Does obesity modify the epidemiological association between hyperuricemia and the prevalence of hypertension among Northern Chinese community-dwelling people? A Chinese population-based study

ObjectivesHyperuricemia and obesity both play a role in the development of hypertension. However, limited evidence is available for the combined effect of hyperuricemia and obesity on the prevalence of hypertension in the Chinese population. We aimed to assess the separate and combined effects of these two risk factors on the risk of hypertension.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in an area of Dalian city, Liaoning Province, China, from September 2015 to November 2016; 8700 adult residents were invited to participate in this study. Hyperuricemia was defined as serum uric acid ≥ 416 μmol/L in men and ≥ 357 μmol/L in women according to the guidelines. Individuals were categorised into four groups: the control group (body mass index (BMI) §amp;lt; 25 without hyperuricemia, the reference group), the obesity group (BMI ≥ 25 without hyperuricemia), the hyperuricemia group (BMI §amp;lt; 25 with hyperuricemia) and the obese-hyperuricemia group (BMI ≥ 25 with hyperuricemia). A multivariable logistic model was used to investigate individual and combined effects of hyperuricemia and obesity on the risk of hypertension.ResultsOf the 8331 individuals included, 44.3% were obese, 13.6% suffered from hyperuricemia, and 7.8% were both obese and hyperuricemic. The hypertension prevalence was the highest in the obese-hyperuricemia group (55.5% (95% CI 51.6% to 59.2%)), followed by that in the obesity (44.3% (42.6% to 46.1%)) and that in the hyperuricemia groups (33.5% (29.5% to 37.9%)). After adjusting for confounders, the obese-hyperuricemia group had a nearly threefold increased risk of hypertension compared with their healthy counterparts (OR 2.98 (2.48 to 3.57)). This pattern was also observed in the obesity group with a higher risk of hypertension (OR 2.18 (1.96 to 2.42)) compared with the control group, whereas the risk of hypertension was not elevated significantly in the hyperuricemia group (OR 1.14 (0.92 to 1.42)).ConclusionOur study provided the first evidence that obese Chinese individuals with hyperuricemia had a significantly increased risk of hypertension compared with their healthy counterparts. This combined effect on the risk of hypertension is much stronger than the individual effect of either factor.

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A bio-psycho-social approach for frailty amongst Singaporean Chinese community-dwelling older adults – evidence from the Singapore Longitudinal Aging Study

BMC Geriatrics ◽

10.1186/s12877-019-1367-9 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Nigel Teo ◽

Pei Shi Yeo ◽

Qi Gao ◽

Ma Shwe Zin Nyunt ◽

Jie Jing Foo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Nursing Home ◽

Functional Disability ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Social Contact ◽

Population Based ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Severe Disability ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk

Abstract Background Few empirical studies support a bio-psycho-social conceptualization of frailty. In addition to physical frailty (PF), we explored mental (MF) and social (SF) frailty and studied the associations between multidimensional frailty and various adverse health outcomes. Methods Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses were conducted using data from a population-based cohort (SLAS-1) of 2387 community-dwelling Singaporean Chinese older adults. Outcomes examined were functional and severe disability, nursing home referral and mortality. PF was defined by shrinking, weakness, slowness, exhaustion and physical inactivity, 1–2 = pre-frail, 3–5 = frail; MF was defined by ≥1 of cognitive impairment, low mood and poor self-reported health; SF was defined by ≥2 of living alone, no education, no confidant, infrequent social contact or help, infrequent social activities, financial difficulty and living in low-end public housing. Results The prevalence of any frailty dimension was 63.0%, dominated by PF (26.2%) and multidimensional frailty (24.2%); 7.0% had all three frailty dimensions. With a few exceptions, frailty dimensions share similar associations with many socio-demographic, lifestyle, health and behavioral factors. Each frailty dimension varied in showing independent associations with functional (Odds Ratios [ORs] = 1.3–1.8) and severe disability prevalence at baseline (ORs = 2.2–7.3), incident functional disability (ORs = 1.1–1.5), nursing home referral (ORs = 1.5–3.4) and mortality (Hazard Ratios = 1.3–1.5) after adjusting for age, gender, medical comorbidity and the two other frailty dimensions. The addition of MF and SF to PF incrementally increased risk estimates by more than 2 folds. Conclusions This study highlights the relevance and utility of PF, MF and SF individually and together. Multidimensional frailty can better inform policies and promote the use of targeted multi-domain interventions tailored to older adults’ frailty statuses.

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Prevalence and Risk Factors of Untreated Thyroid Dysfunctions in the Older Caucasian Adults: Results of Polsenior 2 Survey

10.21203/rs.3.rs-735681/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Piotr Kocelak ◽

Malgorzata Mossakowska ◽

Monika Puzianowska-Kuznicka ◽

Krzysztof Sworczak ◽

Adam Wyszomirski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Thyroid Dysfunction ◽

Population Based ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Medical Services ◽

Design Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multidisciplinary Study ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Study Participants

Abstract Background: To determine the prevalence of treated and untreated thyroid dysfunction and to identify factors associated with increased risk of undiagnosed thyroid dysfunction in older adults.Methods The population of 5987 community-dwelling Polish Caucasian seniors aged 60 years and above who participated in the PolSenior 2 study (2018 – 2019). Population-based cross-sectional multidisciplinary study in design. Data from structured questionnaires, geriatric tests and scales were obtained from all study participants who underwent anthropometric and blood pressure measurements during three home visits. Assessment of thyroid function was based on TSH serum measurements.ResultsThe prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in the Polish population aged 60 years or above was estimated at 15.5% (21.5% in women and 7.2% in men), with 3.2% of undiagnosed individuals among them. The prevalence of hypothyroidism and hyperthyroidism in the studied group was 13.9% (19.4% in women and 6.3% in men) and 1.6% (2.1% in women and 0.9% in men) respectively. In multiple regression analysis independent risk factors for thyroid disorders being untreated were older age (> 75 years), male sex, a low education level (primary or lower) and low utilization of medical services.Conclusions One-fifth of Polish Caucasian seniors with hypothyroidism and one-third with hyperthyroidism is untreated. Older, poorly educated and rarely utilizing medical services seniors, especially men, are more frequently untreated for thyroid dysfunction and some of them do not benefit from contemporary achievements of medicine.

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Death Associated With Coronavirus (COVID-19) Infection in Individuals With Severe Mental Disorders in Sweden During the Early Months of the Outbreak—An Exploratory Cross-Sectional Analysis of a Population-Based Register Study

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2020.609579 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

Author(s):

Martin Maripuu ◽

Marie Bendix ◽

Louise Öhlund ◽

Micael Widerström ◽

Ursula Werneke

Keyword(s):

Age Groups ◽

Population Based ◽

Control Group ◽

Swedish Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Somatic Comorbidity ◽

Set Up

Background: Individuals with severe mental disorder (SMD) have a higher risk of somatic comorbidity and mortality than the rest of the population. We set up a population-based study to assess whether individuals with SMD had a higher risk of death associated with a COVID-19 infection (COVID-19 associated death) than individuals without SMD.Methods: Exploratory analysis with a cross-sectional design in the framework of a population-based register study covering the entire Swedish population. The Swedish Board for Health and Welfare (Socialstyrelsen) provided anonymized tabulated summary data for further analysis. We compared numbers of COVID-19 associated death in individuals with SMD (cases) and without SMD (controls). We calculated the odds ratio (OR) for the whole sample and by age group and four comorbidities, namely diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, chronic lung disease.Results: The sample comprised of 7,923,859 individuals, 103,999 with SMD and 7,819,860 controls. There were 130 (0.1%) COVID-19 associated deaths in the SMD group and 4,945 (0.06%) in the control group, corresponding to an OR of 1.98 (CI 1.66-2.35; p < 0.001). The odds were 4-fold for the age groups between 60 and 79 years and 1.5-fold for cardiovascular diseases. Individuals with SMD without any of the risk factors under study had 3-fold odds of COVID-19 associated death.Conclusion: Our preliminary results identify individuals with SMD as a further group at increased risk of COVID-19 associated death. In regard to comorbidities, future studies should explore the potential confounding or mediation role in the relationship between SMD and COVID-19 associated deaths.

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Individual saturated fatty acid intake and risk of overweight/obesity: findings from a population-based nationwide cohort study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114521002890 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-27

Author(s):

Fei Wu ◽

Lei Mao ◽

Yu Zhang ◽

Xiaoqian Chen ◽

Pan Zhuang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acid ◽

Saturated Fatty Acid ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Reference Group ◽

Decanoic Acid ◽

Population Based ◽

Hexanoic Acid ◽

Nutrition Survey ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Incident Cases

Abstract The relationship between saturated fatty acid (SFA) consumption and the risk of overweight/obesity remains unclear. Epidemiological evidence is lacking among Chinese population. This study aimed to investigate the association between individual dietary SFA intake and the risk of overweight/obesity in Chinese adults. Data from 8,465 adults with BMI <24 at entry in the China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS, 1989-2011) were analysed. Three-day 24-h dietary records were used to collect dietary data. Cox proportional hazard regression models were constructed to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the risk of developing overweight or obesity. A total of 3,171 incident cases of overweight/obesity were identified (1,649 for women and 1,522 for men) during a median of 11 years of follow-up. Compared with the lowest category, the intake of total SFAs (TSFAs) showed no significant association with the risk of overweight/obesity. However, an increased risk of overweight/obesity was observed with a higher intake of medium chain SFAs (MCSFAs) (P-trend = 0.004), especially decanoic acid (10:0) [HR (95% CI) was 1.25 (1.10-1.42) comparing the highest category with the reference group; P-trend<0.001), whereas an inverse relationship was observed for hexanoic acid (6:0) consumption; compared with non-consumers, 6:0 intake was associated with 32% lower risk of overweight/obesity [HR (95% CI): 0.68 (0.56-0.84); P-trend<0.001]. Overall, the intake of subtypes of MCSFAs but not TSFA was associated with the risk of overweight/obesity. Increasing hexanoic acid (6:0) and limiting decanoic acid (10:0) consumption may be protective for overweight/obesity among Chinese population.

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Exposure to second-hand smoke during early life and subsequent sleep problems in children: a population-based cross-sectional study

Environmental Health ◽

10.1186/s12940-021-00793-0 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Li-Zi Lin ◽

Shu-Li Xu ◽

Qi-Zhen Wu ◽

Yang Zhou ◽

Hui-Min Ma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Life ◽

Sleep Problems ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Liaoning Province ◽

Second Hand Smoke ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Shs Exposure

Abstract Background Previous studies have revealed that current secondhand smoke exposure showed highly suggestive evidence for increased risk of simultaneous sleep problems in children. Data on the associations between early-life exposure to SHS with subsequent sleep problems in children were scarce. We aimed to evaluate the associations of early-life SHS exposure with sleep problems in children. Methods In this cross-sectional study, children were recruited from elementary and middle schools in Liaoning Province, China between April 2012 and January 2013. We assessed early-life SHS exposure (pregnancy and the first 2 years of life) via questionnaires. Sleep problems and different types of sleep-related symptoms were measured based on the validated tool of the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC). Generalized linear mixed models were applied to estimate the associations of early-life SHS exposure with sleep problems. Results We included a total of 45,562 children (22,657 [49.7%] males; mean [SD] age, 11.0 [2.6] years) and 6167 of them (13.5%) were exposed to early-life SHS during both pregnancy and the first 2 years of life. Compared with unexposed counterparts, children exposed to early-life SHS had higher total T-scores of SDSC (β = 4.32; 95%CI: 4.06, 4.58) and higher odds of increased sleep problems (OR = 2.14; 95%CI: 1.89, 2.42). When considering different sleep-related symptoms, the associations between early-life SHS exposure and symptom of sleep-wake transition disorders (i.e., bruxism) were the strongest in all analyses. Conclusions Early-life SHS exposure was associated with higher odds of global sleep problems and different sleep-related symptoms in children aged 6–18 years. Our findings highlight the importance to strengthen efforts to support the critical importance of maintaining a smoke-free environment especially in early life.

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Death associated with coronavirus (COVID-19) infection in individuals with severe mental disorders in Sweden during the early months of the outbreak - a exploratory cross-sectional analysis of a population-based register study

10.1101/2020.09.14.20193987 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Martin Maripuu ◽

Marie Bendix ◽

Louise Öhlund ◽

Micael Widerström ◽

Ursula Werneke

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Population Based ◽

Control Group ◽

Age Group ◽

Swedish Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Somatic Comorbidity

Background: Individuals with severe mental disorder (SMD) have a higher risk of somatic comorbidity and mortality than the rest of the population. We set up a population-based study to assess whether individuals with SMD had a higher risk of death associated with a COVID-19 infection (COVID-19 associated death) than individuals without SMD. Methods: Exploratory analysis with a cross-sectional design in the framework of a population-based register study covering the entire Swedish population. The Swedish Board for Health and Welfare (Socialstyrelsen) provided anonymised tabulated summary data for further analysis. We compared numbers of COVID-19 associated death in individuals with SMD (cases) and without SMD (controls). We calculated the odds ratio (OR) for the whole sample and by age group and four potential risk factors, namely diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, chronic lung disease. Results: The sample comprised of 7,923,859 individuals, 103,999 with SMD and 7,819,860 controls. There were 130 (0.1%) COVID-19 associated deaths in the SMD group and 4945 (0.06%) in the control group, corresponding to an OR of 1.98 (CI 1.66-2.35; p < 0.001). The odds were fourfold in the age group between 60 and 79 years. Cardiovascular diseases increased the odds by 50%. Individuals with SMD without any of the risk factors under study had three-folds odds of COVID-19 associated death. Conclusion: Our preliminary results suggest that individuals with SMD are a further group at increased risk of COVID-19 associated death. The factors contributing to this increased mortality risk require clarification.

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Multi-country cross-sectional study of colonization with multidrug-resistant organisms: protocol and methods for the Antibiotic Resistance in Communities and Hospitals (ARCH) studies

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-11451-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Aditya Sharma ◽

Ulzii-Orishikh Luvsansharav ◽

Prabasaj Paul ◽

Joseph D. Lutgring ◽

Douglas R. Call ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Population Based ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Mitigation Strategies ◽

Invasive Infection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Global Epidemiology ◽

Multidrug Resistant Organisms ◽

High Threat

Abstract Background Antimicrobial resistance is a global health emergency. Persons colonized with multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) are at risk for developing subsequent multidrug-resistant infections, as colonization represents an important precursor to invasive infection. Despite reports documenting the worldwide dissemination of MDROs, fundamental questions remain regarding the burden of resistance, metrics to measure prevalence, and determinants of spread. We describe a multi-site colonization survey protocol that aims to quantify the population-based prevalence and associated risk factors for colonization with high-threat MDROs among community dwelling participants and patients admitted to hospitals within a defined population-catchment area. Methods Researchers in five countries (Bangladesh, Chile, Guatemala, Kenya, and India) will conduct a cross-sectional, population-based prevalence survey consisting of a risk factor questionnaire and collection of specimens to evaluate colonization with three high-threat MDROs: extended-spectrum cephalosporin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (ESCrE), carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Healthy adults residing in a household within the sampling area will be enrolled in addition to eligible hospitalized adults. Colonizing isolates of these MDROs will be compared by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) to routinely collected invasive clinical isolates, where available, to determine potential pathogenicity. A colonizing MDRO isolate will be categorized as potentially pathogenic if the MLST pattern of the colonizing isolate matches the MLST pattern of an invasive clinical isolate. The outcomes of this study will be estimates of the population-based prevalence of colonization with ESCrE, CRE, and MRSA; determination of the proportion of colonizing ESCrE, CRE, and MRSA with pathogenic characteristics based on MLST; identification of factors independently associated with ESCrE, CRE, and MRSA colonization; and creation an archive of ESCrE, CRE, and MRSA isolates for future study. Discussion This is the first study to use a common protocol to evaluate population-based prevalence and risk factors associated with MDRO colonization among community-dwelling and hospitalized adults in multiple countries with diverse epidemiological conditions, including low- and middle-income settings. The results will be used to better describe the global epidemiology of MDROs and guide the development of mitigation strategies in both community and healthcare settings. These standardized baseline surveys can also inform future studies seeking to further characterize MDRO epidemiology globally.

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Combined effect of hypertension and hyperuricemia on ischemic stroke in a rural Chinese population

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-10858-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Peng Sun ◽

Mengqi Chen ◽

Xiaofan Guo ◽

Zhao Li ◽

Ying Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ischemic Stroke ◽

Missing Data ◽

Chinese Population ◽

Joint Effect ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Combined Effect ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Current Smoking ◽

Positive Correlations

Abstract Background To investigate the combined effect of hypertension and hyperuricemia to the risk of ischemic stroke in a rural Chinese population. Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted from 2012 to 2013 in a rural area of China. After exclusion for missing data, we finally included 11,731 participants into analysis. Results After adjusting for age, current smoking, current drinking, BMI, TG, HDL-C and eGFR, hypertension was significantly associated with ischemic stroke in men (OR: 2.783, 95% CI: 1.793, 4.320) and in women (OR: 4.800, 95% CI: 2.945, 7.822). However, hyperuricemia was significantly associated with ischemic stroke only in women (OR: 1.888, 95% CI: 1.244, 2.864). After full adjustment, participants with both hypertension and hyperuricemia had 8.9 times higher risk than those without them. Finally, the interaction between hypertension and hyperuricemia was statistically significant only in women rather than in men after full adjustment. Conclusions This study demonstrated the positive correlations between hypertension, hyperuricemia and ischemic stroke. Our study also demonstrated the joint effect between hypertension and hyperuricemia towards ischemic stroke only in women, not in men.

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Considering serum alanine aminotransferase and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels together strengthen the prediction of impaired fasting glucose risk: a cross-sectional and longitudinal study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-82981-z ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ji Hye Jeong ◽

Susie Jung ◽

Kyu-Nam Kim

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Impaired Fasting Glucose ◽

Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Fasting Glucose ◽

Reference Group ◽

Combined Effect ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Serum Alanine Aminotransferase ◽

Gamma Glutamyltransferase ◽

Fourth Quartile

AbstractEmerging data suggest that an increase in serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) as biomarkers of oxidative stress are associated with increased risk of impaired fasting glucose (IFG). The present study was an investigation of whether an increase in serum ALT and GGT had a combined effect on increasing IFG risk through cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. In the cross-sectional study, data were analyzed from 9937 subjects without diabetes who underwent health check-ups between 1999 and 2001 (baseline data). In the longitudinal study, 6390 subjects were analyzed who had been rechecked between 2009 and 2014, excluding IFG patients from baseline data. In cross-sectional analysis, adjusted odds ratio (OR) of IFG in the fourth quartile of both ALT and GGT was 1.829 (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.545–2.164) compared with the reference group (1st and 2nd quartiles of ALT and GGT). In longitudinal analysis, IFG probability increased gradually with an increase in the circulating levels of ALT and GGT. Adjusted hazard ratios for developing IFG in the fourth quartile of both ALT and GGT was 1.625 (95% CI 1.263–2.091) compared with the reference group (1st and 2nd quartiles). Increased serum ALT and GGT levels are well associated with IFG after potential confounders are adjusted for, and elevated ALT and GGT at the same time can have a combined effect in predicting the development of IFG.

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Prevalence of nocturia among community-dwelling adults: a population-based study in Malaysia

BMC Urology ◽

10.1186/s12894-021-00860-1 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hui-Yin Yow ◽

John Jeh Lung Tiong ◽

Chun-Wai Mai ◽

Esther van der Werf ◽

Zulkifli Md Zainuddin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Condition ◽

Population Based ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Medical Attention ◽

Night Time ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Waking Up ◽

The Impact

Abstract Background Nocturia is widely prevalent condition with detrimental effects on quality of life and general health. In Malaysia, there is a lack of up-to-date prevalence study on nocturia. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of nocturia and awareness pertaining to nocturia among Malaysian adults. Methods A cross-sectional population-based study was conducted among Malaysian adults aged ≥ 18 years old. The data was collected by mixed mode self-administered questionnaire from May 2019 to September 2019. Nocturia was defined as one or more voids at night. Results There were a total of 4616 respondents with 74.5% of response rate. The overall prevalence of nocturia among Malaysian adults was found to be 57.3%. In multivariate analysis, respondents aged 31–40 (1.91 [1.52–2.40]) or > 60 years old (2.03 [1.48–2.71]), and those who presented with hypertension (2.84 [2.28–3.53]), diabetes mellitus (1.78 [1.42–2.25]), renal disease (3.58 [1.93–6.63]) or overactive bladder (1.61 [1.10–2.35]) were associated with higher prevalence of nocturia. A significantly lower disease prevalence (p < 0.05) was noted among those aged 41–50 (0.73 [0.59–0.91]), male (0.78 [0.69–0.88]) and Chinese (0.47 [0.30–0.74]) or Indian (0.34 [0.21–0.54]) ethnicities. A total of 37.3% of respondents with nocturia reported that they faced sleeping difficulty about half the time or more after waking up in the middle of night. Those who had ≥ 2 voids per night experienced significantly higher mean bother score than those who had 1 void per night (p < 0.001). Approximately half (56.7%) of all respondents were not aware that night time urination is a medical condition. Only 25.2% of respondents with nocturia had sought medical attention for their nocturia. Conclusions The prevalence of nocturia among Malaysian adults is high and strongly influenced by age, sex, race and comorbidities. However, the general awareness pertaining to nocturia being a health issue remains low among Malaysians. The findings also highlighted the impact of nocturia on sleep and the need for nocturia education to better address this disease.

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