Emission of Carbon Dioxide Influenced by Different Water Levels from Soil Incubated Organic Residues

We studied the influence of different organic residues and water levels on decomposition rate and carbon sequestration in soil. Organic residues (rice straw, rice root, cow dung, and poultry litter) including control were tested under moistened and flooding systems. An experiment was laid out as a complete randomized design at 25°C for 120 days. Higher CO2-C (265.45 mg) emission was observed in moistened condition than in flooding condition from 7 to 120 days. Among the organic residues, poultry litter produced the highest CO2-C emission. Poultry litter with soil mixture increased 121% cumulative CO2-C compared to control. On average, about 38% of added poultry litter C was mineralized to CO2-C. Maximum CO2-C was found in 7 days after incubation and thereafter CO2-C emission was decreased with the increase of time. Control produced the lowest CO2-C (158.23 mg). Poultry litter produced maximum cumulative CO2-C (349.91 mg). Maximum organic carbon was obtained in cow dung which followed by other organic residues. Organic residues along with flooding condition decreased cumulative CO2-C,kvalue and increased organic C in soil. Maximumkvalue was found in poultry litter and control. Incorpored rice straw increased organic carbon and decreasedkvalue (0.003 g d−1) in soil. In conclusion, rice straw and poultry litter were suitable for improving soil carbon.

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Effect of growing media on mat type seedling raised for mechanical rice transplanting

Research in Agricultural Engineering ◽

10.17221/79/2016-rae ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 64 (No. 3) ◽

pp. 157-167

Author(s):

Hossen Anwar M ◽

Hossain Mosharraf M ◽

Haque Enamul M ◽

Bell Richard W

Keyword(s):

Rice Straw ◽

Rice Bran ◽

Sandy Loam ◽

Organic Fertilizer ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Clay Loam ◽

Clay Loam Soil ◽

Loam Soil ◽

Rolling Quality

Mechanical transplanted seedling must meet the requirements of standard seedling block with uniform distribution of seedlings and inter-twisting roots for rolling. This study was conducted to identify the effect of growing media on mat type seedling raised for mechanical transplanting at Bangladesh Rice Research Institute (BRRI), Gazipur during the period of 2012–2014 covering two dry and cold seasons (Boro) and one wet season (Aman). Seedling were raised on plastic tray using sandy loam and clay loam soil mixed with decomposed cow-dung, mustard cake, rice straw organic fertilizer, rice bran, poultry litter and vermicompost at the rate of 0.0, 10, 20, 30 and 40%. Rolling quality of the seedling mat decreased and seedling height increased with the increased of mixing rate of organic fertilizer except rice bran and mustard cake. Averaged across three seasons, 10 to 30% cow-dung, rice straw organic fertilizer, vermicompost, 10% poultry litter and 20 to 30% rice bran with both types of soil was found suitable for seedling mat and seedling height. However, seedling varied among the organic fertilizers with both types of soil in the order of cow-dung > rice bran > vermicompost > poultry liter > rice straw organic fertilizer > mustard cake. Clay loam soil showed better performance on rolling quality over sandy loam soil.

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Comparative effect of various organic extracts coated urea fertilizer on the release pattern of Ammonium and Nitrate in the soil at different time intervals

10.21203/rs.3.rs-793877/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Adeel Ahmad ◽

Muhammad Yaseen ◽

Hafiz Naeem Asghar ◽

Shahzad Maqsood Ahmed Basra

Keyword(s):

Fertilizer Application ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Nitrification Inhibitors ◽

Neem Oil ◽

Coating Materials ◽

N Losses ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Coated Urea ◽

And Control ◽

Urea Granules

Abstract Nitrogen (N) fertilizer application is a very important commodity in agricultural systems. However, due to the losses of applied N from the soil microenvironment its efficiency is too low. Different strategies like the use of polymer coating and use of chemical nitrification inhibitors had been employed to reduce N losses. But these chemical nitrification inhibitors are very expensive. Thus, a study was conducted to investigate the effects of different concentrations of parthenium extract, neem oil and acidulated cow dung compost extract on N dynamics in the soil. Three concentrations of parthenium extract (5, 10 and 15 %) and neem oil (1, 2 and 3 %) were coated on urea granules after mixing with the polymer material. Three pH (2, 4 & 6 pH) based acidulated cow dung compost extracts were also coated on urea granules in the same pattern. These coated fertilizers and uncoated urea were applied in jars filled with soil (100g per jar) at the rate of 1g of fertilizer per jar. One treatment was kept as control (without any fertilizer). Treatments along three replications were arranged according to the completely randomized design (CRD). Results depicted that all coating materials caused the release of N consistently from applied fertilizers compared to uncoated treatment. In addition, percent nitrified N was also reduced significantly in coated treatments in comparison to the uncoated urea and control treatments. However, the level of concentration effect was not obvious as lower concentrations of these extracts and oil also performed almost equal to that of higher concentrations.

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ABUNDANCE OF CORAL FISH SPECIES AND THE CONDITION OF CORAL REEFS IN THE WATERS OF THE TIKUS ISLAND, BENGKULU CITY

Asian Journal of Aquatic Sciences ◽

10.31258/ajoas.3.1.38-48 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 38-48

Author(s):

Rugun ◽

Irwan Effendi ◽

Mubarak Mubarak ◽

Hanies Ambarsari

Keyword(s):

Fossil Fuels ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Physical Parameters ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Cow Manure ◽

Environmental Technology ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Volume Measurements ◽

Coral Fish ◽

And Control

This research was conducted in April - June 2019, located at the Center for Environmental Technology Laboratory (PTL) - Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT), Building 820 Geostech, Puspitek Serpong, South Tangerang. The purpose of this study was to determine the biogas production from S. platensis microalgae grown in polluted domestic waste media from Muara Angke waters with different concentrations. The method used in this study is an experimental method with a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with 3 different treatments of S. platensis concentrations consisting of 5% v/v, 15% v/v and 25% v/v performed three repetitions with the addition cow manure substrate and control without the addition of cow manure substrate. The parameters observed were physical parameters, chemical parameters, biomass calculations and biogas volume measurements. Data were analyzed and tested statistically using Analysis Of Variance (ANOVA) and further tested using the LSD test to compare between treatments with a 95% confidence level. Biogas is energy that can be used as an alternative fuel to replace fossil fuels such as petroleum and natural gas. The results showed that S. platensis with the addition of cow dung could produce more biogas volume (4453.6 cm) than S. platensis without the addition of cow dung (697.19 cm). Biogas volume is measured using the gas holder method.

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Assessment of enhanced biodegradation potentials of animal wastes on diesel-contaminated soil

Studia Universitatis Babeş-Bolyai Biologia ◽

10.24193/subbbiol.2020.2.02 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (2) ◽

pp. 19-29

Author(s):

Tosan Akiri-Obaroakpo ◽

Emmanuel Imarhiagbe ◽

Frederick Ekhaise

Keyword(s):

Contaminated Soil ◽

Waste Treatment ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

Diesel Oil ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Hydrocarbonoclastic Bacteria ◽

Bacterial Counts ◽

Oil Spillage ◽

Enhanced Biodegradation ◽

And Control

Oil spillage is a menace, crippling most oil-producing regions around the globe. The aim of this study was to access the role of poultry litter and cow dung in enhancing biodegradation of diesel-contaminated soil. The treatment sets were split into three levels of diesel pollution (50 mL, 100 mL and 150 mL) amended with poultry litters, cow dung and a mixture of both amendments. The microbiological properties-and the total petroleum hydrocarbon content was analyzed for a period of six months using the pour plate techniques and Gas Chromatography (GC-FID), respectively. Agarose gel electrophoresis was used for plasmid detection. Mean total heterotrophic bacterial counts ranged between 40.5±0.5 x104 cfu-1 and 102.0 ±4.0 x104 cfu-1, for C1 (soil with poultry litter and cow dung with 50mL diesel) and Control 2. The mean total hydrocarbonoclastic bacterial counts ranged from 42.0±2.0 x104 cfu-1 to 66.5±2.5 x104 cfu-1 for B1 (soil with cow dung with 50mL diesel) and C3 (soil with poultry litter and cow dung with 150mL diesel). Bacillus subtilis (25.7%) and Staphylococcus aureus (4.73%) were reported as the isolates with the highest and least percentage frequency of occurrence. The percentage of diesel oil degradation was highest in C1 (98.5%) and lowest in Control 1 (31.6%). Plasmid extraction studies carried revealed that two out of the five hydrocarbonoclastic bacteria had both plasmids and chromosomal genes. The result has indicated the enhanced capacity of mixed amendments relative to individual waste treatment used in this study and should be recommended for bioremediation application.

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Emission of carbon dioxide influenced by nitrogen and water levels from soil incubated straw

Plant Soil and Environment ◽

10.17221/387/2010-pse ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 57 (No. 6) ◽

pp. 295-300 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

S.A. Abro ◽

X.H. Tian ◽

D.H. You ◽

X.D. Wang

Keyword(s):

Carbon Mineralization ◽

Field Capacity ◽

Water Levels ◽

Microbial Biomass C ◽

Straw Decomposition ◽

Organic C ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Maize Straw ◽

Set Up ◽

Nitrogen Rates

An incubation study was carried out to investigate the influence of nitrogen rates to determine optimum C/N ratio under various moisture levels for straw decomposition and sequester carbon (C) in the soil. The aim was to observe straw carbon mineralization through measuring the amount of CO2 evolution. A clay loam topsoil mixed with maize straw was supplied with four nitrogen rates (0.04, 0.08, 0.16, 0.32 g N/kg) using (NH4)2SO4 to adjust C/N ratios at 82, 42, 20, and 10. Soil moisture was maintained at 55%, 70%, 85%, and 100% of field capacity incubated at 25°C for 53 days. The experiment was set up with 16 treatments arranged in complete randomized design. Results showed that mixing of straw with soil increased 50% cumulative CO2-C compared to controls. Averagely, about 44% of added maize straw C was mineralized to CO2-C. Straw addition along with nitrogen and moisture had significant relationships (P < 0.05) to cumulative CO2-C, soil organic C and microbial biomass C. There was a highly significant relationship (R2 = 0.99) between CO2-C emission and incubation time.

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Long Term Manuring and Fertilization Effect on Soil Properties in Terrace Soil

Asian Research Journal of Agriculture ◽

10.9734/arja/2020/v13i230101 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 44-52

Author(s):

Firoz Ahmed ◽

Majharul Islam ◽

Md. Mahfujur Rahman ◽

Md. Saikat Hossain Bhuiyan ◽

M. A. Kader

Keyword(s):

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Rice Straw ◽

Green Manure ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Cropping Pattern ◽

N Content

The study was carried out the influence of long term manuring and fertilization on soil properties. Soil samples were collected in 2016 from a highly weathered terrace soil with rice-wheat cropping pattern at Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University (BSMRAU) experimental farm having five OM (control, cow dung, green manure, rice straw and compost) treatments combined with three mineral N fertilizer (control, 155 kg ha-1, 220 kg ha-1) levels. Long term (28 years) application of mineral fertilizers and manure resulted in significant differences in soil organic carbon, total N content, C:N ratio of soil and soil pHKCl between the treatments. The soil organic carbon content varied among the different treatments from 6.11 g OC kg-1 (application of rice straw and no N) to 9.43 g OC kg-1 (application of compost and 220 kg N ha-1 yr-1). The total soil N content varied among the different treatments from 0.41 g N kg-1 (application of rice straw and no N) to 0.73 g N kg-1 (application of compost and 220 kg N ha-1 yr-1). The C:N ratios of the soil varied among the different treatments from 13.3 (application of no exogenous OM and no N) to 15.1(application of green manure and no N). The soil pH varied among the different treatments from 4.42 (application of cow dung and 220 kg N ha-1 yr-) to 4.89 (application of compost/cow dung and no N). So, long term fertilization and manuring undoubtedly bring some changes in the physiochemical soil properties of terrace soil.

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Organic residues on rooting and yield of sugarcane in Typic Quartzipsamments soil

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v19n7p650-655 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 19 (7) ◽

pp. 650-655 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

José C. Pina ◽

José A. M. Bono ◽

Ademir K. M. de Oliveira ◽

Rodrigo dos S. Rufino ◽

Diogo O. Amorim

Keyword(s):

Filter Cake ◽

Block Design ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

Chemical Fertilizer ◽

Organic Residues ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Yield Gain ◽

Npk Fertilizer ◽

And Control

The use of renewable residues as a source of nutrients, associated with chemical input, can provide better efficiency, greater amount of nutrients available to the plant and reduce its application. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different organic residues associated with chemical fertilizer (NPK) on sugarcane rooting and yield. The experiment was conducted in a Typic Quartzipsamments soil, located in Campo Grande-MS, Brazil, from October 2010 to September 2013. The plots were 4 x 5 m (20 m2), set in a randomized block design with four replicates. The treatments consisted of poultry litter (10 t ha-1), filter cake (10 t ha-1), vermicompost (10 t ha-1) and vinasse (300 m3 ha-1), all associated with basic NPK fertilizer, and control (only basic fertilization). All sources were applied in the furrows before planting, with the exception of vinasse, which was applied through fertigation. The results showed that treatment with filter cake obtained the highest amount of roots with yield gain in the 1st and 2nd harvests.

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Pertumbuhan Cladocera jenis Chydoridae pada media kultur yang berbeda

e-Journal BUDIDAYA PERAIRAN ◽

10.35800/bdp.1.2.2013.1910 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Denovis Sambode ◽

Henneke Pangkey ◽

Sartje Lantu

Keyword(s):

Population Growth ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Organic Fertilizers ◽

Cow Dung ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Period Data ◽

Growth Development ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Medium Culture

The aim of this study was to find out the effect of different organic fertilizers on the population growth of Chydorus sp. This research was conducted at Laboratorium of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Fishery and Marine Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, from December, 2012 to January, 2013. The experiment was run in the Completely Randomized Design with 3 treatments and 3 replication. Chydorus sp. was cultured in 9 glass jars with a volume of 1 L each. Three treatments applied in this research included A: medium culture composed of 500ml of water and 50 grams of soil; B: medium culture composed of 500ml of water, 50 grams of soil and 10g of cow dung; C: medium culture composed of 500ml of water, 50 grams of soil and 10g of horse dung. The density of Cydorus sp. in each media was 10 individuals /500 ml water. Observation on the population growth, development of live preys, and water quality parameters was conducted for 20 days period. Data were statistically analized with Analysis of variance. The results showed the highest density of Chydorus sp. was reached by Chydorus cultured in medium with horse manure (2169 individual/500 ml), followed by medium culture with cow manure (1715 individual/500 ml), and the lowest in medium culture with soil which was 1065,33 individual/500 ml. However, Analysis of variances showed that Chydorus population growth were not significantly affected by different culture medium. Keywords: manure, liquid fertilizer, growth, Chydorus sp.

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Detection of Antimicrobial Residues in Poultry Litter: Monitoring a Risk through a Selective and Sensitive HPLC–MS/MS Method

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11051399 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 1399

Author(s):

Karina Yévenes ◽

Ekaterina Pokrant ◽

Lina Trincado ◽

Lisette Lapierre ◽

Nicolás Galarce ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Limit Of Detection ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry ◽

Antimicrobial Residues ◽

Field Samples ◽

Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽

Commercial Poultry ◽

Agriculture Fertilizer ◽

And Control

Tetracyclines, sulphonamides, and quinolones are families of antimicrobials (AMs) widely used in the poultry industry and can excrete up to 90% of AMs administrated, which accumulate in poultry litter. Worryingly, poultry litter is widely used as an agriculture fertilizer, contributing to the spread AMs residues in the environment. The aim of this research was to develop a method that could simultaneously identify and quantify three AMs families in poultry litter by high-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC–MS/MS). Samples of AMs free poultry litter were used to validate the method according to 657/2002/EC and VICH GL49. Results indicate that limit of detection (LOD) ranged from 8.95 to 20.86 μg kg−1, while limits of quantitation (LOQ) values were between 26.85 and 62.58 µg kg−1 of tetracycline, 4-epi-tetracycline, oxytetracycline, 4-epi-oxytetracycline, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, flumequine, sulfachloropyridazine, and sulfadiazine. Recoveries obtained ranged from 93 to 108%. The analysis of field samples obtained from seven commercial poultry flocks confirmed the adequacy of the method since it detected means concentrations ranging from 20 to 10,364 μg kg−1. This provides us an accurate and reliable tool to monitor AMs residues in poultry litter and control its use as agricultural fertilizer.

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