scholarly journals Alcohol and other drug use among Belgian workers and job-related consequences

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 652-659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Claire Lambrechts ◽  
Lieve Vandersmissen ◽  
Lode Godderis
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Problem Drinking ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Psychoactive Medication ◽  
Alcohol And Other Drugs

ObjectivesThis study aimed to obtain prevalence data on use of alcohol and other drugs (AOD) among Belgian workers, and to explore the associations between self-reported AOD use and job-related effects as experienced by workers, and the level of workers’ well-being, respectively.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study (2016), 5367 workers filled out a questionnaire including validated instruments such as the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption (AUDIT-C). Job-related effects were defined as: being late at work, absenteeism, loss of productivity, injuries, conflicts with co-workers and sanctions by employers. Descriptive and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed.ResultsBased on AUDIT-C, 39.1% of last year drinkers had an indication of problem drinking. The odds of experienced job-related effects was 3.6 (CI 2.86 to 4.60) times larger than the odds among workers without this indication. This ratio decreased to 3.2 (CI 2.52 to 4.11), controlling for language, gender, family context, level of education and sector. Respondents who used illicit drugs more frequently (>once a month) also had an increased risk for experienced job-related effects (OR 5.8; CI 2.87 to 11.84). Having a low level of well-being increased the risk for job-related effects due to psychoactive medication (OR 2.3, CI 1.10 to 4.91).DiscussionIn this study, self-reported AOD use was associated with short-term job-related effects. This suggests that an AOD policy in different sectors is needed with respect for the organisational culture. Its focus should lie on prevention and early detection of AOD problems, and on the mental health of workers. Attention is required for the non-medical use of prescription drugs.

scholarly journals Assessment of knowledge on non-pharmacological methods of pain relief during labour among nurses working in maternity and children hospital, Nepal

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 25-28
Author(s):  
Amshu Dhakal ◽  
Shrooti Shah ◽  
Babita Singh
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
Labor Management ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Confidence ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Women And Children ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background: Labor pain is a universal phenomenon and it is associated with the contraction of uterus. Rather than making the pain disappear with pharmacotherapy, the nurses can assist the laboring women to cope up with, build their self-confidence and maintain a sense of mastery of well-being. Thus, nurses must have knowledge to assess pain to implement pain relief strategies. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out among 52 nurses of Siddhartha Women and Children Hospital, Butwal, Nepal to assess Knowledge about Non-pharmacological Methods of Pain Relief during Labor using structured self-administered questionnaire. The reliability of the tool after pretesting was 0.883. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze the data. Results: Among 52 nurses, 36.5% were 18-22 years of age, 46.2% of them had qualification of Proficiency certificate level Nursing, 40.4% had experience of 3 years- 6 years. In this study, 46.2% had satisfactory knowledge about non-pharmacological methods of pain relief during labor, 32.6% had fair knowledge and remaining 21.2% had poor knowledge. Conclusion: This study concluded that less than half of the nurses had satisfactory knowledge about non-pharmacological methods of pain relief during labor. Since, there is an increased risk of complications resulting from pain and anxiety during labor, management of pain is very essential thus nurse’s knowledge on these methods is crucial. Hence, the nurses should be encouraged to enhance knowledge related to management of labor pain.

scholarly journals The effect of lockdown due to COVID-19 on mentally ill patients and their caregivers: a cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 1276
Author(s):  
Jayashree Janagam ◽  
K. C. Muraleedharan ◽  
Deepthi Gilla ◽  
N. D. Mohan
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mentally Ill ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Pandemics are known to cause poor mental well-being and an increased risk of mental disorders. The foremost concern emerging from different aspects of COVID-19 is its impact on mental health. There were many surveys conducted on the general population related to the effect of COVID-19 and few studies on its psychological impact but there is sparse literature on how the containment measures affected the psychiatric patients. Objective of the study was to investigate whether the COVID-19 related lockdown affected the subjective mood and behavior of psychiatric patients and their caregivers. The secondary purpose is to assess the difficulties encountered in procuring medicines and the effect of non-availability of homoeopathic medicines if any.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on mentally ill patients and their care-givers in the Outpatient Department of Psychiatry in National Homoeopathy Research Institute in Mental Health (NHRIMH), Kottayam. Respondents were evaluated with a specially framed questionnaire containing 22 questions to assess the effect of lockdown on psychiatric patients and their caregivers, who attended the OPD after the COVID-19 related lockdown. The data generated through the study are analysed and presented in this article.Results: Out of the total 548 participants (M-65.9%, F-34.1%) who responded to the survey, 290 (53%) cases expressed that they were distressed to be under lockdown. 26.5% of the clients reported worsening of mental health conditions during lockdown compared to pre-lockdown. 54.2% of the patients found difficulty in procuring homoeopathic medicines during Lockdown.Conclusions: Authorities should consider the ways of limiting the effects of confinement on mentally ill patients and their caregivers by developing strategies to mitigate the adverse consequence of the pandemic. 

scholarly journals Drug use among agriculture-related workers in Thailand

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narumon Janma ◽  
Manop Kanato ◽  
Poonrut Leyatikul
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Treatment Rate ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cluster Environment

Objectives: To examine drug use prevalence and to explore the associations of cluster environment characteristics with drug use among agriculture-related workers in Thailand. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study involving 2936 agriculture-related workers from 10 clusters in 4 regions throughout Thailand. Trained interviewers conducted semi-structured interviews. Additionally, the drug-use patterns and behaviors of 124 current users were structurally observed. A multilevel binary logistic regression model was used to estimate the effects of the cluster environment on drug use. Results: The annual prevalence was 58.73%. Illicit drugs, non-prescription drugs, or over the counter medicines were widely used. Age, sex, and non-prescription behavior were associated with substance use that was statistically significant. Contextual clustering was found to significantly affect drug use among agriculture-related workers. A 1-unit increase in treatment rate predicted 12.7-times higher illicit drug use and 15.3-times higher methamphetamine use. Conclusions: Agricultural work facilitated the spread of drug use The design of the surveillance system should be considered.

scholarly journals Self-isolation during the COVID-19 pandemic is associated with increased risk of burnout among physician trainees: A cross sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Farsi ◽  
Soha A Alomar ◽  
Mai Kadi ◽  
Sara Farsi ◽  
Haifa Algethamy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Living Arrangements ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

The COVID-19 pandemic emerged in late 2019. Previous research has shown a significant prevalence of burnout among physician trainees, with concern that the pandemic will increase burnout. We aimed to assess this risk among trainees at a large academic hospital. We performed a cross-sectional study during the pandemic using a survey that included the Maslach Burnout Inventory. The response rate was 94.7%. Among trainees, 58.5% changed their living arrangements to protect family. Psychological well-being was negatively affected in 81.7% and clinical performance in 64.3%; 13.8% were at high risk of burnout. Emotional exhaustion (EE) scores were high in 50% and depersonalization (DP) scores in 28.8%; a sense of personal accomplishment was low in 41.9%. Increased risk of burnout was associated with male gender and increased exposure to suspected COVID-19 cases. Risk of high EE correlated with an increased number of children and risk of high DP with male gender. High EE and DP score correlated with increased exposure to suspected and confirmed COVID-19 patients. Trainees who self-isolated to protect family were more likely to experience high DP and burnout. Trainees in surgical specialties were more likely to feel their clinical performance was negatively affected. The results suggest that a significant percentage of trainees are at high risk of burnout during the pandemic especially those that attempted self-isolation. Training programs should incorporate methods to maintain well-being and coping, including adequate time off between shifts. Future research should evaluate other aspects of trainee well-being in relation to self-isolation and/or changed living arrangements. Key words: Burnout, Medical education, pandemic, coronavirus, psychological wellbeing, medical residents

scholarly journals Prevalence of postpartum depression and associated factors among women in Mbarara and Rwampara districts of south-western Uganda

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Atuhaire ◽  
Godfrey Zari Rukundo ◽  
Grace Nambozi ◽  
Joseph Ngonzi ◽  
Daniel Atwine ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Southwestern Uganda

Abstract Background Postpartum depression (PPD) is a significant cause of maternal morbidity and has severe consequences on the well-being of mothers, new-borns, families, and communities. PPD reduces the mother’s response to the child’s needs. In severe cases, mothers suffering from PPD are prone to postpartum psychosis, commit suicide and, in rare cases, infanticide. We aimed to determine the prevalence and understand the factors associated with PPD among mothers in southwestern Uganda. Methods This was a cross-sectional study between November 2019 and June 2020 among 292 mothers, 6 to 8 weeks’ postpartum. Mothers were selected from three health facilities in southwestern Uganda and enrolled using stratified consecutive sampling. Postpartum depression was clinically diagnosed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders V. The factors associated with PPD were assessed by using a structured interviewer administered questionnaire. The factors were analyzed using bivariate chi square analyses and multivariate logistic regression. Results Overall prevalence of PPD was 27.1% (95% CI: 22.2–32.5). This did not vary by the number of previous births or mode of birth. Five factors associated with PPD were low perceived social support, HIV positive status, rural residence, obstetrical complications and the baby crying excessively. Conclusion and recommendations Prevalence of PPD in Mbarara and Rwampara districts is higher than what has previously been reported in Uganda indicating an urgent need to identify pregnant women who are at increased risk of PPD to mitigate their risk or implement therapies to manage the condition. Midwives who attend to these mothers need to be empowered with available methods of mitigating prevalence and consequences of PPD. Women who are HIV positive, residing in rural settings, whose babies cry excessively, having low social support systems and who have birth complications may be a particularly important focus for Ugandan intervention strategies to prevent and reduce the prevalence of PPD.

scholarly journals Predictors of Mental Health Status among Quarantined COVID-19 Patients in Saudi Arabia

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1271
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz A. Alodhayani ◽  
Khalid M. Almutairi ◽  
Fahda A. Alshobaili ◽  
Adel F. Alotaibi ◽  
Ghadah Alkhaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychological Impact ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pandemic Preparedness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Arab Region ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Government

Background: The negative psychological impact of COVID-19 in the general population has been well documented. Similar studies among those who were infected and who underwent quarantine remain scarce, particularly in the Arab region. The present study aims to fill this gap. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, suspected/confirmed COVID-19 individuals who were quarantined in the Ministry of Health (MOH) facilities were invited to participate in an online survey. All consenting participants answered a generalized questionnaire that included demographic characteristics, as well as a five-part questionnaire that assessed the symptoms of depression, anxiety, insomnia, and distress. Results: A total of 335 suspected/confirmed COVID-19 individuals (198 males and 137 females) participated. Being female is associated with increased risk of depression (odds ratio OR 1.8 (confidence interval, CI 1.1–3.1; p = 0.03)) as well as being employed by the government (OR 2.8 (CI 1.1–7.0; p = 0.03)). Level of education (OR 2.3 (CI 1.0–5.4; p = 0.049)) and employment in government (OR 3.0 (CI 1.2–7.8; p = 0.02)) were significantly associated with distress. Increasing age (45 years and above) appeared to be protective against distress (OR 0.2 (CI 0.02–0.69; p = 0.008)), as well anxiety and sleep pattern (OR 0.3 p < 0.05). Conclusion: Findings of the present study highlight that infected COVID-19 populations are at higher risk for acute and detrimental psychological well-being during quarantine and/or self-isolation. Identification of the coping mechanisms of older adults during periods of distress may prove beneficial in the pandemic preparedness of younger generations.

scholarly journals Non-medical Use of Prescription Gabapentinoids (Gabapentin and Pregabalin) in Five European Countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francina Fonseca ◽  
William Lenahan ◽  
Richard C. Dart ◽  
Esther Papaseit ◽  
Paul I. Dargan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
General Population ◽  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Abuse Treatment

Background: Non-medical use (NMU) of prescription GABA analogs (pregabalin and gabapentin) has been reported especially in opiate dependent persons. However, by now the prevalence of NMU of gabapentinoids in the general population has not been sufficiently evaluated. The aim of this research paper is to determine the prevalence of prescription GABA analog NMU and associated demographics in five European countries with special detail of Spain.Methods: The RADARS Survey of Non-Medical Use of Prescription Drugs Program (NMURx) is a harmonized series of contemporaneous cross-sectional surveys of adults conducted in multiple countries. NMURx collects data from the general population in each participating country about NMU of prescription drugs, illicit drugs, and associated demographics. NMU was defined as “using a medication without a doctor's prescription or for any reason other than what was recommended by their doctor.” Responses from Spain (4Q2017, n=10,062) were analyzed in detail. Comparative data were available from France, Germany, Italy, and UK. Responses were collected using non-probability quota sampling and post-stratification population weighting was applied to reflect the national distributions of adults, based on age, gender, and census region. Rates of NMU and associated demographics were reported as rate of past 90-day NMU per 100,000 adult population with 95% confidence intervals.Results: Germany (1,197 per 100,000 adult population [95% CI: 1,004.3–1,379.1]) and United Kingdom (1,067 per 100,000 adult population [95% CI: 851.3–1,283.2]) presented the highest prevalence of gabapentinoids NMU. In Spain the prevalence of past 90 days GABA analog NMU was: 344.4, 95% (CI 204.8–484.0), with male predominance. Those who non-medically use GABA analogs had a higher prevalence of lifetime chronic pain, lifetime illicit drug use, and previous substance abuse treatment. In Spain, 20% of respondents who ever have used gabapentinoids, reported a lifetime NMU; the prevalence was higher for pregabalin 624 (6.2%) than for gabapentin 444 (4.4%). The main reasons for use were to self-treat pain and other medical conditions.Conclusions: The risk of NMU of gabapentinoids should not be neglected. Subjects with a history of chronic pain and lifetime substance use disorders had an increased risk of NMU of gabapentinoids.

Conflict Avoidance in Old Age

GeroPsych ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lia Oberhauser ◽  
Andreas B. Neubauer ◽  
Eva-Marie Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Conflict Avoidance ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Lifespan ◽  
Set Up

Abstract. Conflict avoidance increases across the adult lifespan. This cross-sectional study looks at conflict avoidance as part of a mechanism to regulate belongingness needs ( Sheldon, 2011 ). We assumed that older adults perceive more threats to their belongingness when they contemplate their future, and that they preventively react with avoidance coping. We set up a model predicting conflict avoidance that included perceptions of future nonbelonging, termed anticipated loneliness, and other predictors including sociodemographics, indicators of subjective well-being and perceived social support (N = 331, aged 40–87). Anticipated loneliness predicted conflict avoidance above all other predictors and partially mediated the age-association of conflict avoidance. Results suggest that belongingness regulation accounts may deepen our understanding of conflict avoidance in the second half of life.

Perception of Therapeutic Education in Diabetic Patients at Tit Melil Health Center

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mory Sanoh
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Basic Element ◽  
Therapeutic Education ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Oral Antidiabetics ◽  
Educational Training ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type 2 Diabetics

Introduction : A chronic condition like diabetes interferes with an individual's well-being, and if some of their needs are not met because of the disease, their quality of life is reduced. In this context, therapeutic education constitutes a basic element in the management of diabetes.Materials and Methods : A cross-sectional study by self-administered questionnaire and interviews which were carried out with all type 1 and type 2 diabetics, consultants at the level of the Tit Mélil Primary Health Care establishment, in 2019 and who benefited from or not therapeutic education, with or without complications.Result : The study included 50 diabetic patients, surveys show us that type 1 diabetic patients were 13 (26%). And type 2.37 (74%). Regarding the organization of care, 74% of patients say they are under treatment with oral antidiabetics, 10% oral antidiabetics and insulins, 6% insulin therapy and others under diet. Speaking of Food, 76.5% of diabetics know the importance and know what foods to avoid.Conclusion : TVE is possible, it will result in a change in the structure of programs and new educational training for caregivers.

Perceived social support and burden of care of male and female caregivers of patient with schizophrenia

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 10
Author(s):  
Narendra Kumar Singh ◽  
Nishant Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Perceived Social Support ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Burden Of Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Difference

Background: Schizophrenia is associated with a high familial, social and economic burden. Schizophrenia is also associated with a high level of disability which may create impediments on the social and economic areas of the patients as well as on their respective family networks. Families with schizophrenia may encounter problems such as impairment of health and well being of other family members, restriction of social activities of the family members and shrinking of support from the social network. Aims: The present study examined the difference in perceived social support and burden of care between the male and female caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study examining the difference in perceived social support and burden of care between the male and female caregivers of patients with schizophrenia. The sample consisted of 60 (30 male and 30 female) caregivers of the patients with the diagnosis of schizophrenia as per ICD-10-DCR. Results and Conclusion: This study revealed that male caregivers perceived more social support and less burden of care as compared to female caregivers. Key words: Gender, social support, burden

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