scholarly journals Relationship between the Prevalence of Ectoparasites and Associated Risk Factors in Free-Range Pigs in Kenya

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Maina Kagira ◽  
Paul Njuki Kanyari ◽  
Ndicho Maingi ◽  
Samuel Maina Githigia ◽  
Chege Ng'ang'a ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Sarcoptes Scabiei ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Rhipicephalus Appendiculatus ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Free Range

A cross-sectional study was undertaken to determine the prevalence of ectoparasites and possible risk factors in free-range pigs from 135 farms of Busia District, Kenya. Three hundred and six pigs were examined for presence of external parasites using standard parasitological methods. Data on management practices including housing and history of acaricide spraying were also collected. The ectoparasites found in the pigs were Haematopinus suis (96.1%), Sarcoptes scabiei (63.7%), and ticks (29.7%). The tick species included Rhipicephalus appendiculatus (70%), Boophilus decoloratus (31%), and Amblyomma variegatum (12%). The occurrence of the infestations was associated with age, being highest in sows (S. scabiei) and finishers (ticks and H. suis). Male pigs had highest prevalences of H. suis and ticks, while female pigs had highest prevalence of S. scabiei. The prevalence of the parasitic infestations was significantly () associated with their origin being either lower (H. suis and S. scabiei) or higher (ticks) in pigs originating from divisions with high rainfall. Housed pigs had significantly () lower prevalence of H. suis and ticks than those from households without pig housing. It is concluded that the free-range pigs have high prevalence of ectoparasites, and effective control strategies focussing on improved animal husbandry and acaricide use should be implemented.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with Ctenocephalides felis flea infestation of peri-urban goats: a neglected parasite in an under-appreciated host

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Rose Dahm ◽  
Jordana Burdon Bailey ◽  
Robert F. Kelly ◽  
Patrick Chikungwa ◽  
Julius Chulu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Communities ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Ctenocephalides Felis ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flea Infestation

AbstractGoats are critical in mixed smallholder agricultural systems in lower and middle-income countries, while fleas are important human and animal health concerns around the world. Convenience sampling was used to describe and consider risk factors for flea infestations of peri-urban goats, with the aim of informing the iterative development of animal husbandry and management based control strategies. Seven hundred and ninety-two goats were examined in 228 households across 10 peri-urban communities surrounding Blantyre in southern Malawi. The prevalence of Ctenocephalides felis fleas was 18.3, 37.1 and 100% at the levels of individual goats, households and communities, respectively, highlighting a neglected human and animal health concern. Constant introduction of new livestock coupled to a lack of biosecurity within communities, the ubiquitous presence of dog and cat hosts for C. felis, the frequency and thoroughness of cleaning overnight goat accommodation, and goat age less than 12 months old were identified as risk factors for flea infestation. This focal cross-sectional study highlights the significance of fleas in peri-urban communities and uncovers trends and commonalities that are needed to inform sustainable disease management. The majority of the peri-urban goat keepers were female, had resided in the same community throughout their whole life and had primary level education. Advice on the planned management of fleas in livestock needs to be tailored towards this demographic group. This approach affords an opportunity to promote public health measures to address household flea infestations and zoonotic disease spread.

scholarly journals Risk factors associated with cows' lying time, stall and cows' own cleanliness in smallholder dairy farms in Kenya

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1085-1092
Author(s):  
E. K. Kathambi ◽  
J. A. VanLeeuwen ◽  
G. K. Gitau ◽  
C. Kamunde
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Farm Level ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Smallholder Dairy

Background and Aim: The welfare of animals kept in livestock production systems has raised concerns around the world. Adult dairy cattle require adequate rest and spend approximately 12 h/day lying down. This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the stall factors and management practices affecting cows' lying time, stall cleanliness, and cows' cleanliness (udder and upper leg), in smallholder dairy cows in Meru County of Kenya. Materials and Methods: A total of 106 milking cows from 73 farms were assessed for daily lying time and cleanliness. Data loggers were used to record the lying time of cows for 3 days. Stall, udder, and upper leg cleanliness were assessed using a 5-score system: 1 (very clean) to 5 (very dirty). Management information was acquired using a questionnaire that was administered face-to-face to the farmers in their native Kimeru language. Univariable and multivariable linear and logistic regression models were fit to determine factors associated with cows' lying time and dichotomized stall and cows' own cleanliness, respectively. Results: The mean daily lying time was 10.9±2.2 h, and the mean stall cleanliness score was 2.4±1.0. The mean average cleanliness scores of the udder and upper legs were 1.9±0.7 and 2.5±1.1, respectively. Overall, 35% of the stalls were categorized as dirty (>2.5), whereas 13% and 47% of the cows had udder and leg cleanliness scores >2.5, respectively. From the final multivariable models (p<0.05), daily lying time increased by 1.0 h for cows older than 5.25 years versus younger cows. Conversely, lying time decreased by 1.0 h with stall cleanliness scores >2.5 and by 1.6 h with poorly positioned neck rails. In an interaction term, addition of new bedding at least once a day without removing stall manure at least once a day decreased the daily lying time of the cows by 1.5 h, whereas failure to add new bedding at least once a day but removing stall manure at least once a day decreased the lying time of the cows by 1.2 h. Farm-level risk factors for stall dirtiness (>2.5) included delayed cleaning of the alley (odds ratio [OR]=6.6, p=0.032), lack of bedding (OR=4.9, p=0.008), and standing idle and/or backward in the stall (OR=10.5, p=0.002). Stalls categorized as dirty (OR=2.9, p=0.041) and lack of bedding (OR=2.7, p=0.065) were cow- and farm-level risk factors for dirtiness of the udder (>2.5), respectively, whereas the stall being dirty (OR=2.3, p=0.043) was the only risk factor (cow level) for dirtiness of the upper legs (>2.5). Conclusion: It was recommended that farmers should pay attention to the specific factors identified regarding the stall design (e.g., neck rail position) and bedding/manure management that impact the cleanliness of cows and their lying time.

scholarly journals Active Surveillance, Drug Resistance, and Genotypic Profiling of Staphylococcus aureus Among School-Age Children in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bingshao Liang ◽  
Xiaoyun Liang ◽  
Fei Gao ◽  
Yan Long ◽  
Jialiang Mai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Drug Resistance ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Multi Locus Sequence Typing ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Resistance Rates

Methicillin-susceptible (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) nasal colonization predisposes individuals for endogenous infections and is a major threat to children. Recently, oxacillin/cefoxitin-susceptible mecA-positive S. aureus (OS-MRSA) has been reported worldwide. Herein, a prospective, cross-sectional study was conducted across five schools, representing three educational stages, in Guangzhou, China. Nasal swabs from 2,375 students were cultured for S. aureus and all isolates were subjected to antibiotic susceptibility testing phenotypically and confirmed by femB and mecA genetic detection; all the isolates were classified as MSSA, MRSA, or OS-MRSA. All strains were also analyzed by multi-locus sequence typing. Among the 2,375 swabs, S. aureus was detected in 744 children (31.3%, 95% CI: 25.9–36.7%), of whom 72 had MRSA (3.0%, 95% CI: 0.6–5.4%) and 4 had OS-MRSA (0.2%, 95% CI: 0.1–0.3%), of which an oxacillin- and cefoxitin-susceptible MRSA strain was identified. The prevalence of S. aureus and MRSA was higher in younger children. The highest percentage of drug resistance of the S. aureus isolates (n = 744) was to penicillin (85.5%), followed by erythromycin (43.3%) and clidamycin (41.0%). The most prevalent sequence types (STs) were ST30, ST45, and ST188 in MSSA, accounting for 38.7% of the total isolates, whereas ST45, ST59, and ST338 accounted for 74.6% of the MRSA isolates and ST338 accounted for 50.0% of the OS-MRSA isolates. The MRSA and OS-MRSA isolates (n = 76) were grouped into three clades and one singleton, with clonal complex (CC) 45 as the most predominant linkage. The top nine multi-locus sequence typing-based CCs (CC30, CC45, CC5, CC1, CC15, CC944, CC398, CC59, CC7) represented 86.7% of all S. aureus isolates. All CC30 isolates were resistant to erythromycin and clidamycin, and almost all these isolates were also resistant to penicillin (99.2%). The CC45 and CC59 isolates exhibited high resistance rates to oxacillin at 31.5 and 59.0%, respectively. This study provides updated data valuable for designing effective control strategies to mitigate the burden of disease and to improve the adequacy of empirical antimicrobial treatments for potentially harmful infections.

scholarly journals Schistosoma mansoni infection and risk factors among fishermen at Lake Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadesse Menjetta ◽  
Daniel Dana ◽  
Serkadis Debalke
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Parasitic Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽  
The Status ◽  
Hook Worm

Schistosomiasis/Bilharziasis is one of the neglected tropical parasitic diseases caused by different species of genus schistosoma. Among the species, S.mansoni (causative agents of intestinal schistosomiasis) is one of the causes of severe intestinal parasitic infections with high public and medical importance in Ethiopia. There is scarcity of information about the status of S.mansoni infection among the fisherman in the present study area and in the country at large. Therefore this study was designed to determine the prevalence and risk factors of S.mansoni infection among fishermen at Lake Hawassa, southern Ethiopia. A cross-sectional study was conducted among the fishermen from April to June 2013 in Hawassa, Southern Ethiopia. A total of 243 fishermen were included by Systematic Random Sampling from the lists of the fishermen members in the registration book of fishermen associations in the Hawassa Town. Data on socio-demographic features and risk factors were collected by using semi-structured questionnaires. Stool samples were collected and processed using Kato-Katz thick smear techniques and examined between 30- 40 minute for hook worm and after 24 hours for S.mansoni and other soil transmitted helminths (STHs). The overall prevalence of S.mansoni among the fishermen was 29.21% (71/243) and the mean intensity of infection was 158.88 eggs per gram (EPG). The prevalence of intestinal helminths including S.mansoni was 69.54% (169/243). Moreover, the prevalence of soil transmitted helminths (STHs) were 40.74% (99/243), 35.80% (87/243) and 5.76% (14/243) for A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura and hookworm species, respectively. Almost similar prevalence of S.mansoni, 31.82%, 31.75%, 31.94% were recorded in age groups of 15-19, 20-24 and 25-29 years, respectively. Fishermen who are swimming always were 2.92 times [95% CI: 1.554, 5.502] more likely to acquire S.mansoni infection than other water contacting habit of the study participants. The results of current investigation indicated the moderate endemicity of S.mansoni among the fishermen at Lake Hawassa, southern Ethiopia. Fishermen could be the potential risk group for S.mansoni infection and might be responsible for the transmission of S.mansoni to other segments of the communities. Since high prevalence of STH were recorded among the fishermen, integrated prevention and control strategies from different sectors might be important to tackle the problem. Key words: S.mansoni, Soil transmitted helminths, Fishermen, Lake Hawassa, Ethiopia

scholarly journals Fore-Stomach Foreign Bodies: prevalence, associated risk factors and types affecting cattle slaughtered at Gondar ELFORA abattoir, northwest Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-122
Author(s):  
Amare Bihon ◽  
Teketaye Bayeleyegn ◽  
Ayalew Assefa ◽  
Yimer Muktar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Foreign Body ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Foreign Bodies ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Northwest Ethiopia ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Adult Cattle ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

In Ethiopia, recurrent drought and feed shortage coupling with high level of environmental pollution predispose the animals to foreign body  ingestion. A cross-sectional study with systematic random sampling approach was employed from November 2018 to April, 2019 with the objectives of estimating the prevalence; identify associated risk factors and to categorize the types of foreign body in cattle slaughtered at Gondar ELFORA Abattoir. Ante-mortem and postmortem examinations were used to collect the data. From the total of 384 animals examined, the overall prevalence of foreign body was 83(21.61%). Adult and old animals were 4.33 (95% CI=0.98, 19.00, p=0.052) and 4.54 (95% CI=1.03, 19.96, p=0.045) times more likely to have a chance of getting foreign body than young animals by keeping another factors constant, respectively. However, the difference is not statistically significant for adult cattle. Moreover, poor and medium body conditioned animals were 2.19 (95% CI=1.04, 4.56, p=0.037) and 1.51 (95% CI=0.72, 3.13, p=0.273) times more likely to acquire foreign bodies than good body conditioned animals by keeping another factors constant. In the positive cases (N=83), 41(49.40%), 34(40.96%), 8(9.64%) and 0(0%) of the foreign bodies were found in the rumen, reticulum, both rumen and reticulum, and omasum, respectively. Majority of foreign bodies identified (79.51%) were non-metallic in nature, including clothes, plastics, rope,  sand and stone. Designing and implementation of appropriate solid waste disposal and management practices are strongly recommended to reduce the risk of ingestion of indigestible foreign bodies. Keyword: Abattoir; Cattle; Foreign body; Fore stomach; Prevalence

scholarly journals Search for the Occurrence of Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens in Pigs Within Zaria and Environs, in Kaduna State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
E. C. Maaji ◽  
S. N. G. Kia ◽  
M. Bello
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Clostridium Difficile ◽  
Clostridium Perfringens ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Egg Yolk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pig Management ◽  
Study Sites ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

AbstractAnimals have been known to be the main study subjects when investigating the epidemiology of zoonotic Gram-positive Clostridium difficile and Clostridium perfringens. This cross-sectional study was aimed at determining the occurrence of C. difficile and C. perfringens in pigs as well as the associated risk factors within Zaria and environs, in Kaduna State of Nigeria. A pre-sampling survey led to the selection of Shika, Samaru and Ungwan Mangu in the pig farming communities of Zaria and environs in Kaduna North as the study sites. Rectal swabs from 132 pigs were obtained and anaerobically cultured in fluid thioglycolate and further grown on reinforced clostridia agar. The colonies obtained were sub-cultured in Clostridium difficile moxalactam norfloxacin agar and reinforced clostridia agar containing egg yolk tellurite. C. difficile was not detected. However, C. perfringens was detected at a prevalence of 16.7 % (22/132). Isolates were tested for their susceptibility to 13 antimicrobials. Only 1 isolate (4.55 %) demonstrated susceptibility to vancomycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol and erythromycin. Of the bivariate analyses of the risk factors studied, only the type of piggery and pig management were statistically significant (P < 0.05) for C. perfringens. Therefore, it should be recognized that there is a need for pig farmers to be enlightened about this pathogen and its prevention through good management practices and hygiene.

scholarly journals Major Causes of Calf Morbidity and Mortality in Smallholder Dairy Farms in Shashemene Town, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdela Edao ◽  
Abdurahman Meribo
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Dairy Farms ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
Smallholder Dairy ◽  
Floor Condition ◽  
Smallholder Dairy Farms

A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the major causes of calf morbidity and mortality in smallholder dairy farms and associated potential risk factors in Shashemene. A total of 187 calves from 46 farms were included in the present study. The overall crude morbidity and crude mortality rates were 27.8% and 6.4%, respectively. The most frequent disease syndrome was diarrhea with incidence rate of 28(15%) followed by pneumonia 8(4.3%), Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorder 8(4.3%) and septicemia 5(2.7%). In addition skin lesion, navel ill and unidentified cases were encountered. The main causes of death were diarrhea 6(3.2%), Septicemia 2(1.1%), GIT disorder 2(1.1%), pneumonia 1(0.5%) and others 1(0.5%). The most important risk factors associated with morbidity and mortality were housing hygiene, floor condition and calf size in farm. Out of 187 calves examined for GIT parasites; 63(33.3%) were positive for nematode eggs. Prevalence of helminthes parasite increased with increasing age, showing higher prevalence (P<0.05) in calves above 2 months than in calves below 2 months of age. Besides, majority of the calves, 48(25.7%) were found positive for coccidian oocyst. In general; diarrhea, pneumonia and septicemia were the major causes of calf morbidity and mortality. Interms of risk factors housing hygiene, floor condition, calf size in the farms, age and breed were identified major role players. Therefore, identifying major causes and improving management practices and breed should be given to emphasis by advisory of smallholder dairy farms.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of viral hepatitis B and C in Punjab, Pakistan: a multicenter cross-sectional study, 2017-18

F1000Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 2065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amjad Khan ◽  
Saira Afzal ◽  
Aashifa Yaqoob ◽  
Razia Fatima ◽  
Mahboob Ul Haq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Multivariable Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Globally, approximately 240 million people are chronically infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV), which are responsible for 96% of all hepatitis-related mortality. Pakistan has the second highest prevalence of HCV in the world. Methods: We conducted this study to ascertain the prevalence and potential risk factors associated with HBV and HCV infections in Punjab. A multi-center cross-sectional study was conducted, involving 24 Hepatitis Prevention and Treatment Clinics of the Pakistan Kidney and Liver Institute and Research Center clinics, Lahore. A total of 141,705 individuals who visited the clinics during 2017-18 were included for seroprevalence analysis of hepatitis B (HBsAg) and C (Anti-HCV). In addition, 12,427 individuals from the main group underwent detailed face-to-face interviews based on a predesigned questionnaire for risk factor assessment. Results: The overall prevalence for HBV and HCV was 8.4% and 42.7%, respectively. Of those with HCV infection, 4.2% had a co-infection. The transgender population had a higher seroprevalence of HBV (11.8%) and HCV (58.8%). Higher HBV seroprevalence was found in a younger age group (16-30 years), while the older age group (>61 years) had a higher HCV seroprevalence. Geographically, Muzaffargarh district had the highest HBV seroprevalence at 26%, followed by Rajanpur district (20.3%). HCV seroprevalence was significantly (P value <0.05) higher in Shujabad district (66.4%), followed by Muzaffargarh (65.2%). Using multivariable logistic regression analysis, age, gender, intravenous injections, hijama therapy, dental procedure, circumcision by barbers, barber shaving, hospitalization and having had surgical procedures were all found to be significant risk factors (OR >1; p<0.05) for HBV and HCV. Conclusions: There is an urgent need for proper implementation of preventive and control strategies, as well as formal evaluation and monitoring mechanisms. Sustainable and adequate funding of public-sector hepatitis programs is also an extremely important area that should not be neglected.

scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance: A cross-sectional study on knowledge, attitude, and practices among veterinarians of Haryana state in India

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 258-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thulasiraman Parkunan ◽  
Manju Ashutosh ◽  
Bharathy Sukumar ◽  
Jatinder Singh Chera ◽  
Sendhil Ramadas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
One Health ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Animal Farming ◽  
Livestock Management

Aim: The current study aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practices pertaining to antibiotic usage among the field veterinarians who serve as nodal officers playing a crucial role in disseminating knowledge to the farmers regarding livestock management practices in India. Materials and Methods: A pilot study was conducted in which 106 of the 173 field veterinarians of Haryana, India, agreed to contribute through their valuable participation in the study. The collected data were critically analyzed by simple descriptive statistics, and the responses were ranked using Garrett's ranking method. Results: Our study found that most of the clinicians were aware of the fundamental clinical aspects of antibiotic resistance (AR), i.e., the general causes and transmission of resistance, response during treatment failure, and safe disposal of hospital waste. Further, implementation of "antibiotic stewardship" (rational/responsible use of antibiotics) and interruption of AR transmission by means of cross-kingdom pathogens are two ways to restrict the spread of resistant pathogens which were not in the clinical purview of majority of the clinicians. This highlights a lack of awareness and scope of improving clinician's knowledge pertaining to AR. Moreover, we got to know the methodology adopted by farmers for disposal of infected milk from diseased udders as well as their attitude toward diseased and unproductive animals. Conclusion: This study provides snippets of the current animal husbandry practices prevalent at the field level which would assist to plug in the gaps of knowledge regarding AR among the veterinarians as well as the general public and serve to reduce its deleterious impacts in Indian animal farming as well as in the world through the concept of "One World, One Health."

scholarly journals Schistosoma mansoni infection and risk factors among the fishermen of Lake Hawassa, southern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 817-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadesse Menjetta ◽  
Serkadis Debalke ◽  
Daniel Dana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Schistosoma Mansoni ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
High Risk Group ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Control

AbstractSchistosomiasis is a neglected tropical parasitic disease caused by different species of genus Schistosoma. Schistosoma mansoni causes a severe intestinal parasitic infection of high public and medical importance in Ethiopia. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of, and risk factors for, S. mansoni infection among the fishermen of Lake Hawassa, southern Ethiopia, using a cross-sectional study design. A total of 243 fishermen were selected from the Hawassa Town Fishermen Association’s list in 2013. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and risk factors were collected from the fishermen using semi-structured questionnaires. Stool samples were collected and processed using the Kato–Katz thick smear technique. The overall prevalence of S. mansoni among the fishermen was 29.21% and the mean intensity of infection was 158.88 eggs per gram (EPG). The overall prevalence of intestinal helminths, including S. mansoni, was 69.54%. Similar prevalences of S. mansoni were recorded in age groups 15–19, 20–24 and 25–29 years: 31.82%, 31.75% and 31.94%, respectively. Fishermen who swam a minimum of once a week in Lake Hawassa were 2.92 times (95% CI: 1.554, 5.502) more likely to have acquired S. mansoni infection than those who swam in the lake less than once a week. The results indicate moderate endemicity of S. mansoni infection among the fishermen of Lake Hawassa. These fishermen could be a potentially high-risk group for S. mansoni infection and might be responsible for the transmission of infection to other segments of the community visiting the lake for recreation. Moreover, a high prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths (STHs) was recorded among the fishermen. Integrated prevention and control strategies for schistosomiasis and STHs by different sectors are needed to tackle this problem.

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