1 Prospective associations of aerobic fitness and lipoprotein subclasses in a cohort of norwegian schoolchildren: the active smarter kids (ASK) study

2021 ◽  
Vol 55 (16) ◽  
pp. 940.1-940
Author(s):  
PR Jones ◽  
T Rajalahti ◽  
GK Resaland ◽  
E Aadland ◽  
J Steene-Johannessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Lipoprotein Metabolism ◽  
Lipoprotein Profile ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Lipoprotein Subclasses ◽  
Triglyceride Concentration

AimAerobic fitness is associated with cardiometabolic risk factors in children. Associations with traditional measures of lipid metabolism are uncertain. We investigated whether higher levels of fitness benefit lipid metabolism by exploring cross-sectional and prospective associations between aerobic fitness and a comprehensive lipoprotein profile.MethodsWe used targeted proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR) spectroscopy to profile 29 measures of lipoprotein metabolism for 811 fifth-grade Norwegian schoolchildren (50.1% girls; mean age 10.2 years). Serum samples were taken on two occasions across the academic year. Aerobic fitness was measured at baseline using the Andersen aerobic fitness test. We used multiple linear regression adjusted for potential confounders to examine both cross-sectional and prospective — adjusted for baseline lipoprotein measure — associations between aerobic fitness and lipoprotein profiles.ResultsHigher levels of aerobic fitness were associated with all measures of lipoprotein metabolism in the cross-sectional analysis. There were inverse associations with the apolipoprotein B-containing (apo B) lipoprotein subclasses, including cholesterol and triglyceride concentration. The associations between aerobic fitness and the concentration of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles were divergent between larger and smaller subclasses. In the prospective analysis, the inverse associations between aerobic fitness and the measures of larger apo B-containing lipoprotein subclasses persisted as did all but one of the associations with triglyceride concentrations. Additional adjustment for adiposity attenuated most associations in both cross-sectional and prospective models, but an independent effect of fitness remained for certain measures.ConclusionsHigher levels of aerobic fitness are associated with a favourable lipoprotein profile, partly independent of adiposity. Associations tended to be stronger and more consistent over time for the larger apo B-containing lipoprotein measures and those of triglyceride concentration. Our results suggest that improving children’s fitness levels should have beneficial effects on lipoprotein metabolism, though a concomitant reduction in adiposity would likely be more effective.ReferencesAnderssen SA, Cooper AR, Riddoch C, Sardinha LB, Harro M, Brage S, et al. Low cardiorespiratory fitness is a strong predictor for clustering of cardiovascular disease risk factors in children independent of country, age and sex. Eur J Cardiovasc Prev Rehabil 2007.Mintjens S, Menting MD, Daams JG, van Poppel MNM, Roseboom TJ, Gemke RJBJ. Cardiorespiratory fitness in childhood and adolescence affects future cardiovascular risk factors: a systematic review of longitudinal studies. Sports Med 2018 Nov 1;48(11):2577–605.

scholarly journals Vascular inflammation, atherosclerosis, and lipid metabolism and the occurrence of non-high albuminuria diabetic kidney disease: A cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 147916412199252
Author(s):  
Yuwei Yang ◽  
Peng Xu ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Xiaohong Chen ◽  
Yiyang He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Diabetic Kidney Disease ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Endothelial Damage ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Disorder ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetic Kidney ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: Atherosclerosis involves vascular endothelial damage and lipid metabolism disorder, which is closely related to the occurrence and development of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). However, studies on non-high albuminuria DKD (NHADKD) with an albumin to creatinine ratio (ACR) <30 mg/g are rare. This study is to investigate the relationship between atherogenic factors and the occurrence of NHADKD. Methods: Serum lipid indicators, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lip-PLA2) and homocysteine levels were measured in 1116 subjects to analyze their relationship with NHADKD. Results: Among all subjects, Lip-PLA2 had the closest but relatively weak correlation with ACR ( r = 0.297, p < 0.001) and only homocysteine was moderately correlated with eGFR ( r = −0.465, p < 0.001). However, in patients with NHADKD, these atherosclerotic factors were weakly correlated or uncorrelated with eGFR (max. | r| = 0.247). Stratified risk analysis showed that when ACR was <10 mg/g, homocysteine [OR = 6.97(4.07–11.95)], total cholesterol (total-Chol) [OR = 6.04(3.03–12.04)], and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-Chol) [OR = 5.09(2.99–8.64)] were risk factors for NHADKD. There was no significant difference of OR between these three factors ( Z = 0.430–1.044, all p > 0.05). When ACR was ⩾10mg/g, homocysteine [OR = 17.26(9.67–30.82)] and total-Chol [OR = 5.63(2.95–10.76)] were risk factors for NHADKD, and ORhomocysteine was significantly higher than ORtotal-Chol ( Z = 3.023, p < 0.05). Conclusions: The occurrence of NHADKD may be related to the levels of homocysteine, total-Chol, HDL-Chol, and Lip-PLA2 in blood. Among them, homocysteine may be most closely related to NHADKD.

scholarly journals CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS AND CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK FACTORS AMONG UNIVERSITY PROFESSORS

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 102-106
Author(s):  
Jaqueline de Oliveira Santana ◽  
Juliana Vaz de Melo Mambrini ◽  
Sérgio Viana Peixoto
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk ◽  
Strong Association ◽  
Protein Body ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Cardiometabolic Risk Factors ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional

ABSTRACT Introduction: Cardiorespiratory fitness (CF) is associated with mortality and the development of cardiovascular disease, in addition to being related to work capacity. Objectives: This study aimed to verify the demographic, cardiometabolic and behavioral factors associated with CF in a representative sample of professors from a public university in Minas Gerais, Brazil. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study which evaluated, in addition to the CF, age, sex, glycemia, triglycerides, LDL and HDL cholesterol, C-reactive protein, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and physical activity (PA). The association between CF and cardiometabolic risk factors was estimated by logistic regression to obtain the odds ratios and respective confidence intervals (95%). Results: After adjustment, it was observed that professors with lower levels of CF were older, female, had higher BMI and a greater chance of being physically inactive. Conclusion: In general, the results show that the probability of low CF increases with the increase in BMI, in addition to the strong association with PA practice, which is a major focus of intervention measures aimed at improving workers health and their work capacity. Level of Evidence III; Case control study.

scholarly journals Use of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in identifying cardiovascular risk factors in male brazilian adolescents

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 678
Author(s):  
Lilian Messias Sampaio Brito ◽  
Luis Paulo Gomes Mascarenhas ◽  
Deise Cristiane Moser ◽  
Ana Cláudia Kapp Titski ◽  
Monica Nunes Lima Cat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Impact

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1980-0037.2016v18n6p678 The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of physical activity (PA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) levels on the prevalence of overweight and high blood pressure levels in adolescents. In this observational, cross-sectional study, 614 boys aged 10-14 years were assessed for height, body mass, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and blood pressure (BP). CRF was assessed using a run test (Léger Test) and subjects were then grouped according to their CRF level. PA level was assessed through a questionnaire (The Three Day Physical Activity Recall) and classified into two groups, namely > 300 minutes of PA/week and < 300 minutes of PA/week. Maturational stage was evaluated according to the development of pubic hair (self-assessment) as proposed by Tanner. We used statistical descriptive analysis, univariate and multivariate analyses in the total participants and subjects were divided by age. Fifty percent of the sample performed < 300 minutes of PA/week and 67.6% had unsatisfactory CRF levels. There was a higher prevalence of unsatisfactory CRF levels among subjects with altered BMI (overweight), WC (abdominal obesity) or BP (high blood pressure) for all age groups. PA history, however, did not show any significance. A total of 31% of participants were overweight, 24.8% had abdominal obesity and 15.4% had increased BP. Unsatisfactory CRF levels were found to be a better predictor for the diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases (CV) risk factors than PA history, regardless of age group. 

scholarly journals Exercise practice associates with different brain rhythmic patterns during vigilance

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonio Luque-Casado ◽  
Luis Ciria Perez ◽  
Daniel Sanabria ◽  
Pandelis Perakakis
Keyword(s):  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Aerobic Fitness ◽  
Temporal Distribution ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Stimulus Presentation ◽  
Vigilance Task ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Beta Power ◽  
Wide Range

Purpose: To investigate brain oscillatory patterns underlying prolonged attentional performance as a function of cardiorespiratory fitness in healthy young adults. Design: Cross-sectional study. Method: Two groups of participants (25 higher-fit and 25 lower-fit) were compared in terms of reaction time (RT) performance, tonic electroencephalographic (EEG) overall dynamics, and event-related spectral perturbation (ERSP) in a 60’ version of the psychomotor vigilance task. Resting state EEG was also measured. A submaximal cardiorespiratory fitness test confirmed the between-groups difference in terms of aerobic fitness. Results: Descriptive behavioural data showed shorter RTs in higher-fit participants, but only during the first 30’ of the task. Crucially, this same period was accompanied by increased theta (4-8 Hz) and upper beta (20-40 Hz) power and reduced alpha (8-14 Hz) and lower beta (14-20 Hz) suppression after the target stimulus presentation compared to their lower-fit peers, but these differences disappeared in the second part of the task. Additionally, lower-fit showed greater suppression of upper beta power than higher-fit after the cue stimulus presentation, an effect that was not modulated by the time-on-task. EEG overall dynamics results did not show significant differences between groups, although they also evidenced interesting differential brain oscillatory patterns as a function of aerobic fitness both at rest and during task performance. Conclusions: Cardiorespiratory fitness was related to a brain oscillatory differential response pattern over a wide range of the frequency spectrum and spatio-temporal distribution, which seems to underlie the positive association between aerobic fitness and sustained attention.

scholarly journals Level of physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular disease risk factors in a rural adult population in Sogn og Fjordane

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ane Kristiansen Solbraa ◽  
Asgeir Mamen ◽  
Geir Kåre Resaland ◽  
Jostein Steene- Johannessen ◽  
Einar Ylvisåker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional

<strong><em>Background</em>:</strong> Physical activity (PA) and high cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) are associated with reduced risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Sogn og Fjordane County has the reputation of being the most healthy county in Norway. The level of PA and/or CRF may partly explain this health status. However, only one study with regional objectively measured PA data and one study with regional data on CRF currently exist. Thus, the aim of this study was to describe levels of PA, CRF and CVD risk factors in an adult population in the county of Sogn og Fjordane.<em><strong> Methods:</strong> </em>In total, 314 (♀:178 ♂:136) 40-42-year-olds and 308 (♀:175 ♂:133) 53-55-yearolds participated in this cross-sectional study. PA was measured objectively by accelerometry, while CRF was measured directly. <em><strong>Results:</strong></em> There were no sex differences in total PA level. For the 40-42-year-olds, women spent 6.0min/day [95% CI: –11.7 to –0.3] less participating in moderate PA compared to men. For the 53-55- year-olds, women were inactive for 36.0 min/day [95% CI: –55.2 to –16.8] less and they participated in light activity for 26.4 min/day [95% CI: 7.7 to 45.2] more than men. In total, 30.0% [95% CI: 24.8 to 35.2] of the 40-42-year-olds and 30.2% [95% CI: 25.0 to 35.4] of the 53-55-year-olds met the Norwegian recommendations<br />for PA. CRF was 49.0 ml·kg–1·min–1 for men and 41.6 ml·kg–1·min–1 for women for the 40-42-year-olds. For 53-55-year-olds CRF was 41.2 ml·kg–1·min–1 for men and 33.9 ml·kg–1·min–1 for women.<em><strong> Conclusions:</strong></em> These results suggest that the level of PA and CRF are higher compared to other available data. This might explain the advantageous health status in Sogn og Fjordane.

Leptin, vitamin D, and cardiorespiratory fitness as risk factors for insulin resistance in European adolescents: gender differences in the HELENA Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 530-537 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Jiménez-Pavón ◽  
María A. Sesé ◽  
Jara Valtueña ◽  
Magdalena Cuenca-García ◽  
Marcela González-Gross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
School Setting ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gender Dimorphism ◽  
Modifiable Factors

The purpose of this study was to identify the relevance of a set of risk factors for insulin resistance in adolescents from Europe and to consider their possible gender-specific associations. The Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence Cross-Sectional Study (HELENA-CSS) was conducted in 1053 European adolescents (mean age, 14.9 years) in a school setting in 9 countries. Three anthropometric markers of body fat and a dietary index were calculated. Total energy intake was estimated from a questionnaire. C-reactive protein, leptin, and vitamin D were assessed, and physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, and muscular strength were measured. Center, socioeconomic status, pubertal status, and season were used as potential confounders. The main outcome was the homeostasis model assessment used as a marker of insulin resistance. Correlations, analyses of covariance, and logistic regression models were used. In males, leptin was the only risk factor for insulin resistance after adjusting for confounders including markers of body fat (odds ratios (ORs) from 1.49 to 1.60). In females, leptin, vitamin D, and fitness were the remaining independent risk factors for insulin resistance after adjustments (OR 2.11; 95% confidential interval (CI) 1.29-3.45; OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.31-0.80; and OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.33-0.87, respectively). Our observations suggest a gender dimorphism in the identification of risk factors for high insulin resistance. Preventive strategies should focus on improving modifiable factors such as cardiorespiratory fitness and on ensuring vitamin D sufficiency. Randomized controlled trials focusing on these strategies are necessary to test their efficacy.

scholarly journals Biomarkers of lipid metabolism in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: relationship with disease subtype and inflammatory activity

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wellington Douglas Rocha Rodrigues ◽  
Roseli Oselka Saccardo Sarni ◽  
Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca ◽  
Annelyse Araújo ◽  
Claudio Arnaldo Len ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Systemic Jia ◽  
Disease Subtype ◽  
Low Hdl

Abstract Background To describe the biomarkers of lipid metabolism in children and adolescents with polyarticular and systemic JIA and to relate them to diseases subtypes, diseases activity markers, and nutritional status. Methods A cross-sectional study including 62 JIA patients was performed. The following variables were evaluated: disease activity and medications used, body mass index, height for age (z-score), skin folds (bicipital, tricipital, subscapular and suprailiac), food intake based on three 24-h food recalls, lipid profile (total cholesterol (CT), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG) and non-HDL (N-HDLc), glycemia and insulin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (us-CRP) and apolipoproteins A-I and B (Apo A-I and Apo B). Results Dyslipidemia was observed in 83.3% of the patients. Based on classical lipid profile, low HDL-c levels was the most frequently alteration observed. Inadequate levels of LDL-c, Apo B and NHDL-c were significantly more frequent in the systemic JIA subtype when compared to the polyarticular subtype (p = 0.017, 0.001 and 0.042 respectively). Patients on biological therapy had a better adequacy of Apo A-I concentrations. The ESR showed a negative correlation with Apo A-I level (r = − 0.25, p = 0.047). Conclusion We concluded that dyslipidemia is common in patients with JIA, especially in systemic subtype. The systemic subtype and an elevated ESR were associated with lower concentrations of Apo A-I, suggesting the participation of the inflammatory process.

scholarly journals Biomarkers of lipid metabolism in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: relationship with subtype and inflammatory activity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wellington Douglas Rocha Rodrigues ◽  
Roseli Oselka Saccardo Sarni ◽  
Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca ◽  
Annelyse Araujo ◽  
Claudi Arnaldo Len ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Systemic Jia ◽  
Low Hdl ◽  
Food Recalls

Abstract Background: To describe the biomarkers of lipid metabolism in children and adolescents with polyarticular and systemic JIA and to relate them to diseases subtypes, diseases activity markers, and nutritional status. Methods: A cross-sectional study including 62 JIA patients was performed. The following variables were evaluated: disease activity and medications used, body mass index, height for age (z-score), skin folds (bicipital, tricipital, subscapular and suprailiac), food intake based on three 24-hour food recalls, lipid profile (total cholesterol (CT), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglycerides (TG) and non-HDL (N-HDLc), glycemia and insulin, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), ultrasensitive C-reactive protein (us-CRP) and apolipoproteins A-I and B (Apo A-I and Apo B).Results: Dyslipidemia was observed in 83.3% of the patients. Based on classical lipid profile, low HDL-c levels was the most frequently alteration observed. Inadequate levels of LDL-c, Apo B and NHDL-c were significantly more frequent in the systemic JIA subtype when compared to the polyarticular subtype (p = 0.017, 0.001 and 0.042 respectively). Patients on biological therapy had a better adequacy of Apo A-I concentrations. The ESR showed a negative correlation with Apo A-I level (r = -0.25, p = 0.047).Conclusion: We concluded that dyslipidemia is common in patients with JIA, especially in systemic subtype. The systemic subtype and an elevated ESR were associated with lower concentrations of Apo A-I, suggesting the participation of the inflammatory process.

scholarly journals Higher cardiorespiratory fitness is strongly associated with lower cardiovascular risk factors in firefighters: a cross-sectional study in a German fire brigade

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus Strauss ◽  
Peter Foshag ◽  
Ulrich Jehn ◽  
Anna Brzęk ◽  
Henning Littwitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Risks ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Resting Blood Pressure

AbstractPrevious studies have shown significant cardiovascular risks in firefighters and that they suffer from cardiovascular events, especially on duty. Otherwise, adequate cardiorespiratory fitness is considered to have a protective effect in reducing cardiovascular complications. Therefore, the study aimed to evaluate the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular risks factors in firefighters. We enrolled ninety-seven male German firefighters in this cross-sectional study of cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular risk factors. We used spiroergometry testing to estimate oxygen consumption to determine cardiorespiratory fitness and to calculate metabolic equivalents. We evaluated cardiovascular risk factors included nicotine consumption, lipid profiles, body composition, resting blood pressure, and heart rate. We evaluated cardiovascular risk factors included nicotine consumption, lipid profiles, body composition, resting blood pressure and heart rate. The comparison of association between cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular risk factors was performed by using χ2-test, analysis of variance, general linear regression with/without adjustment for age and body mass index (BMI). This study demonstrated a strong association between lower cardiovascular risk factors and higher cardiorespiratory fitness. There were significantly lower values for BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage and resting systolic blood pressure, triglycerides, and total cholesterol (all p < 0.0443, age-adjusted) with increased cardiorespiratory fitness. Only 19.6% (n = 19) of the examined firefighters were classified as “fit and not obese”, 48.4% (n = 47) were “low fit and not obese” and 30.9% (n = 30) were “low fit and obese”. The results clarify that increasing cardiorespiratory fitness is a fundamental point for the reduction and prevention of cardiovascular complications in firefighters. It could be demonstrated, especially for central risk factors, particularly BMI, waist circumference, sytolic resting blood pressure and triglyceride values. Therefore, firefighters should be motivated to increase their cardiorespiratory fitness for the beneficial effect of decreasing cardiovascular risk profile.

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