Beetroot-based gel supplementation improves handgrip strength and forearm muscle O2 saturation but not exercise tolerance and blood volume in jiu-jitsu athletes

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
pp. 920-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gustavo Vieira de Oliveira ◽  
Luiz Alberto Diniz do Nascimento ◽  
Mônica Volino-Souza ◽  
Jacilene de Souza Mesquita ◽  
Thiago Silveira Alvares
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Exercise Recovery ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Plasma Nitrate ◽  
Double Blind Design

The ergogenic effect of beetroot on the exercise performance of trained cyclists, runners, kayakers, and swimmers has been demonstrated. However, whether or not beetroot supplementation presents a beneficial effect on the exercise performance of jiu-jitsu athletes remains inconclusive. Therefore, the present study assessed the effect of beetroot-based gel (BG) supplementation on maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), exercise time until fatigue (ETF), muscle O2 saturation (SmO2), blood volume (tHb), and plasma nitrate and lactate in response to handgrip isotonic exercise (HIE) in jiu-jitsu athletes. In a randomized, crossover, double-blind design, 12 jiu-jitsu athletes performed 3 sets of HIE at 40% of the MVC until fatigue after 8 days (the eighth dose was offered 120 min previous exercise) of BG supplementation or a nitrate-depleted gel (PLA), and forearm SmO2 and tHb were continuously monitored by using near-infrared spectroscopy. Blood samples were taken before, immediately after exercise, and 20 min after exercise recovery in the PLA and BG conditions. MVC was evaluated at baseline and 20 min after HIE. There was a significant reduction in ΔMVC decline after HIE in the BG condition. Forearm SmO2 during exercise recovery was significantly greater only after BG supplementation. No significant difference in ETF and tHb were observed between both BG and PLA in response to HIE. Plasma nitrate increased only after BG, whereas the exercise-induced increase in plasma lactate was significantly lower in BG when compared with PLA. In conclusion, BG supplementation may be a good nutritional strategy to improve forearm SmO2 and prevent force decline in response to exercise in jiu-jitsu athletes.

Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation Enhances High-Intensity Exercise Performance in Males and Females.

2000 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 452-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Tarnopolsky ◽  
Dan P. MacLennan
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Performance ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
Voluntary Contraction ◽  
Creatine Monohydrate ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Males And Females

Creatine monohydrate supplementation has been shown to enhance high-intensity exercise performance in some but not all studies. Part of the controversy surrounding the ergogenic effect(s) of creatine monohydrate supplementation may relate to design issues that result in low statistical power. A further question that remains unresolved in the creatine literature is whether or not males and females respond in a similar manner to supplementation. We studied the effect of creatine supplementation upon high intensity exercise performance in 24 subjects (n = 12 males, n = 12 females). Creatine monohydrate (Cr; 5g, 4x/d × 4d) and placebo (PI; glucose polymer × 4d) were provided using a randomized. double-blind crossover design (7 week washout). Outcome measures included: 2 × 30-S anaerobic cycle lest, with plasma lactate pre- and post-test; dorsi-flexor: maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), 2-min fatigue test, and electrically stimulated peak and tetanic torque; isokinetic knee extension torque and I -min ischeniic handgrip strength. Significant main effects of Cr treatment included: increased peak and relative peak anaerobic cycling power (↑3.7%; p < .05), dorsi-flexion MVC torque (↑6.6% p < .05), and increased lactate (↑20.8%; p < .05) with no gender specific responses. We concluded that short-term Cr supplementation can increase indices of high-intensity exercise performance for both males and females.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and anti-nociceptive effects of Phyllanthus amarus on improving exercise recovery in sedentary men: a randomized crossover (double-blind) design

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thapanee Roengrit ◽  
Panakaporn Wannanon ◽  
Piyapong Prasertsri ◽  
Yupaporn Kanpetta ◽  
Bung-orn Sripanidkulchai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phyllanthus Amarus ◽  
Exercise Recovery ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Double Blind Design

scholarly journals The Effect of Extract Supplements of Moringa Oleifera Leaves Plus Royal Jelly on Hemoglobin (Hb) Levels of Anemia Pregnant Mother in Takalar Regency

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-29
Author(s):  
Yulni Yulni ◽  
Veni Hadju ◽  
Burhanuddin Bahar ◽  
Citrakesumasari Citrakesumasari ◽  
Rahayu Indriasari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
P Value ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Double Blind Design

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract supplements, Moringa oleifera leaf extract plus royal jelly and placebo on hemoglobin levels in anemic pregnant women. This research is a randomized controlled double blind design study which was conducted in Polombangkeng Utara District, Takalar Regency for 2 months. The subjects of this study were pregnant women with anemia, the majority of which were 20-35 years old, primigravida parity, income less than UMR, unemployment, higher education, pregnancy distance of more than 2 years with p value> 0.05. Then divided into three groups, namely Moringa capsules plus royal jelly (KRJ) (n = 24), Moringa capsules (KTR) (n = 24) and placeco (PLC) (n = 21). Before and after the intervention, measurements of hemoglobin levels were carried out using the Hemocue tool and interviewing the characteristics of the respondents. The results showed that the average Hb level increased from each group (mean SD): KRJ 10.06 ± 0.75 to 11.42 ± 1.23, P = 0.001, KTR 10.40 ± 0.46 to 11.15 ± 0 , 90 P = 0.001 and PLC 10.43 ± 0.42 becomes 11.14 ± 0.88 P = 0.002. but there was no significant difference from the difference in the average increase in Hb levels in the three groups, but there was a tendency that KRJ was superior to the KTR and PLC groups with an increase of 1.36 gr / dl, KTR 0.75 gr / dl and PLC 0.71 gr / dl. So it can be concluded that KRJ is better than KTR and PLC in increasing Hb levels in anemic pregnant women in Takalar Regency.

scholarly journals Randomised controlled general practice trial of sertraline, exposure therapy and combined treatment in generalised social phobia

2001 ◽  
Vol 179 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Blomhoff ◽  
T. T. Haug ◽  
K. Hellström ◽  
I. Holme ◽  
M. Humble ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practice ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Exposure Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Combined Treatment ◽  
Practice Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Double Blind Design

BackgroundNo controlled trial of treatment of generalised social phobia has been conducted in general practice.AimsTo examine the efficacy of sertraline or exposure therapy, administered alone or in combination in this setting.MethodStudy was of a randomised, double-blind design. Patients (n=387) received sertraline 50–150 mg or placebo for 24 weeks. Patients were additionally randomised to exposure therapy or general medical care.ResultsSertraline-treated patients were significantly more improved than non-sertraline-treated patients (χ2=12.53, P<0.001; odds ratio=0.534; 95% CI 0.347–0.835). No significant difference was observed between exposure— and non-exposure-treated patients (χ2=2.18, P=0.140; odds ratio=0.732; 95% CI 0.475–1.134). In the pairwise comparisons, combined sertraline and exposure (χ2=12.32; P<0.001) and sertraline (χ2=10.13; P=0.002) were significantly superior to placebo.ConclusionsSertraline is an effective treatment for generalised social phobia. Combined treatment with sertraline and exposure therapy, conducted by the general practitioner, may enhance the treatment efficacy in primary care.

scholarly journals Influence of Apical Enlargement in Cleaning of Curved Canals Using Negative Pressure System

2014 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 430-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina Torales Lorencetti ◽  
Yara Teresinha Corrêa Silva-Sousa ◽  
Gabriel Elias do Nascimento ◽  
Danielle Cristine Furtado Messias ◽  
Vivian Colucci ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Pressure ◽  
Smear Layer ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Design Data ◽  
Pressure System ◽  
Root Canals ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Double Blind Design ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study aimed to evaluate, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the cleaning of canal walls with moderate curvature subjected to biomechanical preparation with different final diameters using apical negative pressure irrigation. Thirty-two mesiobuccal roots of molars were divided into 4 groups (n=8) according to the instrument's final diameter: GI: 30.02, GII: 35.02, GIII: 40.02 and GIV: 45.02. Irrigating procedure was performed at each change of instrument with 1% NaOCl using the Endovac system. Final irrigation was conducted with 17% EDTA for 5 min. The SEM photomicrographs were evaluated under 35× and 1000× magnification, by three calibrated examiners, in a double-blind design. Data were submitted to Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn's post hoc tests (α=0.05). Canals instrumented with 30.02 and 35.02 final diameters showed more debris, statistically different from the other groups (p<0.05). Comparing each root canal third, for the cervical and apical portions no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) was found among the four groups. Regarding the presence of smear layer, canals with 30.02 final diameter showed the highest scores, statistically different from the 45.02 group (p<0.05) and similar to the 35.02 and the 40.02 groups (p>0.05). Although none of the studied diameters completely removed debris and smear layer, it may be concluded that instrumentation with higher final diameters was more effective in cleaning the root canals with moderate curvature.

Influence of polycythemia on blood volume and thermoregulation during exercise-heat stress

1987 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 912-918 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. N. Sawka ◽  
R. C. Dennis ◽  
R. R. Gonzalez ◽  
A. J. Young ◽  
S. R. Muza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Stress Test ◽  
Plasma Osmolality ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Phosphate Solution ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Glucose Phosphate ◽  
Double Blind Design ◽  
Male Subjects

We studied the effects of autologous erythrocyte infusion on blood volume and thermoregulation during exercise in the heat. By use of a double-blind design, nine unacclimated male subjects were infused with either 600 ml of a NaCl-glucose-phosphate solution containing a approximately 50% hematocrit (n = 6, reinfusion) or 600 ml of this solution only (n = 3, saline). A heat stress test (HST) was attempted approximately 2-wk pre- and 48-h postinfusion during the late spring months. After 30 min of rest in a 20 degrees C antechamber, the HST consisted of a 120-min exposure (2 repeats of 15 min rest and 45 min treadmill walking) in a hot (35 degrees C, 45% rh) environment while euhydrated. Erythrocyte volume (RCV, 51Cr) and plasma volume (PV, 125I) were measured 24 h before each HST, and maximal O2 uptake (VO2max) was measured 24 h after each HST. Generally, no significant effects were found for the saline group. For the reinfusion group, RCV (11%, P less than 0.01) and VO2max (11%, P less than 0.05) increased after infusion, and the following observations were made: 1) the increased RCV was associated with a reduction in PV to maintain the same blood volume as during the preinfusion measurements; 2) polycythemia reduced total circulating protein but did not alter F-cell ratio, plasma osmolality, plasma protein content, or plasma lactate at rest or during exercise-heat stress; 3) polycythemia did not change the volume of fluid entering the intravascular space from rest to exercise-heat stress; and 4) polycythemia tended to reduce the rate of heat storage during exercise-heat stress.

scholarly journals Interpretation of Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) Signals in Skeletal Muscle

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeola A. Sanni ◽  
Kevin K. McCully
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Muscle Oxygen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Forearm Flexor Muscles ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Forearm Flexor

NIRS uses the relative absorption of light at 850nm and 760nm, to determine skeletal muscle oxygen saturation. Previous studies have used the ratio of both signals to report muscle oxygen saturation. Purpose: To evaluate the different approaches used to represent muscle oxygen saturation, and to evaluate the pulsations of the O2heme and Heme signal. Method: Twelve participants, ages 20-29years were tested on the forearm flexor muscles using continuous wave NIRS at rest. Measurements were taken during 2-3mins rest, during physiological calibration (5-minuts Ischemia) and during reperfusion.&nbsp; Results: There was a significant difference in pulse size between O2heme and Heme signal at the three locations (p &lt; 0.05). Resting oxygen saturation was 58.8+9.2%, 69.6+3.9%, and 89.2+6.9% when calibrated using O2heme, TSI, and Heme, respectively.&nbsp; Conclusion: The difference in magnitude of O2heme and Heme pulse with each heartbeat might suggest different anatomical locations of these signals, which propose calibrating with just one of the signals instead of the ratio of both. Calculations of physiological calibration must account for increased blood volume in the tissue, because of the changes in blood volume which appear to be primarily from the O2heme signal. Resting oxygen levels calibrated with Heme agrees with theoretical oxygen saturation.

scholarly journals A single dose of beetroot juice improves endothelial function but not tissue oxygenation in pregnant women: a randomised clinical trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 120 (9) ◽  
pp. 1006-1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mônica Volino-Souza ◽  
Gustavo Vieira de Oliveira ◽  
Thiago Silveira Alvares
Keyword(s):  
Single Dose ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Beetroot Juice ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Muscle Oxygen ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Double Blind Design

AbstractBeetroot juice (BJ) consumption has been associated with improved cardiovascular health owing to an increase in NO bioconversion. This study evaluates the effect of BJ consumption on macrovascular endothelial function (flow-mediated dilation (FMD)) and muscle oxygen saturation (StO2) parameters in pregnant women within a randomised, crossover, double-blind design in which twelve pregnant women consumed a single dose (140 ml) of BJ or placebo (PLA). Urinary nitrate was assessed before (T0) and 150 min after BJ/PLA consumption. FMD was used to evaluate macrovascular endothelial function, and near-IR spectroscopy was used to evaluate muscle StO2 parameters during the occlusion and reperfusion phases, which were taken at baseline (PRE) and 120 and 140 min after BJ/PLA consumption, respectively. A significant increase in urinary nitrate was observed at 150 min after BJ consumption when compared with T0 (BJ: 0·20 (sd 0·13) v. T0: 0·02 (sd 0·00), P=0·000) and PLA intervention (PLA: 0·02 (sd 0·00), P=0·001). FMD improved after BJ consumption when compared with PRE (BJ: 11·00 (sd 1·67) v. PRE: 5·53 (sd 1·17), P=0·000) and PLA (5·34 (sd 1·31), P=0·000). No significant difference between PLA and PRE in FMD (P=1·000) was observed. In StO2 parameters, a difference was not observed after BJ consumption compared with PRE and PLA intervention. The data demonstrate that a single dose of 140 ml of BJ consumption improves macrovascular endothelial function, but not StO2 parameters.

scholarly journals Spectral Analysis of Muscle Hemodynamic Responses in Post-Exercise Recovery Based on Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (9) ◽  
pp. 3072
Author(s):  
Qitao Tan ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Zengyong Li ◽  
Daifa Wang ◽  
Wing-Kai Lam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spectral Analysis ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Near Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Recovery Period ◽  
Exercise Session ◽  
Frequency Interval ◽  
Wavelet Energy ◽  
Significant Difference

Spectral analysis of blood flow or blood volume oscillations can help to understand the regulatory mechanisms of microcirculation. This study aimed to explore the relationship between muscle hemodynamic response in the recovery period and exercise quantity. Fifteen healthy subjects were required to perform two sessions of submaximal plantarflexion exercise. The blood volume fluctuations in the gastrocnemius lateralis were recorded in three rest phases (before and after two exercise sessions) using near-infrared spectroscopy. Wavelet transform was used to analyze the total wavelet energy of the concerned frequency range (0.005–2 Hz), which were further divided into six frequency intervals corresponding to six vascular regulators. Wavelet amplitude and energy of each frequency interval were analyzed. Results showed that the total energy raised after each exercise session with a significant difference between rest phases 1 and 3. The wavelet amplitudes showed significant increases in frequency intervals I, III, IV, and V from phase 1 to 3 and in intervals III and IV from phase 2 to 3. The wavelet energy showed similar changes with the wavelet amplitude. The results demonstrate that local microvascular regulators contribute greatly to the blood volume oscillations, the activity levels of which are related to the exercise quantity.

scholarly journals Effects of an Exogenous Ketone Supplement on Five‐Kilometer Running Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 72 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip J. Prins ◽  
Andrew P. Koutnik ◽  
Dominic P. D’Agostino ◽  
Christopher Q. Rogers ◽  
Jacob F. Seibert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Performance ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Medium Chain Triglyceride ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Performance Time ◽  
Feeling Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Improve Exercise Performance ◽  
Endurance Runners

AbstractNumerous oral ketone supplements are marketed with the claim that they will rapidly induce ketosis and improve exercise performance. The purpose of this study was to assess exercise performance time and related physiological, metabolic and perceptual responses of recreational endurance runners after ingestion of a commercially available oral ketone supplement. Recreational endurance runners (n = 10; age: 20.8 ± 1.0 years; body mass: 68.9 ± 5.6 kg; height: 175.6 ± 4.9 cm) participated in a double-blind, crossover, repeated-measures study where they were randomized to 300 mg.kg-1 body weight of an oral β-hydroxybutyrate-salt + Medium Chain Triglyceride (βHB-salt+MCT) ketone supplement or a flavor matched placebo (PLA) 60 min prior to performing a 5-km running time trial (5KTT) on a treadmill. Time, HR, RPE, affect, RER, VO2, VCO2, and VE were measured during the 5-km run. The Session RPE and affect (Feeling Scale) were obtained post-5KTT. Plasma glucose, lactate and ketones were measured at baseline, 60-min post-supplement, and immediately post-5KTT. Plasma R-βHB (endogenous isomer) was elevated from baseline and throughout the entire protocol under the βHB-salt+MCT condition (p < 0.05). No significant difference (58.3 ± 100.40 s; 95% CI: -130.12 – 13.52; p = 0.100) was observed between the βHB-salt+MCT supplement (1430.0 ± 187.7 s) and the PLA (1488.3 ± 243.8 s) in time to complete the 5KTT. No other differences (p > 0.05) were noted in any of the other physiological, metabolic or perceptual measures.

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