scholarly journals Problem and non-problem gamblers: a cross-sectional clustering study by gambling characteristics

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. e030424
Author(s):  
Morgane Guillou Landreat ◽  
Isabelle Chereau Boudet ◽  
Bastien Perrot ◽  
Lucia Romo ◽  
Irene Codina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Classification Error ◽  
Risky Behaviour ◽  
Classification Error Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Pure Chance ◽  
Short Course

ObjectivesGambling characteristics are factors that could influence problem gambling development. The aim of this study was to identify a typology of gamblers to frame risky behaviour based on gambling characteristics (age of initiation/of problem gambling, type of gambling: pure chance/chance with pseudoskills/chance with elements of skill, gambling online/offline, amount wagered monthly) and to investigate clinical factors associated with these different profiles in a large representative sample of gamblers.Design and settingThe study is a cross-sectional analysis to the baseline data of the french JEU cohort study (study protocol : Challet-Boujuet al, 2014). Recruitment (April 2009 to September 2011) involved clinicians and researchers from seven institutions that offer care for or conduct research on problem gamblers (PG). Participants were recruited in gambling places, and in care centres. Only participants who reported gambling in the previous year between 18 and 65 years old were included.Participants gave their written informed consent, it was approved by the French Research Ethics Committee.ParticipantsThe participants were 628 gamblers : 256 non-problem gamblers (NPG), 169 problem gamblers without treatment (PGWT) and 203 problem gamblers seeking treatment (PGST).ResultsSix clustering models were tested, the one with three clusters displayed a lower classification error rate (7.92%) and was better suited to clinical interpretation : ‘Early Onset and Short Course’ (47.5%), ‘Early Onset and Long Course’ (35%) and ‘Late Onset and Short Course’ (17.5%). Gambling characteristics differed significantly between the three clusters.ConclusionsWe defined clusters through the analysis of gambling variables, easy to identify, by psychiatrists or by physicians in primary care. Simple screening concerning these gambling characteristics could be constructed to prevent and to help PG identification. It is important to consider gambling characteristics : policy measures targeting gambling characteristics may reduce the risk of PG or minimise harm from gambling.Trial registration numberNCT01207674(ClinicalTrials.gov); Results.

scholarly journals Clinical and therapeutic features of myasthenia gravis in adults based on age at onset

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (11) ◽  
pp. e1171-e1180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Cortés-Vicente ◽  
Rodrigo Álvarez-Velasco ◽  
Sonia Segovia ◽  
Carmen Paradas ◽  
Carlos Casasnovas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myasthenia Gravis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Age At Onset ◽  
Neuromuscular Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Onset Group ◽  
Anti Acetylcholine

ObjectiveTo describe the characteristics of patients with very-late-onset myasthenia gravis (MG).MethodsThis observational cross-sectional multicenter study was based on information in the neurologist-driven Spanish Registry of Neuromuscular Diseases (NMD-ES). All patients were >18 years of age at onset of MG and onset occurred between 2000 and 2016 in all cases. Patients were classified into 3 age subgroups: early-onset MG (age at onset <50 years), late-onset MG (onset ≥50 and <65 years), and very-late-onset MG (onset ≥65 years). Demographic, immunologic, clinical, and therapeutic data were reviewed.ResultsA total of 939 patients from 15 hospitals were included: 288 (30.7%) had early-onset MG, 227 (24.2%) late-onset MG, and 424 (45.2%) very-late-onset MG. The mean follow-up was 9.1 years (SD 4.3). Patients with late onset and very late onset were more frequently men (p < 0.0001). Compared to the early-onset and late-onset groups, in the very-late-onset group, the presence of anti–acetylcholine receptor (anti-AChR) antibodies (p < 0.0001) was higher and fewer patients had thymoma (p < 0.0001). Late-onset MG and very-late-onset MG groups more frequently had ocular MG, both at onset (<0.0001) and at maximal worsening (p = 0.001). Although the very-late-onset group presented more life-threatening events (Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America IVB and V) at onset (p = 0.002), they required fewer drugs (p < 0.0001) and were less frequently drug-refractory (p < 0.0001).ConclusionsPatients with MG are primarily ≥65 years of age with anti-AChR antibodies and no thymoma. Although patients with very-late-onset MG may present life-threatening events at onset, they achieve a good outcome with fewer immunosuppressants when diagnosed and treated properly.

scholarly journals PERBANDINGAN KADAR IFN-γ DAN IL-10 PADA SERUM MATERNAL ANTARA EARLY-ONSET PREECLAMPSIA DENGAN LATE-ONSET PREECLAMPSIA

2015 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Siti Nur Khalida
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Early Onset Preeclampsia

AbstrakPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kadar IFN-γ dan IL-10 pada serum maternal antara early-onset preeclampsia dengan late-onset preeclampsia. Penelitian ini dilakukan di RSUD dr.Mohammad Suwandhie Surabaya sejak Juni – Agustus 2015, menggunakan rancangan cross-sectional. Didapatkan 13 sampel early-onset preeclampsia, 13 sampel late-onset preeclampsia, 13 sampel hamil normal <34 minggu dan 13 sampel hamil normal ≥34 minggu, total 52 sampel serum yang kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan IFN-γ dan IL-10 serum dengan ELISA. Berdasarkan hasil analisis statistik, didapatkan nilai median kadar IFN-γ pada early-onset preeclampsia 0 pg/ml (0-149,1 pg/ml), pada late-onset preeclampsia 0 pg/ml, pada kelompok kontrol early 0 pg/ml (0-56,6 pg/ml), dan pada kelompok kontrol late 0 pg/ml (0-92,7 pg/ml). Hal ini kemungkinan terjadi karena kadar IFN-γ pada sampel lebih rendah dari ambang batas terendah deteksi kit ELISA IFN-γ human (R&D system inc). Sementara itu, nilai median kadar IL-10 pada early-onset preeclampsia adalah 91 pg/ml (6,2-163,90 pg/ml), pada late-onset preeclampsia 12,9 pg/ml (3,5 – 110,70 pg/ml), pada kontrol early 8,9 pg/ml (0-36,5 pg/ml) dan pada kontrol late 4,8 pg/ml (0-38,8 pg/ml) Secara statistik, tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar IFN-γ antara early-onset preeclampsia dengan late-onset preeclampsia, begitu pula dengan kelompok kontrol (harga p = 0,073). Sedangkan, menurut statistik didapatkan perbedaan bermakna kadar IL-10 antara early-onset preeclampsia dengan late-onset preeclampsia, begitu pula dengan kelompok kontrol (harga p <0,0001). Kesimpulan, tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar IFN-γ baik pada kelompok early-onset preeclampsia maupun late-onset preeclampsia, sedangkan kadar IL-10 pada early-onset preeclampsia lebih tinggi dari pada late-onset preeclampsia.  Kata kunci: early-onset preeclampsia, late-onset preeclampsia, preeklampsia, IFN-γ, IL-10

scholarly journals Differences in levelFms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1 (sFlt-1), soluble Endoglin (s-Eng), and Placental Growth Factor (PIGF) between Early Onset Preeclampsia and Late Onset Preeclampsia

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Lita Nafratilova ◽  
Yusrawati Yusrawati ◽  
Irza Wahi
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intrinsic Factors ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Early Onset Preeclampsia

Early Onset Preeclampsia (EO-PE) is preeclampsia that develops before 34 weeks 'gestation, caused by intrinsic factors, while Late Onset Preeclampsia (LO-PE) is preeclampsia that develops after 34 weeks' gestation due to extrinsic and maternal factors. There is an increased production of antiangiogenic factors (sFlt-1, s-Eng and PIGF) contribute to pathophysiology of preeclampsia.This study aims to measure the difference of sFlt-1, sEng, PIGF levels between EO-PE and LO-PE. This was an observational study with cross sectional design conducted at Dr. M. Djamil, TK Hospital. III dr. Reksodiwiryo and Biomedical Laboratory FK Unand Padang from August 2017 to August 2018. The sample of this study were 26 severe preeclampsia women : 13 (EO-PE)  and 13 (LO-PE), selected using consecutive sampling. Levels of sFlt-1, sEng, PIGF were examined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. Statistical analysis was performed using unpaired t test and Mann-Whitney Test. Results shown that serum levels of sFlt-1 and sEng in (EO-PE)  were 9.51 ± 0.71 ng / L, 1.44 ± 0.06 ng / mL, 5.79 ± 0.42 ng / mL while in PEAL it was 8, 89 ± 0.78 ng / mL, 1.35 ± 0.14 ng / mL, 6.72 ± 0.76. There were a significant difference with a value of p <0.05. The conclusion of this study is that the levels of sFlt-1 and sEng are higher in (EO-PE)  than(LO-PE)and PIGF levels was lower in (EO-PE) compared to (LO-PE)

scholarly journals Placental Growth Factor Level is Lower in Early-Onset Preeclampsia, while Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Level does not Show any Difference between Early and Late Onset Preeclampsia

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christofani Ekapatria
Keyword(s):  
Serum Level ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Kolmogorov Smirnov ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Early Onset Preeclampsia

Objective: To analyze the difference of PlGF and TNF-α serum level between early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia. Method: This is a cross-sectional analytic comparative study comparing serum level of PlGF and TNF-α between groups with earlyand late-onset preeclampsia. Each group consists of 32 subjects who met inclusion criteria and presented to Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital or its district hospitals in September - November 2012. Statistical analysis was performed with Kolmogorov Smirnov test, Saphiro-Wilk test, and non-parametric Mann-Whitney test. Result: Mean of PlGF serum level in the group with early-onset preeclampsia is 53.0344±38.07140 pg/ml, while mean of which in the group with late-onset preeclampsia is 241.8063±192.8373 pg/ml (p

scholarly journals Clinical and Cytokine Profile in Patients with Early and Late Onset Meniere Disease

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria del Carmen Moleon ◽  
Estrella Martinez-Gomez ◽  
Marisa Flook ◽  
Andreina Peralta-Leal ◽  
Juan Antonio Gallego ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autoimmune Diseases ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cytokine Profile ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Meniere Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Menière Disease

Background: Meniere disease (MD) is an inner ear disorder associated with comorbidities such as autoimmune diseases or migraine. This study describes clinical and cytokine profile in MD according to the age of onset of the condition. Methods: A cross-sectional study including 83 MD patients: 44 with early onset MD (EOMD, &lt;35 years old), and 39 with late onset MD (LOMD, &gt; 50 years old), 64 patients with migraine and 55 controls was carried out. Clinical variables and cytokines levels of CCL3, CCL4, CCL18, CCL22, CXCL1 and IL-1&beta; were compared among the different groups. Results: CCL18 levels were higher in patients with migraine or MD than in controls. Elevated levels of IL-1&beta; were observed in 11.4% EOMD and in 10.3% LOMD patients and these levels were not dependent on the age of individuals. EOMD had a longer duration of the disease (p=0.004) and a higher prevalence of migraine than LOMD (p=0.045). Conclusions: Patients with EOMD have a higher prevalence of migraine than LOMD, but migraine is not associated with any cytokine profile in patients with MD. The levels of CCL18, CCL3 and CXCL4 were different between patients with MD or migraine and controls.

scholarly journals Differences Ratio Level Soluble FMS-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1 and Placental Growth Factor Early And Late Onset on Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 83
Author(s):  
Ria Andina ◽  
Yanwirasti Yanwirasti ◽  
Defrin Defrin
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Placental Growth Factor ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Onset Group ◽  
Early Onset Group

Preeclampsia is a major maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide including in Indonesia. PIGF concentrations were found to be lower and sFlt-1 to be higher in patients with preeclampsia than normal pregnancy. Futher, this factor has been proposed as a parameter that can help identify women with potentially preeclampsia.This study aims todeterminethe differences ratio level soluble rate fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 and placental growth factor early and late onset on preeclampsia and normal pregnancy. The cross sectional study design was conducted in RSUP M.Djamil, Rasidin Hospital, Reksodiwiryo Hospital and Biomedical Laboratory of Andalas University from July 2017 until January 2018. The sample of this study was pregnant women>20-42 weeks pregnancy totalling 80 people by consecutive sampling.Sample was divided into 3 groups. SFlt-1 and PlGF levels tested using ELISA test. Test the normality of data by Kolmogrov-Smirnov test by using unpaired T test.The results showed median sFLT-1 levels in the early onset group with normal pregnancy with p= 0,88, median sFLT-1 levels in the late onset group with normal pregnancy with p= 0,01 and median levels of sFLT-1 in the early onset group with late onset with p= 0.34. Mean of PlGF in the early onset group with normal pregnancy with p=0,30, mean of PlGF in the late onset group with normal pregnancy with p= 0.63, and mean of PlGF in the early onset group with late onset with p = 0.27. The conclusion of this study was that there was a difference ratio level Soluble Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1 late onset in preeclampsia and normal pregnancy.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Rerata Kadar Soluble Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1 (Sflt-1) Serum pada Penderita Early Onset, Late Onset Preeklampsia Berat / Eklampsia dan Kehamilan Normal

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Rahmi ◽  
Rahmatina B. Herman ◽  
Yusrawati Yusrawati
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factor ◽  
Tyrosine Kinase ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Severe Preeclampsia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

AbstrakPreeklampsia merupakan sumber utama morbiditas dan mortalitas ibu di seluruh dunia. Kegagalan pengaturan dan ketidakseimbangan agen vasoaktif proangiogenik dan antiangiogenik plasenta, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) dan placental growth factor (PlGF) memainkan peran penting dalam patogenesis preeklampsia. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menentukan perbedaan rerata kadar sFlt-1 serum pada penderita early onset, late onset preeklampsia berat/ eklampsia dan kehamilan normal. Penelitian dilakukan di RSUP Dr. M. Djamil, RS TK. III dr. Reksodiwiryo dan Laboratorium Biologi Molekuler Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Andalas Padang dari Februari sampai  Desember 2014 dengan desain cross sectional. Subjek berjumlah 84 orang, terdiri dari tiga kelompok, yaitu kelompok early onset preeklampsia berat/ eklampsia, late onset preeklampsia berat/ eklampsia, dan kehamilan normal sebagai kelompok kontrol yang diambil dengan teknik consecutive sampling. Darah dikumpulkan dari subjek penelitian dengan cara intravena kemudian diukur dengan metode ELISA. Rerata kadar sFlt-1 pada kelompok early onset, late onset preeklampsia berat/ eklampsia dan kehamilan normal secara berturut-turut adalah 4,69±0,96 ng/ml, 2,39±0,57 ng/ml, dan 1,23±0,42 ng/ml. Perbedaan ini sangat signifikan dengan uji statistik ANOVA (p<0,05) dan uji Post Hoc Test Multiple Comparisons. Kesimpulan penelitian adalah terdapat perbedaan yang sangat signifikan antara kadar sFlt-1 serum pada kelompok early onset preeklampsia berat/ eklampsia, late onset preeklampsia berat/ eklampsia dan kehamilan normal.Kata kunci: sFlt-1, antiangiogenik, preeklampsia berat/ eklampsia, kehamilan normal AbstractPreeclampsia is a major cause maternal morbidity and mortality in the world. Failure regulation and imbalance of vasoactive agents and antiangiogenic proangiogenik placenta, soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and placental growth factor (PlGF) have an important role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. The objective of this study was to determine the differences between the mean serum levels of sFlt-1 in patients with early onset, late onset severe preeclampsia/eclampsia and normal pregnancy. This study was conducted in Dr. M. Djamil hospital, dr. Reksodiwiryo TK. III hospital and Biology Moleculer Laboratory Medicine Faculty of Andalas University Padang from February until December 2014 with a cross sectional design. The total subjects were 84 persons, consist of three groups, there was early onset severe preeclampsia/ eclampsia, late onset severe preeclampsia/ eclampsia and normal pregnancy as control group. The subjects were selected by consecutive sampling technique. The blood was collected by intravenous,  then sFlt-1 serum measured by ELISA. The mean levels of sFlt-1 in the early onset group, late onset severe preeclampsia/ eclampsia group and normal pregnancy group were 4.69±0.96 ng/ml, 2.39±0.57 ng/ml and 1.23±0.42 ng/ml. This difference very significant by ANOVA statisctical test (p<0,05) and Multiple Comparisons Post Hoc Test. The conclusion of this study is very significant differences between serum levels of sFlt-1 in early onset severe preeclampsia/ eclampsia group, late onset severe preeclampsia/ eclampsia on  normal pregnancy.Keywords: sFlt-1, antiangiogenic, severe preeclampsia/ eclampsia, normal pregnancy

Abstract P174: Early Onset Parental Hypertension is Associated With Hypertension Status of Their Offspring

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongwoo Jeon ◽  
Hyeon Chang Kim ◽  
Hyungseon Yeom ◽  
Dahye Jeon ◽  
Jee-Seon Shim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Least Square ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Onset Age ◽  
Asian Countries ◽  
Hypertension Status ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prospective Cohorts ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Background: Family history is a important risk factor for hypertension (HT), however impacts of parental early onset versus late onset on offspring’s HT has not been explored yet in Asian countries. Methods and Results: We analyzed 1,524 participants from two Korean prospective cohorts in cross-sectional design. Early onset was defined as onset before age of 55 and participants were categorized according to parental hypertension(PH) status; “No PH”, “late onset PH” and “early onset PH”. Logistic regression was conducted to compare risks of HT on parental, maternal and paternal HT status. Participants’ HT onset age was compared using least-square means. Overall prevalence of HT was 25.7% (392/1,524) and that of “early onset PH” group was 33.7% (98/291). This group conferred an OR of 3.83 (95% CI, 2.67-5.54) for HT. The onset age of HT was earliest in this group (48.2 years; 95% CI, 47.3-49.2). Conclusions: Early onset HT in parents was associated with high HT prevalence in offspring and also with their onset age. Therefore, for applying early prevention and intervention to the high risk population, it would be beneficial to identify whether individuals had early onset PH.

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