scholarly journals AB0226 USING 3 TESLA MRI WITH A HIGH-RESOLUTION 16-CHANNEL HAND COIL TO DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN RHEUMATOID AND PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS: A PILOT STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1412.3-1413
Author(s):  
P. Sewerin ◽  
D. Abrar ◽  
A. Lautwein ◽  
S. Vordenbäumen ◽  
R. Brinks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Fat Saturation ◽  
3T Mri ◽  
Deutschland Gmbh ◽  
Bone Edema ◽  
Inflammatory Changes ◽  
Flexor Tenosynovitis

Background:The differentiation between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is sometimes a challenge for rheumatologists in daily clinical practice. Imaging techniques such as MRI could be a helpful tool for this purpose.Objectives:To examine the value of 3 Tesla (T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with a high-resolution 16-channel hand coil for the differentiation between RA and PsA.Methods:A total of 17 patients with active PsA and 27 patients with active RA were evaluated by 3T MRI. Images were analyzed by three readers according to the outcome measures for RA clinical trials (OMERACT) and RA and PsA MRI scores for the presence and intensity of the following MRI features: synovitis, flexor tenosynovitis, bone edema, bone erosion, periarticular inflammation, bone proliferation, and joint space narrowing. A receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve was established for a calculated prediction model comprising age, gender, and the imaging features ‘periarticular inflammation’ and ‘erosion’ of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of the 5th finger.Results:PsA could be differentiated from RA by extracapsular inflammatory changes (PsAMRIS sub-score ‘periarticular inflammation’), with a minimal odds ratio (OR) for the outcome ‘not RA’ of 0.06 (p< 0.01) at all MCP joints. The calculated ROC curve had an area under the curve (AUC) of 98.1%.Conclusion:3T MRI showed a strong association of extracapsular inflammatory changes with PsA at the MCP joint level, and consequently allowed differentiation between PsA and RA.Figure 1.Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve with different thresholds for the calculated prediction model for the outcome RA. Area under the curve (AUC) = 98.1%.Figure 2.51-year-old female patient with PsA. MR images show flexor tenosynovitis (FS), synovitis (Syn), and periarticular inflammation (PI). A. Sagittal PD fat-saturation of D5. PI at the volar and dorsal aspects at the MCP, PIP, and DIP levels. FS at the PIP and DIP joint levels. Black asterisks indicate PI. Black arrow points to FS. B. Coronal STIR with bone edema (BE) at the proximal portion of PIP3 and 5 accompanied by PI at PIP3 and MCP, PIP and DIP5. Asterisks indicate BE. Arrowheads point to PI. C. Transversal T2 fat-saturation with FS and PI at MCP5. Arrowhead indicates FS, arrow points to volar PI. D. Transversal T1 fat-saturation following iv contrast, with FS and PI at MCP5. Arrowhead indicates FS, arrows points to volar PI.Disclosure of Interests:Philipp Sewerin Grant/research support from: AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KGBristol-Myers Squibb Celgene GmbHLilly Deutschland GmbHNovartis Pharma GmbH Pfizer Deutschland GmbHRheumazentrum Rhein-Ruhr, Consultant of: AMGEN GmbH AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Biogen GmbHBristol-Myers Squibb Celgene GmbH Chugai Pharma arketing Ltd. / Chugai Europe GmbHHexal Pharma Janssen-CilagGmbH Johnson & Johnson Deutschland GmbHLilly Deutschland GmbH / Lilly Europe / Lilly Global Novartis Pharma GmbH Pfizer Deutschland GmbH Roche Pharma Rheumazentrum Rhein-Ruhr Sanofi-Genzyme Deutschland GmbH Swedish Orphan Biovitrum GmbH UCB Pharma GmbH, Speakers bureau: AMGEN GmbH AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Biogen GmbHBristol-Myers Squibb Celgene GmbH Chugai Pharma arketing Ltd. / Chugai Europe GmbHHexal Pharma Janssen-CilagGmbH Johnson & Johnson Deutschland GmbHLilly Deutschland GmbH / Lilly Europe / Lilly Global Novartis Pharma GmbH Pfizer Deutschland GmbH Roche Pharma Rheumazentrum Rhein-Ruhr Sanofi-Genzyme Deutschland GmbH Swedish Orphan Biovitrum GmbH UCB Pharma GmbH, Daniel Abrar: None declared, Alexander Lautwein: None declared, Stefan Vordenbäumen: None declared, Ralph Brinks: None declared, Christine Goertz: None declared, Miriam Frenken: None declared, Matthias Schneider Grant/research support from: GSK, UCB, Abbvie, Consultant of: Abbvie, Alexion, Astra Zeneca, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Gilead, Lilly, Sanofi, UCB, Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Astra Zeneca, BMS, Chugai, GSK, Lilly, Pfizer, Sanofi, Benedikt Ostendorf: None declared, Christoph Schleich: None declared

scholarly journals OP0182 PROTEOGLYCAN LOSS IN ARTICULAR CARTILAGE IS ASSOCIATED WITH JOINT INFLAMMATION SEVERITY IN PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS – A COMPOSITIONAL MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING STUDY

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 113.2-113
Author(s):  
P. Sewerin ◽  
D. Abrar ◽  
S. Nebelung ◽  
M. Frenken ◽  
T. Ulrich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psoriatic Arthritis ◽  
Bone Erosion ◽  
Joint Inflammation ◽  
Resonance Imaging ◽  
Research Support ◽  
Weighted Image ◽  
The Third ◽  
Deutschland Gmbh ◽  
Pip Joint ◽  
Flexor Tenosynovitis

Background:Even though cartilage loss is a known feature of psoriatic arthritis (PsA), little is known about its role in the pathogenesis of PsA. Using delayed gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of cartilage (dGEMRIC) as a non-invasive marker of the tissue’s proteoglycan content, such early (i.e. pre-morphological) changes have been associated with inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Yet, this association has not been studied before in PsA.Objectives:Is the severity of local joint inflammation associated to local proteoglycan loss in PsA patients?Methods:Metacarpophalangeal (MCP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP), and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints of 17 patients with active PsA were evaluated by high-resolution clinical standard morphological and dGEMRIC sequences using a 3T MRI scanner (Magnetom Skyra, Siemens) and a dedicated 16-channel hand coil. Images were analyzed by two independent raters for dGEMRIC indices, PsA MRI scores (PsAMRIS) and total cartilage thickness (TCT). Kendall-Tau correlation coefficients (τ) were calculated.Results:We found significant negative correlations between dGEMRIC indices and total PsAMRIS (τ = -0.5, p= 0.012), synovitis (τ = -0.56, p= 0.006), flexor tenosynovitis (τ = -0.4, p= 0.049), and periarticular inflammation (τ = -0.72, p< 0.001). Significant positive correlations were found between TCT and dGEMRIC indices in all joint levels (τ = 0.43, p<0.001). No significant correlations were determined between dGEMRIC indices and bone erosion, bone edema or bone proliferation.Conclusion:In PsA, proteoglycan loss as assessed by dGEMRIC is associated with periarticular inflammation, synovitis, and flexor tenosynovitis, but not with bone erosion or proliferation, thereby highlighting the need for effective anti-inflammatory treatment regimes. Beyond morphology, advanced MRI techniques may be used to assess cartilage composition in PsA and to identify early changes in cartilage as an imaging biomarker with potential application in detection and monitoring of PsA.Figure 1Right hand of a 26-year-old male with psoriatic arthritis Coronal STIR image (A) of digits 1-5, transversal fat-saturated (fs) T2-weighted image of digits 2-4 (B) and the corresponding transversal fs contrast-enhanced T1-weighted image (C) at the distal portion of the proximal phalanges. Horizontal white bar in (A) indicates level of transversal slices (B) & (C). Sagittal fs Proton Density-weighted image of the third digit (D). A: Increased signal at the collateral ligaments and synovitis of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint of the third digit (white arrow). Periarticular inflammation around the PIP joint and the body of the proximal phalanx of the third digit (arrowhead). B & C: Extensive flexor tenosynovitis (asterix) and periarticular inflammation in the subcutaneous tissues (arrowhead) alongside thickened flexor tendon pulleys (arrow). D & E: Representative sagittal T1-weighted images of the MCP, PIP and DIP joint of the 3rd digit. Following iv contrast administration and appropriate delay of 40 min, A gives the morphological T1 map, while B gives the corresponding parameter map with dGEMRIC values [ms] overlaid. Note the significant decrease in dGEMRIC indices of the PIP joint as compared to the MCP joint.Disclosure of Interests:Philipp Sewerin Grant/research support from: AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KGBristol-Myers Squibb Celgene GmbHLilly Deutschland GmbHNovartis Pharma GmbH Pfizer Deutschland GmbHRheumazentrum Rhein-Ruhr, Consultant of: AMGEN GmbH AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Biogen GmbHBristol-Myers Squibb Celgene GmbH Chugai Pharma arketing Ltd. / Chugai Europe GmbHHexal Pharma Janssen-CilagGmbH Johnson & Johnson Deutschland GmbHLilly Deutschland GmbH / Lilly Europe / Lilly Global Novartis Pharma GmbH Pfizer Deutschland GmbH Roche Pharma Rheumazentrum Rhein-Ruhr Sanofi-Genzyme Deutschland GmbH Swedish Orphan Biovitrum GmbH UCB Pharma GmbH, Speakers bureau: AMGEN GmbH AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG Biogen GmbHBristol-Myers Squibb Celgene GmbH Chugai Pharma arketing Ltd. / Chugai Europe GmbHHexal Pharma Janssen-CilagGmbH Johnson & Johnson Deutschland GmbHLilly Deutschland GmbH / Lilly Europe / Lilly Global Novartis Pharma GmbH Pfizer Deutschland GmbH Roche Pharma Rheumazentrum Rhein-Ruhr Sanofi-Genzyme Deutschland GmbH Swedish Orphan Biovitrum GmbH UCB Pharma GmbH, Daniel Abrar: None declared, Sven Nebelung: None declared, Miriam Frenken: None declared, Tim Ulrich: None declared, Karl Ludger Radke: None declared, Gerald Antoch: None declared, Stefan Vordenbäumen: None declared, Ralph Brinks: None declared, Matthias Schneider Grant/research support from: GSK, UCB, Abbvie, Consultant of: Abbvie, Alexion, Astra Zeneca, BMS, Boehringer Ingelheim, Gilead, Lilly, Sanofi, UCB, Speakers bureau: Abbvie, Astra Zeneca, BMS, Chugai, GSK, Lilly, Pfizer, Sanofi, Benedikt Ostendorf: None declared, Christoph Schleich: None declared

Measurement of Whole Blood Platelet Aggregation by Multiplate® Aggregometry Before and during Aspirin Treatment.

Blood ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 110 (11) ◽  
pp. 3895-3895
Author(s):  
Susanne B. Pedersen ◽  
Steen D. Kristensen ◽  
Anne-Mette Hvas
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Reference Method ◽  
Adenosine Diphosphate ◽  
Blood Platelet ◽  
Impedance Method ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Normal Platelet

Abstract The inhibition of platelet aggregation by aspirin (ASA) is fundamental in treatment of ischemic heart disease (IHD). Several studies report findings of normal platelet aggregation despite ASA treatment in some individuals, referred to as ASA resistance (AR). It has been hypothesized that AR increases the risk of a future ischemic event. We evaluated a new impedance method for measurement of platelet aggregation, Multiplate® aggregometry (MA), and compared this method to light aggregometry ad modum Born (OPA), with reference to repeatability and detection of AR. Blood samples from 43 IHD patients and 21 healthy individuals treated with ASA 75 mg daily were analyzed in duplicate by MA and OPA on 4 consecutive days. An additional blood sample was obtained prior to ASA treatment in the group of healthy individuals. Compliance was confirmed by measurements of thromboxane B2 in serum. MA was performed with arachidonic acid (AA) in concentrations of 0.25 mM, 0.50 mM and 0.75 mM, and with adenosine diphosphate (ADP) in concentrations of 7.5 μM and 15 μM. OPA was performed with AA-concentrations of 0.5 mM, 1.0 mM and 1.5 mM, and with ADP-concentrations of 5 μM and 10 μM. Table 1. Area under the curve (AUC) measured by MA in patients and in healthy individuals before and during ASA treatment. Agonist AUC, aggregation units · min Healthy Before ASA HealthyDuring ASA PatientsDuring ASA Median Range Median Range Median Range AA, mM 0.25 520 402–999 38 12–83 41 8–110 0.50 574 461–976 51 20–112 56 17–187 0.75 551 434–889 68 21–333 98 18–418 ADP, μM 7.5 474 272–859 422 195–816 472 126–720 15 503 328–922 479 262–995 525 172–834 In healthy individuals, the AA-induced AUC was reduced significantly by ASA at all concentrations (88–93%, p=0.0001). The reduction of AUC was small and insignificant when using ADP (5–11%, p≥0.06). There was a trend towards a higher median AUC measured in patients than in healthy individuals during ASA (p=0.07). Table 2. Coefficients of variation (CV) of double measurements determined by MA and OPA in healthy individuals prior to ASA treatment and during ASA treatment. AA, mM MA AA, mM OPA CVBefore ASA, % CVDuring ASA, % CVBefore ASA, % CVDuring ASA, % 0.25 8 46 0.5 48 25 0.50 10 40 1.0 5 20 0.75 12 41 1.5 5 21 The CV of OPA was generally lower. The reference method was OPA with AA 1.0 mM and AR was defined as a residual platelet aggregation ≥ 20%. According to this definition 7 participants (16%) had AR. A receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis showed a sensitivity of MA using AA 0.75 mM of 100% at an AUC cut-point of 94 aggregation units (AU) · min, 71% at 135 AU · min and 29% at 212 AU · min. The specificity was 60, 81 and 93%, respectively. The area under the ROC-curve was 0.79 (95% CI 0.66–0.92). In conclusion, the large ASA-induced reduction in AUC of healthy individuals indicated that MA measures the effect of ASA efficiently when using AA. ADP seems less suitable, as the AUC was only slightly reduced by ASA. The CV of MA was high during ASA treatment, indicating that platelet aggregation during ASA was low and difficult to measure precisely with MA. The area under the ROC-curve was moderately satisfying, but of uncertain correctness due to the rather small number of observations.

scholarly journals Downregulation of Urinary microRNA-200c acts as a Promising Novel Bio-marker in the Diagnosis of Patients With Bladder Cancer

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Zi ◽  
Wen-Lin Tao ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
Zhao-Hua Yu ◽  
Xiao-Dong Bai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Tumor Grade ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Diagnostic Capacity ◽  
Pcr Method

Abstract BackgroundMicroRANs (miRNAs) have been reported to be involved in various human cancers. The aim of this study was to explore the diagnostic performance of urine miR-200c in bladder cancer. MethodsQuantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) method was applied to measure the relative expression of urine miR-200c in bladder cancer patients. The relationship between urine miR-200c level and clinicopathological factors was analyzed using χ2 test. The diagnostic capacity of urine miR-200c was calculated using the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis.ResultsUrinary level of miR-200c was significantly reduced in bladder cancer patients compared with healthy controls (P=0.000). Furthermore, urine miR-200c expression was strongly correlated with histologic grade (P=0.019), tumor grade (P=0.003), and lymph node metastasis (P=0.001). ROC curve showed that urine miR-200c could distinguish bladder cancer patients from healthy controls with an area under the curve of 0.844. The cutoff value of 1.235, with the sensitivity of 89.0% and the specificity of 70.7% respectively.ConclusionUrine miR-200c may act as a noninvasive diagnostic biomarker for bladder cancer.

scholarly journals Screening for Sleep Apnoea in Mild Cognitive Impairment: The Utility of the Multivariable Apnoea Prediction Index

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georgina Wilson ◽  
Zoe Terpening ◽  
Keith Wong ◽  
Ron Grunstein ◽  
Louisa Norrie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Purpose. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered an “at risk” state for dementia and efforts are needed to target modifiable risk factors, of which Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is one. This study aims to evaluate the predictive utility of the multivariate apnoea prediction index (MAPI), a patient self-report survey, to assess OSA in MCI.Methods. Thirty-seven participants with MCI and 37 age-matched controls completed the MAPI and underwent polysomnography (PSG). Correlations were used to compare the MAPI and PSG measures including oxygen desaturation index and apnoea-hypopnoea index (AHI). Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve analyses were performed using various cut-off scores for apnoea severity.Results. In controls, there was a significant moderate correlation between higher MAPI scores and more severe apnoea (AHI:r=0.47,P=0.017). However, this relationship was not significant in the MCI sample. ROC curve analysis indicated much lower area under the curve (AUC) in the MCI sample compared to the controls across all AHI severity cut-off scores.Conclusions. In older people, the MAPI moderately correlates with AHI severity but only in those who are cognitively intact. Development of further screening tools is required in order to accurately screen for OSA in MCI.

scholarly journals Comparison of EuroSCORE II with EuroSCORE in Cardiac Surgical Patients in a Tertiary Level Teaching Hospital in Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
Bishwas Pradhan ◽  
Priska Bastola ◽  
Madindra B Basnet ◽  
Bibhush Shrestha ◽  
Shailendra Sigdel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Surgical Patients ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Discrimination Power ◽  
Standard Tool ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation

Introduction European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) is the standard tool for risk stratification of patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Its relevance has been validated in European, Asian countries and also in Nepal. Its limitations led to development of EuroSCORE II. This study was carried out to compare EuroSCORE II with EuroSCORE in Nepalese cardiac surgical patients. MethodsA retrospective analytical cohort study of 3 years duration in 972 adult cardiac surgeries was conducted. Scores obtained from EuroSCORE (Logistic and Additive) and EuroSCORE II was compared with the observed mortality. Calibration was calculated by Hosmer- Lemeshow (H-L) test (Chi Square test) and discrimination by calculating the area under the curve (AUC) of receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve. ResultsObserved mortality was 4.11%. EuroSCORE additive, logistic and EuroSCORE II predicted mortality were 4.32%, 4.55% and 2.13% respectively. H-L chi square calculation for EuroSCORE additive model could not hold as all observed and expected frequencies match exactly. Hence it can be considered as a good fit. EuroSCORE logistic model (H-L, Chi-square 7.743, p<0.001) and EuroSCORE II (H-L, Chi-square 11.631, p = 0.168) also showed good fit i.e. both can predict mortality satisfactorily. AUC of ROC curve of EuroSCORE additive, logistic and EuroSCORE II were 0.632, 0.636 and 0.616 respectively, which showed fair discrimination power. ConclusionMortality prediction of adult cardiac surgical patients by EuroSCORE (additive and logistic) and EuroSCORE II was satisfactory.

scholarly journals Mueller-Hillis maneuver and angle of progression: Are they correlated?

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 527-531
Author(s):  
Sofia Mendes ◽  
Rita Silva ◽  
Inês Martins ◽  
Susana Santo ◽  
Nuno Clode
Keyword(s):  
Roc Curve ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
P Value ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Roc Curve Analysis ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Fetal Head ◽  
Second Stage Of Labor ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Angle Of Progression

Summary Objective: Mueller-Hillis maneuver (MHM) and angle of progression (AOP) measured by transperineal ultrasound have been used to assess fetal head descent during the second stage of labor. We aimed to assess whether AOP correlates with MHM in the second stage of labor. Method: A prospective observational study including women with singleton pregnancy in the second stage of labor was performed. The AOP was measured immediately after the Mueller-Hillis maneuver. A receiver-operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis was performed to determine the best discriminatory AOP cut-off for the identification of a positive MHM. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: One hundred and sixty-six (166) women were enrolled in the study and 81.3% (n=135) had a positive MHM. The median AOP was 143º (106º to 210º). The area under the curve for the prediction of a positive maneuver was 0.619 (p=0.040). Derived from the ROC curve, an AOP of 138.5º had the best diagnostic performance for the identification of a positive MHM (specificity of 65% and a sensitivity of 67%). Conclusion: An AOP of 138º seems to be associated with a positive MHM in the second stage of labor.

scholarly journals Application of Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) Curve to Determine the Diagnostic Ability of A Validated Ten - Item Questionnaire (SS - 10) In Estimating the Prevalence of Sensitive Skin in Hong Kong Population

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kam Tim Michael Chan ◽  
Amy Ho Nam Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Clinical Sample ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Sensitive Skin ◽  
Diagnostic Ability ◽  
Cutoff Value ◽  
Receiver Operating

Sensitive skin is a complex skin condition with patients presented mainly subjective neurological symptoms. Prevalence of sensitive skin across populations vary from 13% in Chinese cities to a three-fold higher in American and European countries. Our study aims to develop a cutoff value using the Receiver Operating Characteristics curve in clinical sample in Hong Kong and examine the prevalence of sensitive skin in a community sample across five districts of Hong Kong. Method: The first group of participants consisted of a total of 1,111 new clinic attendees in a local clinic in Kowloon area of Hong Kong. The second group of data was collected from 500 community samples across 5 areas of Hong Kong, with the geographic characteristics ranging from highly to less populated. Participants filled in a questionnaire which contained their demographic information as well as the 10-item version of Sensitive Skin Scale (SS-10). For the clinical sample, a dermatologist diagnosed all the participants for sensitive skin and identified 84 cases (7.56%) of true sensitive skin. Results and conclusion: The Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.866 of the ROC curve suggested a good diagnostic ability of SS-10 in population of Hong Kong. A cutoff value of 25.5 with a sensitivity of 91.7% and specificity of 75.5% gave rise to 11.4% of prevalence of sensitive skin in the community sample, which is coherent with that in Mainland China. The study may have significant clinical implications for SS-10 to be a standardized and cost-effective screening tool in Asian populations.

scholarly journals End-to-end convolutional neural network enables COVID-19 detection from breath and cough audio: a pilot study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 356-362
Author(s):  
Harry Coppock ◽  
Alex Gaskell ◽  
Panagiotis Tzirakis ◽  
Alice Baird ◽  
Lyn Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neural Network ◽  
Convolutional Neural Network ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Alternative Form ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Audio Signals ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Empirical Performance

BackgroundSince the emergence of COVID-19 in December 2019, multidisciplinary research teams have wrestled with how best to control the pandemic in light of its considerable physical, psychological and economic damage. Mass testing has been advocated as a potential remedy; however, mass testing using physical tests is a costly and hard-to-scale solution.MethodsThis study demonstrates the feasibility of an alternative form of COVID-19 detection, harnessing digital technology through the use of audio biomarkers and deep learning. Specifically, we show that a deep neural network based model can be trained to detect symptomatic and asymptomatic COVID-19 cases using breath and cough audio recordings.ResultsOur model, a custom convolutional neural network, demonstrates strong empirical performance on a data set consisting of 355 crowdsourced participants, achieving an area under the curve of the receiver operating characteristics of 0.846 on the task of COVID-19 classification.ConclusionThis study offers a proof of concept for diagnosing COVID-19 using cough and breath audio signals and motivates a comprehensive follow-up research study on a wider data sample, given the evident advantages of a low-cost, highly scalable digital COVID-19 diagnostic tool.

scholarly journals Diagnostic Ability of Peguero-Lo Presti Electrocardiographic Left Ventricular Hypertrophy Criterion in Severe Aortic Stenosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2864
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Gamrat ◽  
Katarzyna Trojanowicz ◽  
Michał A. Surdacki ◽  
Aleksandra Budkiewicz ◽  
Adrianna Wąsińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Severe Aortic Stenosis ◽  
Positive Likelihood Ratio ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Diagnostic Ability

Traditional electrocardiographic (ECG) criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), introduced in the pre-echocardiographic era of diagnosis, have a relatively low sensitivity (usually not exceeding 25–40%) in detecting LVH. A novel Peguero-Lo Presti ECG-LVH criterion was recently shown to exhibit a higher sensitivity than the traditional ECG-LVH criteria in hypertension. Our aim was to test the diagnostic ability of the novel Peguero-Lo Presti ECG-LVH criterion in severe aortic stenosis. We retrospectively analyzed 12-lead ECG tracings and echocardiographic records from the index hospitalization of 50 patients with isolated severe aortic stenosis (mean age: 77 ± 10 years; 30 women and 20 men). Exclusion criteria included QRS > 120 ms, bundle branch blocks or left anterior fascicular block, a history of myocardial infarction, more than mild aortic or mitral regurgitation, and significant LV dysfunction by echocardiography. We compared the agreement of the novel Peguero-Lo Presti criterion and traditional ECG-LVH criteria with echocardiographic LVH (LV mass index > 95 g/m2 in women and >115 g/m2 in men). Echocardiographic LVH was found in 32 out of 50 study patients. The sensitivity of the Peguero-Lo Presti criterion in detecting LVH was improved (55% vs. 9–34%) at lower specificity (72% vs. 78–100%) in comparison to 8 single traditional ECG-LVH criteria. Additionally, the positive predictive value (77% vs. 72%), positive likelihood ratio (2.0 vs. 1.5), and odds ratio (3.2 vs. 2.4) were higher for the Peguero-Lo Presti criterion versus the presence of any of these 8 traditional ECG-LVH criteria. Cohen’s Kappa, a measure of concordance between ECG and echocardiography with regard to LVH, was 0.24 for the Peguero-Lo Presti criterion, −0.01–0.13 for single traditional criteria, and 0.20 for any traditional criterion. However, by the receiver operating characteristics (ROC) curve analysis, the overall ability to discriminate between patients with and without LVH was insignificantly lower for the Peguero-Lo Presti versus Cornell voltage as a continuous variable (area under the ROC curve: 0.65 (95% CI, 0.48–0.81) vs. 0.71 (0.55–0.86), p = 0.5). In conclusion, our preliminary results suggest a slightly better, albeit still low, agreement of the novel Peguero-Lo Presti ECG criterion compared to the traditional ECG-LVH criteria with echocardiographic LVH in severe aortic stenosis.

scholarly journals Multi-scale characterizations of colon polyps via computed tomographic colonography

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weiguo Cao ◽  
Marc J. Pomeroy ◽  
Yongfeng Gao ◽  
Matthew A. Barish ◽  
Almas F. Abbasi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Texture Features ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Colon Polyps ◽  
Texture Descriptor ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Occurrence Matrix

AbstractTexture features have played an essential role in the field of medical imaging for computer-aided diagnosis. The gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM)-based texture descriptor has emerged to become one of the most successful feature sets for these applications. This study aims to increase the potential of these features by introducing multi-scale analysis into the construction of GLCM texture descriptor. In this study, we first introduce a new parameter - stride, to explore the definition of GLCM. Then we propose three multi-scaling GLCM models according to its three parameters, (1) learning model by multiple displacements, (2) learning model by multiple strides (LMS), and (3) learning model by multiple angles. These models increase the texture information by introducing more texture patterns and mitigate direction sparsity and dense sampling problems presented in the traditional Haralick model. To further analyze the three parameters, we test the three models by performing classification on a dataset of 63 large polyp masses obtained from computed tomography colonoscopy consisting of 32 adenocarcinomas and 31 benign adenomas. Finally, the proposed methods are compared to several typical GLCM-texture descriptors and one deep learning model. LMS obtains the highest performance and enhances the prediction power to 0.9450 with standard deviation 0.0285 by area under the curve of receiver operating characteristics score which is a significant improvement.

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