Intratracheal perfluorocarbons diminish LPS-induced increase in systemic TNF-α

Perfluorocarbons (PFC) reduce the production of various inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α. The anti-inflammatory effect is not entirely understood. If anti-inflammatory properties are caused by a mechanical barrier, PFC in the alveoli should have no effect on the inflammatory response to intravenous LPS administration. To test that hypothesis, rats ( n = 31) were administered LPS intravenously and were either spontaneously breathing (Spont), conventionally ventilated (CMV), or receiving partial liquid ventilation (PLV). Serum concentration of TNF-α was measured. The pulmonary expressions of TNF-α and TNF-α receptor 1 protein and of TNF-α and ICAM-1 mRNA were determined. LPS caused a significant ( P < 0.001) increase in serum TNF-α. Serum TNF-α concentration was similar in LPS/Spont (525 ± 180 pg/ml) and LPS/CMV (504 ± 154 pg/ml) but was significantly ( P < 0.001) lower in animals of the LPS/PLV group (274 ± 101 pg/ml). Immunohistochemical data on TNF-α protein expression showed a LPS-induced increase in TNF-α and TNF-α receptor 1 expression that was diminished by partial liquid ventilation. PCR measurements revealed a lower expression of TNF-α and ICAM-1 mRNA in LPS/PLV than in LPS/CMV or LPS/Spont animals. Semiquantitative histological evaluation revealed only minor alveolar inflammation with no significant differences between the groups. Low serum TNF-α concentration in PFC-treated animals is most likely explained by a decreased production of TNF-α in the lung.

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Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. Ethanol Extract Has Anti-Inflammatory and Hepatoprotective Effects In Vitro and In Vivo by Targeting the IRAK1/AP-1 Pathway

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26092529 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (9) ◽

pp. 2529

Author(s):

Haeyeop Kim ◽

Woo Seok Yang ◽

Khin Myo Htwe ◽

Mi-Nam Lee ◽

Young-Dong Kim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethanol Extract ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Hepatoprotective Activity ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Related Proteins ◽

Pro Inflammatory Cytokines ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. has been used traditionally as a remedy for many diseases, especially inflammation. Therefore, we analyzed and explored the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory effect of a Dipterocarpus tuberculatus Roxb. ethanol extract (Dt-EE). Dt-EE clearly and dose-dependently inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.7 cells. Also, Dt-EE suppressed the activation of the MyD88/TRIF-mediated AP-1 pathway and the AP-1 pathway related proteins JNK2, MKK4/7, and TAK1, which occurred as a result of inhibiting the kinase activity of IRAK1 and IRAK4, the most upstream factors of the AP-1 pathway. Finally, Dt-EE displayed hepatoprotective activity in a mouse model of hepatitis induced with LPS/D-galactosamine (D-GalN) through decreasing the serum levels of alanine aminotransferase and suppressing the activation of JNK and IRAK1. Therefore, our results strongly suggest that Dt-EE could be a candidate anti-inflammatory herbal medicine with IRAK1/AP-1 inhibitory and hepatoprotective properties.

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In vitro evidence for the involvement of H2S pathway in the effect of clodronate during inflammatory response

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-94228-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Rosangela Montanaro ◽

Alessio D’Addona ◽

Andrea Izzo ◽

Carlo Ruosi ◽

Vincenzo Brancaleone

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Markers ◽

In Vitro Study ◽

Inos Expression ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Inflammatory State ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Underlying Mechanisms ◽

Inflammatory Effect

AbstractClodronate is a bisphosphonate agent commonly used as anti-osteoporotic drug. Throughout its use, additional anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties have been reported, although the benefits described in the literature could not solely relate to their inhibition of bone resorption. Thus, the purpose of our in vitro study is to investigate whether there are underlying mechanisms explaining the anti-inflammatory effect of clodronate and possibly involving hydrogen sulphide (H2S). Immortalised fibroblast-like synoviocyte cells (K4IM) were cultured and treated with clodronate in presence of TNF-α. Clodronate significantly modulated iNOS expression elicited by TNF-α. Inflammatory markers induced by TNF-α, including IL-1, IL-6, MCP-1 and RANTES, were also suppressed following administration of clodronate. Furthermore, the reduction in enzymatic biosynthesis of CSE-derived H2S, together with the reduction in CSE expression associated with TNF-α treatment, was reverted by clodronate, thus rescuing endogenous H2S pathway activity. Clodronate displays antinflammatory properties through the modulation of H2S pathway and cytokines levels, thus assuring the control of the inflammatory state. Although further investigation is needed to stress out how clodronate exerts its control on H2S pathway, here we showed for the first the involvement of H2S in the additive beneficial effects observed following clodronate therapy.

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Vanillin protects lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting ERK1/2, p38 and NF-κB pathway

Future Medicinal Chemistry ◽

10.4155/fmc-2018-0432 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (16) ◽

pp. 2081-2094 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tingting Guo ◽

Zhenzhong Su ◽

Qi Wang ◽

Wei Hou ◽

Junyao Li ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acute Lung Injury ◽

Lung Injury ◽

Western Blot ◽

Lung Inflammation ◽

Macrophage Activation ◽

Myeloperoxidase Activity ◽

Histopathological Changes ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Aim: Thus far, the anti-inflammatory effect of vanillin in acute lung injury (ALI) has not been studied. This study aimed to investigate the effect of vanillin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI. Results & methodology: Our study detected the anti-inflammatory effects of vanillin by ELISA and western blot, respectively. Pretreatment of mice with vanillin significantly attenuated LPS-stimulated lung histopathological changes, myeloperoxidase activity and expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the phosphorylation activities of ERK1/2, p38, AKT and NF-κB p65. In addition, vanillin inhibited LPS-induced TNF-α and IL-6 expression in RAW264.7 cells via ERK1/2, p38 and NF-κB signaling. Conclusion: Vanillin can inhibit macrophage activation and lung inflammation, which suggests new insights for clinical treatment of ALI.

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Partial Liquid Ventilation (PLV) combined with Proportional Assist Ventilation (PAV) in Spontaneously Breathing Animals: Follow-up of Gas Exchange and Survival over a Four Week Period in a Rabbit Model 1673

Pediatric Research ◽

10.1203/00006450-199804001-01695 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 43 ◽

pp. 285-285

Author(s):

Helmut Hummler ◽

Ulrich Thome ◽

Andreas Schulze ◽

Frank Pohlandt

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Rabbit Model ◽

Partial Liquid Ventilation ◽

Proportional Assist Ventilation ◽

Liquid Ventilation ◽

Spontaneously Breathing

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Apoptosis perturbations and expression of regulatory inflammatory factors in cisplatin-depleted rat livers under l-arginine protection

Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology ◽

10.1139/cjpp-2018-0706 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 97 (5) ◽

pp. 359-369 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Rehab M. El-Sayed ◽

Hebatalla I. Ahmed ◽

Abd El-Lateef S. Abd El-Lateef ◽

Azza A. Ali

Keyword(s):

Liver Function ◽

Hepatic Injury ◽

Inflammatory Factors ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Apoptotic Marker ◽

Apoptosis Markers ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Rat Livers ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Hepatic injury is one of the most common complications associated with cisplatin (CIS) use. Recently, liver protection lines are being discovered to stop the hepatic cell death due to inflammatory and apoptotic perturbations. l-arginine has protective effects in several models of liver injury. This study was designed to investigate the possible protective effect of l-arginine against CIS-induced acute hepatic injury in rats. Rats were divided into 4 groups: control, l-arginine, CIS, l-arginine + CIS. Liver function, oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, and apoptosis markers were assessed. l-arginine pretreatment protected the liver against CIS-induced toxicity as indicated by significantly alleviating the changes in liver function along with restoration of the antioxidant status. This finding was confirmed with the markedly improved pathological changes. l-arginine showed anti-inflammatory effect through the reduction of liver expression of iNOS, TNF-α, and NF-κβ, which were ameliorated to significant levels. Furthermore, l-arginine administration downregulated the liver expression of the apoptotic marker, caspase-3. The results recommend l-arginine as a hepatoprotective agent against CIS toxicity. Mostly, this hepatoprotective effect of l-arginine involved anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activities.

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Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Musa acuminata Stem

European Journal of Dentistry ◽

10.1055/s-0040-1709944 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (02) ◽

pp. 294-298

Author(s):

Maharani Laillyza Apriasari ◽

Selviana Rizky Pramitha ◽

Dewi Puspitasari ◽

Diah Savitri Ernawati

Keyword(s):

Treatment Group ◽

Musa Acuminata ◽

Control Group ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Treatment Groups ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Mucosal Wound ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Abstract Objective This study was designed to assess the anti-inflammatory effect of Musa acuminata through the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nuclear factor kappa β (NF-κB) after 3 days of application of Musa acuminata stem extract (MASE) gel on oral mucosal wound. Materials and Methods An experimental study with post-test only control group design was conducted. Twenty male Rattus norvegicus (Wistar) were injured on their left buccal mucosa and treated three times a day with MASE gel of varying concentrations: 0% (as control), MASE 25%, MASE 37.5%, and MASE 50%. On day 3, a biopsy was performed on each mucosal wound for later immunohistochemical analysis for the expressions of TNF-α and NF-κB. Results The highest expression of TNF-α was observed in the control group (13.20 ± 1.79), while the lowest was in the treatment group using 50% MASE (6.40 ± 1.14). Meanwhile the comparison between treatment groups did not highlight any significant difference (p > 0.05). The highest expression of NF-κB was observed in the control group (13.20 ± 1.30), whereas the lowest was in the treatment group using MASE 50% (6.40 ± 1.14). NF-κB was significantly lower in the treatment group using MASE 50% when compared with other treatment groups (p < 0.05). Conclusion Application of MASE on mucosal wound reduces the expression of TNF-α and NF-κB at all concentrations. The anti-inflammatory effect of MASE 50% was the strongest one.

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Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Activities ofCuscuta chinensisSeeds in Mice

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x14500153 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 42 (01) ◽

pp. 223-242 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Jung-Chun Liao ◽

Wen-Te Chang ◽

Meng-Shiou Lee ◽

Yung-Jia Chiu ◽

Wei-Kai Chao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Acetic Acid ◽

Inflammatory Diseases ◽

Antinociceptive Effect ◽

Inflammatory Mechanism ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Highly Correlated ◽

Cuscuta Chinensis ◽

Inflammatory Effect

The seeds of Cuscuta chinensis, Cuscutae Semen, are commonly used as a medicinal material for treating the aching and weakness of the loins and knees, tonifying the defects of the liver and the kidney, and treating the diarrhea due to hypofunction of the kidney and the spleen. Since aching and inflammation are highly correlated with such diseases, the aim of this study is to investigate the possible antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory mechanisms of the seeds of C. chinensis. The antinociceptive effect of the seeds of C. chinensis was evaluated via the acetic acid-induced writhing response and formalin-induced paw licking methods. The anti-inflammatory effect was evaluated via the λ-carrageenan induced mouse paw edema method. The results found that 100 and 500 mg/kg of the methanol extract of the seeds of C. chinensis( CCMeOH) significantly decreased (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively) the writhing response in the acetic acid assay. Additionally, 20–500 mg/kg of CCMeOHsignificantly decreased licking time at the early (20 and 100 mg/kg, p < 0.001) and late phases (100 mg/kg, p < 0.01; 500 mg/kg, p < 0.001) of the formalin test, respectively. Furthermore, CCMeOH(100 and 500 mg/kg) significantly decreased (p < 0.01 and p < 0.001, respectively) edema paw volume four hours after λ-carrageenan had been injected. The results in the following study also revealed that the anti-inflammatory mechanism of CCMeOHmay be due to declined levels of NO and MDA in the edema paw by increasing the activities of SOD, GPx and GRd in the liver. In addition, CCMeOHalso decreased IL-1β, IL-6, NF-κB, TNF-α, and COX-2 levels. This is the first study to demonstrate the possible mechanisms for the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects of CCMeOHin vivo. Thus, it provides evidence for the treatment of Cuscutae Semen in inflammatory diseases.

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Asperuloside and Asperulosidic Acid Exert an Anti-Inflammatory Effect via Suppression of the NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways in LPS-Induced RAW 264.7 Macrophages

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms19072027 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 19 (7) ◽

pp. 2027 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Jingyu He ◽

Xianyuan Lu ◽

Ting Wei ◽

Yaqian Dong ◽

Zheng Cai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitric Oxide ◽

Methyl Ester ◽

Signaling Pathways ◽

Mapk Signaling ◽

Raw 264.7 Cells ◽

Raw 264.7 ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Mapk Signaling Pathways ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Hedyotis diffusa is a folk herb that is used for treating inflammation-related diseases in Asia. Previous studies have found that iridoids in H. diffusa play an important role in its anti-inflammatory activity. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and potential mechanism of five iridoids (asperuloside (ASP), asperulosidic acid (ASPA), desacetyl asperulosidic acid (DAA), scandoside methyl ester (SME), and E-6-O-p-coumaroyl scandoside methyl ester (CSME)) that are presented in H. diffusa using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)—induced RAW 264.7 cells. ASP and ASPA significantly decreased the production of nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6) in parallel with the inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), TNF-α, and IL-6 mRNA expression in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cells. ASP treatment suppressed the phosphorylation of the inhibitors of nuclear factor-kappaB alpha (IκB-α), p38, extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). The inhibitory effect of ASPA was similar to that of ASP, except for p38 phosphorylation. In summary, the anti-inflammatory effects of ASP and ASPA are related to the inhibition of inflammatory cytokines and mediators via suppression of the NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways, which provides scientific evidence for the potential application of H. diffusa.

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Rare Acetogenins with Anti-Inflammatory Effect from the Red Alga Laurencia obtusa

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules24030476 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 24 (3) ◽

pp. 476

Author(s):

Walied Alarif ◽

Sultan Al-Lihaibi ◽

Nahed Bawakid ◽

Ahmed Abdel-Lateff ◽

Hamdan Al-malky

Keyword(s):

Mononuclear Cells ◽

Human Peripheral Blood ◽

Red Alga ◽

Peripheral Blood Mononuclear ◽

Organic Extract ◽

Chemical Structures ◽

Data Analyses ◽

Tnf Α ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

Inflammatory Effect

Three new rare C12 acetogenins (enyne derivatives 1–3) were isolated from the organic extract obtained from the red alga Laurencia obtusa, collected from the Red Sea. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were established by spectroscopical data analyses. Potent anti-inflammatory effect of the isolated metabolites was evidenced by inhibition of the release of inflammatory mediators (e.g., TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6) by employing Human Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMC).

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