Detection and Quantification of 7-Hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone Epimers in Three Body Fluids

2002 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Hampl ◽  
Martin Hill ◽  
Luboslav Stárka
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Body Fluids ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Specific Radioimmunoassay ◽  
Order Of Magnitude ◽  
Three Body ◽  
First Time ◽  
Nanomolar Range ◽  
Detection And Quantification

3β,7α-Dihydroxyandrost-5-en-17-one (1) (7α-OH-DHEA) and its 7β-hydroxy epimer 2 (7β-OH-DHEA) - 7α- and 7β-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone - were detected and quantified in three human body fluids: in blood serum, saliva and ejaculate. Specific radioimmunoassay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry have been used. For the first time the data on changes of these dehydroepiandrosterone metabolites are reported for a representative group of healthy subjects of both sexes (172 females and 217 males) during the life span. The serum levels of both 7-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone epimers in serum and also in semen were in the low nanomolar range, while concentrations by one order of magnitude lower were found in saliva, but still within the detection limit. The results will serve as a basis for comparative studies of 7-hydroxydehydroepiandrosterone levels under various pathophysiological conditions, with a particular respect to autoimmune disorders.

Serum 3'-monoiodothyronine levels in normal subjects and in patients with thyroid and non-thyroid disease

1981 ◽  
Vol 97 (4) ◽  
pp. 454-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Kirkegaard ◽  
J. Faber ◽  
D. Cohn ◽  
K. Kølendorf ◽  
H. Francis Thomsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Endogenous Depression ◽  
Lower Detection Limit ◽  
Specific Radioimmunoassay ◽  
Lower Detection ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hypothyroid Patients ◽  
Hyperthyroid Patients

Abstract. Serum 3'-monoiodothyronine (3'-T1) levels were estimated by means of a specific radioimmunoassay (RIA) preceded by an ethanol extraction. The recovery of 3'-T1 was in mean (± sem) 110 ± 9%, and the lower detection limit was 23 pmol/l. Serum levels of 3'-T1 in 34 euthyroid healthy subjects were (median (range)) 55 pmol/l (<23-168 pmol/l), in 13 hyperthyroid patients 133 pmol/l (70-265 pmol/l) (P < 0.01) and in 13 hypothyroid patients <23 pmol/l (<23-68 pmol/l) (P <0.01). In 11 patients with chronic renal failure serum 3'-T1 levels were highly increased 285 pmol/l (115-1538 pmol/l) (P < 0.01) and correlated inversely to creatinine clearance (R = −0.68, P < 0.05). In patients with liver cirrhosis serum 3'-T1 levels were unaffected, whereas in 19 patients with endogenous depression studied before and after recovery from the depression serum levels decreased from 70 pmol/l (< 23-248 pmol/l) to 30 pmol/l (<23-95 pmol/l (P < 0.01). Administration of propranolol 40 mg b. i. d. for 2 weeks did not affect serum 3'-T1 levels. The study shows that 3'-T1 is present in serum from euthyroid man and varies with thyroid function. Further, it is suggested that 3'-T1 in contrast to other iodothyronines primarily is eliminated by the kidneys.

scholarly journals Serum Prokineticin-2 in Prepubertal and Adult Klinefelter Individuals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Fiore ◽  
Luigi Tarani ◽  
Antonio Radicioni ◽  
Matteo Spaziani ◽  
Giampiero Ferraguti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Chronological Age ◽  
Small Peptide ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Prokineticin 2 ◽  
Reproductive Processes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Primary Gonadal Failure ◽  
Gonadal Failure

The prokineticin-2 (PROK2) is a small peptide belonging to the prokineticin family. In humans and rodents this chemokine is primarily involved in the control of central and peripheral reproductive processes. Klinefelter's syndrome (KS) is the first cause of male genetic infertility, due to an extra X chromosome, which may occur with a classical karyotype (47, XXY) or mosaic forms (46, XY/47, XXY). In affected subjects, pubertal maturation usually begins at an adequate chronological age, but when development is almost complete, they display a primary gonadal failure, with early spermatogenesis damage, and later onset of testosterone insufficiency. Thus, the main aim of the present study was to investigate the serum levels of PROK2 in prepubertal and adult KS patients, comparing them with healthy subjects. We showed for the first time the presence of PROK2 in the children serum but with significant changes in KS individuals. Indeed, compared to healthy subjects characterized by PROK2 serum elevation during the growth, KS individuals showed constant serum levels during the sexual maturation phase (higher during the prepubertal phase but lower during the adult age). In conclusion, these data indicate that in KS individuals PROK2 may be considered a biomarker for investigating the SK infertility process.

scholarly journals Lipocalin 2 serum levels correlate with age and bone turnover biomarkers in healthy subjects but not in postmenopausal osteoporotic women

Bone Reports ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 101059
Author(s):  
Antonio Maurizi ◽  
Marco Ponzetti ◽  
Kaare M. Gautvik ◽  
Sjur Reppe ◽  
Anna Teti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Turnover ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Lipocalin 2 ◽  
Bone Turnover Biomarkers

scholarly journals Untargeted Plasma Metabolomics Unravels a Metabolic Signature for Tissue Sensitivity to Glucocorticoids in Healthy Subjects: Its Implications in Dietary Planning for a Healthy Lifestyle

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2120
Author(s):  
Nicolas C. Nicolaides ◽  
Maria-Konstantina Ioannidi ◽  
Eleni Koniari ◽  
Ifigeneia Papageorgiou ◽  
Anastasia Bartzeliotou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Polyol Pathway ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Glucocorticoid Sensitivity ◽  
Metabolic Signature ◽  
Resistant Group ◽  
One Carbon Metabolism

In clinical practice, differences in glucocorticoid sensitivity among healthy subjects may influence the outcome and any adverse effects of glucocorticoid therapy. Thus, a fast and accurate methodology that could enable the classification of individuals based on their tissue glucocorticoid sensitivity would be of value. We investigated the usefulness of untargeted plasma metabolomics in identifying a panel of metabolites to distinguish glucocorticoid-resistant from glucocorticoid-sensitive healthy subjects who do not carry mutations in the human glucocorticoid receptor (NR3C1) gene. Applying a published methodology designed for the study of glucocorticoid sensitivity in healthy adults, 101 healthy subjects were ranked according to their tissue glucocorticoid sensitivity based on 8:00 a.m. serum cortisol concentrations following a very low-dose dexamethasone suppression test. Ten percent of the cohort, i.e., 11 participants, on each side of the ranking, with no NR3C1 mutations or polymorphisms, were selected, respectively, as the most glucocorticoid-sensitive and most glucocorticoid-resistant of the cohort to be analyzed and compared with untargeted blood plasma metabolomics using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The acquired metabolic profiles were evaluated using multivariate statistical analysis methods. Nineteen metabolites were identified with significantly lower abundance in the most sensitive compared to the most resistant group of the cohort, including fatty acids, sugar alcohols, and serine/threonine metabolism intermediates. These results, combined with a higher glucose, sorbitol, and lactate abundance, suggest a higher Cori cycle, polyol pathway, and inter-tissue one-carbon metabolism rate and a lower fat mobilization rate at the fasting state in the most sensitive compared to the most resistant group. In fact, this was the first study correlating tissue glucocorticoid sensitivity with serine/threonine metabolism. Overall, the observed metabolic signature in this cohort implies a worse cardiometabolic profile in the most glucocorticoid-sensitive compared to the most glucocorticoid-resistant healthy subjects. These findings offer a metabolic signature that distinguishes most glucocorticoid-sensitive from most glucocorticoid-resistant healthy subjects to be further validated in larger cohorts. Moreover, they support the correlation of tissue glucocorticoid sensitivity with insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome-associated pathways, further emphasizing the need for nutritionists and doctors to consider the tissue glucocorticoid sensitivity in dietary and exercise planning, particularly when these subjects are to be treated with glucocorticoids.

scholarly journals The Effect of Bilateral Nephrectomy on Renalase and Catecholamines in Hemodialysis Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6282
Author(s):  
Magda Wiśniewska ◽  
Natalia Serwin ◽  
Violetta Dziedziejko ◽  
Małgorzata Marchelek-Myśliwiec ◽  
Barbara Dołęgowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Pressure Regulation ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Activity ◽  
Normal Kidney ◽  
Bilateral Nephrectomy ◽  
Arterial Blood

Background/Aims: Renalase is an enzyme with monoamine oxidase activity that metabolizes catecholamines; therefore, it has a significant influence on arterial blood pressure regulation and the development of cardiovascular diseases. Renalase is mainly produced in the kidneys. Nephrectomy and hemodialysis (HD) may alter the production and metabolism of renalase. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of bilateral nephrectomy on renalase levels in the serum and erythrocytes of hemodialysis patients. Methods: This study included 27 hemodialysis patients post-bilateral nephrectomy, 46 hemodialysis patients without nephrectomy but with chronic kidney disease and anuria and 30 healthy subjects with normal kidney function. Renalase levels in the serum and erythrocytes were measured using an ELISA kit. Results: Serum concentrations of renalase were significantly higher in post-bilateral nephrectomy patients when compared with those of control subjects (101.1 ± 65.5 vs. 19.6 ± 5.0; p < 0.01). Additionally, renalase concentrations, calculated per gram of hemoglobin, were significantly higher in patients after bilateral nephrectomy in comparison with those of healthy subjects (994.9 ± 345.5 vs. 697.6 ± 273.4, p = 0.015). There were no statistically significant differences in plasma concentrations of noradrenaline or adrenaline. In contrast, the concentration of dopamine was significantly lower in post-nephrectomy patients when compared with those of healthy subjects (116.8 ± 147.7 vs. 440.9 ± 343.2, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Increased serum levels of renalase in post-bilateral nephrectomy hemodialysis patients are likely related to production in extra-renal organs as a result of changes in the cardiovascular system and hypertension.

scholarly journals Histochemical and Phytochemical Analysis of Lamium album subsp. album L. Corolla: Essential Oil, Triterpenes, and Iridoids

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (14) ◽  
pp. 4166
Author(s):  
Agata Konarska ◽  
Elżbieta Weryszko-Chmielewska ◽  
Anna Matysik-Woźniak ◽  
Aneta Sulborska ◽  
Beata Polak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Oil ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Glandular Trichomes ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Lipophilic Compounds ◽  
Histochemical Tests ◽  
Microscopy Techniques ◽  
Trichome Types ◽  
First Time

The aim of this study was to conduct a histochemical analysis to localize lipids, terpenes, essential oil, and iridoids in the trichomes of the L. album subsp. album corolla. Morphometric examinations of individual trichome types were performed. Light and scanning electron microscopy techniques were used to show the micromorphology and localization of lipophilic compounds and iridoids in secretory trichomes with the use of histochemical tests. Additionally, the content of essential oil and its components were determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Qualitative analyses of triterpenes carried out using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) coupled with densitometric detection, and the iridoid content expressed as aucubin was examined with spectrophotometric techniques. We showed the presence of iridoids and different lipophilic compounds in papillae and glandular and non-glandular trichomes. On average, the flowers of L. album subsp. album yielded 0.04 mL/kg of essential oil, which was dominated by aldehydes, sesquiterpenes, and alkanes. The extract of the L. album subsp. album corolla contained 1.5 × 10−3 ± 4.3 × 10−4 mg/mL of iridoid aucubin and three triterpenes: oleanolic acid, β-amyrin, and β-amyrin acetate. Aucubin and β-amyrin acetate were detected for the first time. We suggest the use of L. album subsp. album flowers as supplements in human nutrition.

Methylphenidate reduces orienting bias in healthy individuals

2021 ◽  
pp. 026988112199688
Author(s):  
Leehe Peled-Avron ◽  
Hagar Gelbard Goren ◽  
Noa Brande-Eilat ◽  
Shirel Dorman-Ilan ◽  
Aviv Segev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Asymmetric Effect ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Spatial Orienting ◽  
Individual Trait ◽  
Neurological Patients ◽  
Dopamine Signaling ◽  
First Time ◽  
Neural Effect

Background: Healthy individuals show subtle orienting bias, a phenomenon known as pseudoneglect, reflected in a tendency to direct greater attention toward one hemispace. Accumulating evidence indicates that this bias is an individual trait, and attention is preferentially directed contralaterally to the hemisphere with higher dopamine signaling. Administration of methylphenidate (MPH), a dopamine transporter inhibitor, was shown to normalize aberrant spatial attention bias in psychiatric and neurological patients, suggesting that the reduced orienting bias following administration of MPH reflects an asymmetric effect of the drug, increasing extracellular dopamine in the hemisphere with lower dopamine signaling. Aim: We predicted that, similarly to its effect on patients with brain pathology, MPH will reduce the orienting bias in healthy subjects. Methods: To test this hypothesis, we examined the behavioral effects of a single dose (20 mg) of MPH on orienting bias in 36 healthy subjects (18 females) in a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled, within-subject design, using the greyscales task, which has been shown to detect subtle attentional biases in both patients and healthy individuals. Results/outcomes: Results demonstrate that healthy individuals vary in both direction and magnitude of spatial orienting bias and show reduced magnitude of orienting bias following MPH administration, regardless of the initial direction of asymmetry. Conclusions/interpretations: Our findings reveal, for the first time in healthy subjects, that MPH decreases spatial orienting bias in an asymmetric manner. Given the well-documented association between orienting bias and asymmetric dopamine signaling, these findings also suggest that MPH might exert a possible asymmetric neural effect in the healthy brain.

scholarly journals The holding temperature of blood during a delay to processing can affect serum and plasma protein measurements

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milton Ashworth ◽  
Benjamin Small ◽  
Lucy Oldfield ◽  
Anthony Evans ◽  
William Greenhalf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Data Interpretation ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Associated Proteins ◽  
Holding Temperature ◽  
Pai 1 ◽  
Meaningful Data

AbstractAccurate blood-borne biomarkers are sought for diagnosis, prognosis and treatment stratification. Consistent handling of blood is essential for meaningful data interpretation, however, delays during processing are occasionally unavoidable. We investigated the effects of immediately placing blood samples on ice versus room temperature for 1 h (reference protocol), and holding samples on ice versus room temperature during a 3 h delay to processing. Using Luminex multi-plex assays to assess cytokines (n = 29) and diabetes-associated proteins (n = 15) in healthy subjects, we observed that placing blood samples immediately on ice decreased the serum levels of several cytokines, including PAI-1, MIP1-β, IL-9, RANTES and IL-8. During a delay to processing, some analytes, e.g. leptin and insulin, showed little change in serum or plasma values. However, for approximately half of the analytes studied, a delay, regardless of the holding temperature, altered the measured levels compared to the reference protocol. Effects differed between serum and plasma and for some analytes the direction of change in level varied across individuals. The optimal holding temperature for samples during a delay was analyte-specific. In conclusion, deviations from protocol can lead to significant changes in blood analyte levels. Where possible, protocols for blood handling should be pre-determined in an analyte-specific manner.

scholarly journals A high-throughput and sensitive methodology for the quantification of urinary 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine: measurement with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry after single solid-phase extraction

2004 ◽  
Vol 380 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai-Shu LIN ◽  
Andrew M. JENNER ◽  
Choon Nam ONG ◽  
Shan Hong HUANG ◽  
Matthew WHITEMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Large Population ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Wide Range

8-Hydroxy-2´-deoxyguanosine (8OHdG) is a widely used biomarker for the measurement of endogenous oxidative DNA damage. A sensitive method for the quantification of 8OHdG in urine by single solid-phase extraction and GC-MS (gas chromatography with MS detection) using selective ion monitoring is described in the present study. After solid-phase extraction, samples are freeze-dried, derivatized by trimethylsilylation and analysed by GC-MS. The urinary 8OHdG was quantified using heavy isotope dilution with [18O]8OHdG. The recovery of 8OHdG after the solid-phase extraction ranged from 70 to 80% for a wide range of urinary 8OHdG levels. Using 1 ml of urine, the limit of quantification was >2.5 nM (2.5 pmol/ml) and the calibration curve was linear in the range 2.5–200 nM. This method was applied to measure 8OHdG in urine samples from 12 healthy subjects. The intra- and inter-day variations were <9%. Urinary 8OHdG levels in spot urine samples from four healthy subjects were also measured for 1 week and, again, the variation was small. The presence of H2O2 in urine did not cause artifactual formation of 8OHdG. Since this assay is simple, rapid, sensitive and reproducible, it seems suitable to be used as a routine methodology for the measurement of urinary excretion of 8OHdG in large population studies.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document