Impact of isolation on hospitalised patients who are infectious: systematic review with meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo systematically review the literature exploring the impact of isolation on hospitalised patients who are infectious: psychological and non-psychological outcomes.DesignSystematic review with meta-analysis.Data sourcesEmbase, Medline and PsycINFO were searched from inception until December 2018. Reference lists and Google Scholar were also handsearched.ResultsTwenty-six papers published from database inception to December 2018 were reviewed. A wide range of psychological and non-psychological outcomes were reported. There was a marked trend for isolated patients to exhibit higher levels of depression, the pooled standardised mean difference being 1.28 (95% CI 0.47 to 2.09) and anxiety 1.45 (95% CI 0.56 to 2.34), although both had high levels of heterogeneity, and worse outcomes for a range of care-related factors but with significant variation.ConclusionThe review indicates that isolation to contain the risk of infection has negative consequences for segregated patients. Although strength of the evidence is weak, comprising primarily single-centre convenience samples, consistency of the effects may strengthen this conclusion. More research needs to be undertaken to examine this relationship and develop and test interventions to reduce the negative effects of isolation.

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What Is the Impact of Ambulatory Vital Sign Monitoring on Deterioration Detection and Related Clinical Outcomes in Hospitalised Patients: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-697407/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Carlos Morgado Areia ◽

Christopher Biggs ◽

Mauro Santos ◽

Neal Thurley ◽

Stephen Gerry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Clinical Outcomes ◽

Standard Care ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Ambulatory Monitoring ◽

Hospital Length ◽

Hospital Length Of Stay ◽

Monitoring Systems ◽

Hospitalised Patients ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background: Timely recognition of the deteriorating inpatient remains challenging. Ambulatory monitoring systems (AMS) may augment current monitoring practices. However, there are many challenges to implementation in the hospital environment, and evidence describing the clinical impact of AMS on deterioration detection and patient outcome remains unclear. Objective: To assess the impact of vital signs monitoring on detection of deterioration and related clinical outcomes in hospitalised patients using ambulatory monitoring systems, in comparison with standard care.Methods: A systematic search was conducted in August 2020 using MEDLINE, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, CENTRAL and Health Technology Assessment databases, as well as grey literature. Studies comparing the use of AMS against standard care for deterioration detection and related clinical outcomes in hospitalised patients were included. Deterioration related outcomes (primary) included unplanned intensive care admissions, rapid response team or cardiac arrest activation, total and major complications rate. Other clinical outcomes (secondary) included in-hospital mortality and hospital length of stay. Exploratory outcomes included alerting system parameters and clinical trial registry information. Results: Of 8706 citations, 10 studies with different designs met the inclusion criteria, of which 7 were included in the meta-analyses. Overall study quality was moderate. The meta-analysis indicated that the AMS, when compared with standard care, was associated with a reduction in intensive care transfers (risk ratio, RR, 0.87; 95% confidence interval, CI, 0.66 to 1.15), rapid response or cardiac arrest team activation (RR, 0.84; 95% CI 0.69 to 1.01), total (RR, 0.77; 95% CI 0.44 to 1.32) and major (RR, 0.55; 95% CI 0.24 to 1.30) complications prevalence. There was also association with reduced mortality (RR, 0.48; 95% CI 0.18 to 1.29) and hospital length of stay (mean difference, MD, -0.09; 95% CI -0.43 to 0.44). However, none were statistically significant.Conclusion: This systematic review indicates that implementation of AMS may have a positive impact on early deterioration detection and associated clinical outcomes, but differing design/quality of available studies and diversity of outcomes measures limits a definite conclusion. Our narrative findings suggested that alarms should be adjusted to minimise false alerts and promote rapid clinical action in response to deterioration.PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42020188633

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Meta-Analysis of Oral Implant Fracture Incidence and Related Determinants

Journal of Oral Implants ◽

10.1155/2014/263925 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Bernhard Pommer ◽

Lavinia Bucur ◽

Konstantin Zauza ◽

Gabor Tepper ◽

Markus Hof ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

English Literature ◽

Rare Complication ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Screw Loosening ◽

Prosthesis Failure ◽

Related Factors ◽

Oral Implant ◽

The Impact ◽

Short Implant

Dental implant fracture is a rare biomechanical complication, however, one of the most serious and frustating ones as it is generally associated with implant and prosthesis failure as well as the surgical hazards of explantation and reimplantation. To gain insights into implant fracture rates and the impact of patient-, surgery-, and prosthetic-related factors, systematic review and meta-analysis of the English literature were performed. Electronic and hand searches yielded 69 relevant publications reporting on 827 fractures out of 44521 implants investigated. The overall incidence of implant fractures was 1.6%. Mean patient age at the time of implant fracture was 54 ± 11 years, and 70% occurred in males. The vast majority (85%) occurred in posterior regions of the mouth (premolar or molar positions). No tendency of increased fracture rates could be noted for short implant lengths or narrow implant diameters. Implant fractures occurred after 4.1 ± 3.5 years of loading, on average, in most cases (88%) supporting fixed restorations; however, only 56% were preceded by screw loosening. Although further investigations are needed to fully explore the characteristics and causes of this rare complication, it can be concluded that no more than 2.8% of implants fracture is within a mean loading period of 8.3 years.

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Effects of interventions for social anxiety and shyness in school-aged children: A systematic review and meta-analysis

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0254117 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (7) ◽

pp. e0254117

Author(s):

Reinie Cordier ◽

Renée Speyer ◽

Natasha Mahoney ◽

Anne Arnesen ◽

Liv Heidi Mjelve ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

School Setting ◽

Skills Training ◽

Negative Consequences ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Post Intervention ◽

School Aged Children ◽

School Based ◽

Psychosocial Difficulties

In school, shyness is associated with psychosocial difficulties and has negative impacts on children’s academic performance and wellbeing. Even though there are different strategies and interventions to help children deal with shyness, there is currently no comprehensive systematic review of available interventions. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to identify interventions for shy children and to evaluate the effectiveness in reducing psychosocial difficulties and other impacts. The methodology and reporting were guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement and checklist. A total of 4,864 studies were identified and 25 of these met the inclusion criteria. These studies employed interventions that were directed at school-aged children between six and twelve years of age and described both pre- and post-intervention measurement in target populations of at least five children. Most studies included an intervention undertaken in a school setting. The meta-analysis revealed interventions showing a large effect in reducing negative consequences of shyness, which is consistent with extant literature regarding shyness in school, suggesting school-age as an ideal developmental stage to target shyness. None of the interventions were delivered in a classroom setting, limiting the ability to make comparisons between in-class interventions and those delivered outside the classroom, but highlighting the effectiveness of interventions outside the classroom. The interventions were often conducted in group sessions, based at the school, and involved activities such as play, modelling and reinforcement and clinical methods such as social skills training, psychoeducation, and exposure. Traditionally, such methods have been confined to a clinic setting. The results of the current study show that, when such methods are used in a school-based setting and involve peers, the results can be effective in reducing negative effects of shyness. This is consistent with recommendations that interventions be age-appropriate, consider social development and utilise wide, school-based programs that address all students.

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Impact of hospitalised patients with COVID-19 taking Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System inhibitors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

10.1101/2020.05.03.20089375 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ranu Baral ◽

Maddie White ◽

Vassilios S Vassiliou

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Angiotensin Receptor Blockers ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Mortality Data ◽

Critical Events ◽

Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ◽

Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System ◽

Renin Angiotensin ◽

Hospitalised Patients ◽

The Impact

AbstractInhibitors of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) notably Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) or Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARB) have been scrutinised in hypertensive patients hospitalised with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) following some initial data they might adversely affect prognosis. With an increasing number of COVID-19 cases worldwide and the likelihood of a “second wave” of infection it is imperative to better understand the impact RAAS inhibitor use in antihypertensive covid positive hospitalised patients.A systematic review and meta-analysis of ACEi or ARB in patients admitted with COVID-19 was conducted. PubMed and Embase were searched and six studies were included in the meta-analysis. Pooled analysis demonstrated that 18.3% of the patients admitted with COVID-19 were prescribed ACEi/ARBs (0.183, CI 0.129 to 0.238, p<0.001). The use of RAAS inhibitors did not show any association with ‘critical’ events (Pooled OR 0.833 CI 0.605 to 1.148, p=0.264) or death (Pooled OR 0.650, CI 0.356 to 1.187, p=0.161). In conclusion, our meta-analysis including ‘critical’ events and mortality data on patients prescribed ACEi/ARB and hospitalised with COVID-19, found no evidence to associate ACEi/ARB with death or adverse events.

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Efficacy of palonosetron (PAL) compared to other serotonin inhibitors (5-HT3R) in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients receiving moderately or highly emetogenic (MoHE) treatments: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e20620 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 27 (15_suppl) ◽

pp. e20620-e20620

Author(s):

O. Clark ◽

T. Engel ◽

L. Clark ◽

L. Paladini ◽

E. Faleiros ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Side Effects ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Nausea And Vomiting ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Primary Endpoints ◽

Statistical Heterogeneity ◽

Delayed Nausea ◽

Delayed Cinv ◽

The Impact

e20620 Background: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) are frequent side effects of cancer treatment, with negative effects on quality of life. CINV may be acute (occurring within 24 hours after the chemotherapy) or delayed (up to 7 days after it). There are currently five serotonin inhibitors (5-HT3R) available on the market. PAL has the longer half-life, but there are controversies regarding if a better control of CINV (particularly delayed) is obtained with it. This controversy is reflected in recommendations of practice guidelines. Objective: To perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of all randomized controlled trials comparing a single intravenous dose of PAL 0,25mg with other 5-HT3R in patients receiving MoHE chemotherapy. Methods: We searched several databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and CENTRAL. The primary endpoints were the incidence of acute and delayed nausea and vomiting. The side effects of each treatment were analyzed. A subgroup analysis on the impact of added corticosteroids was performed.The results of individual studies were pooled in a meta-analysis, using the RevMan 5.1 software. The results are expressed as Risk Ratio (RR) and the correspondent 95% Confidence Interval (CI). Results: We included 4 studies, with 1,298 patients. PAL was compared to ondansetron, granisetron and dolasetron. Patients in PAL group had less nausea, either acute (RR=0.75; CI= 0.64 to 0.88; P = 0.0004) or delayed (RR= 0.73; CI= 0.66 to 0.82; P < 0.00001). They also had less acute vomiting (RR = 0.78; CI= 0.67 to 0.90; P = 0.0008) and delayed vomiting (RR= 0.75; CI= 0.67 to 0.84; P < 0.00001). There were no statistical differences in side effects like headache (RR = 0.83; P = 0.29), dizziness (RR = 0.40; P = 0.12), constipation (RR = 1.35; P = 0.30) or diarrhea (RR = 0.67; P = 0.44). Patients receiving PAL presented less nausea and vomiting regardless of the use of corticoids. There was no statistical heterogeneity in the analises. Conclusions: PAL was more effective than the other 5-HT3R in preventing acute and delayed CINV in patients receiving MoHE treatments, regardless of the use of concomitant corticosteroids. [Table: see text]

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Prevalence and Predictors of Burnout in Midwives: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17020641 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 641 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Nora Suleiman-Martos ◽

Luis Albendín-García ◽

José L. Gómez-Urquiza ◽

Keyla Vargas-Román ◽

Lucia Ramirez-Baena ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Burnout Syndrome ◽

Personal Factors ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Related Factors ◽

Work Related ◽

Scarcity Of Resources

The prevalence of burnout in midwives has been briefly studied. Given the negative effects of burnout syndrome in the physical and mental health, and also related to the quality of care provided, rates of absenteeism and sick leave; identifying related factors for the syndrome are needed. The aim was to determine the prevalence, levels, and factors related to the burnout syndrome, measured with the Copenhagen Burnout Inventory in midwives. A systematic review and meta-analysis were selected from CINAHL, LILACS, ProQuest, PsycINFO, PubMed, SciELO, and Scopus databases, with the search equation “burnout AND (midwife OR midwives OR nurses midwives)”. Fourteen articles were found with a total of 8959 midwives. Most of the studies showed moderate levels of personal burnout. The prevalence obtained was 50% (95% CI = 38–63) for personal burnout; 40% (95% CI = 32–49) for work-related burnout; and 10% (95% CI = 7–13) for client-related burnout. Midwives’ age, less experience, and living alone constitute the main related factors, as well as, the scarcity of resources, work environment, and the care model used. Most midwives present personal and work-related burnout, which indicates a high risk of developing burnout. Personal factors and working conditions should be taken into account when assessing burnout risk profiles of midwives.

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Acceptance, adherence and dropout rates of individuals with COPD approached in telehealth interventions: a protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026794 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (4) ◽

pp. e026794 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Saeed Mardy Alghamdi ◽

Tania Janaudis-Ferreira ◽

Rehab Alhasani ◽

Sara Ahmed

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Hospital Readmissions ◽

Dropout Rates ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Chronic Obstructive ◽

Related Factors ◽

Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽

Randomised Control Trials ◽

The Impact

IntroductionTelehealth interventions have the potential of improving exacerbation and health outcomes for individuals with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), by delivering care in between clinical visits. However, the precise impact on avoiding exacerbation and reducing the incidence of hospital readmissions remains inconclusive. This lack of knowledge on the effectiveness of telehealth for COPD care might be due to non-adherence or partial adherence to intervention programmes and/or the withdrawal of participants over the course of previous studies.ObjectivesTo conduct a systematic review of trials of telehealth interventions (including randomised control trials (RCT), crossover and pre-post studies) to: (1) estimate the acceptance, adherence and dropout rates; (2) identify the reasons for dropout from telehealth interventions among individuals with COPD; (3) evaluate the impact of trial-related, sociodemographic and intervention-related factors on the acceptance, adherence and dropout rates and (4) estimate the extent to which the acceptance, adherence and dropout rates impact outcomes in comparison with usual monitoring.Methods and analysisA systematic literature review of four databases from earliest records to November 2018 will be carried out using CINAHL, Medline (Ovid), Cochrane Library and Embase. Randomised and non-randomised control studies will be included, in addition to crossover and pre-studies post-studies comparing telehealth with standard monitoring among individuals with COPD only. Two independent reviewers will screen all relevant abstracts and full-text studies to determine eligibility, assess the risk of bias and extract the data using structured forms. If the included studies are sufficiently homogenous in terms of interventions, populations and objectives, a meta-analysis will be performed.Ethics and disseminationEthical considerations are not required for this research.Trial registration numberCRD42017078541.

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Impact and variability of social determinants of health on the transmission and outcomes of COVID-19 across the world: a systematic review protocol

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2021-053481 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. e053481

Author(s):

Minhazul Abedin ◽

Abrar Wahab ◽

Farah Naz Rahman ◽

Fardina Rahman Omi ◽

Saadia Shareen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Social Determinants Of Health ◽

Social Determinants ◽

Observational Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Geographical Location ◽

Determinants Of Health ◽

Wide Range ◽

Meta Analyses ◽

The Impact

IntroductionThe COVID-19 pandemic has exacerbated health inequalities across the globe, disproportionately affecting those with poor social determinants of health (SDOHs). It is imperative to understand how SDOH influences the transmission and outcomes (positive case, hospitalisation and mortality) of COVID-19. This systematic review will investigate the impact of a wide range of SDOHs across the globe on the transmission and outcomes of COVID-19.Methods and analysisThis review will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Protocol guidelines. We will search three electronic bibliographical databases (MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase and Scopus), as well as the WHO COVID-19 Global Research on Coronavirus Disease database. We will consider observational studies that report statistical relationships between the SDOHs (as listed in PROGRESS-Plus and Healthy People 2020) and COVID-19 transmission and outcomes. There will be no limitation on the geographical location of publications. The quality of included observational studies will be assessed using a modified version of the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. A narrative synthesis without meta-analysis reporting standards will be used to report the review findings.Ethics and disseminationThis review will be based on published studies obtained from publicly available sources, and therefore, ethical approval is not required. We will publish the results of this review in a peer-reviewed journal, as well as present the study findings at a national conference.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42021228818.

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Problematic gaming behaviour and health-related outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Health Psychology ◽

10.1177/1359105317740414 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 67-81 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Niko Männikkö ◽

Heidi Ruotsalainen ◽

Jouko Miettunen ◽

Halley M Pontes ◽

Maria Kääriäinen

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Developmental Stages ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Future Research ◽

Compulsive Disorder ◽

Wide Range ◽

Health Related ◽

Problematic Gaming ◽

The Impact

This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the interplay between problematic gaming behaviour and health-related outcomes at different developmental stages. A total of 50 empirical studies met the specified inclusion criteria, and a meta-analysis using correlation coefficients was used for the studies that reported adverse health implications regarding the impact of problematic gaming behaviour on depression, anxiety, obsessive–compulsive disorder and somatisation. Overall, the results suggested that problematic gaming behaviour is significantly associated with a wide range of detrimental health-related outcomes. Finally, the limitations of this review alongside its implications were discussed and considered for future research.

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A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Effects of Pasteurization on Milk Vitamins, and Evidence for Raw Milk Consumption and Other Health-Related Outcomes

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-10-269 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 74 (11) ◽

pp. 1814-1832 ◽

Cited By ~ 52

Author(s):

LAUREN E. MacDONALD ◽

JAMES BRETT ◽

DAVID KELTON ◽

SHANNON E. MAJOWICZ ◽

KATE SNEDEKER ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Nutritive Value ◽

Lactose Intolerance ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Raw Milk ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Milk Consumption ◽

Related Factors ◽

The Impact

Pasteurization of milk ensures safety for human consumption by reducing the number of viable pathogenic bacteria. Although the public health benefits of pasteurization are well established, pro–raw milk advocate organizations continue to promote raw milk as “nature's perfect food.” Advocacy groups' claims include statements that pasteurization destroys important vitamins and that raw milk consumption can prevent and treat allergies, cancer, and lactose intolerance. A systematic review and meta-analysis was completed to summarize available evidence for these selected claims. Forty studies assessing the effects of pasteurization on vitamin levels were found. Qualitatively, vitamins B12 and E decreased following pasteurization, and vitamin A increased. Random effects meta-analysis revealed no significant effect of pasteurization on vitamin B6 concentrations (standardized mean difference [SMD], −2.66; 95% confidence interval [CI], −5.40, 0.8; P = 0.06) but a decrease in concentrations of vitamins B1 (SMD, −1.77; 95% CI, −2.57, −0.96; P < 0.001), B2 (SMD, −0.41; 95% CI, −0.81, −0.01; P < 0.05), C (SMD, −2.13; 95% CI, −3.52, −0.74; P < 0.01), and folate (SMD, −11.99; 95% CI, −20.95, −3.03; P < 0.01). The effect of pasteurization on milk's nutritive value was minimal because many of these vitamins are naturally found in relatively low levels. However, milk is an important dietary source of vitamin B2, and the impact of heat treatment should be further considered. Raw milk consumption may have a protective association with allergy development (six studies), although this relationship may be potentially confounded by other farming-related factors. Raw milk consumption was not associated with cancer (two studies) or lactose intolerance (one study). Overall, these findings should be interpreted with caution given the poor quality of reported methodology in many of the included studies.

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