Effect of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii on seed germination in celery (Apium graveolens)

The effects of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. apii on celery seed germination were investigated with the hope of developing a germ-plasm screening procedure with seeds. Seeds of celery lines known to exhibit a range of disease responses to the pathogen as whole plants were inoculated with two different virulence types and in two ways: (1) spore–mycelial suspensions in potato dextrose broth (PDB), and (2) spore–mycelial suspensions in sterile H2O. Inoculum in PDB retarded germination in all celery lines and the relative degree of this retardation was congruent with virulence of the pathogen and, in general, relative retardation of germination was also in agreement with whole-plant disease response. Inoculum in H2O stimulated germination and the degree of stimulation also appeared related to degree of whole-plant disease response. Extracts from disease lesions incited by F. oxysporum f. sp. apii on celery exerted a dose-dependent inhibition of germination but filtrates from 14-day-old cultures in PDB had no significant effect.

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Enhanced Celery Germination at Stress Temperature via Solid Matrix Priming

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.28.1.20 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 20-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Carlos A. Parera ◽

Ping Qiao ◽

Daniel J. Cantliffe

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Apium Graveolens ◽

Solid Matrix ◽

Calcined Clay ◽

Celery Seed ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Celery Seeds

To alleviate high-temperature-induced reductions in seed germination, emergence, and seedling uniformity in celery (Apium graveolens L.), seeds were primed via solid matrix priming (SMP); 0.5 g celery seeds was incubated at 15C with 10 g calcined clay and 2 ml water. After 2 days, 1, 2, 3, or 4 ml water or 1% NaOCl solution was added and seeds were kept for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 additional days. The germination percentage and coefficient of germination velocity (COV) were calculated for each treatment at 15 and 30C. The seeds primed with NaOCl gained significantly less moisture after 8 days of priming than those treated with water, regardless of the volume added. Germination of nonprimed seeds was 83% and 2% at 15 and 30C, respectively. Final germination at 30C increased to >80% when seeds were primed with 3 or 4 ml NaOCl solution or 3 ml water for >10 days. SMP treatment significantly reduced the negative effect of high temperature on celery seed germination.

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ENHANCED GERMINATION OF CELERY AT STRESS TEMPERATURE VIA SOLID MATRIX PRIMING

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.27.6.577e ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 27 (6) ◽

pp. 577e-577

Author(s):

Daniel J. Cantliffe ◽

Ping Oiao ◽

Carlos A. Parera

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Seed Germination ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Germination Percentage ◽

Apium Graveolens ◽

Solid Matrix ◽

Time Interval ◽

Celery Seed ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Negative Effect

The high temperature severely reduces seed germination, emergence, and seedling uniformity in celery (Apium graveolens L.). Celery seeds were primed via solid matrix priming (SMP) using water or 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) solution at 1, 2, 3 or 4 ml rate for 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 days. Moisture content of the seeds was calculated for each priming treatment and time interval. After priming, the seeds were dried back to the original dry weight. The germination percentage was calculated for each treatment at two different temperatures (15 and 30C). The seed primed with NaOCl gained significantly less moisture during priming than the water treatment. Seeds primed with NaOCl had significantly greater germination at both 15 and 30C, compared to seeds primed with water. The germination percentage of non-primed seeds was 83% and 2% at 15C and 30C, respectively. The final germination percentage at 30C was increase to 85% when the seeds were primed with 3 ml of NaOCl for 14 days. The combination of SMP with NaOCl significantly reduced the negative effect of high temperature on celery seed germination.

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Study of Vidanga on Krimi Roga w.s.r. to Round Worms

Journal of Ayurveda and Integrated Medical Sciences (JAIMS) ◽

10.21760/jaims.v2i04.9448 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (04) ◽

Author(s):

Abhilasha . ◽

Vijay Shankar Dubey

Keyword(s):

Public Health Problem ◽

Intestinal Wall ◽

Major Public Health Problem ◽

Embelia Ribes ◽

Worm Infestation ◽

Whole Plant ◽

The Face ◽

Whole Plants ◽

Recurrent Nature ◽

Weak Resistance

Krimi have been considered a major public health problem through out the world (WHO, 1967 Wandan, 1983 McLaren, 1984). In our country this problem is equally significant. It effects the children more frequently than adult (CCRAS 1987). Krimi hamper growth and development of a person, create malnutritional condition and decrease immunity thus the effective solution of this problem is necessary. Of all the herbs used in treating worm infestation, Vidanga is the best. So, Vidanga was selected for the present study. Whole plant of Embelia ribes Linn. were used as materials, as whole plants are used as medicine. Acharya Charaka describe Krimiroga in Vimanasthana. In most of patients, who are suffering from worm infestation have an Vivarnata (discolouration) on the face. “Vivarnata” had been described by Acharya Charaka under the Lakshana of Purishaja Krimi and it has been also described in Rasavaha Srotodusti Lakshana. Krimis robe the digestive nutritive assets through the intestinal wall, which we are making with high effort. So the deficiency of Rasa Dhatu create. According to Dhatu Poshana Nyaya if the Rasa Dhatu is not sufficient then other Dhatu can’t form properly and ultimate weak resistance and poor immunity develops and it is one cause of recurrent nature of disease. Prakriti Vighata and Nidana Parivarjana eradicate Krimiroga from the base.

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Allelopathic effects of invasive alien species Parthenium hysterophorus L. on seed germination of paddy and wheat

Himalayan Biodiversity ◽

10.3126/hebids.v6i0.33526 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 1-5

Author(s):

Binita Shrestha ◽

Chandra Bahadur Thapa

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Parthenium Hysterophorus ◽

Cereal Crops ◽

Wheat Roots ◽

Plant Parts ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Whole Plant ◽

Maximum Inhibition ◽

Allelopathic Effects ◽

Stem Leaf

The invasive species are the major cause of crop loss, across the globe, mainly due to their allelopathic effects on the growth of crop plants. In this study, we explored the allelopathic effects of Parthenium hysterophorus on germination of two major cereal crops of Nepal, Rice (Oryza sativa) and Wheat (Triticum aestivum). The experiment was conducted at laboratory of Department of Botany, Prithivi Narayan Campus, Pokhara, Nepal during 2017. In laboratory, seeds of rice and wheat were treated with aqueous extracts of P. hysterophorus plant parts viz. root, stem, leaf, inflorescence and whole plant with concentration of 5, 10, 15 and 20%. The experiment was laid out in a complete randomized design (CRD) in a factorial arrangement with three replicates of each test. The result suggests that the effect was more on wheat than on rice. The maximum inhibition in seed germination of rice was recorded by the inflorescence extract however, in wheat seed germination was inhibited by leaf extract. In both rice and wheat, roots were highly affected than shoots because root first encounters the toxic allelochemicals and absorbs it. The highest concentration (20%) of leaf, inflorescence and whole plant extract was found to be most pernicious whereas root and stem were recorded to have little effects.

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Frecuencias de corte y niveles de fertilización nitrogenada en rendimiento y calidad del forrraje de morera (Morus sp.), en Cuyuta, Guatemala

Agronomía Mesoamericana ◽

10.15517/am.v3i0.25204 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 ◽

pp. 48

Author(s):

Carlos Rodríguez ◽

Juan A. Quiñones ◽

Rodrigo Arias

Keyword(s):

Dry Matter ◽

Ground Level ◽

Dry Matter Digestibility ◽

Yield And Quality ◽

Whole Plant ◽

Dual Purpose Cattle ◽

Whole Plants ◽

Cutting Height

The trial was conducted at the Centro de Producción Agrícola of ICfA in Cuyuta, Escuintla-Guatemala in order to generate information on the yield and quality of edible mulberry (Morus sp.) roughage treatments consisted of three harvest frequencies (6; 9 and 12 weeks and three fertilization levels of nitrogen (0.40 and 80 kg/ha). A complete randomized block experimental design, with a factorial arrangement (3x3) was used. The cutting height was 0.3 m above the ground level with two sequencies: from August 2nd to September 13 th and from September 13th to December 6th, 1990. In both cases, the 12 week frequency cutting and 80 kg of N were superior to the others (P<=0.01), yielding 6.87 and 6.15 t/ha of dry matter respectively. The yields at 9 weeks were statistically higher than those at 6 weeks. The highest protein percentage of the whole plant, leaves and stalks were produced at 6 weeks. The dry matter digestibility values in vitro showed little variability among treatments, with averages for whole plants, leaves and stalks of 65, 91 and 41 %, respectively. The preceeding data suggests that the mulberry has an excellent potential as a balanced supplement (protein and energy) for dual purpose cattle on the Southern coast of Guatemala.

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Effect of Proline and Aspirin on Seed Germination and Seedling Growth of Lycopersicon esculentum and Surface Growth of Fusarium oxysporum

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.11.2.813-818 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 813-818

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Lycopersicon Esculentum ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Seedling Growth ◽

Surface Growth ◽

Seed Decay ◽

Effect Of Surface ◽

Infection Percentage

Research was conducted to study the effect of proline and aspirin with 10 and 20 ppm on seed germination and seedling growth of Lycopersicon esculentum and the effect of surface growth of Fusarium oxysporum. The results showed that the proline and aspirin effected significantly to decreased percentage of seed germination, acceleration of germination, promoter indicator, elongation speed of radical and plumule and also the infection percentage of seed decay and surface growth of Fusarium oxysporum was reduced significantly.

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NEAR-WILT OF PEAS IN ONTARIO

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps59-065 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 39 (4) ◽

pp. 483-490

Author(s):

Blair H. MacNeill ◽

Helen Howard

Keyword(s):

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Wilt Disease ◽

Disease Response ◽

New Era ◽

Host Parasite Relationship ◽

Parasite Relationship ◽

Race 2 ◽

Host Parasite

It has been found that the near-wilt disease of peas, caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. pisi race 2 (Linford) Snyder & Hansen, is now present in the canning districts of Ontario. Conclusions as to the identity of the fungus associated with the wilting condition in field plants have been based upon a study of the differential disease-response of the pea varieties Little Marvel, W.R. Perfection and New Era, the histology of infection in the susceptible pea host, and the characteristics of the fungus when in culture. The capacity of the fungus to establish a symptomless host-parasite relationship with certain legumes not normally regarded as susceptible to the near-wilt pathogen has been demonstrated. The possible role of such "non-susceptible hosts" in perpetuating the fungus between pea crops has been discussed.

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Induction of Defense-Related Enzymes in Banana Plants: Effect of Live and Dead Pathogenic Strain of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense

ISRN Biotechnology ◽

10.5402/2013/601303 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 2013 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Janki N. Thakker ◽

Samiksha Patel ◽

Pinakin C. Dhandhukia

Keyword(s):

Enzyme Activity ◽

Fusarium Oxysporum ◽

Defense Response ◽

Biocontrol Agent ◽

Potential Candidate ◽

Marker Enzyme ◽

Panama Disease ◽

Disease Response ◽

Subsequent Exposure ◽

Plant Vaccine

The aim of the present study was to scrutinize the response of banana (Grand Naine variety) plants when interacting with dead or live pathogen, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense, a causative agent of Panama disease. Response of plants was evaluated in terms of induction of defense-related marker enzyme activity, namely, peroxidase (POX), polyphenol oxidase (PPO), -1,3 glucanase, chitinase, and phenolics. Plant's interaction with live pathogen resulted in early induction of defense to restrain penetration as well as antimicrobial productions. However, pathogen overcame the defense of plant and caused disease. Interaction with dead pathogen resulted in escalating defense response in plants. Later on plants inoculated with dead pathogen showed resistance to even forced inoculation of live pathogen. Results obtained in the present study suggest that dead pathogen was able to mount defense response in plants and provide resistance to Panama disease upon subsequent exposure. Therefore, preparation from dead pathogen could be a potential candidate as a biocontrol agent or plant vaccine to combat Panama disease.

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VARIABILITY OF IN VITRO DIGESTIBILITY AMONG CLONES OF BROMEGRASS AND ORCHARDGRASS

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps68-009 ◽

1968 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 67-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

B. R. Christie ◽

D. N. Mowat

Keyword(s):

Dactylis Glomerata ◽

Bromus Inermis ◽

In Vitro Digestibility ◽

Phenotypic Characteristics ◽

Whole Plant ◽

Stems And Leaves ◽

Dactylis Glomerata L ◽

Whole Plants ◽

Genotypic Effects

Individual clones of bromegrass (Bromus inermis Leyss) and orchardgrass (Dactylis glomerata L.) were harvested at corresponding stages of maturity within each species. The orchardgrass clones were harvested in 1962, and the in vitro digestibility (IVD) was based on the whole plant. Bromegrass clones, harvested in 1965 and 1966, were separated into leaves and stems. The IVD of each component was determined, and from these, the IVD for the whole plant was estimated.Among 444 orchardgrass clones, IVD values ranged from 49 to 68%. Most of the variation was attributed to genotypic effects. For approximately 250 clones of bromegrass, IVD values ranged from 66 to 75%, 58 to 73%, and 62 to 74%, for leaves, stems, and whole plants respectively. Over the 2-year period, differences among stems and whole plants were significant. Correlations between leaf and stem digestibilities were significant but of low magnitude. Ten clones of bromegrass had stems and leaves of equal digestibility.In bromegrass, IVD values showed no relationship to several phenotypic characteristics.

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Identification and Bioassay of Allelopathic Substances from Plant and Rhizosphere Soil Extracts of Adzuki Bean (Vigna angularis [Willd.] Ohwi & H. Ohashi.)

Journal of Agricultural Science ◽

10.5539/jas.v8n11p30 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (11) ◽

pp. 30 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

H. Song ◽

P. P. Zhang ◽

X. L. Gao ◽

S. X. Xu ◽

Q. Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Rhizosphere Soil ◽

Adzuki Bean ◽

Aqueous Extracts ◽

Rhizospheric Soil ◽

Vigna Angularis ◽

Culture Dish ◽

Soil Extracts ◽

Whole Plant ◽

The Impact

The soil sickness of Adzuki bean [Vigna angularis (Willd.) Ohwi & H. Ohashi] have been getting attention seriously under a continuously mono-cropping management-system in China. To investigate the allelopathy of rhizosphere soil and plant of Adzuki bean, culture dish and pot experiments were conducted. The compounds in the products were identified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).The aqueous extracts from rhizospheric soil and whole plant inhibited seed index (seed germination and seed potential) and plant growth under different degrees, and it showed concentration gradient effect on the inhibition of seed germination. Inhibition was stronger with increasment in extract concentration with the highest effect at 0.16 parts aqueous extract to 1 parts deionized water (0.16g·mL-1). The impact on growth varied among aqueous extracts from rhizospheric soil and the whole plant. Five phenolic compounds, cinnamic, phthalic, p-hydroxybenzoic, and isobutyricand glutaric acids, were detected from the rhizosphere soil and plant extract of Adzuki bean by HPLC method. Cinnamic, phthalic, and p-hydroxybenzoicacids were higher than that of the other phenolic acids. This result suggests that autotoxicity effects of phenolics on Adzuki bean probably happen in continuous mono-cropping systems.

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