Ectopic pregnancy: exploration of its global research architecture using density-equalising mapping and socioeconomic benchmarks

ObjectiveAbout 2% of all pregnancies are complicated by the implantation of the zygote outside the uterine cavity and termed ectopic pregnancy. Whereas a multitude of guidelines exists and related research is constantly growing, no thorough assessment of the global research architecture has been performed yet. Hence, we aim to assess the associated scientific activities in relation to geographical and chronological developments, existing research networks and socioeconomic parameters.DesignRetrospective, descriptive study.SettingOn the basis of the NewQIS platform, scientometric methods were combined with novel visualising techniques such as density-equalising mapping to assess the scientific output on ectopic pregnancy. Using the Web of Science, we identified all related entries from 1900 to 2012.Results8040 publications were analysed. The USA and the UK were dominating the field in regard to overall research activity (2612 and 723 publications), overall citation numbers and country-specific H-Indices (US: 80, UK: 42). Comparison to economic power of the most productive countries demonstrated that Israel invested more resources in ectopic pregnancy-related research than other nations (853.41 ectopic pregnancy-specific publications per 1000 billlion US$ gross domestic product (GDP)), followed by the UK (269.97). Relation to the GDP per capita index revealed 49.3 ectopic pregnancy-specific publications per US$1000 GDP per capita for the USA in contrast to 17.31 for the UK. Semiqualitative indices such as country-specific citation rates ranked Switzerland first (24.7 citations per ectopic pregnancy-specific publication), followed by the Scandinavian countries Finland and Sweden. Low-income countries did not exhibit significant research activities.ConclusionsThis is the first in-depth analysis of global ectopic pregnancy research since 1900. It offers unique insights into the global scientific landscape. Besides the USA and the UK, Scandinavian countries and Switzerland can also be regarded as leading nations with regard to their relative socioeconomic input.

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DOZ047.88: Esophageal atresia: a scientometric analysis of the global research architecture and collaborative networks

Diseases of the Esophagus ◽

10.1093/dote/doz047.88 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 32 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

F Friedmacher ◽

B R O’Connor

Keyword(s):

Esophageal Atresia ◽

Citation Rate ◽

Collaborative Networks ◽

Scientometric Analysis ◽

H Index ◽

Depth Analysis ◽

The Usa ◽

The Uk ◽

Research Architecture ◽

Global Research

Abstract Background Esophageal atresia (EA) and tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) represent a spectrum of relatively rare and complex malformations, which remain a major therapeutic challenge for most involved specialists. Whereas the number of EA/TEF-related publications is constantly growing, no thorough assessment of the global research architecture has been performed yet. Hence, this study aimed to critically evaluate the scientific EA/TEF activities in relation to geographical developments and existing research networks using a combination of scientometric methodologies and visualization tools. Methods A comprehensive search strategy for the Web of Science™ database was designed to retrieve bibliographic data on scientific EA/TEF publications for the time span between January 1900 and December 2018. The total reseach output of countries, institutions, individual authors, and collaborative networks was analzyed. Semiqualitative research measures, including citation rate and h-index, were assessed. Choropleth mapping and network diagrams were employed to visualize results. Results A total of 4586 publications on EA/TEF were identified, originating from 86 countries (79.0% written in English). The largest number was published by the USA (n = 799; 17.4%), the UK (n = 260; 5.7%), and Canada (n = 190; 4.1%). The USA produced the highest number of co-operative articles (n = 73) and the most productive collaborative networks were established between USA/Canada (n = 22), USA/Netherlands (n = 19), and USA/Germany (n = 13). Scientific papers from the UK received the highest average citation rate, with 17.6 citations per item, whereas the USA, with 47, had the highest country-specific h-index. Eighty-two articles were published under the auspices of multicenter research consortiums and national study groups. The most productive institutions and authors were based in the UK, the USA, France, Canada, Australia, the Netherlands, Finland, and Spain. Conclusions This is the first in-depth analysis of the worldwide EA/TEF research activity, offering unique insights into the global scientific landscape in this field. Over the past decades, EA/TEF research has increasingly become multidisciplinary but the main research endeavors continue to be concentrated in a few high-income countries. International EA/TEF collaborations and translational research should be strengthened to foster true scientific progress with this rare condition.

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Influence of Logistics Competitiveness and Logistics Cost on Economic Development: An FsQCA Qualitative Approach

E+M Ekonomie a Management ◽

10.15240/tul/001/2021-2-004 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (2) ◽

pp. 51-64

Author(s):

Mohan Saini ◽

Denisa Hrušecká

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Czech Republic ◽

Qualitative Comparative Analysis ◽

Gdp Per Capita ◽

The World ◽

The Usa ◽

Per Capita ◽

Logistics Performance Index ◽

The Uk ◽

The Impact

Logistics is an important sector that determines a country’s economic strategy while attaining higher impetus in terms of globalization and competitiveness. Infrastructure along with trade friendly government policies are the key important parameters for a competitive logistics sector. One such method to evaluate competency is the logistics performance index (LPI) by the World Bank. This index evaluates the logistics performance of the economies of the world and rank them on the basis of six parameters (customs, infrastructure, timeliness, tracking & tracing, logistics competence and international shipments). This research study illustrates the impact of logistics costs (LC) and logistics competency parameters (LPI) on the economic development. The fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) methodology is applied to identify the causal configuration relations for higher values of economic development (GDP per capita). Eight major economies across Asia (China, India, Japan, Singapore), Europe (Germany, France), the UK and the USA have been studied for the analysis. The Czech Republic and Slovenia are also included to the list of countries to have a perspective of mid-sized economies. These mid-size economies are landlocked countries (Czech Republic) and a smaller port sector (Slovenia) for logistics. The results indicate two configurations of LPI and LC that lead to higher values of GDP per capita. The major contribution to the existing literature is in identifying the influence of LPI index parameters along with LC on the economic development. The associated results illustrate that logistics competence, infrastructure and tracking & tracing of LPI index are identified as the core parameters, resulting in the higher values of GDP per capita. The results offer various insights into future area of research for evaluating new parameters such a LC to be inducted in LPI for evaluating logistics performance.

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Country-Specific Prevalence and Incidence of Youth-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: A Narrative Literature Review

Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism ◽

10.1159/000510499 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 76 (5) ◽

pp. 289-296 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jane L. Lynch ◽

Margarita Barrientos-Pérez ◽

Mona Hafez ◽

Muhammad Yazid Jalaludin ◽

Margarita Kovarenko ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Diagnostic Criteria ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

National Guidelines ◽

Incidence Data ◽

Epidemiology Data ◽

The Usa ◽

The Uk ◽

Country Specific

Background: With increased awareness of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in children and adolescents, an overview of country-specific differences in epidemiology data is needed to develop a global picture of the disease development. Summary: This study examined country-specific prevalence and incidence data of youth-onset T2D published between 2008 and 2019, and searched for national guidelines to expand the understanding of country-specific similarities and differences. Of the 1,190 articles and 17 congress abstracts identified, 58 were included in this review. Our search found the highest reported prevalence rates of youth-onset T2D in China (520 cases/100,000 people) and the USA (212 cases/100,000) and lowest in Denmark (0.6 cases/100,000) and Ireland (1.2 cases/100,000). However, the highest incidence rates were reported in Taiwan (63 cases/100,000) and the UK (33.2 cases/100,000), with the lowest in Fiji (0.43 cases/100,000) and Austria (0.6 cases/100,000). These differences in epidemiology data may be partly explained by variations in the diagnostic criteria used within studies, screening recommendations within national guidelines and race/ethnicity within countries. Key Messages: Our study suggests that published country-specific epidemiology data for youth-onset T2D are varied and scant, and often with reporting inconsistencies. Finding optimal diagnostic criteria and screening strategies for this disease should be of high interest to every country. Trial Registration: Not applicable.

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An Analysis of the Entrepreneurial Ecosystem of Malawi: The Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) Approach

Journal of Development and Communication Studies ◽

10.4314/jdcs.v8i1.11 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 224-238

Author(s):

Frederick Pobee ◽

Thuso Mphela

Keyword(s):

New Technologies ◽

High Growth ◽

Gdp Per Capita ◽

Risk Capital ◽

Entrepreneurial Ecosystem ◽

Start Up ◽

Depth Analysis ◽

Per Capita ◽

Global Entrepreneurship ◽

The Relationship

The research paper provides an in-depth analysis of the entrepreneurial ecosystem of Malawi. Employing the Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEI) methodology, the findings reveal a weak entrepreneurial ecosystem with a GEI score of 12.2 out of a possible 100. The relationship between the GDP per capita and the three entrepreneurship sub-indices, thus, attitude, ability, and aspiration are very weak and fall well below global average trends. Unfortunately, despite the high total entrepreneurship activities (TEA) in Malawi, this leads to little contribution to the country's GDP per-capita – a common phenomenon in many developing countries. At the pillar level, Malawi’s performance is a mixed bag, however, with most pillars performing not only poorly but below world averages. Despite the general positive perception of entrepreneurship by citizens, the country’s weak entrepreneurial ecosystem has failed to harness the propensity to develop new products and adopt new technologies for innovation and high growth entrepreneurship. From a policy intervention perspective, Malawi needs to focus most of its efforts and investments in five areas that include start-up skills, risk acceptance, high growth, risk capital, and human capital to improve the country's GEI score by 0.02.

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The long run impact of immigration on labor market in an advanced economy

International Journal of Social Economics ◽

10.1108/ijse-12-2013-0291 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 42 (4) ◽

pp. 356-367

Author(s):

Faridul Islam ◽

Saleheen Khan

Keyword(s):

Labor Market ◽

Gdp Per Capita ◽

Advanced Economy ◽

Content Type ◽

Dynamic Relationship ◽

Long Run ◽

The Usa ◽

Short Run ◽

Per Capita ◽

The Impact

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the dynamic relationship among immigration rate, GDP per capita, and and real wage rates in the USA. Design/methodology/approach – The paper implements the Johansen-Juselius (1990, 1992) cointegration technique to test for a long-run relationship; and for short-run dynamics the authors apply Granger causality tests under the vector error-correction model. Findings – The results show that the long-run causality runs from GDP per capita to immigration, not vice versa. Growing economy attracts immigrants. The authors also find that immigration flow depresses average weekly earnings of the natives in the long-run. Originality/value – The authors are not aware of any study on the USA addressing the impact of immigrants on labor market using a tripartite approach by explicitly incorporating economic growth. It is therefore important to pursue a theoretically justified empirical model in search of a relation to resolve on apparent immigration debate.

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Untangling factors associated with country-specific COVID-19 incidence, mortality and case fatality rates during the first quarter of 2020

10.1101/2020.04.22.20075580 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Lev Shagam

Keyword(s):

Case Fatality Rate ◽

Case Fatality ◽

Mortality Rates ◽

Press Freedom ◽

Gdp Per Capita ◽

Model Case ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Per Capita ◽

Country Specific

AbstractAt early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic which we are experiencing, the publicly reported incidence, mortality and case fatality rates (CFR) vary significantly between countries. Here we aim to untangle factors that are associated with the differences during the first quarter of the year 2020. Number of performed COVID-19 tests has a strong correlation with country-specific incidence (p < 2 × 10−16) and mortality rate (p = 5.1 × 10−8). Using multivariate linear regression we show that incidence and mortality rates correlate significantly with GDP per capita (p = 2.6 × 10−15 and 7.0 × 10−4, respectively), country-specific duration of the outbreak (2.6 × 10−4 and 0.0019), fraction of citizens over 65 years old (p = 0.0049 and 3.8 × 10−4) and level of press freedom (p = 0.021 and 0.019) which cumulatively explain 80% of variability of incidence and more than 60% of variability of mortality of the disease during the period analyzed. Country hemisphere demonstrated significant correlation only with mortality (p = 0.17 and 0.036) whereas population density (p = 0.94 and p = 0.75) and latitude (p = 0.61 and 0.059) did not reach significance in our model. Case fatality rate is shown to rise as the outbreak progresses (p=0.028). We rank countries by COVID-19 mortality corrected for incidence and the factors that were shown to affect it, and by CFR corrected for outbreak duration, yielding very similar results. Among the countries where the outbreak started after the 15th of February and with at least 1000 registered patients during the period analyzed, the lowest corrected CFR are seen in Israel, South Africa and Chile. The ranking results should be considered with caution as they do not consider all confounding factors or data reporting biases.

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Epidemiology of lung cancer: A joinpoint analysis of temporal incidence and mortality trends in 38 countries.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2017.35.15_suppl.e13091 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e13091-e13091

Author(s):

Martin CS Wong ◽

Stephen Lam Chan ◽

Xiang Qian Lao ◽

Lap Ah Tse ◽

KF Ho ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Cancer Incidence ◽

Socioeconomic Development ◽

Gdp Per Capita ◽

Lung Cancer Incidence ◽

Mortality Trends ◽

Incidence And Mortality ◽

Per Capita ◽

Country Specific

e13091 Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. We examined the correlation between lung cancer incidence/mortality and country-specific socioeconomic development, and evaluated the most recent global patterns and trends of this cancer in 38 countries. Methods: We retrieved age-standardized incidence rates of lung cancer in 2012 from the GLOBOCAN database. Temporal patterns were assessed for all countries obtained from the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents volumes I-X and the WHO mortality database. Simple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate their correlations with Human Development Index (HDI) and Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita. The average annual percent change (AAPC) of the incidence and mortality trends in the most recent 10 years were evaluated from join-point regression analysis according to country and gender. The statistical significance of AAPC was ascertained comparing with zero, and all insignificant AAPCs were regarded as having “stable trends”. Results: The global incidence and mortality of lung cancer varied by 31-fold. Country-specific HDI was strongly correlated with age-standardized incidence (r = 0.70) and mortality (r = 0.67), and so was GDP per capita to a lesser extent (r = 0.24 to 0.55) (all p < 0.001). Among men, 22 and 30 (out of 38 and 36) countries showed declining incidence and mortality trends, respectively; whilst among women, 19 and 16 countries showed increasing incidence and mortality trends, respectively. The AAPCs ranged from -2.8 to -0.6 (incidence) and -3.6 to -1.1 (mortality) among countries with declining trend in men, whereas the AAPC range was 0.4 to 8.9 (incidence) and 1 to 4.4 (mortality) among countries with increasing trends in women. Among women, Brazil, Spain and Cyprus had the greatest incidence increase, and all countries in Western, Southern and Eastern Europe had increasing mortality. Conclusions: Countries with higher socioeconomic development had higher lung cancer incidence and mortality. The incidence and mortality rates of lung cancer were increasing in many countries among women but declining in most countries among men, highlighting the need for regular surveillance and global preventive measures.

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Ongoing challenges to understanding multidrug and rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis in children versus adults

European Respiratory Journal ◽

10.1183/13993003.02504-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 2002504

Author(s):

C. Finn McQuaid ◽

Ted Cohen ◽

Anna S. Dean ◽

Rein M.G.J. Houben ◽

Gwenan M. Knight ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soviet Union ◽

Former Soviet Union ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Western Europe ◽

Resistant Tuberculosis ◽

The Usa ◽

The Uk ◽

Tuberculosis In Children ◽

Over Time ◽

Country Specific

Previous analyses suggest children with tuberculosis (TB) are no more or no less likely to have multidrug- or rifampicin-resistant TB (MDR/RR-TB) than adults. However, the availability of new data, particularly for high MDR/RR-TB burden countries, suggest updates of country-specific estimates are warranted.We used data from population-representative surveys and surveillance collected between 2000 and 2018 to compare the odds ratio (OR) of MDR/RR-TB among children (<15 years) with TB, compared to the odds of MDR/RR-TB among adults (≥15 years) with TB.In most settings (45/55 countries), and globally as a whole, there is no evidence that age is associated with odds of MDR/RR-TB. However, in some settings such as former Soviet Union countries in general, and Georgia, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan in particular, as well as Peru, MDR/RR-TB is positively associated with age ≥15. Meanwhile, in Western Europe in general, and the UK, Poland, Finland and Luxembourg in particular, MDR/RR-TB is positively associated with age <15. Sixteen countries had sufficient data to compare over time between 2000–2011 and 2012–2018, with evidence for decreases in the OR in children compared to adults in Germany, Kazakhstan and the USA.Our results support findings that in most settings a child with TB is as likely as an adult with TB to have MDR/RR-TB. However, setting-specific heterogeneity requires further investigation. Further, the OR for MDR/RR-TB in children compared to adults is generally either stable or decreasing. There are important gaps in detection, recording and reporting of drug resistance among paediatric TB cases, limiting our understanding of transmission risks and measures needed to combat the global TB epidemic.

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Gender disparities in UK research publishing: Differences between fields, methods and topics

El profesional de la información ◽

10.3145/epi.2020.jul.15 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Mike Thelwall ◽

Mahshid Abdoli ◽

Anna Lebiedziewicz ◽

Carol Bailey

Keyword(s):

Cell Biology ◽

Quantitative Methods ◽

Gender Disparity ◽

Gender Disparities ◽

Working Environment ◽

Related Research ◽

The Usa ◽

And Mathematics ◽

The Uk ◽

Implicit And Explicit

Gender disparities persist in UK research, with female minorities in most science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) subjects but female majorities in others. The nature of the gender disparity differences between subjects needs to be understood if effective remedial actions are to be targeted at STEM subjects suffering from a lack of women, in contrast to other subjects without shortages. Evidence from the USA suggests that women engage more in people-related subjects, qualitative methods, veterinary science and cell biology and men engage more in thing-related subjects, power/control fields, patient-related research, abstraction and quantitative methods, except surveys. This article investigates gender disparity differences in UK first authorship for journal articles in nearly all of science split into 26 broad and 308 narrow Scopus fields. The results largely replicate the USA but suggest that more life science topics may be female-associated in the UK and patient-related research might not be male-associated. UK STEM gender parity initiatives might therefore emphasise people-oriented, and perhaps socially positive, aspects of currently masculine STEM topics and approaches (e.g., abstraction, mathematical quantitative methods), and promote female-friendly topics, methods and goals within male-dominated fields in addition to tacking implicit and explicit sexism and providing a supportive working environment.

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Competitiveness of Superpowers: Impact of Education and Innovations

Journal of International Business Research and Marketing ◽

10.18775/jibrm.1849-8558.2015.24.3002 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 13-19

Author(s):

Antanas Buracas

Keyword(s):

Gdp Per Capita ◽

Expert Assessment ◽

Global Competitiveness ◽

China And India ◽

National Economic ◽

The Usa ◽

Per Capita ◽

The One ◽

The Impact

The impact of knowledge determinants on global competitiveness based on multiple criteria assessment methodology and their empirical expert assessment was evaluated taking the comparative expert data of the U.S., Japan, China, and India for a case study. The complex evaluations were determined with an account of the education, knowledge and innovation parameters published in the international reports of the WEF, INSEAD a/o experts. As result of author evaluations was found that differences between the USA and Japan, on the one side, China and India, on other, by GTCI and GII levels are lower than their differences in GDP per capita (PPP). The correlation between GTCI scores and GDP per capita, also between national economic competitiveness and GTC indices is weaker than expected by an approach based on GTCI model. The deep difference in labor productivity per employee was determined by the technical retardation of India and China compared with USA and Japan. At the same time, the differences of superpowers in educating the employable skills are not so significant.

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