Dental anatomy of the apex predator Sinraptor dongi (Theropoda: Allosauroidea) from the Late Jurassic of China

The dental morphology of the holotype of the theropod Sinraptor dongi from the Jurassic Shishugou Formation of China is comprehensively described. We highlight a combination of dental features that appear to be restricted to Sinraptor: (i) crowns with denticulated mesial and distal carinae extending from the root and an irregular surface texture on the enamel; (ii) a D- to salinon-shaped cross-sectional outline at the crown base in mesialmost teeth; (iii) mesial crowns with mesial carinae spiraling mesiolingually and lingually positioned longitudinal groove adjacent to the mesial carina; and (iv) particularly labiolingually compressed lateral teeth with weakly labially deflected distal carinae, flat to concave basocentral surfaces of the labial margins of the crowns, and horizontally elongated distal denticles showing short to well-developed interdenticular sulci. Using cladistic, multivariate, discriminant, and cluster analyses, we demonstrate that the dentition of Sinraptor is relatively similar to that of ceratosaurids, megalosauroids, and other allosauroids and is particularly close to that of Allosaurus. The dental anatomy of Sinraptor and Allosaurus, which differs mainly in the labiolingual compression of the lateral crowns and in the number of premaxillary teeth, shows adaptations towards a predatory lifestyle, including premaxillary teeth capable of enduring tooth-to-bone contact and crowns with widely separated mesial and distal carinae capable of inflicting widely open wounds.

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Outcome of Nasolabial Flap in Buccal Mucosal Reconstruction in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

KYAMC Journal ◽

10.3329/kyamcj.v10i1.41484 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 48-53

Author(s):

Rokonuzzaman ◽

Md Zahedur Rahman ◽

Md Shahidul Islam

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Surface Texture ◽

Buccal Mucosa ◽

Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽

Nasolabial Flap ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Orofacial Region

Background: Surgical defects of oral cavity and orofacial region are challenging because of the aesthetic and functional demands and dynamic nature of the area. A multitude of reconstructive options are available and with the advent of musculocutaneous flaps and free microvascular tissue transfer, orofacial reconstruction has entered an era of sophistication whereby repair of defects of all types and sizes has become possible. Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the functional outcome, surface texture and complications of nasolabial flap for reconstruction in the buccal mucosal defects. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional observational study was conducted 20 patients with clinical histological diagnosed squamous cell carcinoma (SCC;T1-T3 ) involving buccal mucosa attending in the Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery department of Dhaka Dental College and Hospital during this study period were included purposively in the study. All patients were treated by excision of the lesion and subsequent reconstruction of the defect by nasolabial flap. If indicated then patients received adjuvant radiotherapy. They were examined preoperatively, immediate postoperatively, on discharge and 3 months after operation. Data were analyzed by SPSS statistics (version 20) software. To find out the significance of the result one way ANOVA was conducted and the Post Hoc Test was done by LSD. Results: Among 20 patients 15% (3) patients developed infection, 15% (3) patients developed dehiscence. Trismus occurred in 5% (1) patient. In assessment of interincisal opening of the patients, 90% (18) presented with adequate interincisal opening but it has been reduced in 10% (2) patients after radiotherapy. In 90% (18) patients surface texture of the flap were smooth and in 10% (2) were partially smooth. Conclusion:The nasolabial flap has proved to be a useful and reliable option for reconstruction of defects of the buccal mucosa in order to allow wound closure without tension and maintain oral function. KYAMC Journal Vol. 10, No.-1, April 2019, Page 48-53

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Morphological characterization of permanent dentition of a group of Afrodescendants at Istmina (Chocó, Colombia)

Revista Estomatología ◽

10.25100/re.v25i2.6499 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 17

Author(s):

Pedro Asprilla ◽

Kevin Franco ◽

Jessica Morales ◽

Freddy Moreno

Keyword(s):

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Morphological Characterization ◽

Permanent Dentition ◽

Indigenous Populations ◽

Dental Morphology ◽

State University ◽

Arizona State University ◽

Dental Anthropology ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Central Ridge

Aim: Characterize the permanent dentition morphology of a group of Afrodescendants of Istmina (Chocó, Colombia). Materials y methods: This quantitative cross-sectional study determined the frequency and variability of 35 incisor, canine, premolar and molar morphological features of the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System in 100 self-described individuals as Afrodescendants (50 Female and 50 male), aged between 5 and 18 years. Results: Significant frequencies of winging (99%), double blade of the central incisors (86%), convexity of the lips (41%), crest of the shoulder (35%), and distal crest (39% to 45%) were identified (95% to 98%), central ridge (82% and 80%), mesolingual groove (79%), distolingual groove (81%), hippocampus reduction (86%), Carabelli cusp ) And cusp 7 (64%). No sexual dimorphism and bilateral asymmetry were found in the MCDS studied. Conclusions: The frequency and variability of the MCDD included in the dendrogram showed that the Isthmian group had a typical dental morphology of the Afrodescendant populations distributed on the Colombian Pacific coast, which were derived from groups of the West African coast included in The dental complex of Saharan Africa. Likewise, it was possible to detect the influence of mestizo and indigenous populations occupying the same geopolitical space.

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Root Canal Configuration of the Maxillary Second Permanent Molars in Pakistani Subpopulation

Journal of The Pakistan Dental Association ◽

10.25301/jpda.303.209 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 30 (03) ◽

pp. 209-214

Author(s):

Mansoor Khan Khan ◽

◽

Alia Ahmed ◽

Muhammad Qasim Javed

Keyword(s):

Root Canal ◽

Dental Morphology ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Second Molar ◽

Morphological Variations ◽

Molar Teeth ◽

Permanent Molars ◽

Root Canal System ◽

International University

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study is to assess the variations in the root canal configuration of maxillary second permanent molars in the Pakistani subpopulation by using different clinical aids in vivo. METHODOLOGY: The Cross-sectional analytical study was conducted from April to October 2018 at the College of Dentistry, Riphah International University, Pakistan. The root canal configurations of Maxillary second molars were evaluated in 95 adult patients that presented to the Operative Department, after obtaining consent. After access cavity preparation the orifices were identified and cross checked using 2.5x magnification and different clinical tests. Data analysis was done by utilizing SPSS version 23. RESULTS: Out of the 95 teeth 6(6.3%) teeth had a single canal, 7(7.4%) teeth had two canals, 58(61.1%) teeth had three canals and 24(25.3%) teeth had four canals. Age-wise analysis of the frequency of different canals showed that prevalence of molars with three canals was significantly higher in the subjects with age between 41 and 50 years. Conclusion: Overall, the study noted four morphological variations in the root canal configuration of Maxillary second molar teeth in Pakistani subpopulation. Hence, while executing the endodontic treatment in the maxillary second molars a thorough assessment of the root canal system should be carried out. The results of the study can guide Pakistani dentists. KEYWORDS: Permanent Maxillary second molar, Dental Morphology, Endodontics, Pakistan

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NiO Development on FeCrAl Substrate for Catalytic Converter Using Ultrasonic and Nickel Electroplating Methods

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.129-131.1262 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 129-131 ◽

pp. 1262-1266 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Darwin Sebayang ◽

Putrasari Yanuandri ◽

Sulaiman B. Hasan ◽

Pudji Untoro

Keyword(s):

Surface Roughness ◽

Surface Area ◽

Catalytic Converter ◽

Ultrasonic Method ◽

High Surface ◽

High Surface Area ◽

Irregular Surface ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Nickel Electroplating ◽

Area Development

The irregular surface roughness morphology due to ultrasonic method was used approach for increasing the high surface area of substrate and catalyst. The purpose of this paper is to show the ultrasonic and nickel electroplating methods for NiO automotive catalyst development on FeCrAl substrate. The process began with pretreatment of FeCrAl using SiC and/or Al2O3 solution agitating by ultrasonic and followed with nickel electroplating. The oxidation test was conducted for developing the NiO. The physical morphology structure of the presence NiO on the FeCrAl substrate was analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) in combination with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The cross sectional observation show the NiO catalyst completely existed on the FeCrAl. The ultrasonic method increases the irregular surface roughness morphology on FeCrAl substrate that influenced the homogeneous and stability of nickel electroplating and NiO surface area development.

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The Macroscopic and Radiographic Skull and Dental Pathology of the Tasmanian Devil (Sarcophilus harrisii)

Frontiers in Veterinary Science ◽

10.3389/fvets.2021.693578 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Shanna Landy ◽

Santiago Peralta ◽

Larry Vogelnest ◽

Nadine Fiani

Keyword(s):

Alveolar Bone ◽

Root Resorption ◽

Age Determination ◽

Dental Morphology ◽

Tasmanian Devil ◽

Developmental Abnormalities ◽

Dental Anatomy ◽

Pathologic Processes ◽

Endodontic Disease ◽

Sarcophilus Harrisii

While the gross skull and dental morphology, masticatory biomechanics, dental eruption patterns, and radiographic dental anatomy has been described in the Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilus harrisii), to date no studies have comprehensively examined the prevalence and appearance of pathologic processes affecting their skulls and dentition. As such, the aim of this study was to describe macroscopic and radiographic anatomy and identify the prevalence of anatomic variations and pathological processes in Tasmanian devil dentition and skulls. To do so, anatomical and pathological findings were documented in Tasmanian devil skulls using photography and dental radiography. Assessment of skull trauma, anatomical and developmental abnormalities, periodontitis, endodontic disease, and tooth resorption was performed. A total of 28 Tasmanian devil skulls containing 1,028 teeth were examined. Evidence of postmortem trauma was common. The most common positional abnormality was palatal or buccal rotation of the premolar teeth. While the alveolar bone margin was commonly positioned apically to the cementoenamel junction (98.2%), only 14.2% demonstrated evidence of periodontitis. Tooth fractures were common, affecting 27 skulls, however radiographic signs of endodontic disease were only noted in 4.5% of affected teeth, as was non-inflammatory root resorption (2.0%). A wider root canal width, which was used as a criterion for age determination, was associated with smaller skull dimensions, incompletely erupted teeth, and subjectively less fusion of the mandibular symphysis. Through an improved understanding of what constitutes normal anatomy and the appearance and frequency of pathologic processes that affect the skulls and teeth, this knowledge can help develop a foundation for understanding the oral health and management of live animals for this endangered species.

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Morphological characterization of incisors and molars of an african descent group of Cali, Valle del Cauca (Colombia)

Revista Estomatología ◽

10.25100/re.v23i2.5784 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Annie Garcia ◽

Fernando Gustin ◽

Catalina Quiñonez ◽

Lina Sacanamboy ◽

Mery-Hann Torres ◽

...

Keyword(s):

African Descent ◽

Low Frequency ◽

Bilateral Symmetry ◽

Dental Morphology ◽

Mixing Processes ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Second Molar ◽

Descent Group ◽

Valle Del Cauca ◽

Groove Pattern

Objectives: To determine the frequency, variability, sexual dimorphism, correlation and bilateral symmetry of 13 non-metric dental crown traits (NMDCT) in incisors and molars of afro descent group of Cali, Valle del Cauca (Colombia)Material and methods: Quantitative cross-sectional study that characterizes the dental morphology of the central and lateral upper incisors (11, 12, 21, 22) and first and second upper and lower molars (16, 17, 26, 27, 36, 37, 46, 47) by ASUDAS system of observation, recording and analysis reported in the literature; from 60 models of study (34 female and 26 male) obtained from a afro descent group with aged between 7 to 17 years.Results: Was obtained winging and crowding mid frequencies, high frequency of shovel-shape in central and lateral incisors, low frequency of Carabelli cusp, low frequency of metaconule, reduction of hypocone absent, P point expression of protostylid, low frequency of deflecting wrinkle, groove pattern configuration Y5 (lower first molar) and +5 and +6 (lower second molar). NMDCT not sexually dimorphic (except hypocone reduction and groove pattern), have low correspondence and have bilateral symmetry. A p<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Conclusions: The frequency and variability of the 13 NMDCT allowed determining that the group of African descent is part of Caucasoid Dental Complex with Mongoloid Dental Complex influence, due to mixing processes and ethno historic settlement of the southeastern region of Cali. Key words: Dental anthropology, dental morphology, incisors, molars, non-metric dental traits, African descent, Afrocolombian.

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Peculiar macrophagous adaptations in a new Cretaceous pliosaurid

Royal Society Open Science ◽

10.1098/rsos.150552 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (12) ◽

pp. 150552 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Valentin Fischer ◽

Maxim S. Arkhangelsky ◽

Ilya M. Stenshin ◽

Gleb N. Uspensky ◽

Nikolay G. Zverkov ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Early Cretaceous ◽

Fossil Record ◽

Late Jurassic ◽

Phylogenetic Analyses ◽

Consensus Methods ◽

Ancestral State ◽

Ecological Diversity ◽

Apex Predator ◽

State Reconstruction ◽

Marine Reptile

During the Middle and Late Jurassic, pliosaurid plesiosaurs evolved gigantic body size and a series of craniodental adaptations that have been linked to the occupation of an apex predator niche. Cretaceous pliosaurids (i.e. Brachaucheninae) depart from this morphology, being slightly smaller and lacking the macrophagous adaptations seen in earlier forms. However, the fossil record of Early Cretaceous pliosaurids is poor, concealing the evolution and ecological diversity of the group. Here, we report a new pliosaurid from the Late Hauterivian (Early Cretaceous) of Russia. Phylogenetic analyses using reduced consensus methods recover it as the basalmost brachauchenine. This pliosaurid is smaller than other derived pliosaurids, has tooth alveoli clustered in pairs and possesses trihedral teeth with complex serrated carinae. Maximum-likelihood ancestral state reconstruction suggests early brachauchenines retained trihedral teeth from their ancestors, but modified this feature in a unique way, convergent with macrophagous archosaurs or sphenacodontoids. Our findings indicate that Early Cretaceous marine reptile teeth with serrated carinae cannot be unequivocally assigned to metriorhynchoid crocodylomorphs. Furthermore, they extend the known diversity of dental adaptations seen in Sauropterygia, the longest lived clade of marine tetrapods.

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Metabolic Syndrome as a Predictor of Adrenal Functional Status: A Discriminant Multivariate Analysis Versus Logistic Regression Analysis

Hormone and Metabolic Research ◽

10.1055/a-0754-6464 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 51 (01) ◽

pp. 47-53 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Charalampos Tsentidis ◽

Andreas Bampilis ◽

Vasiliki Ntova ◽

Dimitrios Fragkos ◽

Christos Panos ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Logistic Regression ◽

Regression Analysis ◽

Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Characteristic Curve ◽

Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽

Logistic Function ◽

Adrenal Tumors ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Multivariate Discriminant

AbstractPatients harboring adrenal tumors are characterized by higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) components and a higher incidence of cardiovascular complications, especially in cases of subclinical or overt hormonal hypersecretion. Early detection and referral of those patients in tertiary centers could prevent unfavorable outcomes. In this cross-sectional, retrospective study, we evaluated 111 consecutive patients with adrenal incidentalomas and 14 patients with known hypersecretory adrenal lesions (autonomous cortisol secretion, primary aldosteronism, and pheochromocytoma), who were investigated in our clinic. Based on the different distribution of MetS components in patients with non-functional and functional adrenal lesions we introduced a predictive model of hormonal hypersecretion using those components. We performed multivariate discriminant analysis and compared predictive results with conventional multiple logistic regression analysis. Diabetes, impaired glucose tolerance, impaired fasting glucose, hypertension, body mass index, HDL-cholesterol levels, triglyceride levels, drug treatment for lipid disorder (statins, fenofibrate, and fish oils, alone or in combination), and maximal adrenal lesion diameter were used as discriminating covariates. Multivariate discriminant function exhibited a sensitivity of 77.27% and specificity of 73.08% in predicting adrenal hormonal hypersecretion. Receiver operating characteristic curve of discriminant predictive function had an area under the curve value of 0.785, S.E. 0.04. Logistic function delivered comparable results. MetS components exhibit a good predictive feature of hormonal hypersecretion in patients with adrenal tumors. Predictive functions may help in the search for an easy and generally available algorithm to validly predict the functional activity of adrenal masses.

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