The role of morphology in mathematical models of placental gas exchange

The performance of the placenta as a gas exchanger has a direct impact on the future health of the newborn. To provide accurate estimates of respiratory gas exchange rates, placenta models need to account for both the physiology of exchange and the organ morphology. While the former has been extensively studied, accounting for the latter is still a challenge. The geometrical complexity of placental structure requires use of carefully crafted approximations. We present here the state of the art of respiratory gas exchange placenta modeling and demonstrate the influence of the morphology description on model predictions. Advantages and shortcomings of various classes of models are discussed, and experimental techniques that may be used for model validation are summarized. Several directions for future development are suggested.

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On-Line Measurement of Respiratory Gas Exchange: Role of VO2 as Determinant of O2 Delivery

Computers in Critical Care and Pulmonary Medicine ◽

10.1007/978-1-4615-6701-1_24 ◽

1980 ◽

pp. 243-251

Author(s):

R. W. Patterson ◽

S. F. Sullivan

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Respiratory Gas Exchange ◽

Line Measurement ◽

On Line ◽

O2 Delivery

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REVIEW OF METAMODELING TECHNIQUES FOR PRODUCT DESIGN WITH COMPUTATION-INTENSIVE PROCESSES

Proceedings of the Canadian Engineering Education Association (CEEA) ◽

10.24908/pceea.v0i0.3940 ◽

2011 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

G. Gary Wang ◽

S. Shan

Keyword(s):

Product Design ◽

Future Development ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Design Problems ◽

Improve Efficiency ◽

Large Size ◽

Current State ◽

Design Challenges

Computation-intensive design problems are becoming increasingly common, especially for large-size manufacturers such as those in the aerospace, automotive, and electronics industries. The computation burden is often caused by expensive analysis and simulation processes. Approximation or metamodeling techniques are often used to model these computation-intensive processes in order to improve efficiency. This work will review the current state-of-the-art on metamodeling-based techniques in support of product design. The review is organized from a practitioner’s perspective according to the role of metamodeling in supporting design. Challenges and future development of metamodeling will also be analyzed and discussed.

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The Role of VLBI in the Establishment of Coordinate Systems

International Astronomical Union Colloquium ◽

10.1017/s0252921100051083 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 26 ◽

pp. 293-295 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

I. Zhongolovitch

Keyword(s):

General Solution ◽

Future Development ◽

Rational Approach ◽

Radio Telescopes ◽

Coordinate Systems ◽

Tectonic Plates ◽

Astronomical Observations ◽

Optical Instruments ◽

Fundamental Polyhedron

Considering the future development and general solution of the problem under consideration and also the high precision attainable by astronomical observations, the following procedure may be the most rational approach:1. On the main tectonic plates of the Earth’s crust, powerful movable radio telescopes should be mounted at the same points where standard optical instruments are installed. There should be two stations separated by a distance of about 6 to 8000 kilometers on each plate. Thus, we obtain a fundamental polyhedron embracing the whole Earth with about 10 to 12 apexes, and with its sides represented by VLBI.

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Childhood Weight Management for School Health Nurses and School Children in Malaysia: A conceptual framework

Journal of ASIAN Behavioural Studies ◽

10.21834/jabs.v4i13.331 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 4 (13) ◽

pp. 14-26

Author(s):

Norimah Said ◽

Norazmir Md Nor ◽

Siti Sabariah Buhari ◽

Siti Khuzaimah Ahmad Sharoni

Keyword(s):

Health Education ◽

Conceptual Framework ◽

Weight Management ◽

School Children ◽

School Health ◽

Cognitive Theory ◽

Publishing House ◽

Future Health ◽

Childhood Weight

In developing an effective Chidhood weight management, it needs to be based on a theory. The Social Cognitive theory (SCT) and Urie Bronfenbrenner model with integrated Kolb's model of Learning Styles and Experiential Learning is used in this study to modify and make changes to the personal factor influences such as knowledge, attitude and expectations, behavior modification and environmental influences among overweight and obese school children. The aim of this study is to provide a new model for the professional development role of the nurses in the School Health Program (SHP) and health education promotion towards obese school children to improve their quality of life. Furthermore, in this study SHP and future health education and promotion are integrated with the role of SHN to facilitate the effective management of childhood obesity. Keywords: obesity; school children; school nurses; conceptual framework;weight management eISSN 2514-7528 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/jabs.v4i13.331

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Coinage and the Tributary Mode of Production

10.1093/oso/9780198777601.003.0030 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Eduardo Manzano Moreno

Keyword(s):

Roman Empire ◽

Middle Ages ◽

Social Role ◽

State Of The Art ◽

Early Middle Ages ◽

The Social ◽

Simple Question ◽

Mode Of Production

This chapter addresses a very simple question: is it possible to frame coinage in the Early Middle Ages? The answer will be certainly yes, but will also acknowledge that we lack considerable amounts of relevant data potentially available through state-of-the-art methodologies. One problem is, though, that many times we do not really know the relevant questions we can pose on coins; another is that we still have not figured out the social role of coinage in the aftermath of the Roman Empire. This chapter shows a number of things that could only be known thanks to the analysis of coins. And as its title suggests it will also include some reflections on greed and generosity.

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Water-Worked Gravel Bed: State-of-the-Art Review

Water ◽

10.3390/w11040694 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 694 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Ellora Padhi ◽

Subhasish Dey ◽

Venkappayya R. Desai ◽

Nadia Penna ◽

Roberto Gaudio

Keyword(s):

State Of The Art ◽

Flow Characteristics ◽

Streamwise Velocity ◽

Secondary Currents ◽

Gravel Bed ◽

Natural Stream ◽

Art Research ◽

The Comparative Study ◽

Water Work

In a natural gravel-bed stream, the bed that has an organized roughness structure created by the streamflow is called the water-worked gravel bed (WGB). Such a bed is entirely different from that created in a laboratory by depositing and spreading gravels in the experimental flume, called the screeded gravel bed (SGB). In this paper, a review on the state-of-the-art research on WGBs is presented, highlighting the role of water-work in determining the bed topographical structures and the turbulence characteristics in the flow. In doing so, various methods used to analyze the bed topographical structures are described. Besides, the effects of the water-work on the turbulent flow characteristics, such as streamwise velocity, Reynolds and form-induced stresses, conditional turbulent events and secondary currents in WGBs are discussed. Further, the results form WGBs and SGBs are compared critically. The comparative study infers that a WGB exhibits a higher roughness than an SGB. Consequently, the former has a higher magnitude of turbulence parameters than the latter. Finally, as a future scope of research, laboratory experiments should be conducted in WGBs rather than in SGBs to have an appropriate representation of the flow field close to a natural stream.

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Respiratory Gas Exchange and Growth of Bonin Petrel Embryos

Physiological Zoology ◽

10.1086/physzool.55.2.30155852 ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 55 (2) ◽

pp. 162-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Ted N. Pettit ◽

Gilbert S. Grant ◽

G. Causey Whittow ◽

Hermann Rahn ◽

Charles V. Paganelli

Keyword(s):

Gas Exchange ◽

Respiratory Gas Exchange

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From Exosome Glycobiology to Exosome Glycotechnology, the Role of Natural Occurring Polysaccharides

Polysaccharides ◽

10.3390/polysaccharides2020021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 311-338

Author(s):

Giulia Della Rosa ◽

Clarissa Ruggeri ◽

Alessandra Aloisi

Keyword(s):

State Of The Art ◽

Cell Communication ◽

Pathological Conditions ◽

New Findings ◽

Cell Type Specific ◽

New Perspective ◽

And Function ◽

And Personalized Medicine ◽

Innate Ability

Exosomes (EXOs) are nano-sized informative shuttles acting as endogenous mediators of cell-to-cell communication. Their innate ability to target specific cells and deliver functional cargo is recently claimed as a promising theranostic strategy. The glycan profile, actively involved in the EXO biogenesis, release, sorting and function, is highly cell type-specific and frequently altered in pathological conditions. Therefore, the modulation of EXO glyco-composition has recently been considered an attractive tool in the design of novel therapeutics. In addition to the available approaches involving conventional glyco-engineering, soft technology is becoming more and more attractive for better exploiting EXO glycan tasks and optimizing EXO delivery platforms. This review, first, explores the main functions of EXO glycans and associates the potential implications of the reported new findings across the nanomedicine applications. The state-of-the-art of the last decade concerning the role of natural polysaccharides—as targeting molecules and in 3D soft structure manufacture matrices—is then analysed and highlighted, as an advancing EXO biofunction toolkit. The promising results, integrating the biopolymers area to the EXO-based bio-nanofabrication and bio-nanotechnology field, lay the foundation for further investigation and offer a new perspective in drug delivery and personalized medicine progress.

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