Effects of prolonged cold storage on carbohydrate and protein content and field performance of white spruce bareroot seedlings

1994 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1369-1375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Jiang ◽  
Janusz J. Zwiazek ◽  
S. Ellen Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
White Spruce ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Similar Survival

Three-year-old bareroot white spruce (Piceaglauca (Moench) Voss) seedlings from three seedlots were either lifted in the fall of 1990 and stored over winter at −2 °C, or lifted in the spring of 1991. The soluble sugar, starch, and protein contents of needles, stems, and roots were measured in fall-lifted seedlings before, during, and at the end of cold storage and compared with those in spring-lifted seedlings 10 days before outplanting. The soluble sugar content of the seedlings decreased significantly in all tissues during cold storage. At the time of spring planting, sugar and protein levels were similar in fall- and spring-lifted seedlings, but starch content was about two times higher in spring-lifted seedlings. After outplanting, spring-lifted seedlings flushed and resumed root growth sooner than the fall-lifted, cold-stored seedlings. Spring-lifted seedlings also had initially higher photosynthetic rates and water potentials compared with the fall-lifted seedlings. However, both types of seedlings had similar survival rates and 1st year shoot growth in the field. The responses of seedlings to cold storage were similar among seed lots.

scholarly journals Effects of Abscisic Acid on ex vitro Acclimatization of Aronia arbutifolia (L.) Pers.

1996 ◽  
Vol 121 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilfredo Colón-Guasp ◽  
Terril A. Nell ◽  
Michael E. Kane ◽  
James E. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Carbon Assimilation ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Photon Flux ◽  
Ex Vitro

The use of abscisic acid (ABA) as an in vitro prehardening treatment to enhance ex vitro acclimatization of Stage III Aronia arbutifolia plantlets was explored. Effects of ABA (0-4 mg·liter-1) pretreatment on ex vitro shoot growth, leaf carbon assimilation (LCA) and nonstructural carbohydrate content were evaluated during plantlet acclimatization under two photosynthetic photon flux (PPF) levels (450 and 650 μmol·m-2·s-1). Stage III plantlets rooted in the presence of ABA exhibited both shoot growth inhibition and transient negative LCA rates at time of transfer ex vitro. Regardless of treatment, maximum LCA rates were achieved by day 20 post-transplant. Pretreatment with ABA had no effect on stem or leaf starch content at time of transplant, however, leaf and stem soluble sugar content was higher in ABA treated plantlets than controls. Further suppression of shoot growth and alteration in the pattern of stem starch utilization occurred at the higher irradiance level. These results indicate that ABA pretreatments provide no physiological advantage that would facilitate ex vitro acclimatization of Aronia plantlets.

scholarly journals Studies on the Sugar Accumulation and Carbohydrate Splitting Enzyme Levels in Post Harvested and Cold Stored Potatoes

1970 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Rezaul Karim ◽  
MMH Khan ◽  
Md Salim Uddin ◽  
NK Sana ◽  
F Nikkon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Enzyme Activities ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Reducing Sugar ◽  
Sugar Accumulation ◽  
Potato Varieties ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar

Significant differences were found in sugar content and carbohydrate splitting enzyme activities in tubers of ten indigenous potato varieties at harvesting and after keeping at cold storage. The activities of invertase, amylase, β-galactosidase and cellulase in all varieties were found to be increased by 2-12, 1.2-4, 1.9-4.5, and 1.1-3.7 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored potatoes. The amount of starch and sucrose were found to be decreased by 1.15-2.8 and 1.02-1.4 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored in all varieties. Total soluble sugar and reducing sugar contents in potatoes were increased by 1.02-1.4 and 4-11 folds, respectively from harvesting to cold stored in all varieties of potatoes. The amount of reducing sugar increased in cold stored potatoes due to the increased activities of carbohydrate splitting enzymes. Key words: Potatoes, Indigenous, Carbohydrate splitting enzymes, Sugars. DOI:10.3329/jbs.v16i0.3748 J. bio-sci. 16: 95-99, 2008

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis and Identification of Genes Associated with Starch Metabolism in Castanea henryi Seed (Fagaceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 1431 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Liu ◽  
Ruqiang Lin ◽  
Yuting Jiang ◽  
Shuzhen Jiang ◽  
Yuanfang Xiong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Starch Accumulation ◽  
Transcriptional Level ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Starch Metabolism ◽  
Carbohydrate Storage

Starch is the most important form of carbohydrate storage and is the major energy reserve in some seeds, especially Castanea henryi. Seed germination is the beginning of the plant’s life cycle, and starch metabolism is important for seed germination. As a complex metabolic pathway, the regulation of starch metabolism in C. henryi is still poorly understood. To explore the mechanism of starch metabolism during the germination of C. henryi, we conducted a comparative gene expression analysis at the transcriptional level using RNA-seq across four different germination stages, and analyzed the changes in the starch and soluble sugar contents. The results showed that the starch content increased in 0–10 days and decreased in 10–35 days, while the soluble sugar content continuously decreased in 0–30 days and increased in 30–35 days. We identified 49 candidate genes that may be associated with starch and sucrose metabolism. Three ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase) genes, two nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterases (NPPS) genes and three starch synthases (SS) genes may be related to starch accumulation. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was used to validate the expression levels of these genes. Our study combined transcriptome data with physiological and biochemical data, revealing potential candidate genes that affect starch metabolism during seed germination, and provides important data about starch metabolism and seed germination in seed plants.

DRY WEIGHT, SOLUBLE SUGAR CONTENT, AND STARCH CONTENT OF MAIZE KERNELS DURING THE EARLY POSTSILKING PERIOD

1978 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. TOLLENAAR ◽  
T. B. DAYNARD
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Controlled Environment ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Soluble Sugar Content ◽  
Maize Kernels

Kernel development was studied in the maize (Zea mays L.) hybrids United-H106 and Funk’s G-4444, grown in a controlled-environment growth room. A method was employed in which husks were excised, and kernels were removed from the same set of ears at several subsequent sampling dates. This method did not affect the dry matter accumulation of the remaining kernels. Basal kernels (kernel numbers 6–15 in the row) and tip kernels (kernel numbers 31–40) were removed at 2-day intervals during the period from 10 to 20 days postsilking. Dry weight, ethanol-soluble sugar content, and starch content were determined for each sample. Accumulation of dry matter in the tip kernels ceased in a fraction of the United-H106 ears at the onset of the period of linear tip-kernel dry matter accumulation. Only small differences were observed in sugar content between growing and non-growing tip kernels of ears of United-H106. Starch appeared to continue to accumulate in kernels in which dry matter had ceased to accumulate. Except for a delay of approximately 2 days, the pattern of development of tip kernels in Funk’s G-4444 was similar to that of kernels at the base.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Postharvest Storage Methods on the Quality Parameters of Chestnuts (Castanea sativa Mill.)

HortScience ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 577-581 ◽  
Author(s):  
Engin Ertan ◽  
Esra Erdal ◽  
Gülsüm Alkan ◽  
Burak E. Algül
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Castanea Sativa ◽  
Total Sugar ◽  
Total Carbohydrate ◽  
Total Sugar Content ◽  
Fruit Samples ◽  
Total Starch

This trial was initiated in the harvest season of 2010 to determine the effects of traditional and cold storage on the fruit quality properties of chestnuts during the harvest and postharvest periods. Physical and biochemical analyses were conducted on fruit samples collected about once every 2 weeks from the middle of September until the end of December. Specifically, the shell and kernel colors (hue, chroma), water activity (aw), and total sugar (%), total starch (%), total carbohydrate (%), and tannin (ppm) contents were determined. Under traditional and cold storage conditions, the total sugar content of the chestnuts increased whereas the total starch content decreased during the storage period. In addition, the maximum tannin content was measured in fruit that was cold stored for a period of 60 days.

scholarly journals Quality of kohlrabi stems (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes L.) kept in cold storage

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Gawęda ◽  
Zofia Nizioł-Łukaszewska
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soluble Sugars ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Dry Matter Content

Quality of kohlrabi stems (Brassica oleracea var. gongylodes L.) kept in cold storage Two green kohlrabi cultivars, ‘White Delikates’ and ‘Korist’ F1, were kept in cold storage at a temperature of 2°C and a relative humidity of 95%. Natural mass losses were measured at monthly intervals and dry matter content, soluble sugars, L-ascorbic acid and isothiocyanates were analysed. During five months of storage, very low losses of kohlrabi mass were detected. The decrease in dry matter during that time was between 15 and 18%. After a brief increase, soluble sugar content decreased during storage, and in March, 50% of the initial sugar content was calculated for ‘Delikates’ kohlrabi flesh and 65% for ‘Korist’. L-ascorbic acid was well preserved in the kohlrabi, since 90% remained after storage was completed. The isothiocyanate content changed little and the vegetable remained a good source of these compounds throughout the storage period.

scholarly journals Morphological and Physiological Changes in Sedum spectabile during Flower Formation Induced by Photoperiod

2015 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 426-431
Author(s):  
Cuiqin YANG ◽  
Xiyao WANG ◽  
Yaoguo QIN ◽  
Xin SUN ◽  
Qiang WANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Floral Development ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Floral Induction ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Flower Formation ◽  
Soluble Sugar Content ◽  
Apical Buds ◽  
Long Day

Sedum spectabile is an ornamental herbaceous perennial considered as a long-day plant. Varying levels of hormones and sugars possibly affect flower bud formation. This study aimed to determine the changes in endogenous hormones, sugars, and respiration levels in leaves and in apical buds. In addition, the current research was also conducted to observe the morphological changes during the induction, initiation and development of flower buds. Results showed that the periods of floral induction, initiation and development of S. spectabile were the period from 0 d to 1 d, 2 d to 10 d and after 11 d respectively under long day of 20 hours. High zeatin level in apical buds was conducive to floral induction; the increasing levels of gibberrelin and indole acetic acid favor floral initiation; floral development was regulated by mutually synergistic and antagonistic relationships of hormones. The total starch content in leaves remarkably decreased during floral induction. Moreover, soluble sugar content increased and reached the maximum level at 20 d of the treatment period. Afterward, soluble sugar content declined rapidly and was probably transported to the apical buds for rapid floral development. Furthermore, the total respiration of leaves maintained an upward trend; the cytochrome pathway also maintained an increasing trend after the plants were treated for 20 d. Such changes may favour the morphological differentiation of apical buds in floral development.

scholarly journals Study on the in vitro development of Chrysanthymum indicum L. shoots in the salinity stress

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
Thang Thanh Tran ◽  
Trinh Thi Diem Phan ◽  
Huong Thanh Tran
Keyword(s):  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Starch Content ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Chrysanthemum Indicum ◽  
Parenchymal Cells ◽  
Vitro Development

In this study, NaCl at varrious concentrations of 4 – 10 g/L was used to investigate the salt tolerance of in vitro shoot cuttings of Chrysanthemum indicum. Morphological, physiological and biochemical changes during the response of shoot cuttings in the salinity stress were analyzed. NaCl at 6 g/L reduced the development of shoot cuttings. Under salinity stress conditions, there have just a little reduction of the chloroplast in parenchymal cells near the midrib of leaf before they turn brown and die. Besides, carotenoid, starch content, and photosynthesis intensity were decreased. In contrast, respiration rate, proline and total soluble sugar content, and the activity of IAA and gibberellin were strongly increased. The application of IAA 0.25 mg/L, zeatin 0.1 mg/L and GA3 0.1 mg/L improved the shoot development in the salinity stress condition. Shoots in MS medium supplemented with BA 0.2 mg/L, NAA 2 mg/L and NaCl 6 g/L grow better in salinity stress condition.

scholarly journals Storage behaviour of Impatiens hainanensis seeds stored under three conditions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weixia Huang ◽  
Yunfang Zhong ◽  
Xinya Meng ◽  
Xiqiang Song ◽  
Mingxun Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Storage ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Seed Vigour ◽  
Dry Storage ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme System ◽  
Ambient Storage ◽  
Low Levels

Seeds of Impatiens hainanensis were stored in three different environments: ambient (25°C, 70-80% RH), dry (25°C, 2-5% RH) and cold (4°C, 40-50% RH). The seeds maintained their germination for 90 days in the three storage conditions, albeit at relatively low levels, particularly for seeds in cold storage. Seed vigour was maintained for 45 days for seeds in cold storage, 60 days for seeds in ambient storage, and 90 days for seeds in dry storage. A moisture content around 3.8% is suggested as appropriate for the storage of I. hainanensis seeds. During storage (up to 90 days) under ambient and cold storage conditions, soluble sugar content, SOD and CAT activity all decreased, and were lower than seeds in dry storage. Relative conductivity and TBARS content both increased during ambient and cold storage and were higher than seeds in dry storage after the same storage period. Dry storage better maintained the antioxidant enzyme system of I. hainanensis seeds.

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