scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications of ZnO Nanowires

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yangyang Zhang ◽  
Manoj K. Ram ◽  
Elias K. Stefanakos ◽  
D. Yogi Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Zno Nanowires ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Unique Material ◽  
Photocatalytic Applications

ZnO nanowires (or nanorods) have been widely studied due to their unique material properties and remarkable performance in electronics, optics, and photonics. Recently, photocatalytic applications of ZnO nanowires are of increased interest in environmental protection applications. This paper presents a review of the current research of ZnO nanowires (or nanorods) with special focus on photocatalysis. We have reviewed the semiconducting photocatalysts and discussed a variety of synthesis methods of ZnO nanowires and their corresponding effectiveness in photocatalysis. We have also presented the characterization of ZnO nanowires from the literature and from our own measurements. Finally, a wide range of uses of ZnO nanowires in various applications is highlighted in this paper.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Novel ZnO Having Cauliflower Morphology for Photocatalytic Degradation Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dipak Nipane ◽  
S. R. Thakare ◽  
N. T. Khati
Keyword(s):  
Photocatalytic Degradation ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Environmental Applications ◽  
Zno Nanowire ◽  
Excellent Performance ◽  
Degradation Study ◽  
Unique Material ◽  
Photocatalytic Applications

ZnO nanowire morphology has been widely studied due to its unique material properties and excellent performance in electronics, optics, and photonic. Recently, photocatalytic applications of ZnO nanowire are creating an increasing interest in the environmental applications. This paper presents a low-cost and ecofriendly synthesis of ZnO with cauliflower morphology and its effectiveness in photocatalysis.

Modeling and Experimental Characterization of Viscoelastic 3D Printed Spring/Damper Systems

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heather L. Lai ◽  
Cuiyu Kuang ◽  
Jared Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Behavior ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Dynamic Properties ◽  
Viscoelastic Materials ◽  
Vibration Isolators ◽  
Damping Behavior ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Printed Materials

The development of flexible, viscoelastic materials for consumer 3D printers has provided the opportunity for a wide range of devices with damping behavior such as tuned vibration isolators to be innovatively developed and inexpensively manufactured. However, there is currently little information available about the dynamic behavior of these 3D printed materials necessary for modeling of dynamic behavior prior to print. In order to fully utilize these promising materials, a deeper understanding of the material properties, and the subsequent dynamic behavior is critical. This study evaluates the use of three different types of models: transient response, frequency response and hysteretic response to predict the dynamic behavior of viscoelastic 3D printed materials based on static and dynamic material properties. Models of viscoelastic materials are presented and verified experimentally using two 3D printable materials and two traditional viscoelastic materials. The experimental response of each of the materials shows agreement with the modeled behavior, and underscores the need for improved characterization of the dynamic properties of viscoelastic 3D printable materials.

scholarly journals Titanium Dioxide – A Missing Photo-Responsive Material for Solar-Driven Oil Spill Remediation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruna Adamu
Keyword(s):  
Titanium Dioxide ◽  
Oil Spill ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Photocatalytic Decomposition ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Structural And Electronic Properties ◽  
Technical Details ◽  
Photocatalytic Applications ◽  
Oil Spill Remediation

TiO2 nanoparticles have been extensively investigated for environmental applications, particularly in the photocatalytic decomposition of organic pollutants using solar energy. The TiO2-derived photocatalysts attract attention because of their photocatalytic efficiency and activity under a wide range of environmental conditions in response to superior structural and electronic properties. Consequently, TiO2 compares with other common semiconductors used for environmental photocatalytic applications, TiO2 is widely being considered close to an ideal semiconductor for photocatalysis. However, despite the impressive photocatalytic and material properties of titanium dioxide, TiO2 has not to this point been incorporated within commercial hub of oil spill remediation products. Therefore, this chapter covers the description of inevitable technical details required for unveiling the full potential of solar-driven photooxidation potency of TiO2, which have been the major challenges that halt its translation to commercial use in oil spill remediation. This at the end would underpin and make TiO2-derived materials a substitute ready to be commercially accepted as a promising method for remediation of oil-polluted aquatic and soil environments.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Properties, and Selected Technical Applications of Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (23) ◽  
pp. 12752
Author(s):  
Jaroslav Hornak
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Oxide ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Biotechnological Applications ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Environmental Friendliness ◽  
Suitable Candidate ◽  
Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Unique Material ◽  
Synthesis Properties

In the last few decades, there has been a trend involving the use of nanoscale fillers in a variety of applications. Significant improvements have been achieved in the areas of their preparation and further applications (e.g., in industry, agriculture, and medicine). One of these promising materials is magnesium oxide (MgO), the unique properties of which make it a suitable candidate for use in a wide range of applications. Generally, MgO is a white, hygroscopic solid mineral, and its lattice consists of Mg2+ ions and O2− ions. Nanostructured MgO can be prepared through different chemical (bottom-up approach) or physical (top-down approach) routes. The required resultant properties (e.g., bandgap, crystallite size, and shape) can be achieved depending on the reaction conditions, basic starting materials, or their concentrations. In addition to its unique material properties, MgO is also potentially of interest due to its nontoxicity and environmental friendliness, which allow it to be widely used in medicine and biotechnological applications.

Innovative Use of Wood Materials in Modern Home Design

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 4156-4160
Author(s):  
Qiao Ling Gui ◽  
Feng Su ◽  
Rui Bo Hu ◽  
Xiao Yan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Modern Technology ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Aesthetic Value ◽  
Design Philosophy ◽  
Unique Material ◽  
Innovative Thinking ◽  
Home Decoration

Under the premise of human-oriented design philosophy and sustainable development, wood is widely used in home decoration industry both home and abroad. The applications of wood not only meet the needs of different people’s requirement in style but have played a basic role in tracing the origin of the ecological and environmental protection as well. The innovative thinking of the usage of wood in home design brings its unique material properties into play and reflects its humane features and returning-to-nature eco-consciousness. This paper is to elaborate utilizing wood into its utmost property. Through introducing the innovative use of the combination among wood, new materials and modern technology, the paper advocates to maximize the practical value, aesthetic value and the technical beauty of the timber so as to bring about the needs of many usages of wood.

The Strange Case of Compacted Graphite Iron: A Remarkable Option with Unique Material Properties or an Unusable Alloy?

2017 ◽  
Vol 754 ◽  
pp. 67-70
Author(s):  
Slobodna Mitrovic ◽  
Emanuele Savini ◽  
Dragan Dzunic
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Compacted Graphite Iron ◽  
Cast Irons ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Compacted Graphite ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Unique Material ◽  
Material Choice ◽  
Strength And Stiffness ◽  
Grey Iron

The Compacted Graphite Iron (CGI) represents an example of material with remarkable and unexplored properties, especially in terms of resistance and machinability. With better strength and stiffness than several cast irons, as Grey Iron, and better castability, machinability and thermal conductivity than others, as Ductile Irons, this alloy would be, at least theoretically, the perfect material choice for a wide range of practical applications. Nevertheless, discovered more than 50 years ago, it has failed to establish itself in a definitive way. This review intends to highlight benefits and limits in choosing CGI in casting.

scholarly journals ZnO nanowires growth direction and parameters affecting their surface morphology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shrok Allami
Keyword(s):  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Bath Temperature ◽  
Growth Direction ◽  
Nucleation And Growth ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Zno Nanowires ◽  
Growth Solution ◽  
Nanowires Growth ◽  
Unique Material

ZnO nanowires (or nanorods) have been widely studied due to their unique material properties and remarkable performance in electronics, optics, and photonics. This chapter presents a review of the current research of ZnO nanowires (or nanorods) synthesized by hydrothermal method. We discussed the mechanism of its nucleation and growth taking the effect of different parameters on its growth direction and their final morphology into account. A mixture of zinc nitrate and hexamine as precursor is the most popular. We reported the effect of precursor type and concentration, pH of the growth solution, bath temperature, substrate type and seeded layer, and duration time.

scholarly journals Brillouin and Raman Micro-Spectroscopy: A Tool for Micro-Mechanical and Structural Characterization of Cortical and Trabecular Bone Tissues

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 6869
Author(s):  
Martina Alunni Cardinali ◽  
Assunta Morresi ◽  
Daniele Fioretto ◽  
Leonardo Vivarelli ◽  
Dante Dallari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trabecular Bone ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Label Free ◽  
Tissue Remodelling ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Unique Material ◽  
Specialized Tissue ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Abnormal Tissue

Human bone is a specialized tissue with unique material properties, providing mechanical support and resistance to the skeleton and simultaneously assuring capability of adaptation and remodelling. Knowing the properties of such a structure down to the micro-scale is of utmost importance, not only for the design of effective biomimetic materials but also to be able to detect pathological alterations in material properties, such as micro-fractures or abnormal tissue remodelling. The Brillouin and Raman micro-spectroscopic (BRmS) approach has the potential to become a first-choice technique, as it is capable of simultaneously investigating samples’ mechanical and structural properties in a non-destructive and label-free way. Here, we perform a mapping of cortical and trabecular bone sections of a femoral epiphysis, demonstrating the capability of the technique for discovering the morpho-mechanics of cells, the extracellular matrix, and marrow constituents. Moreover, the interpretation of Brillouin and Raman spectra merged with an approach of data mining is used to compare the mechanical alterations in specimens excised from distinct anatomical areas and subjected to different sample processing. The results disclose in both cases specific alterations in the morphology and/or in the tissue chemical make-up, which strongly affects bone mechanical properties, providing a method potentially extendable to other important biomedical issues.

scholarly journals Hydrophobic–hydrophilic dichotomy of the butterfly proboscis

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (85) ◽  
pp. 20130336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S. Lehnert ◽  
Daria Monaenkova ◽  
Taras Andrukh ◽  
Charles E. Beard ◽  
Peter H. Adler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Structural Modification ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
External Surface ◽  
Viscous Liquids ◽  
Fluid Uptake ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Unique Material ◽  
Sap Feeding ◽  
Cuticular Structures

Mouthparts of fluid-feeding insects have unique material properties with no human-engineered analogue: the feeding devices acquire sticky and viscous liquids while remaining clean. We discovered that the external surface of the butterfly proboscis has a sharp boundary separating a hydrophilic drinking region and a hydrophobic non-drinking region. The structural arrangement of the proboscis provides the basis for the wetting dichotomy. Theoretical and experimental analyses show that fluid uptake is associated with enlargement of hydrophilic cuticular structures, the legulae, which link the two halves of the proboscis together. We also show that an elliptical proboscis produces a higher external meniscus than does a cylindrical proboscis of the same circumference. Fluid uptake is additionally facilitated in sap-feeding butterflies that have a proboscis with enlarged chemosensory structures forming a brush near the tip. This structural modification of the proboscis enables sap feeders to exploit films of liquid more efficiently. Structural changes along the proboscis, including increased legular width and presence of a brush-like tip, occur in a wide range of species, suggesting that a wetting dichotomy is widespread in the Lepidoptera.

scholarly journals Wood Modification as a Tool to Understand Moisture in Wood

Forests ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 372
Author(s):  
Emil Engelund Thybring ◽  
Maria Fredriksson
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Experimental Methods ◽  
Wood Products ◽  
Wood Biomass ◽  
Wood Chemistry ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Wood Modification ◽  
Wide Range

Moisture plays a central role in the performance of wood products because it affects important material properties such as the resistance to decomposition, the mechanical properties, and the dimensions. To improve wood performance, a wide range of wood modification techniques that alter the wood chemistry in various ways have been described in the literature. Typically, these modifications aim to improve resistance to decomposition, dimensional stability, or, to introduce novel functionalities in the wood. However, wood modification techniques can also be an important tool to improve our understanding of the interactions between wood and moisture. In this review, we describe current knowledge gaps in our understanding of moisture in wood and how modification has been and could be used to clarify some of these gaps. This review shows that introducing specific chemical changes, and even controlling the distribution of these, in combination with the variety of experimental methods available for characterization of moisture in wood, could give novel insights into the interaction between moisture and wood. Such insights could further contribute to applications in several related fields of research such as how to enhance the resistance to decomposition, how to improve the performance of moisture-induced wooden actuators, or how to improve the utilization of wood biomass with challenging swelling anisotropy.

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