Digital health interventions for chronic diseases: a scoping review of evaluation frameworks

BackgroundMonitoring and evaluations of digital health (DH) solutions for the management of chronic diseases are quite heterogeneous and evidences around evaluating frameworks are inconsistent. An evidenced-based framework is needed to inform the evaluation process and rationale of such interventions. We aimed to explore the nature, extent and components of existing DH frameworks for chronic diseases.MethodsThis review was conducted based on the five steps of Arksey and O’Malley’s scoping review methodology. Out of 172 studies identified from, PubMed, Embase and Web of Science, 11 met our inclusion criteria. The reviewed studies developed DH frameworks for chronic diseases and published between 2010 and 2018.ResultsAccording to WHO guidelines for monitoring and evaluation of DH interventions, we identified seven Conceptual frameworks, two Results frameworks, one Logical framework and one Theory of change. The frameworks developed for providing interventions such as self-management, achieving personal goals and reducing relapse for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and severe mental health. A few studies reported evaluation of the frameworks using randomised clinical trials (n=3) and feasibility testing via Likert scale survey (n=2). A wide range of outcomes were reported including access to care, cost-effectiveness, behavioural outcomes, patient–provider communications, technology acceptance and user experience.ConclusionThere is a lack of evidence on the application of consistent DH frameworks. Future research should address the use of evidence-based frameworks into the research design, monitoring and evaluation process. This review explores the nature of DH frameworks for the management of chronic diseases and provides examples to guide monitoring and evaluation of interventions.

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Applied sport science and medicine of women’s rugby codes: a systematic-scoping review and consensus on future research priorities protocol

BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine ◽

10.1136/bmjsem-2021-001108 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. e001108

Author(s):

Omar Heyward ◽

Stacey Emmonds ◽

Gregory Roe ◽

Sean Scantlebury ◽

Keith Stokes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Scoping Review ◽

Research Priorities ◽

Consensus Method ◽

Future Research ◽

Delphi Consensus ◽

Medicine Research ◽

Sport Science ◽

Priority Areas ◽

Wide Range ◽

Scoping Reviews

Women’s rugby (rugby league, rugby union and rugby sevens) has recently grown in participation and professionalisation. There is under-representation of women-only cohorts within applied sport science and medicine research and within the women’s rugby evidence base. The aims of this article are: Part 1: to undertake a systematic-scoping review of the applied sport science and medicine of women’s rugby, and Part 2: to develop a consensus statement on future research priorities. This article will be designed in two parts: Part 1: a systematic-scoping review, and Part 2: a three-round Delphi consensus method. For Part 1, systematic searches of three electronic databases (PubMed (MEDLINE), Scopus, SPORTDiscus (EBSCOhost)) will be performed from the earliest record. These databases will be searched to identify any sport science and medicine themed studies within women’s rugby. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses extension for Scoping Reviews will be adhered to. Part 2 involves a three-round Delphi consensus method to identify future research priorities. Identified experts in women’s rugby will be provided with overall findings from Part 1 to inform decision-making. Participants will then be asked to provide a list of research priority areas. Over the three rounds, priority areas achieving consensus (≥70% agreement) will be identified. This study has received institutional ethical approval. When complete, the manuscript will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. The findings of this article will have relevance for a wide range of stakeholders in women’s rugby, including policymakers and governing bodies.

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Applications of 3D printing in critical care medicine: A scoping review

Anaesthesia and Intensive Care ◽

10.1177/0310057x20976655 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0310057X2097665

Author(s):

Natasha Abeysekera ◽

Kirsty A Whitmore ◽

Ashvini Abeysekera ◽

George Pang ◽

Kevin B Laupland

Keyword(s):

Critical Care ◽

Scoping Review ◽

A Priori ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Critical Care Medicine ◽

Future Research ◽

Care Practice ◽

Three Dimensional Printing ◽

Wide Range ◽

Dimensional Printing

Although a wide range of medical applications for three-dimensional printing technology have been recognised, little has been described about its utility in critical care medicine. The aim of this review was to identify three-dimensional printing applications related to critical care practice. A scoping review of the literature was conducted via a systematic search of three databases. A priori specified themes included airway management, procedural support, and simulation and medical education. The search identified 1544 articles, of which 65 were included. Ranging across many applications, most were published since 2016 in non – critical care discipline-specific journals. Most studies related to the application of three-dimensional printed models of simulation and reported good fidelity; however, several studies reported that the models poorly represented human tissue characteristics. Randomised controlled trials found some models were equivalent to commercial airway-related skills trainers. Several studies relating to the use of three-dimensional printing model simulations for spinal and neuraxial procedures reported a high degree of realism, including ultrasonography applications three-dimensional printing technologies. This scoping review identified several novel applications for three-dimensional printing in critical care medicine. Three-dimensional printing technologies have been under-utilised in critical care and provide opportunities for future research.

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A Review on Machine and Deep Learning for Semiconductor Defect Classification in Scanning Electron Microscope Images

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11209508 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (20) ◽

pp. 9508

Author(s):

Francisco López de la Rosa ◽

Roberto Sánchez-Reolid ◽

José L. Gómez-Sirvent ◽

Rafael Morales ◽

Antonio Fernández-Caballero

Keyword(s):

Deep Learning ◽

Electron Microscope ◽

Scanning Electron Microscope ◽

Defect Detection ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Semiconductor Manufacturing ◽

Manufacturing Industry ◽

Future Research ◽

Wide Range ◽

Scanning Electron

Continued advances in machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) present new opportunities for use in a wide range of applications. One prominent application of these technologies is defect detection and classification in the manufacturing industry in order to minimise costs and ensure customer satisfaction. Specifically, this scoping review focuses on inspection operations in the semiconductor manufacturing industry where different ML and DL techniques and configurations have been used for defect detection and classification. Inspection operations have traditionally been carried out by specialised personnel in charge of visually judging the images obtained with a scanning electron microscope (SEM). This scoping review focuses on inspection operations in the semiconductor manufacturing industry where different ML and DL methods have been used to detect and classify defects in SEM images. We also include the performance results of the different techniques and configurations described in the articles found. A thorough comparison of these results will help us to find the best solutions for future research related to the subject.

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Chatbots for Smoking Cessation: Scoping Review (Preprint)

10.2196/preprints.35556 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Robyn Whittaker ◽

Rosie Dobson ◽

Katie Garner

Keyword(s):

Smoking Cessation ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Text Messaging ◽

Digital Health ◽

Mode Of Delivery ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Future Research ◽

Conversational Agents ◽

Quit Smoking ◽

Digital Medicine

BACKGROUND Despite significant progress in reducing tobacco use over the past two decades, tobacco still kills over 8 million people every year. Digital interventions such as text messaging have been found to help people quit smoking. Chatbots, or conversational agents, are newer digital tools that mimic instantaneous human conversation and therefore could extend the effectiveness of text messaging. OBJECTIVE This scoping review aims to assess the extent of research in the chatbot literature for smoking cessation and provide recommendations for future research in this area. METHODS Relevant studies were identified through searches conducted in MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, Google Scholar and Scopus as well as an additional search on JMIR, Cochrane Library, Lancet Digital Health, and Digital Medicine. Studies were identified if they were conducted with tobacco smokers, were conducted between 2000 to 2021, were available in English and included a chatbot intervention. RESULTS Of the 323 studies identified, 10 studies were included in the review. Some studies noted an improvement in smoking cessation measures. However, the number of studies was limited and most had methodological or quality concerns. CONCLUSIONS More research is needed to make a firm conclusion of the efficacy of chatbots for smoking cessation. Researchers need to provide a more in-depth description of the chatbot functionality, mode of delivery, and theoretical underpinnings. CLINICALTRIAL na

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Consumer Acceptance Toward Functional Foods: A Scoping Review

10.20944/preprints202112.0517.v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mathew Thomas Baker ◽

Peng Lu ◽

Jean Perrella ◽

Holly Leggette

Keyword(s):

Chronic Diseases ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Functional Foods ◽

Influential Factors ◽

Consumer Acceptance ◽

Clear Understanding ◽

Research Attention ◽

Technology Innovations ◽

Wide Range ◽

Significant Research

Chronic diseases (e.g., heart disease, cancer, diabetes) are of major public concern. Such chronic diseases are often caused by a dietary pattern characterized as relatively high in fat, refined sugar, salt, and cholesterol. Societal interest in consuming healthy foods and the demand for healthy food products has increased significantly. As a result, functional foods have gained significant research attention in the food health and technology innovations field. To date, many studies have investigated the factors that may predict consumer acceptance of functional foods, and a wide range of influential factors have been reported. However, studies conducted in different contexts pose challenges to gaining a clear understanding of the factors influencing consumer acceptance. This scoping review identified 75 articles published with varying populations around the globe that empirically investigated consumers’ acceptance of functional foods. We identified and categorized a wide range of determinants related to consumer acceptance of different types of functional foods. The five categories of determinants were product characteristics, socio-demographic characteristics, psychological characteristics, behavioral characteristics, and physical characteristics. Each of the determinants were more fully described by sub-determinants in our scoping review. These determinants should be considered and used by leaders and scientists in product development to aid decision making and, ultimately, the successful launch of novel functional foods.

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Community voice in cross-sector alignment: concepts and strategies from a scoping review of the health collaboration literature

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10741-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Aliza Petiwala ◽

Daniel Lanford ◽

Glenn Landers ◽

Karen Minyard

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Health Outcomes ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Care Access ◽

Theory Of Change ◽

Future Research ◽

Health Improvement ◽

Robert Wood Johnson Foundation ◽

Level Of Involvement ◽

Community Voice

Abstract Background Health care access is an important driver of population health, and factors beyond health care also drive health outcomes. Recognizing the importance of the social determinants of health (SDOH), different actors in the health care, public health, and social service sectors are increasingly collaborating to improve health outcomes in communities. To support such collaboration, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation developed a cross-sector alignment theory of change. According to the cross-sector alignment theory of change, community voice is critical for helping collaboratives address community health needs. Yet research on health collaboratives offers mixed guidance on how community voice should be understood and which community voice strategies are most effective. Methods This study addresses a gap in the literature with a systematic scoping review of research on health-oriented cross-sector collaboration and community voice. By scanning key academic journals, searching three academic databases, and obtaining documents from across our professional networks, we identified 36 documents that address community voice in health collaboratives. Results The review reveals several conceptions of community voice and a range of community voice strategies. We find that community voice strategies fall on a spectrum between two broad types of approaches: active and passive. These vary not only in the level of power shared between communities and collaborators, but also in the level of involvement required from the community, and this in turn has important implications for community collaboration strategies. We also find that while most strategies are discussed in the context of short-term collaboration, many also lend themselves to adoption in the context of sustainable collaboration and, ultimately, cross-sector alignment. Conclusion This review provides a characterization and conceptualization of community voice in health-oriented collaborations that provides a new theoretical basis for future research. Passive and active community voice strategies can be studied in more detail for their expected impact on health outcomes and disparities. Increased attention to active community voice and the resources it requires can help practitioners achieve improved health outcomes and researchers understand the pathways to health improvement through collaboration.

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A Systematic Scoping Review of New Attention Problems Following Traumatic Brain Injury in Children

Frontiers in Neurology ◽

10.3389/fneur.2021.751736 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Sonja Stojanovski ◽

Shannon E. Scratch ◽

Benjamin T. Dunkley ◽

Russell Schachar ◽

Anne L. Wheeler

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Brain Injury ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Brain Injuries ◽

Attention Problems ◽

Future Research ◽

Original Research ◽

Neural Basis ◽

Adhd Diagnosis ◽

Wide Range

Objective: To summarize existing knowledge about the characteristics of attention problems secondary to traumatic brain injuries (TBI) of all severities in children.Methods: Computerized databases PubMed and PsychINFO and gray literature sources were used to identify relevant studies. Search terms were selected to identify original research examining new ADHD diagnosis or attention problems after TBI in children. Studies were included if they investigated any severity of TBI, assessed attention or ADHD after brain injury, investigated children as a primary or sub-analysis, and controlled for or excluded participants with preinjury ADHD or attention problems.Results: Thirty-nine studies were included in the review. Studies examined the prevalence of and risk factors for new attention problems and ADHD following TBI in children as well as behavioral and neuropsychological factors associated with these attention problems. Studies report a wide range of prevalence rates of new ADHD diagnosis or attention problems after TBI. Evidence indicates that more severe injury, injury in early childhood, or preinjury adaptive functioning problems, increases the risk for new ADHD and attention problems after TBI and both sexes appear to be equally vulnerable. Further, literature suggests that cases of new ADHD often co-occurs with neuropsychiatric impairment in other domains. Identified gaps in our understanding of new attention problems and ADHD include if mild TBI, the most common type of injury, increases risk and what brain abnormalities are associated with the emergence of these problems.Conclusion: This scoping review describes existing studies of new attention problems and ADHD following TBI in children and highlights important risk factors and comorbidities. Important future research directions are identified that will inform the extent of this outcome across TBI severities, its neural basis and points of intervention to minimize its impact.

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Self-management, self-management support needs and interventions in advanced cancer: a scoping review

BMJ Supportive & Palliative Care ◽

10.1136/bmjspcare-2018-001529 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 12-25 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Suman Budhwani ◽

Walter P Wodchis ◽

Camilla Zimmermann ◽

Rahim Moineddin ◽

Doris Howell

Keyword(s):

Advanced Cancer ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Patient Population ◽

Care Delivery ◽

Models Of Care ◽

Self Management ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Future Research ◽

Management Support ◽

Wide Range

Patients with advanced cancer can experience illness trajectories similar to other progressive chronic disease conditions where undertaking self-management (SM) and provision of self-management support (SMS) becomes important. The main objectives of this study were to map the literature of SM strategies and SMS needs of patients with advanced cancer and to describe SMS interventions tested in this patient population. A scoping review of all literature published between 2002 and 2016 was conducted. A total of 11 094 articles were generated for screening from MEDLINE, Embase, PsychINFO, CINAHL and Cochrane Library databases. A final 55 articles were extracted for inclusion in the review. Included studies identified a wide variety of SM behaviours used by patients with advanced cancer including controlling and coping with the physical components of the disease and facilitating emotional and psychosocial adjustments to a life-limiting illness. Studies also described a wide range of SMS needs, SMS interventions and their effectiveness in this patient population. Findings suggest that SMS interventions addressing SMS needs should be based on a sound understanding of the core skills required for effective SM and theoretical and conceptual frameworks. Future research should examine how a patient-oriented SMS approach can be incorporated into existing models of care delivery and the effects of SMS on quality of life and health system utilisation in this population.

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Applications of digital health for public health responses to COVID-19: a systematic scoping review of artificial intelligence, telehealth and related technologies

npj Digital Medicine ◽

10.1038/s41746-021-00412-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Dinesh Visva Gunasekeran ◽

Rachel Marjorie Wei Wen Tseng ◽

Yih-Chung Tham ◽

Tien Yin Wong

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Real World ◽

Digital Health ◽

Large Body ◽

Healthcare Services ◽

Digital Platforms ◽

Medical Needs ◽

Wide Range

AbstractThe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has overwhelmed healthcare services, faced with the twin challenges in acutely meeting the medical needs of patients with COVID-19 while continuing essential services for non-COVID-19 illnesses. The need to re-invent, re-organize and transform healthcare and co-ordinate clinical services at a population level is urgent as countries that controlled initial outbreaks start to experience resurgences. A wide range of digital health solutions have been proposed, although the extent of successful real-world applications of these technologies is unclear. This study aims to review applications of artificial intelligence (AI), telehealth, and other relevant digital health solutions for public health responses in the healthcare operating environment amidst the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic scoping review was performed to identify potentially relevant reports. Key findings include a large body of evidence for various clinical and operational applications of telehealth (40.1%, n = 99/247). Although a large quantity of reports investigated applications of artificial intelligence (AI) (44.9%, n = 111/247) and big data analytics (36.0%, n = 89/247), weaknesses in study design limit generalizability and translation, highlighting the need for more pragmatic real-world investigations. There were also few descriptions of applications for the internet of things (IoT) (2.0%, n = 5/247), digital platforms for communication (DC) (10.9%, 27/247), digital solutions for data management (DM) (1.6%, n = 4/247), and digital structural screening (DS) (8.9%, n = 22/247); representing gaps and opportunities for digital public health. Finally, the performance of digital health technology for operational applications related to population surveillance and points of entry have not been adequately evaluated.

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Adolescent undernutrition in South Asia: a scoping review

Nutrition Research Reviews ◽

10.1017/s0954422421000068 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-29

Author(s):

Sara Estecha Querol ◽

Paramjit Gill ◽

Romaina Iqbal ◽

Maartje Kletter ◽

Neslihan Ozdemir ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Asia ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Grey Literature ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Bibliographic Databases ◽

Future Research ◽

Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽

Intervention Component ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Wide Range

Abstract Undernutrition is a growing public health challenge affecting growth and development during adolescence in many low- and middle-income countries. This scoping review maps the evidence on adolescent undernutrition (stunting, thinness and micronutrient deficiencies) in South Asia and highlights gaps in knowledge. Using Arksey and O’Malley’s framework and the Joanna Briggs Institute Reviewers’ Manual, the search included electronic bibliographic databases (Medline (OVID), Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, PsycInfo, and Scopus) as well as various grey literature sources published up to March 2019. In total, 131 publications met the inclusion criteria of this review. All the included evidence used quantitative data and 115 publications used a cross-sectional design. Nearly 70% (n=86) of the included publications were conducted in India. Prevalence of undernutrition was reported based on different growth references and cut-offs. Evidence is divided into publications that included an intervention component (n=12) and publications that did not include an intervention component (n=116), and presented in a narrative synthesis. This scoping review provides a wide range of publications on adolescent undernutrition in South Asia and identifies future research priorities in the field.

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