scholarly journals Maternal Immunization and Antenatal Care Situation Analysis (MIACSA) study protocol: a multiregional, cross-sectional analysis of maternal immunization delivery strategies to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. e024449 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalie Roos ◽  
Philipp Lambach ◽  
Carsten Mantel ◽  
Elizabeth Mason ◽  
Flor M Muñoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Situation Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Immunization ◽  
Care Situation ◽  
Delivery Strategies

IntroductionMaternal immunization (MI) with tetanus toxoid containing vaccine, is a safe and cost-effective way of preventing neonatal tetanus. Given the prospect of introducing new maternal vaccines in the near future, it is essential to identify and understand current policies, practices and unmet needs for introducing and/or scaling up MI in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).Methods and analysisThe Maternal Immunization and Antenatal Care Situation Analysis (MIACSA) is a mixed methods, cross-sectional study that will collect data in four phases: (1) a review of global databases for selected health indicators in 136 LMICs; (2) a structured online survey directed at Maternal, Newborn and Child Health and Expanded Programme on Immunization focal points in all 136 LMICs; (3) semistructured telephone interviews of 30 selected LMICs and (4) 10 week-long country visits, including key informant interviews, health facility visits and focus group discussions. The principal analyses will assess correlations between the various aspects of MI delivery strategies and proxy measures of health systems performance related to vaccine-preventable disease control. The primary outcome will be a typology of existing MI delivery models, and secondary outcomes will include country profiles of child and maternal health indicators, and a MI gaps and needs analysis.Ethics and disseminationThe protocol was approved by the WHO Ethics Review Committee (ERC.0002908). The results will be made available in a project report and submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals that will be shared broadly among global health decision-makers, researchers, product developers and country-level stakeholders.

scholarly journals Consumer empowerment on online purchasing

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Megawati Simanjuntak
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Consumer Empowerment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Social Demographic ◽  
Group Regression

This research investigates the influence of social, demographic, and economic characteristics toward consumer empowerment on online purchasing in Asia, using a cross-sectional study through an online survey of 100 samples who experienced online purchasing. Multiple linear regression is performed for data analysis. The result showed that early adult males withhigh education, Javanese ethnic, lived in an urban area and were an employee with more than one million incomes per month was the most empowered group. Regression analyses resultreveals that gender, ethnic, and income significantly negatively influenced consumer empowerment. Meanwhile, a male with non-Sundanese ethnic and low income would increase the consumer empowerment index.

scholarly journals Depressive Risk among Italian Socioeconomically Disadvantaged Children and Adolescents during Covid-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Online Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Serra ◽  
Anna Presicci ◽  
Luigi Quaranta ◽  
Maria Rosaria Erminia Urbano ◽  
Lucia Marzulli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Socioeconomically Disadvantaged ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Disadvantaged Children ◽  
Parent Version

Abstract Background Children and adolescents and low-income individuals are considered particularly vulnerable for mental health implications during the current COVID-19 pandemic. Depression is one of the most frequent negative emotional responses during an epidemic outbreak, mainly due to the imposed restriction of social contacts. We aimed to assess depressive symptomatology in a sample of Italian low-income minors and to determine if pandemic-related stressors and pre-existing neuropsychiatric diagnoses would behave as risk factors for depressive symptoms. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study during July 2020, at the end of the Italian first wave of COVID-19 pandemic. We recruited 109 Italian socioeconomically disadvantaged children and adolescents, from 7 to 17 years. We used an online survey to collect socio-demographic and clinical data and information about pandemic-related stressors, and to assess depressive symptoms with the Children’s Depression Inventory 2 (CDI 2), Parent Version (Emotional Problems subscale) and Self-Report Short Form. We performed logistic regression analysis to assess the association between depressive symptoms and potential risk factors for mental health. Results 22% and 14% of participants showed depressive symptoms at the CDI 2 Parent Version and Self-Report, respectively. Participants coming from families experiencing a lack of basic supplies during the pandemic (34.9%) were more expected to show depressive symptoms at CDI 2 Parent Version. Participants with a pre-existing neuropsychiatric diagnosis (26.6%) were more likely to exhibit depressive symptoms measured by CDI 2 Parent Version. Conclusions The results of our study may be representative of a particular group of frail subjects, the socioeconomically disadvantaged children and adolescents, who were more vulnerable to depressive symptoms if they suffered from a paucity of essential supplies during the pandemic or had pre-existing neurodevelopmental disorders. The promotion of educational and child-care programs and activities could be crucial in sustaining the prevention of mental distress in those frail subjects who particularly need support outside the family.

scholarly journals Social Media Activities, Emotion Regulation Strategies, and Their Interactions on People’s Mental Health in COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 8931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Keqiao Liu ◽  
Siqi Li ◽  
Man Shu
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Emotion Regulation Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Psychological Well Being ◽  
Regulation Strategies

The COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically changed the general population’s life worldwide. People may spend more time on social media because of policies like “work at home”. Using a cross-sectional dataset collected through an online survey in February 2020, in China, we examined (1) the relationships between social media activities and people’s mental health status and (2) the moderation effect of emotional-regulation strategies. The sample included people aged ≥18 years from 32 provinces and regions in China (N = 3159). The inferential analyses included a set of multiple linear regressions with interactions. Our results showed that sharing timely, accurate, and positive COVID-19 information, reducing excessive discussions on COVID-19, and promoting caring online interactions rather than being judgmental, might positively associate with the general public’s psychological well-being. Additionally, the relationships between social media activities and psychological well-being varied at different emotion-regulation strategy levels. Adopting the cognitive reappraisal strategy might allay the adverse relationships between certain social media activities and mental health indicators. Our findings expanded the theory of how social media activities can be associated with a human being’s mental health and how it can interact with emotion-regulation strategies during the COVID-19 pandemic.

scholarly journals Male Partner Involvement In The Utilization Of Antenatal Care Services In Kidera, Buyende District, Uganda: Cross Sectional Mixed Methods Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla Alupo ◽  
Esther Ruth Atim ◽  
Henry Kaggwa ◽  
Calorine Mudondo ◽  
Cliveland Ogallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Male Involvement ◽  
Safe Motherhood ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Partner Involvement ◽  
Customer Care

Abstract Background: Antenatal care, one of the pillars of safe motherhood, is a proven a concept aimed at reducing maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. It is a largely a health preventive and promotive activity. In order to foster its utilization and the desired benefits, the males who are largely key decision makers especially in patriarchal societies have to be involved. This concept of male involvement (MI) is essential in curtailing the gender inequality and improves the family livelihood. Although different strategies have been employed to woe males into ANC clinics, their involvement is largely lacking in Uganda. This study reports level of males’ involvement, their knowledge and attitudes of ANC and influencing factors . Methods: This was a cross sectional community descriptive study that employed quantitative and qualitative methods. Our qualitative data study was based on the phenomenological design and rooted into the Grounded theory. For quantitative study, 135 adult males were recruited and collected data analyzed using SPSS software (version 24) while for qualitative data collection, Focus Group Discussions(FGDs) were held for 60males and each transcript was analyzed by two researchers using NVIVO software version 12.Coding was done and themes developed. Results: Male involvement as assessed based on different activities was between 51.1 % and 85.2 %.Although 77.8% had ever accompanied their partner for ANC, only 9.6% did so on at least 4 occasions and 88.9% never received any supplementary service during the visit. Significantly males were generally knowledgeable and had positive attitude towards ANC. Also 65.4% reported their partner felt comfortable once accompanied.However during FGDs, males described ANC as a room for checking pregnant women, time wasting and unpleasant for the males with no privacy and rude staff. They were further wary of being tested as a couple for HIV. Despite challenges, ANC couple attendance was credited with potential of fostering unity.Conclusions: Male involvement is improving in Uganda but more needs to be done in educating men about their importance in ANC. Couple friendly infrastructure that ensures privacy, staff training that ensures customer care tailored towards being more sensitive and responsive to couples’ may improve MI.

scholarly journals Stigmatization towards cancer among university students in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Justine ◽  
Meor Syazwan Jafri ◽  
Angelbeth Joanny ◽  
Aiman Nadia Akmar
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Screening ◽  
University Students ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Level Of Agreement

Introduction: Stigmatization towards cancer is a barrier to early cancer screening and treatment. This study was conducted to determine the level of cancer stigma among Malaysian university students in Malaysia with different sociodemographic backgrounds.Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 400 students (mean age, SD = 22.22 ± 1.67 years) from a selected university in Malaysia. Data were collected from October 2019 to February 2020 through an online survey. The Cancer Stigma Scale (CASS) was used in assessing the levels of cancer stigma among university students with different courses and social backgrounds. The CASS was used in assessing multiple aspects of cancer stigma, including severity, personal responsibility, awkwardness, avoidance, policy opposition, and financial discrimination.Results: Data were analyzed using SPSS (version 23). Results showed that the stigmatization level toward cancer among university students varied across the six subscales. Items regarding the severity of a cancer diagnosis showed the highest level of agreement (32–52%; M = 3.05, SD = 0.96), whereas the item ‘avoiding someone with cancer’ showed the lowest agreement, 7–10% (Mean = 1.85, SD = 0.97). Stigma was significantly higher in young students, males, non-health science students, students in the junior year level, students without family histories of cancer, and the low-income group (p < 0.05).Conclusion: These findings may provide a benchmark of stigmatization level among university students in Malaysia and may be a valuable basis for delivering information and education on cancer screening and treatment.

scholarly journals Informal caregivers during the COVID-19 pandemic perceive additional burden: findings from an ad-hoc survey in Germany

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Budnick ◽  
Christian Hering ◽  
Simon Eggert ◽  
Christian Teubner ◽  
Ralf Suhr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Informal Caregivers ◽  
Psychosocial Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Professional Help ◽  
Care Situation ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Negative Feelings

Abstract Background While the relation between care involvement of informal caregivers and caregiver burden is well-known, the additional psychosocial burden related to care involvement during the COVID-19 pandemic has not yet been investigated. Methods A total of 1000 informal caregivers, recruited offline, participated in a cross-sectional online survey from April 21 to May 2, 2020. Questionnaires were used to assess COVID-19-specific changes in the care situation, negative feelings in the care situation, problems with implementation of COVID-19 measures, concerns/excessive demands, loss of support, change in informal caregivers’ own involvement in care and problems with provision, comprehension & practicability of COVID-19 information, and to relate these issues to five indicators of care involvement (i.e., being the main caregiver, high expenditure of time, high level of care, dementia, no professional help). Binomial and multiple regression analyses were applied. Results Across indicators of care involvement, 25.5–39.7% reported that the care situation rather or greatly worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially for those caring for someone with dementia or those usually relying on professional help. In a multiple regression model, the mean number of involvement indicators met was associated with age (β = .18; CI .10–.25), excessive demands (β = .10, CI .00–.19), problems with implementation of COVID-19 measures (β = .11, CI .04–.19), an increase in caregiving by the informal caregivers themselves (β = .14, CI .03–.24) as well as with no change in the amount of caregiving (β = .18, CI .07–.29) and loss of support (β = −.08, CI −.16–.00). No significant associations with the mean number of involvement indicators met were found for gender, educational level, change in the care situation, negative feelings, and provision, comprehension & practicability of COVID-19 information. Conclusion Those caregivers who perceived extensive care burden were those who suffered most during the pandemic, calling for structural support by the healthcare system now and in the future. Trial registration This article does not report the results of a health care intervention on human participants.

scholarly journals Person-Centred Maternity Care in a Poor-Resource Setting: Evidence from a Cross-Sectional Study in Enugu State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Chukwuemeka Ogbuabor ◽  
Chikezie Nwankwor
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Maternity Care ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Pregnancy Complication ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Timely Initiation ◽  
Resource Setting ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Childbearing Women

Abstract Background Women are not getting adequate person-centred maternity care (PCMC) in low-income and middle-income countries despite being important in reducing maternal morbidity and mortality. This study assessed perceptions and predictors of PCMC among childbearing women in Enugu State, South-east Nigeria.Methods The study was conducted in two health districts in Enugu State using a descriptive, cross-sectional survey design. We conveniently selected 450 childbearing women, within 9 weeks post-partum, from 11 health facilities purposively selected based on high maternal and child health attendance. Data was collected from women using an interviewer administered 30-item PCMC scale (scores 0–90) consisting of: dignity and respect (6 items, scores 0–18), communication and autonomy (9 items, scores 0–27), and supportive care (15 items, scores 0–45). We categorized full PCMC and each sub-scale into “low, medium and high” using 25th and 75th percentile of the summative scores. The questionnaire also collected data on women characteristics, facility characteristics and service type. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, t- tests, analysis of variance and Generalized Linear Models.Results Women had medium scores on full PCMC scale and sub-scales. The lowest score was in communication and autonomy. A quarter of women perceived PCMC as high. Marrying at age 20–29 years (β = 5.83, ρ = 0.002), self-employed women (β = -10.23, ρ = 0.004), starting antenatal care in the third trimester (β = -7.93, ρ = 0.008), high participation in household decisions (β = -4.98, ρ = 0.011), domestic violence experience (β = 5.41, ρ = 0.002), delivery at health centre (β = 7.09, ρ = 0.000), delivery at private/mission hospital (β = 17.47, ρ = 0.000), delivery by non-skilled attendant (β = -9.61, ρ = 0.001); delivery by community health workers (β = -7.65, ρ = 0.001), and experience of pregnancy complication (β = 6.20, ρ = 0.028) predicted PCMC.Conclusions Person-centred maternity care was generally inadequate. Improving PCMC would entail sustaining dignified care, enhancing provider-patient communication, addressing facility-level drivers, increasing women’s personal empowerment and self-employment, timely initiation of antenatal care, and paying attention to women with pregnancy complication.

scholarly journals Usefulness of Antenatal Care Handbook: A Cross-Sectional Study of Mother’s Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Queenita Luta ◽  
Khadizah Haji Abdul Mumin ◽  
Hjh Roslin Haji Sharbawi ◽  
Hanif Abdul Rahman ◽  
Sarena Haji Hashim
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Self ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Brunei Darussalam ◽  
And Child Health ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Introduction: The Maternal and Child Health (MCH) Handbook was introduced by the Ministry of Health Brunei Darussalam in 2016 to replace a card-type record. Since its introduction, its usefulness has not been evaluated. The purpose of the study was to determine the usefulness of the MCH Handbook contents in delivering information on antenatal care to Bruneian women. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an online survey to women who came for their routine antenatal checkup at 32-week gestation. Results: 73 mothers returned the self-administered online questionnaires. Participants had time to read the handbook (95.9%), were familiar with content (89.0%), and satisfied with the usage (93.2%). Major reasons for not using the handbook included “same information available online” (20.5%), “some words difficult to understand” (17.8%), “like more pictures than words” (12.3%), and “less encouragement from healthcare workers” (12.3%).Conclusions: Majority of mothers find the handbook useful. However, further study is required to explore mother’s perception on the utilization of the handbook to continue improving the content and ensure relevance of its usage over time.

scholarly journals Dietary Intake and Mental Health among Saudi Adults during COVID-19 Lockdown

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1653
Author(s):  
Hanan Alfawaz ◽  
Sobhy M. Yakout ◽  
Kaiser Wani ◽  
Ghadah A. Aljumah ◽  
Mohammed G. A. Ansari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Mental Healthcare ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Anxiety Depression

The study aimed to explore the influence of the COVID-19 lockdown on the mental status and dietary intake of residents in Saudi Arabia. In this cross-sectional study, an online survey was conducted from 11 May to 6 June 2020 corresponding to almost two weeks during and after Ramadan (23 April–23 May 2020). The Patient Health Questionnaire was used to assess anxiety, depression, and insomnia. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of anxiety, depression, and insomnia. The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and insomnia among the participants was 25.4%, 27.7%, and 19.6%, respectively. Participants aged ≥50 years with high income (≥8000 SAR) were at a lower risk of developing depression, whereas participants of the same age group with income 5000–7000 SAR were at high risk of developing anxiety. Students and master-educated participants suffer from median elevated depression and are required to take more multivitamins and vitamin D than others. Anxiety and depression were more common among married participants with low income. There is a wide range of Saudi residents who are at a higher risk of mental illness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Policymakers and mental healthcare providers are advised to provide continuous monitoring of the psychological consequences during this pandemic and provide mental support.

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