Correlation of Single Nucleotide Gene Polymorphisms and Gastric Cancer Based on Magnetic Nanoparticles

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 928-934
Author(s):  
Ming Qi ◽  
Dongmei Liu ◽  
Hailing Wang ◽  
Ciren Bianba ◽  
Wei Ji
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
The World

Gastric cancer (GC) is a serious threat to the health and lives of people around the world. In China, the incidence and mortality of gastric cancer are much higher than the world average, coupled with its low early diagnosis rate, low survival rate, poor prognosis, and complex etiology, especially the serious lack of effective early warning methods, which has become the main constraint on the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer factor. Therefore, finding reliable, effective, and specific markers that can be applied to early warning and diagnosis of gastric cancer has been a hot issue in gastric cancer research. Magnetic nanoparticles are an ideal molecular carrier for gene separation because they have many advantages such as easy operation, fast, high efficiency, and non-destructive non-recognition biological entities. Changes in gene levels can detect the development of early diagnosis and treatment of prognosis in patients with gastric cancer by affecting susceptibility, clinical phenotype, and drug response. PcG protein can modify chromatin and affect tumorigenesis. The experimental results show that the introduction of magnetic nanoparticles can improve the sensing signal, detection sensitivity and gene differentiation. Combined with the latest magnetic nanoparticle technology to analyze the relationship between SNPs of some genes in the pathways involved in gastric cancer treatment and DNA specificity, screening and identifying specific SNP markers are helpful to the mechanism of gastric cancer development. Understand to achieve the purpose of individualized treatment. By introducing the RAS-BRAF gene on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles, the surface of the magnetic particles was biologically functionalized and used for the separation and detection of proteins and pathogens, respectively. The results show that the system has excellent detection sensitivity and separation selectivity. At present, the research results of susceptible genes screened by coding gene association studies are inconsistent. In this study, PLCE1 gene was found to be used as a DNA gene identification method through high expression of cells to analyze that polymorphisms are closely related to the incidence of gastric cancer. In addition, the study suggests that PLCE1 gene may be a susceptible gene for tumor cells. The signaling pathways involved in the regulation play an important role in tumorigenesis, development, migration, and apoptosis, and are closely related to disease prognosis. Therefore, at the gene level More analysis of the role of these genes in gastric cancer is needed.

Viewing the Emphasis on State-of-the-Art Magnetic Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Physical Properties, and Applications in Cancer Theranostics

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (13) ◽  
pp. 1505-1523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satyavani Kaliamurthi ◽  
Ayse Demir-Korkmaz ◽  
Gurudeeban Selvaraj ◽  
Emine Gokce-Polat ◽  
Yong-Kai Wei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Multimodality Imaging ◽  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Magnetic Drug Targeting ◽  
Clinical Experiments

Cancer-related mortality is a leading cause of death among both men and women around the world. Target-specific therapeutic drugs, early diagnosis, and treatment are crucial to reducing the mortality rate. One of the recent trends in modern medicine is “Theranostics,” a combination of therapeutics and diagnosis. Extensive interest in magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs) has been increasing due to their biocompatibility, superparamagnetism, less-toxicity, enhanced programmed cell death, and auto-phagocytosis on cancer cells. MNPs act as a multifunctional, noninvasive, ligand conjugated nano-imaging vehicle in targeted drug delivery and diagnosis. In this review, we primarily discuss the significance of the crystal structure, magnetic properties, and the most common method for synthesis of the smaller sized MNPs and their limitations. Next, the recent applications of MNPs in cancer therapy and theranostics are discussed, with certain preclinical and clinical experiments. The focus is on implementation and understanding of the mechanism of action of MNPs in cancer therapy through passive and active targeting drug delivery (magnetic drug targeting and targeting ligand conjugated MNPs). In addition, the theranostic application of MNPs with a dual and multimodal imaging system for early diagnosis and treatment of various cancer types including breast, cervical, glioblastoma, and lung cancer is reviewed. In the near future, the theranostic potential of MNPs with multimodality imaging techniques may enhance the acuity of personalized medicine in the diagnosis and treatment of individual patients.

scholarly journals Basic Knowledge on Leprosy: A Short Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 345-349
Author(s):  
Chamodika Lowe
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Mycobacterium Leprae ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
The World ◽  
Basic Understanding ◽  
Serious Disease

Leprosy is a chronic disease which is caused by the infection of Mycobacterium leprae bacterium and leads to neurological consequences. Regardless of its slow progressiveness, it is an exceptionally serious disease that is continuing to be a challenging health problem around the world. Early diagnosis and treatment is much important in controlling Leprosy. Already published articles and books on Leprosy have been studied and summarized in this review to present a basic understanding on pathogenesis, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment of Leprosy

scholarly journals The Significance of Exosomal RNAs in the Development, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Gastric Cancer

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 73
Author(s):  
Guiping Zhao ◽  
Anni Zhou ◽  
Xiao Li ◽  
Shengtao Zhu ◽  
Yongjun Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Intercellular Communication ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Therapeutic Application ◽  
Gastric Cancer Cells ◽  
The World ◽  
Exosomal Rnas

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world. Exosomes, a subset of extracellular vesicles with an average diameter of 100 nm, contain and transfer a variety of functional macromolecules such as proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. A large number of studies indicated that exosomes can play a significant role in the initiation and development of GC via facilitating intercellular communication between gastric cancer cells and microenvironment. Exosomal RNAs, one of the key functional cargos, are involved in the pathogenesis, development, and metastasis of GC. In addition, recent studies elucidated that exosomal RNAs may serve as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers or therapeutic targets for GC. In this review, we summarized the function of exosomal RNA in the tumorigenesis, progression, diagnosis, and treatment of GC, which may further unveil the functions of exosome and promote the potentially diagnostic and therapeutic application of exosomes in GC.

Gastric cancer incidence and mortality trends between 2007-2016 in three European countries

Endoscopy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diogo Libânio ◽  
Jessica Rocha Rodrigues ◽  
Maria Jose Bento ◽  
Alanna Ebigbo ◽  
Helmut Messmann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Early Gastric Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Cancer Incidence ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Incidence And Mortality ◽  
Over Time

Background/aims: Increased awareness of gastric cancer risk, easy access to upper endoscopy, high-definition endoscopes with virtual chromoendoscopy may have led to an increase in early gastric cancer diagnosis within the last years in Europe. Early diagnosis of gastric cancer may be associated with improved survival. Currently, no data exist on the impact of early diagnosis in gastric cancer patients’ survival at a population level in Europe. Our aim was to assess incidence, early diagnosis rate and gastric cancer survival both in North-Western and Southern European countries with a low to moderate GC incidence. Methods: Data on 41,138 gastric cancer cases between 2007 and 2016 were retrieved from national cancer registries of Belgium, the Netherlands and the Northern Region in Portugal (RORENO). Age standardized incidence and mortality rates (ASMR) were assessed and expressed by 100,000 persons. Early diagnosis was defined as T1 staged tumors (TNM staging). Net survival estimates for 2007-2011 vs 2012-2016 were determined and compared. Results: Age-standardized incidence and mortality decreased over time in Belgium, Northern Portugal and the Netherlands. Early gastric cancer diagnosis increased over time for all the countries. Net 1- year survival improved significantly between the two time periods in all countries and at 5 years in Belgium and Portugal. Conclusions: This is the first study comparing trends in gastric cancer incidence and mortality in some European countries. We found from 2007-2016 a trend towards a rising proportion of T1 gastric cancers and a decrease in ASMR over time, supporting the efforts in secondary prevention strategies.

TLR1 and PRKAA1 Gene Polymorphisms in the Development of Atrophic Gastritis and Gastric Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 363-369 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gintare Dargiene ◽  
Greta Streleckiene ◽  
Jurgita Skieceviciene ◽  
Marcis Leja ◽  
Alexander Link ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Cancer ◽  
Atrophic Gastritis ◽  
Genetic Polymorphisms ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Similar Distribution ◽  
Genome Wide Association Studies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Infection Susceptibility ◽  
H Pylori

Background & Aims: Previous genome-wide association studies showed that genetic polymorphisms in toll-like receptor 1 (TLR1) and protein kinase AMP-activated alpha 1 catalytic subunit (PRKAA1) genes were associated with gastric cancer (GC) or increased Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection susceptibility. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between TLR1 and PRKAA1 genes polymorphisms and H.pylori infection, atrophic gastritis (AG) or GC in the European population.Methods: Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were analysed in 511 controls, 340 AG patients and 327 GC patients. TLR1 C>T (rs4833095) and PRKAA1 C>T (rs13361707) were genotyped by the real-time polymerase chain reaction. H. pylori status was determined by testing for anti-H. pylori IgG antibodies in the serum.Results: The study included 697 (59.2%) H. pylori positive and 481 (40.8%) H. pylori negative cases. We observed similar distribution of TLR1 and PRKAA1 alleles and genotypes in H. pylori positive and negative cases. TLR1 and PRKAA1 SNPs were not linked with the risk of AG. TC genotype of TLR1 gene was more prevalent in GC patients compared to the control group (29.7% and 22.3% respectively, p=0.002). Carriers of TC genotype had a higher risk of GC (aOR=1.89, 95% CI: 1.26–2.83, p=0.002). A similar association was observed in a dominant inheritance model for TLR1 gene SNP, where comparison of CC+TC vs. TT genotypes showed an increased risk of GC (aOR=1.86, 95% CI: 1.26–2.75, p=0.002). No association between genetic polymorphism in PRKAA1 gene and GC was observed.Conclusions: TLR1 rs4833095 SNP was associated with an increased risk of GC in a European population, while PRKAA1 rs13361707 genetic variant was not linked with GC. Both genetic polymorphisms were not associated with H. pylori infection susceptibility or the risk of AG.

Ferromagnetic Resonance Biosensor for Homogeneous and Volumetric Detection of DNA

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Tian ◽  
Peter Svedlindh ◽  
Mattias Strömberg ◽  
Erik Wetterskog
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Ferromagnetic Resonance ◽  
Limit Of Detection ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Rolling Circle Amplification ◽  
Resonance Field ◽  
Isothermal Amplification ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Rolling Circle

In this work, we demonstrate for the first time, a ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) based homogeneous and volumetric biosensor for magnetic label detection. Two different isothermal amplification methods, <i>i.e.</i>, rolling circle amplification (RCA) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) are adopted and combined with a standard electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometer for FMR biosensing. For RCA-based FMR biosensor, binding of RCA products of a synthetic Vibrio cholerae target DNA sequence gives rise to the formation of aggregates of magnetic nanoparticles. Immobilization of nanoparticles within the aggregates leads to a decrease of the net anisotropy of the system and a concomitant increase of the resonance field. A limit of detection of 1 pM is obtained with an average coefficient of variation of 0.16%, which is superior to the performance of other reported RCA-based magnetic biosensors. For LAMP-based sensing, a synthetic Zika virus target oligonucleotide is amplified and detected in 20% serum samples. Immobilization of magnetic nanoparticles is induced by their co-precipitation with Mg<sub>2</sub>P<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> (a by-product of LAMP) and provides a detection sensitivity of 100 aM. The fast measurement, high sensitivity and miniaturization potential of the proposed FMR biosensing technology makes it a promising candidate for designing future point-of-care devices.<br>

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