Magnetic Nanoparticles As a Biological Sensors for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer Cells

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Biological Sensors

Viewing the Emphasis on State-of-the-Art Magnetic Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Physical Properties, and Applications in Cancer Theranostics

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 1505-1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyavani Kaliamurthi ◽  
Ayse Demir-Korkmaz ◽  
Gurudeeban Selvaraj ◽  
Emine Gokce-Polat ◽  
Yong-Kai Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Magnetic Drug Targeting ◽  
Clinical Experiments

Cancer-related mortality is a leading cause of death among both men and women around the world. Target-specific therapeutic drugs, early diagnosis, and treatment are crucial to reducing the mortality rate. One of the recent trends in modern medicine is “Theranostics,” a combination of therapeutics and diagnosis. Extensive interest in magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) has been increasing due to their biocompatibility, superparamagnetism, less-toxicity, enhanced programmed cell death, and auto-phagocytosis on cancer cells. MNPs act as a multifunctional, noninvasive, ligand conjugated nano-imaging vehicle in targeted drug delivery and diagnosis. In this review, we primarily discuss the significance of the crystal structure, magnetic properties, and the most common method for synthesis of the smaller sized MNPs and their limitations. Next, the recent applications of MNPs in cancer therapy and theranostics are discussed, with certain preclinical and clinical experiments. The focus is on implementation and understanding of the mechanism of action of MNPs in cancer therapy through passive and active targeting drug delivery (magnetic drug targeting and targeting ligand conjugated MNPs). In addition, the theranostic application of MNPs with a dual and multimodal imaging system for early diagnosis and treatment of various cancer types including breast, cervical, glioblastoma, and lung cancer is reviewed. In the near future, the theranostic potential of MNPs with multimodality imaging techniques may enhance the acuity of personalized medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of individual patients.

Correlation of Single Nucleotide Gene Polymorphisms and Gastric Cancer Based on Magnetic Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 928-934
Author(s):  
Ming Qi ◽  
Dongmei Liu ◽  
Hailing Wang ◽  
Ciren Bianba ◽  
Wei Ji
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The World

Gastric cancer (GC) is a serious threat to the health and lives of people around the world. In China, the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer are much higher than the world average, coupled with its low early diagnosis rate, low survival rate, poor prognosis, and complex etiology, especially the serious lack of effective early warning methods, which has become the main constraint on the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer factor. Therefore, finding reliable, effective, and specific markers that can be applied to early warning and diagnosis of gastric cancer has been a hot issue in gastric cancer research. Magnetic nanoparticles are an ideal molecular carrier for gene separation because they have many advantages such as easy operation, fast, high efficiency, and non-destructive non-recognition biological entities. Changes in gene levels can detect the development of early diagnosis and treatment of prognosis in patients with gastric cancer by affecting susceptibility, clinical phenotype, and drug response. PcG protein can modify chromatin and affect tumorigenesis. The experimental results show that the introduction of magnetic nanoparticles can improve the sensing signal, detection sensitivity and gene differentiation. Combined with the latest magnetic nanoparticle technology to analyze the relationship between SNPs of some genes in the pathways involved in gastric cancer treatment and DNA specificity, screening and identifying specific SNP markers are helpful to the mechanism of gastric cancer development. Understand to achieve the purpose of individualized treatment. By introducing the RAS-BRAF gene on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles, the surface of the magnetic particles was biologically functionalized and used for the separation and detection of proteins and pathogens, respectively. The results show that the system has excellent detection sensitivity and separation selectivity. At present, the research results of susceptible genes screened by coding gene association studies are inconsistent. In this study, PLCE1 gene was found to be used as a DNA gene identification method through high expression of cells to analyze that polymorphisms are closely related to the incidence of gastric cancer. In addition, the study suggests that PLCE1 gene may be a susceptible gene for tumor cells. The signaling pathways involved in the regulation play an important role in tumorigenesis, development, migration, and apoptosis, and are closely related to disease prognosis. Therefore, at the gene level More analysis of the role of these genes in gastric cancer is needed.

scholarly journals The significance of exosomes in the development and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Li ◽  
Chuanyun Li ◽  
Liping Zhang ◽  
Min Wu ◽  
Ke Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathways ◽  
Liver Cancer Cells ◽  
Different Types

AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most commonmalignancy. Exsome plays a significant role in the elucidation of signal transduction pathways between hepatoma cells, angiogenesis and early diagnosis of HCC. Exosomes are small vesicular structures that mediate interaction between different types of cells, and contain a variety of components (including DNA, RNA, and proteins). Numerous studies have shown that these substances in exosomes are involved in growth, metastasis and angiogenesis in liver cancer, and then inhibited the growth of liver cancer by blocking the signaling pathway of liver cancer cells. In addition, the exosomal substances could also be used as markers for screening early liver cancer. In this review, we summarized to reveal the significance of exosomes in the occurrence, development, diagnosis and treatment of HCC, which in turn might help us to further elucidate the mechanism of exosomes in HCC, and promote the use of exosomes in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of HCC.

Role of exosomes in diagnosis and therapy of prostate cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-405
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Fontana ◽  
Olga A. Babenko
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
The Future ◽  
Important Direction ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Aim of this letter is to attract the attention of journal readers to the study of exosomes as an important direction in the development of Oncology, in particular, in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Exosomes are produced by tumor cells and regulate proliferation, metastasis, and the development of chemoresistance. Their extraction from biological fluids allows further use of these vesicles as potential biomarkers of prostate cancer. In the future, exosomes can be successfully used in the delivery of drugs and other anti-tumor substances to cancer cells.

Application of Efficient Nanoparticles for Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer

2015 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. 662-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Athanasios Alexiou ◽  
Charalampos Vairaktarakis ◽  
Vasilis Tsiamis ◽  
Ghulam Ashraf
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment

Co-delivery of Doxorubicin and D-α-Tocopherol Polyethylene Glycol 1000 Succinate by Magnetic Nanoparticles

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 1138-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esra Metin ◽  
Pelin Mutlu ◽  
Ufuk Gündüz
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Drug Loading ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 1000 ◽  
Mcf 7

Background: Although conventional chemotherapy is the most common method for cancer treatment, it has several side effects such as neuropathy, alopecia and cardiotoxicity. Since the drugs are given to body systemically, normal cells are also affected, just like cancer cells. However, in recent years, targeted drug delivery has been developed to overcome these drawbacks. Objective: The aim of this study was targeted co-delivery of doxorubicin (Dox) which is an anticancer agent and D-α-Tocopherol polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate (vitamin E TPGS or simply TPGS) to breast cancer cells. For this purpose, Magnetic Nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized and coated with Oleic Acid (OA). Coated nanoparticles were encapsulated in Poly Lactic-co-Glycolic Acid (PLGA) and TPGS polymers and loaded with Dox. The Nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, zetapotential analysis, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis, Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) analysis. Results: The results showed that NPs were spherical, superparamagnetic and in the desired range for use in drug targeting. The targetability of NPs was confirmed. Moreover, TPGS and Dox loading was shown by TGA and FTIR analyses. NPs were internalized by cells and the cytotoxic effect of drug loaded NPs on sensitive (MCF-7) and drug-resistant (MCF-7/Dox) cells were examined. It was seen that the presence of TPGS increased cytotoxicity significantly. TPGS also enhanced drug loading efficiency, release rate, cellular internalization. In MCF- 7/Dox cells, the drug resistance seems to be decreased when Dox is loaded onto TPGS containing NPs. Conclusion: This magnetic PLGA nanoparticle system is important for new generation targeted chemotherapy and could be used for breast cancer treatment after in vivo tests.

scholarly journals Small GTPases in Cancer: Still Signaling the Way

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 1500
Author(s):  
Paulo Matos
Keyword(s):  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Small Gtpases ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
The Way

In recent decades, many advances in the early diagnosis and treatment of cancer have been witnessed [...]

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