudes. Future research should, based on Ajzen’s Theory of Planned Behavior, make attempts to develop a tool assessing not only attitudes but also subjective norms and perceived behavioral control.

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Faktor Yang Mempengaruhi Intensi Masyarakat Menjadi Nasabah Bank Syariah Ditinjau Dari Planned Behaviour Theory (Survei Pada Masyarakat Kota Bekasi)

MASLAHAH (Jurnal Hukum Islam dan Perbankan Syariah) ◽

10.33558/maslahah.v12i1.2631 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 49-59

Author(s):

Asep Sumaryo ◽

Purnama Putra

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Control ◽

Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽

Subjective Norms ◽

Future Research ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

Islamic Banks ◽

The People ◽

Planned Behavior Theory

Indonesia is a country with the largest Muslim population in the world of its 240 million people,88.2% are Muslims. Islamic banks exist because of the public's need for alternative transactions thatare interest-free. However, the growth of Islamic banks in Indonesia is still not optimal, one of thefactors is that people are still not enthusiastic about Islamic banks and the lack of intention of thepeople to become customers of Islamic banks. There are several factors that affect the intention interms of planned behavior theory, namely attitudes, subjective norms and perceptions of behaviorcontrol. So the research aims to determine the effect of attitudes, subjective norms and perceptionsof behavioral control on the intention of the people of Bekasi city to become customers in Islamicbanks. The research method uses multiple linear regression analysis. The data used are the results ofquestionnaires distributed to 12 districts in the city of Bekasi. The sample consisted of 132 people inBekasi city who were taken by using purposive sampling technique. Data were tested partially andsimultaneously. The data is processed using SPSS (Statistical Product and Service Solution) version22. The results of this study show partially that attitude variables have a positive and significant effect,subjective norm variables have a positive and significant effect, behavioral control perceptions have apositive but insignificant effect on intention to become a customer. Islamic Bank. Meanwhile, attitudes,subjective norms and perceived behavioral control simultaneously have a significant positive effect onthe intention to become a customer of Islamic banks. Future research is expected to expand the scopeof research, add variables and other factors and extend the research period.

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The Binding and Blinding Influence of Project Commitment

Information Resources Management Journal ◽

10.4018/irmj.2015010104 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 57-74 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Melinda L. Korzaan ◽

Nita G. Brooks

Keyword(s):

Structural Equation ◽

Affective Commitment ◽

Behavioral Control ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Future Research ◽

Perceived Behavioral Control ◽

It Projects ◽

Continuance Commitment ◽

It Project ◽

Survey Responses

Proper management of information technology (IT) projects remains important within organizations; they require tremendous investment and consume valuable resources. To enhance one's understanding of IT projects and the continued issue of project failure, this study develops a model of the psychological influences of IT project commitment for individuals working on IT projects and its influence on intentions to continue an IT project (ICITP). Survey responses from 232 individuals across several organizations were obtained, and structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. Three forms of project commitment (affective, continuance, and normative), subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control – internal were significant predictors of ICITP, explaining 64% of the variance. Additionally, continuance commitment and perceived behavioral control – internal were found to explain 46% of the variance in affective commitment. Implications and directions for future research are provided.

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Exploring Potential Mediation Pathways on the Relationship Between Acculturation and Body Mass Index (BMI) Among Latino Adolescents

Hispanic Health Care International ◽

10.1177/15404153211029893 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 154041532110298

Author(s):

Christopher Johansen ◽

Kim D. Reynolds ◽

Bin Xie ◽

Paula Palmer

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Sedentary Behavior ◽

Body Mass ◽

Self Report ◽

Latino Adolescents ◽

Future Research ◽

Public High Schools ◽

Multiple Mediation ◽

The Relationship

Background: Positive associations have been observed between acculturation and body mass index (BMI), but the mediators of this relationship are not well established. Acculturation researchers have called for investigating the influence of socio-contextual variables as mediators. The objective of this study was to test the mediating effects of salty snacks, sweet snacks, physical activity, and sedentary behavior on the relationship between acculturation and BMI among Latino adolescents. Methods: Adolescents who self-identified as Latino ( n = 431) at public high schools in Southern California were recruited and completed a self-report survey. A bootstrapped multiple mediation model was used to test mediation pathways. Results: Acculturation was positively associated with physical activity ( B = 0.09, p < .05). The indirect effects of salty snacks, sweet snacks, physical activity, and sedentary behavior were not associated with BMI, suggesting no mediation. Conclusions: Future research should examine additional mediating variables on the relationship between acculturation and BMI.

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