Protective Effect of Sundarban Honey against Acetaminophen-Induced Acute Hepatonephrotoxicity in Rats

Honey, a supersaturated natural product of honey bees, contains complex compounds with antioxidant properties and therefore has a wide a range of applications in both traditional and modern medicine. In the present study, the protective effects of Sundarban honey from Bangladesh against acetaminophen- (APAP-) induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in experimental rats were investigated. Adult male Wistar rats were pretreated with honey (5 g/kg) for 4 weeks, followed by the induction of hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity via the oral administration of a single dose of APAP (2 g/kg). Organ damage was confirmed by measuring the elevation of serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), total protein (TP), total bilirubin (TB), urea, creatinine, and malondialdehyde (MDA). Histopathological alterations observed in the livers and the kidneys further confirmed oxidative damage to these tissues. Animals pretreated with Sundarban honey showed significantly markedly reduced levels of all of the investigated parameters. In addition, Sundarban honey ameliorated the altered hepatic and renal morphology in APAP-treated rats. Overall, our findings indicate that Sundarban honey protects against APAP-induced acute hepatic and renal damage, which could be attributed to the honey’s antioxidant properties.

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The Protective Effects of Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescription, Han-Dan-Gan-Le, on CCl4-induced Liver Fibrosis in Rats

The American Journal of Chinese Medicine ◽

10.1142/s0192415x98000361 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 26 (03n04) ◽

pp. 325-332 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Cheng-Xiu Li ◽

Ling Li ◽

Jung Lou ◽

Wen-Xiou Yang ◽

Ting-Wen Lei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chinese Medicine ◽

Liver Fibrosis ◽

Human Liver ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Morphological Alterations ◽

Collagen Accumulation ◽

Medicine Prescription ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Chinese Medicine Prescription

Han-Dan-Gan-Le, a Chinese medicine preparation composed of Salvia miltorrhiza, Radix paeoniae, Astragalus membranaceus, Stephania tetrandra, and dried leaves of Ginkgo biloba, has been used successfully to treat human liver fibrosis and cirrhosis for years. This study was designed to examine the mechanisms of the protection. Male Wistar rats were given CCI4 (1.2 ml/kg, 2 times/week), 20% fat diet, and 30% alcohol in drinking water (every other day) for 6 weeks. Han-Dan-Gan-Le (0.5 and 1.0 g/kg, p.o., daily for 6 weeks) was administered to rats simultaneously to examine the protective effects against CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. The experimentally-induced liver fibrosis and other morphological alterations were significantly ameliorated by Han-Dan-Gan-Le. Han-Dan-Gan-Le treatments decreased CCl4-induced hepatic collagen accumulation by more than 50%, and significantly increased urinary excretion of hydroxyproline. The CCl4-induced lipid peroxidation in liver and serum was ameliorated as a result of Han-Dan-Gan-Le treatment, possibly by restoring the activity of superoxide dismutase activity in liver and erythrocytes, In conclusion, Han-Dan-Gan-Le is effective in protecting against liver fibrosis. The mechanisms of the protection appear to be due to its antioxidant properties and the modulation of hepatic collagen metabolism.

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The Effect of Saffron (Crocus Sativus) on Oxymetholone-induced Hepatic and Renal Injury in Rats

Iranian Jornal of Toxicology ◽

10.32598/ijt.15.4.435.2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 233-240

Author(s):

Reza Kheirandish ◽

◽

Mehdi Saberi ◽

Shahrzad Azizi ◽

Reza Khakdan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Free Radicals ◽

Treatment Group ◽

Muscle Growth ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Degenerative Changes ◽

Crocus Sativus ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Histopathological Results

Background: Oxymetholone, an anabolic-androgenic steroid, has been used to treat some diseases. The abuse of this compound, especially for muscle growth, has severe oxidative side effects on the liver and kidneys. Oxidative stress and free radicals are responsible for the development of various diseases. Phytochemicals are sources of polyphenols, flavonoids, saponins, etc. and may act as scavengers of free radicals. Saffron (Crocus sativus) has considerable antioxidant properties, which may be useful in reversing or preventing these negative effects. Methods: To evaluate the effects of saffron on the liver and kidneys degenerative changes induced by oxymetholone, 24 male Wistar rats were used. The rats were randomly divided into four groups of six rats each as: a) sham (normal saline, 40 mg/kg/day), b) saffron control (40 mg/kg/day), c) oxymetholone (50 mg/rat), and d) treatment group [saffron (40 mg/kg/day)+oxymetholone (50 mg/rat)]. The course of examination was 30 days. Results: After one month, the sham and saffron control groups had normal histological findings. The treatment group with saffron showed a significant reduction in the hepatic and renal degenerative changes induced by oxymetholone compared to those observed in group. Conclusion: Based on the histopathological results, the use of saffron produced protective effects against the degenerative changes in rats’ liver and kidneys induced by oxymetholone.

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Pulmonary Protective Effects of Propofol on Cisplatin-Induced Oxidative Damage in Male Rats

Avicenna Journal of Pharmaceutical Research ◽

10.34172/ajpr.2020.13 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 72-75

Author(s):

Sajjad Makhdoomi ◽

Akram Oftade ◽

Sodabe Khodabandehlou ◽

Akram Ranjbar

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Lung Tissue ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Male Rats ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Protected Group ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Total Antioxidant ◽

Pulmonary Damage ◽

Male Wistar Rats

Background: The present study was performed to investigate the protective effects of propofol against cisplatin-induced pulmonary toxicity in rats. Methods: A total of 20 male Wistar rats weighing 180-250 g were divided into four groups of control, the cisplatin-intoxicated group intraperitoneally (IP) injected with cisplatin (7 mg/kg/d for a week), the propofol group (10 mg/kg/d, IP), and the protected group receiving propofol (10 mg/kg/d, IP) poisoned by cisplatin. Then, the biomarkers of total antioxidant capacity (TAC), catalase (CAT) activity, and lipid peroxidation (LPO) were measured in homogeneous lung tissues. Results: The data revealed the evidence of oxidative stress in the lung tissue of cisplatin-intoxicated rats as indicated by an increase in the level of LPO compared with propofol and protected groups (P<0.05). Moreover, TAC decreased in the cisplatin group while it increased in the propofol group compared to cisplatin and protected groups (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed between the groups regarding CAT (P>0.05). Protection with propofol ameliorated the oxidative stress induced by cisplatin in the lung tissue because of the reduction of LPO. Conclusion: According to these results, it seems that propofol provides a remarkable protection against cisplatin-induced oxidative pulmonary damage mediated by its antioxidant properties.

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Anti-Inflammatory and Organ-Protective Effects of Resveratrol in Trauma-Hemorrhagic Injury

Mediators of Inflammation ◽

10.1155/2015/643763 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-9 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Fu-Chao Liu ◽

Yung-Fong Tsai ◽

Hsin-I Tsai ◽

Huang-Ping Yu

Keyword(s):

Intracellular Signaling ◽

Cardiac Contractility ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Sirtuin 1 ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Species Formation ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein ◽

Liver And Kidney ◽

Anti Inflammatory

Resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic compound of grape and red wine, owns potential anti-inflammatory effects, which results in the reduction of cytokines overproduction, the inhibition of neutrophil activity, and the alteration of adhesion molecules expression. Resveratrol also possesses antioxidant, anti-coagulation and anti-aging properties, and it may control of cell cycle and apoptosis. Resveratrol has been shown to reduce organ damage following traumatic and shock-like states. Such protective phenomenon is reported to be implicated in a variety of intracellular signaling pathways including the activation of estrogen receptor, the regulation of the sirtuin 1/nuclear factor-kappa B and mitogen-activated protein kinases/hemeoxygenase-1 pathway, and the mediation of proinflammatory cytokines and reactive oxygen species formation and reaction. In the recent studies, resveratrol attenuates hepatocyte injury and improves cardiac contractility due to reduction of proinflammatory mediator expression and ameliorates hypoxia-induced liver and kidney mitochondrial dysfunction following trauma and hemorrhagic injuries. Moreover, through anti-inflammatory effects and antioxidant properties, the resveratrol is believed to protect organ function in trauma-hemorrhagic injury. In this review, the organ-protective and anti-inflammatory effects of resveratrol in trauma-hemorrhagic injury will be discussed.

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Structural and functional renal alterations in five-sixth nephrectomized rats on unrestricted diet

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s042482010014333x ◽

1986 ◽

Vol 44 ◽

pp. 342-343

Author(s):

I. Stachura ◽

M. Pardo ◽

J. Costello ◽

D.M. Landwehr

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Renal Damage ◽

Standard Diet ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Phosphate Intake ◽

Dietary Restrictions ◽

Severe Reduction ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Unrestricted Diet ◽

Progressive Renal Insufficiency

Under experimental conditions severe reduction of renal mass results in the hyperfiltration of the remaining nephrons leading to a progressive renal insufficiency. Similar changes are observed in patients with various renal disorders associated with a loss of the functioning nephrons. The progression of renal damage is accelerated by high protein and phosphate intake, and may be modified by the dietary restrictions.We studied 50 five-sixth nephrectarrized male Wistar rats on a standard diet (Rodent Laboratory Chow 5001 Ralston Purina Co., Richmond, Indiana; containing 23.4% protein) over a 20 week period.

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Red wine extract, resveratrol, on maintenance of organ function following trauma-hemorrhage

Functional Foods in Health and Disease ◽

10.31989/ffhd.v2i10.76 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 2 (10) ◽

pp. 351

Author(s):

Fu-Chao Liu ◽

Huang-Ping Yu

Keyword(s):

Intracellular Signaling ◽

Red Wine ◽

Antioxidant Properties ◽

Neutrophil Function ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Organ Function ◽

Mitogen Activated Protein ◽

Ros Formation ◽

Anti Inflammatory ◽

And Control

Resveratrol, is a polyphenol that can be extracted from grapes and red wine, possess potential anti-inflammatory effects, which would result in the reduction of cytokine production, the alteration of the expression of adhesion molecule molecules, and the inhibition of neutrophil function. Resveratrol might also act as an antioxidant, anti-aging, and control of cell cycle and apoptosis. Resveratrol has been shown to have protective effects for patients in shock-like states. Such protective phenomenon is reported to be implicated in a variety of intracellular signaling pathways including the regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)/ hemeoxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway, activates estrogen receptor (ER), and the mediation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and reactive. Moreover, through anti-inflammatory effects and antioxidant properties, the resveratrol is believed to maintain organ function following trauma-hemorrhage.Key words: resveratrol, anti-inflammatory, trauma-hemorrhage.

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Protective Effects of GYY4137 on Renal Ischaemia/Reperfusion Injury through Nrf2-Mediated Antioxidant Defence

Kidney & Blood Pressure Research ◽

10.1159/000509933 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Hongmei Zhao ◽

Yun Qiu ◽

Yichen Wu ◽

Hong Sun ◽

Sumin Gao

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Reperfusion Injury ◽

Nuclear Translocation ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Related Factor ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Ischaemia Reperfusion Injury ◽

Renal Ischaemia ◽

Ischaemia Reperfusion ◽

Renal Histology

Introduction/Aims: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is considered to be the third most important endogenous gasotransmitter in organisms. GYY4137 is a long-acting donor for H2S, a gas transmitter that has been shown to prevent multi-organ damage in animal studies. We previously reported the effect of GYY4137 on cardiac ischaemia reperfusion injury (IRI) in diabetic mice. However, the role and mechanism of GYY4137 in renal IRI are poorly understood. The aims of this study were to determine whether GYY4137 can effectively alleviate the injury induced by renal ischaemia reperfusion and to explore its possible mechanism. Methods: Mice received right nephrectomy and clipping of the left renal pedicle for 45 min. GYY4137 was administered by intraperitoneal injection for 2 consecutive days before the operation. The model of hypoxia/reoxygenation injury was established in HK-2 cells, which were pre-treated with or without GYY4137. Renal histology, function, apoptosis, and oxidative stress were measured. Western blot was used to measure the target protein after renal IRI. Results: The results indicated that GYY4137 had a clear protective effect on renal IRI as reflected by the attenuation of renal dysfunction, renal tubule injury, and apoptosis. Moreover, GYY4137 remarkably reduced renal IRI-induced oxidative stress. GYY4137 significantly elevated the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and the expression of antioxidant enzymes regulated by Nrf2, including SOD, HO-1, and NQO-1. Conclusions: GYY4137 alleviates ischaemia reperfusion-induced renal injury through activating the antioxidant effect mediated by Nrf2 signalling.

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The effects of naloxone, diazepam, and quercetin on seizure and sedation in acute on chronic tramadol administration: an experimental study

Behavioral and Brain Functions ◽

10.1186/s12993-021-00178-w ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Samaneh Nakhaee ◽

Khadijeh Farrokhfall ◽

Ebrahim Miri-Moghaddam ◽

Mohsen Foadoddini ◽

Masoumeh Askari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Estimating Equation ◽

Male Rats ◽

Average Weight ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Chi Square ◽

Significance Level ◽

Sedation Level ◽

Male Wistar Rats ◽

Level 3 ◽

Level 2

Abstract Background Tramadol is a widely used synthetic opioid. Substantial research has previously focused on the neurological effects of this drug, while the efficacy of various treatments to reduce the associated side effects has not been well studied. This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of naloxone, diazepam, and quercetin on tramadol overdose-induced seizure and sedation level in male rats. Methods The project was performed with 72 male Wistar rats with an average weight of 200–250 g. The rats were randomly assigned to eight groups. Tramadol was administered intraperitoneally at an initial dose of 25 mg/kg/day. On the 14th day, tramadol was injected at 75 mg/kg, either alone or together with naloxone, diazepam, and quercetin (acute and chronic) individually or in combination. The rats were monitored for 6 h on the last day, and the number, the duration, and the severity of seizures (using the criteria of Racine) were measured over a 6-h observation period. The sedation level was also assessed based on a 4-point criterion, ranging from 0 to 3. Data were analyzed in SPSS software using Kruskal–Wallis, Chi-square, regression analysis, and generalized estimating equation (GEE) tests. The significance level was set at P < 0.05. Results The naloxone-diazepam combination reduced the number, severity, and cumulative duration of seizures compared to tramadol use alone and reduced the number of higher-intensity seizures (level 3, 4) to a greater extent than other treatments. Naloxone alone reduced the number and duration of seizures but increased the number of mild seizures (level 2). Diazepam decreased the severity and duration of seizures. However, it increased the number of mild seizures (level 2). In comparison with the tramadol alone group, the acute quercetin group exhibited higher numbers of mild (level 2) and moderate (level 3) seizures. Chronic quercetin administration significantly increased the number of mild seizures. In the GEE model, all groups had higher sedation levels than the saline only group (P < 0.001). None of the protocols had a significant effect on sedation levels compared to the tramadol group. Conclusion The combined administration of naloxone and diazepam in acute-on-chronic tramadol poisoning can effectively reduce most seizure variables compared to tramadol use alone. However, none of the treatments improved sedation levels.

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Reno-protective mechanisms of epoxyeicosatrienoic acids in cardiovascular disease

AJP Regulatory Integrative and Comparative Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpregu.00606.2011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 302 (3) ◽

pp. R321-R330 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Ahmed A. Elmarakby

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Animal Models ◽

Vascular Function ◽

Organ Damage ◽

Reduce Blood Pressure ◽

Experimental Models ◽

Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acids ◽

Protective Effects ◽

Protective Mechanisms

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide, and it is well known that end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is a profound consequence of the progression of CVD. Present treatments only slow CVD progression to ESRD, and it is imperative that new therapeutic strategies are developed to prevent the incidence of ESRD. Because epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) have been shown to elicit reno-protective effects in hypertensive animal models, the current review will focus on addressing the reno-protective mechanisms of EETs in CVD. The cytochrome P-450 epoxygenase catalyzes the oxidation of arachidonic acid to EETs. EETs have been identified as endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factors (EDHFs) with vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, antihypertensive, and antiplatelet aggregation properties. EETs also have profound effects on vascular migration and proliferation and promote angiogenesis. The progression of CVD has been linked to decreased EETs levels, leading to the concept that EETs should be therapeutically targeted to prevent end-organ damage associated with CVD. However, EETs are quickly degraded by the enzyme soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) to their less active diols, dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids (DHETs). As such, one way to increase EETs level is to inhibit their degradation to DHETs by using sEH inhibitors. Inhibition of sEH has been shown to effectively reduce blood pressure and organ damage in experimental models of CVD. Another approach to target EETs is to develop EET analogs with improved solubility and resistance to auto-oxidation and metabolism by sEH. For example, stable ether EET analogs dilate afferent arterioles and lower blood pressure in hypertensive rodent animal models. EET agonists also improve insulin signaling and vascular function in animal models of metabolic syndrome.

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