scholarly journals TiO2 Microwave Synthesis, Electrophoretic Deposition of Thin Film, and Photocatalytic Properties for Methylene Blue and Methyl Red Dyes

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. K. Singh ◽  
Umesh T. Nakate
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Electrophoretic Deposition ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Methyl Red

Electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of TiO2 thin film was carried out at room temperature on low cost steel substrate using microwave synthesized nanoparticles (NPs) of TiO2. Synthesized NPs and EPD thin film were characterized at different stages of synthesis for its crystal structure, morphology, elemental analysis, and surface area. Spherical particle morphology and formation of TiO2 were confirmed by scanning electron micrograph (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Synthesized NPs were formed in anatase phase having crystallite size of about 12.3 nm from Scherrer's formula using full width half maxima (FWHM). Surface area was found to be 43.52 m2/g by BET giving particle size of 33 nm. Photocatalytic (PC) behavior of TiO2 NPs and EPD TiO2 film on steel substrate was investigated under UV light for two commercial dyes and their photocatalysis efficiency was analyzed. NPs have shown better efficiency for methylene blue (MB) dye than EPD film whereas EPD film have shown higher PC activity for methyl red (MR) dye.

Enhancement of Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2 Thin Film Using Diethanolamine and MCM-41

2012 ◽  
Vol 712 ◽  
pp. 117-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ananta Kumar Karki ◽  
Nurak Grisdanurak ◽  
Siriluk Chiarakorn
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Mcm 41

TiO2thin film enhanced by diethanolamine (DEA) and MCM-41 (D-TiO2/MCM-41) was successfully synthesized by sol-gel dip coating technique on glass slides. The roles of DEA and MCM-41 on physical and photocatalytic characteristics of the films were studied using various techniques such as x-ray defraction (XRD), fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), ultra violet-visible (UV-Vis) spectrometry, Brunauer, Emmett and Teller (BET) surface area analysis and field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM). The XRD results showed that the thin film contained almost 100% anatase phase and the crystal size of TiO2was in the range of 4-8 nm. The FTIR spectra indicated the formation of Ti-O-Si and Si-O-Si linkages due to interaction of TiO2and MCM-41. The surface area of TiO2was increased significantly when MCM-41 was added. The use DEA and MCM-41 caused slight increase in visible light absorption but UV absorption was decreased. The photocatalytic reactivity of the thin film was tested by photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light. The addition of DEA as a nitrogen source was beneficial not only for obtaining stable/smooth surface of the thin film but also for enhancing photocatalysis of methylene blue by preventing charge carrier recombination. While MCM-41 played important functions in improving porosity and hydrophilicity of the film. The photodegradation of methylene blue was obtained up to 35% of its original concentration when 1M DEA and 0.3M MCM-41 were incorporated in TiO2thin film. The overall enhancement of photocatalytic activity of the film was a result of nitrogen doping, increased surface area as well as increased hydrophilicity provided by MCM-41.

Facile synthesis of TiO2-RGO composite with enhanced performance for the photocatalytic mineralization of organic pollutants

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (8) ◽  
pp. 1927-1936 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roshan K. Nainani ◽  
Pragati Thakur
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Methylene Blue Dye ◽  
Uniform Dispersion ◽  
Redox Method

Current research reports the synthesis of reduced graphene oxide (RGO)-TiO2 nanocomposite by in-situ redox method and graphene oxide by modified hummers method. The ratio of RGO and TiO2 in the composite was optimized to show best photocatalytic activity for the degradation of targeted pollutants. Optimized (1:10) RGO-TiO2 nanocomposite was characterized by various techniques viz. X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area (BET), Raman and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) technique confirming successful formation of nanocomposite. XRD results confirm the presence of anatase phase in RGO-TiO2. Uniform dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles on RGO could be seen from TEM images. The obtained results of (1:10) RGO-TiO2 showed five-fold and two-fold enhancement for the visible light and UV light, respectively, for the photocatalytic mineralization of methylene blue dye as compared to commercial Aeroxide P25 TiO2. The excellent photocatalytic mineralization activity of (1:10) RGO-TiO2 could be attributed to the enhanced surface area of composite as well as to its good electron sink capability. (1:10) RGO-TiO2 could be recycled easily and was found to be equally efficient even after the fourth cycle for the photocatalytic mineralization of methylene blue dye. The non-selectivity of synthesized composite was checked by the mineralization studies of oxalic acid.

Morphology dependent adsorption of methylene blue on trititanate nanoplates and nanotubes prepared by the hydrothermal treatment of TiO2

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-357
Author(s):  
Graham Dawson ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Luhua Lu ◽  
Kai Dai
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Pore Volume ◽  
Hydrothermal Reaction ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Surface ◽  
High Surface Area ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Properties

The adsorption properties of two nanomorphologies of trititanate, nanotubes (TiNT) and plates (TiNP), prepared by the hydrothermal reaction of concentrated NaOH with different phases of TiO2, were examined. It was found that the capacity for both morphologies towards methylene blue (MB), an ideal pollutant, was extremely high, with the TiNP having a capacity of 130 mg/g, higher than the TiNT, whose capacity was 120 mg/g at 10 mg/L MB concentration. At capacity, the well-dispersed powders deposit on the floor of the reaction vessel. The two morphologies had very different structural and adsorption properties. TiNT with high surface area and pore volume exhibited exothermic monolayer adsorption of MB. TiNP with low surface area and pore volume yielded a higher adsorption capacity through endothermic multilayer adsorption governed by pore diffusion. TiNP exhibited a higher negative surface charge of −23 mV, compared to −12 mV for TiNT. The adsorption process appears to be an electrostatic interaction, with the cationic dye attracted more strongly to the nanoplates, resulting in a higher adsorption capacity and different adsorption modes. We believe this simple, low cost production of high capacity nanostructured adsorbent material has potential uses in wastewater treatment.

Synthesis of Novel Core-Shell Structured Hydroxyapatite/Meso-Silica for Removal of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solutions

2012 ◽  
Vol 463-464 ◽  
pp. 543-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng Feng Li ◽  
Xiao Lu Ge ◽  
Shu Guang Liu ◽  
Fei Yu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Adsorption Desorption

Core-shell structured hydroxyapatite (HA)/meso-silica was prepared and used as absorbance of methylene blue (MB). HA/meso-silica was synthesized in three steps: preparation of nano-sized HA by wet precipitation method, coating of dense silica and deposition of meso-silica shell on HA. As-received samples were characterized by Fourier transformed infare spectra, small angle X-ray diffraction, nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm and transmission electron microscopy. A wormhole framework mesostructure was found for HA/meso-silica. The specific surface area and pore volume were 128 m2•g-1 and 0.36 cm3•g-1, respectively. From the adsorption isotherm, HA/meso-silica with the great specific surface area exhibited a prominent adsorption capacity of MB (134.0 mg/g) in comparison with bare HA (0 mg/g). This study might shed light on surface modification of conventional low-cost adsorbents for removal of organic pollutants from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Optimisation of durian peel based activated carbon preparation conditions for dye removal

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-31
Author(s):  
Phung Thi Kim Le ◽  
Kien Anh Le
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Dye Removal ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Impregnation Ratio ◽  
Carbon Production ◽  
Removal Capacity

Agricultural wastes are considered to be a very important feedstock for activated carbon production as they are renewable sources and low cost materials. This study present the optimize conditions for preparation of durian peel activated carbon (DPAC) for removal of methylene blue (MB) from synthetic effluents. The effects of carbonization temperature (from 673K to 923K) and impregnation ratio (from 0.2 to 1.0) with potassium hydroxide KOH on the yield, surface area and the dye adsorbed capacity of the activated carbons were investigated. The dye removal capacity was evaluated with methylene blue. In comparison with the commercial grade carbons, the activated carbons from durian peel showed considerably higher surface area especially in the suitable temperate and impregnation ratio of activated carbon production. Methylene blue removal capacity appeared to be comparable to commercial products; it shows the potential of durian peel as a biomass source to produce adsorbents for waste water treatment and other application. Optimize condition for preparation of DPAC determined by using response surface methodology was at temperature 760 K and IR 1.0 which resulted the yield (51%), surface area (786 m2/g), and MB removal (172 mg/g).

scholarly journals The Equilibrium, Kinetics, and Thermodynamics Studies of the Sorption of Methylene Blue from Aqueous Solution Using Pulverized Raw Macadamia Nut Shells

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Joshua N. Edokpayi ◽  
Samson O. Alayande ◽  
Ahmed Adetoro ◽  
John O. Odiyo
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Group Analysis ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Macadamia Nut ◽  
Pseudo Second Order

In this study, the potential for pulverized raw macadamia nut shell (MNS) for the sequestration of methylene blue from aqueous media was assessed. The sorbent was characterized using scanning electron microscopy for surface morphology, functional group analysis was performed with a Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) isotherm was used for surface area elucidation. The effects of contact time, sorbent dosage, particle size, pH, and change in a solution matrix were studied. Equilibrium data were fitted using Temkin, Langmuir, and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models. The sorption kinetics was studied using the Lagergren pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Elovich, and intraparticle diffusion models. The feasibility of the study was established from the thermodynamic studies. A surface area of 2.763 m2/g was obtained. The equilibrium and kinetics of sorption was best described by the Langmuir and the pseudo-second-order models, respectively. The sorption process was spontaneous (−ΔG0=28.72−31.77 kJ/mol) and endothermic in nature (ΔH0=17.45 kJ/mol). The positive value of ΔS0 (0.15 kJ/molK) implies increased randomness of the sorbate molecules at the surface of the sorbent. This study presents sustainable management of wastewater using MNS as a potential low-cost sorbent for dye decontamination from aqueous solution.

PHOTOCATALYTIC ACTIVITY OF NITROGEN AND FLUORINE CO-DOPED TITANIUM DIOXIDE PREPARED USING OF VARIOUS PH SOLUTIONS

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (15n16) ◽  
pp. 3242-3247 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASAHIRO KATOH ◽  
AKIHIRO IMAYAMA ◽  
NARISUKE MORI ◽  
TOSHIHIDE HORIKAWA ◽  
TAHEI TOMIDA
Keyword(s):  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Photocatalytic Activity ◽  
Visible Light ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Anatase Phase ◽  
Wave Length ◽  
Green Light ◽  
Light Irradiation ◽  
Mixed Solution ◽  
Co Doped

Introducing different atoms into TiO 2 crystal lattice is a famous method to improve photocatalytic activity of TiO 2 under visible-light irradiation. In this paper, Nitrogen ( N ) and fluorine ( F ) co -doped TiO 2 powders were prepared by mixing TiCl 3 solutions with ammonium fluoride ( NH 4 F ). In preparation, we used NH 3- H 2 O solution for adjustment of pH values (pH 2, 7, and 9) of mixed solution. X-ray diffraction (XRD) indicated N , F - TiO 2 powders prepared at pH7 and pH9 contained only anatase phase, but the powders prepared at pH2 contained both anatase and rutile phase. The result of XRD also indicated N , F - TiO 2 powders prepared at pH7 had the smallest crystallite size. We measured photocatalytic activity of prepared N , F - TiO 2 powders by the decomposition of methylene blue. N , F - TiO 2 powder prepared at pH7 and pH9 showed same high photocatalytic activity under ultraviolet light irradiation (peak wave length = 352 nm). Furthermore, under green light LED irradiation (wave length = 525 nm), a sample prepared at pH7 decomposed methylene blue more quickly than any other samples. As the result, N , F - TiO 2 prepared at pH7 had the best catalytic activity under both UV-light and visible light in the all of N , F - TiO 2 prepared and reference TiO 2 photocatalyst (ST-01 produced by Ishihara Co. Ltd).

Large Surface Area of HMDS Plasma Polymerized Thin Film Used for Production of Miniaturized Structures

2010 ◽  
Vol 636-637 ◽  
pp. 1065-1072 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lilian Marques Silva ◽  
Roberto R. Lima ◽  
E.R. Fachini ◽  
E.W. Simões ◽  
E. Pecoraro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Films ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Preliminary Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Large Surface Area ◽  
Polar Organic Compounds ◽  
Organic Mixtures ◽  
Surface Areas ◽  
Good Agreement

The aim of this work was the production of a large surface area of hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) plasma-deposited thin films and their applicability in a miniaturized structure useful for preliminary analysis of organic mixtures. The HMDS plasma films were produced with different surface areas and morphologies, and all films adsorbed polar and non-polar organic compounds. A low cost miniaturized structure was manufactured in glass using a Milling cutter and covered with HMDS plasma films. Good agreement was observed between simulation and experimental results on those microstructures. The observed different performance between pure and mixtures of organic compound samples suggests that the proposed system is a simple setup that could be useful for rough analysis of a fuel.

a-Si:H Thin Film Transistors on Rollable 25-μM Thick Steel Foil

1998 ◽  
Vol 507 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.Y. Ma ◽  
S. Wagner
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Thin Film Transistors ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Laser Printer ◽  
Radius Of Curvature ◽  
Mechanical Alignment ◽  
Silicon Thin Film ◽  
Active Matrix ◽  
Thick Steel

ABSTRACTWe report the first amorphous silicon thin film transistors (TFTs) on flexible, ultra-thin substrates of 25 μm thick stainless steel foil. The transistors remain operational under convex or concave bending down to 2.5 mm radius of curvature. Taking advantage of the flexibility and resiliency of these devices, we have successfully fabricated TFTs using only xerographic toner masks printed directly on to the steel substrate and using mechanical alignment in the laser printer to obtain the necessary overlay accuracy. The goal of our work is to develop a foldable active-matrix transistor backplane, at low cost and high throughput, for use in highly rugged and portable applications such as foldable intelligent maps. Our results suggest that such foldable backplane circuits are feasible.

scholarly journals TiO2 Transparent Thin Film for Eliminating Toluene

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suhaina M. Ibrahim ◽  
Nobuaki Negishi ◽  
Abdul Kadir Masrom ◽  
Babak Mazinani ◽  
Anita Ramli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Film ◽  
Phase Transition ◽  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Contact Angle ◽  
Photocatalytic Oxidation ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Uv Light ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
Volatile Organic

TiO2 nanoparticles undergo a single-phase transition: from amorphous to anatase when calcined at 450°C. It can be noticed from the XRD and AFM results that the particle size of TiO2 is below 30 nm. Results from viscometer and UV-Vis analysis showed that the film thickness is closely related to the viscosity of dip-coating solutions. It was found that the contact angle for water decreased after being illuminated with UV light at certain periods of time. This indicates that these films exhibit hydrophilic properties that can be used on self-cleaning surfaces and antifogging mirrors. Heterogeneous photocatalytic oxidation allows the oxidation of airborne volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into carbon dioxide and water in the presence of a semiconductor catalyst and UV light source. Titanium dioxide, due to its chemical stability, nontoxicity, and low cost, represents one of the most efficient photocatalysts. Photocatalytic activity of the TiO2 thin films was evaluated by using toluene and results showed that this film is successful in decomposing toluene.

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