scholarly journals Effect of Electroacupuncture on the Expression of Agrin and Acetylcholine Receptor Subtypes in Rats with Tibialis Anterior Muscular Atrophy Induced by Sciatic Nerve Injection Injury

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianqi Yu ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
Junying Liu ◽  
Xiaoming Zhang ◽  
Shengbo Yang
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Muscle Fibre ◽  
Acetylcholine Receptor ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Receptor Subtypes ◽  
Injection Injury

Objective To investigate the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on mRNA and protein expression of agrin, acetylcholine receptor (AChR)-ε and AChR-γ in a rat model of tibialis anterior muscle atrophy induced by sciatic nerve injection injury, and to examine the underlying mechanism of action. Methods Fifty-four adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: healthy control group (CON, n=6); sciatic nerve injury group (SNI, n=24), comprising rats euthanased at 1, 2, 4 and 6 weeks, respectively, after penicillin injection-induced SNI (n=6 each); CON+EA group (n=12), comprising healthy rats euthanased at 4 and 6 weeks (after 2 and 4 weeks, respectively, of EA at GB30 and ST36); and SNI+EA group, comprising rats euthanased at 4 and 6 weeks (after 2 and 4 weeks, respectively, of EA). The sciatic nerve functional index (SFI), tibialis anterior muscle weight, muscle fibre cross-sectional area (CSA), and changes in agrin, AChR-ε, and AChR-γ expression levels were analysed. Results Compared with the control group (CON), SNI rats showed decreased SFI. The weight of the tibialis anterior muscle and muscle fibre CSA decreased initially and recovered slightly over time. mRNA/protein expression of agrin and AChR-ε were downregulated and AChR-γ expression was detectable (vs zero expression in the CON/CON+EA groups). There were no significant differences in CON+EA versus CON groups. However, the SNI+EA group exhibited significant improvements compared with the untreated SNI group (p<0.05). Conclusions EA may alleviate tibialis anterior muscle atrophy induced by sciatic nerve injection injury by upregulating agrin and AChR-ε and downregulating AChR-γ.

Structure of the cortical cytoskeleton in fibers of postural muscles and cardiomyocytes of mice after 30-day 2-g centrifugation

2015 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. 613-623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina V. Ogneva ◽  
V. Gnyubkin ◽  
N. Laroche ◽  
M. V. Maximova ◽  
I. M. Larina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Mechanical Load ◽  
Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Transverse Stiffness ◽  
G 12 ◽  
Cortical Cytoskeleton

Altered external mechanical loading during spaceflights causes negative effects on muscular and cardiovascular systems. The aim of the study was estimation of the cortical cytoskeleton statement of the skeletal muscle cells and cardiomyocytes. The state of the cortical cytoskeleton in C57BL6J mice soleus, tibialis anterior muscle fibers, and left ventricle cardiomyocytes was investigated after 30-day 2- g centrifugation (“2- g” group) and within 12 h after its completion (“2- g + 12-h” group). We used atomic force microscopy for estimating cell's transverse stiffness, Western blotting for measuring protein content, and RT-PCR for estimating their expression level. The transverse stiffness significantly decreased in cardiomyocytes (by 16%) and increased in skeletal muscles fibers (by 35% for soleus and by 29% for tibialis anterior muscle fibers) in animals of the 2-g group (compared with the control group). For cardiomyocytes, we found that, in the 2- g + 12-h group, α-actinin-1 content decreased in the membranous fraction (by 27%) and increased in cytoplasmic fraction (by 28%) of proteins (compared with the levels in the 2- g group). But for skeletal muscle fibers, similar changes were noted for α-actinin-4, but not for α-actinin-1. In conclusion, we showed that the different isoforms of α-actinins dissociate from cortical cytoskeleton under increased/decreased of mechanical load.

scholarly journals Imobilização articular: efeitos sobre o tecido muscular de camundongos obesos e desnutridos

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renato Rissi ◽  
George Azevedo Lemos ◽  
Bernardo Neme Ide ◽  
Rafael Ludemann Camargo ◽  
Renato Chaves Souto Branco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Adhesive Tape ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Histomorphometric Analysis ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Malnourished Group

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n1p1 Although it is a widely used resource for the treatment of musculoskeletal injuries, immobilization causes deleterious effects in muscle tissue after a short period of time. This study aimed to evaluate the gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior muscles of obese and protein malnourished animals under joint immobilization condition. Overall, 28 adult male mice were used (C57 / BL6), being divided into four groups (N = 7): Control Group (CG), Immobilized Control Group (ICG), Immobilized Obese Group (IOG) and Immobilized Malnourished Group (IMG). The immobilization protocol was performed by the use of adhesive tape and plaster. The conditions and obesity and protein malnutrition have been developed through the ingestion of diets specific for each group of animals. The histomorphometric analysis of muscles evaluated area and the diameter of muscle fibers. All immobilized groups showed reduction in the area and diameter of muscle fibers when compared to GC. Comparisons among immobilized groups showed that the area and diameter of muscle fibers of IOG and IMG were lower than ICG. The immobilization protocol caused reduction in muscle trophism in animals, and obese and malnourished animals suffered high losses under condition of muscle atrophy. 

Properties of the tibialis anterior muscle after treatment with laser therapy and natural latex protein following sciatic nerve crush

2015 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 869-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenia Lemos Muniz ◽  
Fernando José Dias ◽  
Joaquim Coutinho-Netto ◽  
Ricardo Alexandre Junqueira Calzzani ◽  
Mamie Mizusaki Iyomasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽  
Sciatic Nerve Crush ◽  
Nerve Crush

The worsening of tibialis anterior muscle atrophy during recovery post-immobilization correlates with enhanced connective tissue area, proteolysis, and apoptosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (11) ◽  
pp. E1335-E1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lamia Slimani ◽  
Didier Micol ◽  
Julien Amat ◽  
Geoffrey Delcros ◽  
Bruno Meunier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Muscle Atrophy ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Fiber Type ◽  
Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Extracellular Compartment ◽  
Nuclear Apoptosis

Sustained muscle wasting due to immobilization leads to weakening and severe metabolic consequences. The mechanisms responsible for muscle recovery after immobilization are poorly defined. Muscle atrophy induced by immobilization worsened in the lengthened tibialis anterior (TA) muscle but not in the shortened gastrocnemius muscle. Here, we investigated some mechanisms responsible for this differential response. Adult rats were subjected to unilateral hindlimb casting for 8 days (I8). Casts were removed at I8, and animals were allowed to recover for 10 days (R1 to R10). The worsening of TA atrophy following immobilization occurred immediately after cast removal at R1 and was sustained until R10. This atrophy correlated with a decrease in type IIb myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform and an increase in type IIx, IIa, and I isoforms, with muscle connective tissue thickening, and with increased collagen (Col) I mRNA levels. Increased Col XII, Col IV, and Col XVIII mRNA levels during TA immobilization normalized at R6. Sustained enhanced peptidase activities of the proteasome and apoptosome activity contributed to the catabolic response during the studied recovery period. Finally, increased nuclear apoptosis prevailed only in the connective tissue compartment of the TA. Altogether, the worsening of the TA atrophy pending immediate reloading reflects a major remodeling of its fiber type properties and alterations in the structure/composition of the extracellular compartment that may influence its elasticity/stiffness. The data suggest that sustained enhanced ubiquitin-proteasome-dependent proteolysis and apoptosis are important for these adaptations and provide some rationale for explaining the atrophy of reloaded muscles pending immobilization in a lengthened position.

Spectral Analysis of Heart Rate Variability during Trigger Point Acupuncture

2014 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoji Kitagawa ◽  
Kenichi Kimura ◽  
Sohei Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Trigger Point ◽  
Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽  
Trigger Points ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Right

Objectives To clarify changes in the cardiovascular autonomic nervous system function due to trigger point acupuncture, we evaluated differences in responses between acupuncture at trigger points and those at other sites using spectral analysis of heart rate variability. Methods Subjects were 35 healthy men. Before measurements began the subjects were assigned to a trigger point acupuncture or control group based on the presence/absence of referred pain on applying pressure to a taut band within the right tibialis anterior muscle. The measurements were conducted in a room with a temperature of 25°C, with subjects in a long sitting position after 10 min rest. Acupuncture needles were retained for 10 min at two sites on the right tibialis anterior muscle. ECG was performed simultaneously with measurements of blood pressure and the respiratory cycle. Based on the R–R interval on the ECG, frequency analysis was performed, low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) components were extracted and the ratio of LF to HF components (LF/HF) was evaluated. Results The trigger point acupuncture group showed a transient decrease in heart rate and an increase in the HF component but no significant changes in LF/HF. In the control group, no significant changes were observed in heart rate, the HF component or LF/HF. There were no consistent changes in systolic or diastolic blood pressure in either group. Conclusions These data suggest that acupuncture stimulation of trigger points of the tibialis anterior muscle transiently increases parasympathetic nerve activity.

scholarly journals Effects of 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin on the Myelin Morphological Changes and PSD-95 Protein Expression in Balb/c Mice after Sciatic Nerve Injury

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Cao ◽  
Limin Zhang ◽  
Jinlong Li ◽  
Hui Leng
Keyword(s):  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Nerve Injury ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Sciatic Nerve Injury ◽  
Dose Effect ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Effect Relationship ◽  
Injured Nerve

AbstractTo investigate the effects of 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin on the myelin morphological changes and PSD-95 protein expression in mice with sciatic nerve injury, and to explore the relationship between PSD-95 protein and myelin regeneration after nerve myelin injury. 127 male adult Balb/c mice were selected and randomly divided into high, medium and low 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin dose groups and blank control group. Anastomosis was then carried out for the amputated right sciatic nerve, and intraperitoneal injection of 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin was applied postoperatively. At weeks 1, 2, 4 and 8 after surgery, nervous tissues from the injury side were taken for immunohistochemical Luxol Fast Blue (LFB) staining, so as to observe the morphological changes of the locally injured nerve myelin. Meanwhile, PSD-95 mRNA and protein expression were determined using real-time PCR and western blotting. The nerve myelin recovery in injury side of mice at all time points showed a definite dose-effect relationship with the dose of 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin. Moreover, 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin could inhibit the PSD-95 mRNA level and protein expression. At the same time, there was a dose-effect of the inhibition. 7,8-dihydroxycoumarin can affect nerve recovery in mice with sciatic nerve injury, which shows a definite dose-effect relationship with its dose. Besides, PSD-95 protein expression can suppress the regeneration of the injured nerve myelin.

scholarly journals Age Dependent Modification of the Metabolic Profile of the Tibialis Anterior Muscle Fibers in C57BL/6J Mice

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 3923
Author(s):  
Emiliana Giacomello ◽  
Emanuela Crea ◽  
Lucio Torelli ◽  
Alberta Bergamo ◽  
Carlo Reggiani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Oxidative Capacity ◽  
Essential Information ◽  
Metabolic Properties ◽  
Architectural Organization

Skeletal muscle aging is accompanied by mass reduction and functional decline, as a result of multiple factors, such as protein expression, morphology of organelles, metabolic equilibria, and neural communication. Skeletal muscles are formed by multiple fibers that express different Myosin Heavy Chains (MyHCs) and have different metabolic properties and different blood supply, with the purpose to adapt their contraction to the functional need. The fine interplay between the different fibers composing a muscle and its architectural organization determine its functional properties. Immunohistochemical and histochemical analyses of the skeletal muscle tissue, besides evidencing morphological characteristics, allow for the precise determination of protein expression and metabolic properties, providing essential information at the single-fiber level. Aiming to gain further knowledge on the influence of aging on skeletal muscles, we investigated the expression of the MyHCs, the Succinate Dehydrogenase (SDH) activity, and the presence of capillaries and Tubular Aggregates (TAs) in the tibialis anterior muscles of physiologically aging C57BL/6J mice aged 8 (adult), 18 (middle aged), and 24 months (old). We observed an increase of type-IIB fast-contracting fibers, an increase of the oxidative capacity of type-IIX and -IIA fibers, a general decrease of the capillarization, and the onset of TAs in type-IIB fibers. These data suggest that aging entails a selective modification of the muscle fiber profiles.

Nerve function in experimental diabetes in rats: effects of electrical stimulation

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (2) ◽  
pp. E161-E166 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. E. Cameron ◽  
M. A. Cotter ◽  
S. Robertson ◽  
E. K. Maxfield
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Sciatic Nerve ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽  
Vascular Supply ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Nerve Blood Flow ◽  
Nerve Branch ◽  
Chronic Stimulation ◽  
Implanted Electrodes

The effects of unilateral electrical stimulation of the peroneal sciatic nerve branch were studied in streptozocin-diabetic rats of 12-wk duration. Stimulation was carried out over 7 days (10 Hz, 8 h/day) with chronically implanted electrodes. Compared with controls, there was a 25% conduction velocity (CV) deficit for the peroneal nerve supplying tibialis anterior muscle in the unstimulated leg, which was corrected by stimulation. For tibial fibers supplying soleus muscle, a similar diabetic CV deficit (20%) was normalized by stimulation, although soleus axons were not directly activated. In saphenous nerve, which has a functionally separate vascular supply, peroneal stimulation was ineffective. In anesthetized diabetic rats, stimulation caused an 18% reduction in tibialis anterior CV after 4 h. However, serial measurements showed progressive normalization of CV over 4 days of stimulation. On termination, CV returned to diabetic levels over 36–60 h. Sciatic nerve showed a 70% increase in resistance to hypoxic conduction failure with diabetes, which was halved by chronic stimulation. Acute experiments demonstrated that peroneal stimulation increased sciatic vascular conductance by 60%. We conclude that stimulation causes activity-related improvements in diabetic nerve blood flow and metabolism.

scholarly journals Impacts of a lower limb exoskeleton robot on the muscle strength of tibialis anterior muscle in stroke patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 185 ◽  
pp. 03036
Author(s):  
Jiyu Zhang ◽  
Tian Wang ◽  
Qingyu Zhao ◽  
Shichao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Tibialis Anterior ◽  
Tibialis Anterior Muscle ◽  
Attractive Potential ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
Lower Limb Exoskeleton ◽  
Exoskeleton Robot ◽  
Robot Group

This work aims to explore the impact of a proposed lower limb exoskeleton robot on the muscle strength of the tibialis anterior muscle in stroke patients. Firstly, 24 patients with stroke hemiplegia were divided into the robot group and the control group according to a random number table. Both groups received conventional rehabilitation treatments. Moreover, the robot group took the walking training with UG0210, a lower limb exoskeleton walking rehabilitation device developed by the Hangzhou RoboCT Technology Development Co., Ltd., once per day, 30 minutes per time, a total of 20 times of treatment. The control group took the conventional rehabilitation walking training, once per day, 30 mins per time, a total of 20 times of treatment. At the beginning of the trial, the manual muscle strength test (MMT) was used to assess the pre-trial muscle strength within the trial cycle. The efficacy of the two groups was compared. Results The muscle strength of the tibialis anterior muscle was higher than that without treatments in both groups (P<0.05). The curative effect of the robot group was better than that of the control group (P<0.05). Conclusions With the help of the designed lower limb exoskeleton robot, both tibialis anterior muscle strength and lower limb motor function of stroke patients were improved compared to the control group. The comparison shows the attractive potential and value of the robot assisted rehabilitation.

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