scholarly journals Investigation of the Protective Effects of Taurine against Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Retinal Changes via Electroretinogram and Retinal Histology with New Zealand White Rabbits

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Tung-Hsing Chiang ◽  
Shang-Min Yeh ◽  
Yi-Chen Chen ◽  
Shiun-Long Lin ◽  
Jung-Kai Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Diabetic Retina ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective role of orally administered taurine against diabetic retinal changes via electroretinogram (ERG) and retinal histology on rabbits. Rabbits were randomly assigned into groups: Group I (vehicle administration only); Group II (diabetes: induced by 100 mg/kg alloxan injection); Group III (diabetes and fed with 200 mg/kg taurine); and Group IV (diabetes and fed with 400 mg/kg taurine). The body weight and blood glucose levels of the rabbits were monitored weekly. The ERG was measured on weeks 5 and 15. Retinal histology was analyzed in the end of the experiment. Results revealed that a taurine supplement significantly ameliorates the alloxan-induced hyperglycemia and protects the retina from electrophysiological changes. Group II showed a significant(P<0.05)change in the mean scotopic b-wave amplitude when compared to that of Group I, whereas the diabetic rabbits treated with taurine (Group III and IV) were analogous to Group I. Histologically, the amount of Bipolar and Müller cells showed no difference(P>0.05)between all groups and when compared with those of Group I. Our study provides solid evidences that taurine possesses an antidiabetic activity, reduced loss of body weight, and less electrophysiological changes of the diabetic retina.

scholarly journals PROTECTIVE ACTIVITY OF ASPARAGUS RACEMOSUS IN METHOTREXATE-INDUCED LIVER TOXICITY IN WISTAR RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 253
Author(s):  
Arul Daniel J ◽  
Susmita Das ◽  
Neethu Jayan ◽  
Asha Devi S
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Liver Toxicity ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Hepatic Damage ◽  
Asparagus Racemosus ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Objectives: Various clinically available drugs along with the beneficial action also have drastic side effects due to chronic exposure. In liver, these resulting side effects can be over production of reactive oxygen species, which will further lead to oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity. Therefore, as a preventive measure, the protective role of herbal extracts is being evaluated because of its high success rate and low toxic effects. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the protective role of Asparagus racemosus is evaluated and studied against methotrexate (MTX)-induced hepatic damage in male Wistar albino rats.Methods: The course of the study was for 14 days. During this experimental study, the animals were categorized into four groups with six rats per group. Group I (positive control) which was treated with normal saline, Group II (negative control) with MTX 20 mg/kg of body weight on 12th day, Group III with A. racemosus 300 mg/kg of body weight + MTX 20 mg/kg on 12th day, and Group IV with A. racemosus 100 mg/kg of body weight + MTX 20 mg/kg on 12th day. On 14th day, the animals were sacrificed, and histopathological as well as antioxidant assays were performed.Results and Conclusion: Assays revealed high lipid peroxidation level and low antioxidant levels in Group II. Meanwhile, in Group III and IV, the levels were restored near to control, which supported the protective role of A. racemosus against MTX-induced hepatic damage. Histopathology evaluation also supported the above-mentioned findings.

The occurrence of abnormal body weight values and selected eating habits and physical activity of nurses

2019 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 179-187
Author(s):  
Wioletta Waksmańska ◽  
Halina Woś ◽  
Rafał Bobiński
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
The Body ◽  
Daily Consumption ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Excessive Body Weight ◽  
Group Ii

Aim. The aim of the research was to analyze the incidence of abnormal body weight values and to assess eating habits and physical activity of nurses.Material and Methods. The studies involved all first‑year nursing students of the second degree daily studies, working as a nurse. The women’s eating habits were analyzed based the diet. The questionnaire allowed the researchers to determine daily consumption of each particular dietary component (proteins, carbohydrates, fats, fatty acids, vitamins) as well as the women’s calorie consumption.Results. The analysis showed that the group of underweight participants was comprised of 5 students (group I), the group of participants with normal body weight — of 43 students (group II), and the group of participants with excessive body weight — of 10 students (group III). Group II students spent the longest time on (moderate and intense) physical activity (on average 378 minutes/week), whereas group III students — the shortest (on average 203 minutes/week). While analyzing the average protein intake, it was found that all groups exceeded its daily requirement. The intake of sodium and cholesterol was exceeded more than twice of the recommended amount. A very low intake of vitamin D — covering from 40 to 48% of the daily requirement — was observed in all groups.Conclusions. Despite the fact that the nurses’ diet includes all nutrients necessary for the body, it is not properly balanced which obliges to raising awareness of types of consumed food.

scholarly journals The Influence On Bodyweight In Male Mice (Mus Musculus) Induced By Monosodium Glutamate (Msg)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 01-03
Author(s):  
Yunita Sari Pane
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Post Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Male Mice ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

The used of monosodium glutamate (MSG) oftenly found in almost every food that we consumed everyday. It suggested that MSG can increase appetite, can caused intake much foods, and increased the bodyweight. The aim of study is to prove the changes that occur in male mice by induce of MSG. The experimental study used 24 male mice, 30-45 gram, 12-14 weeks divided into 4 groups, ie group-I (negative control/placebo given aquadest 0.2 cc/20gBW mice); group-II, MSG with the dose of 5 mg/gBW mice); group-III, MSG with the dose of 10 mg/gBW mice and group-IV, MSG with the dose of 20 mg/gBW mice. All of these treatments were administered orally for 14 days. Permanent cervical fracture execution was performed at the end of the study. The body weight measured in pre and post treatment. The significant difference of data between different groups was compared by ANOVA followed by Tukey test. The compared of between pre –post treatment used paired test to analyze the changes of bodyweight This study proved that the comparison of mean values ± SEM of body weight between groups were not significantly different; group I (39,83±3,26), group II (39,33±2,04), group III (38,00±1,39) and group IV (38,33±1,76) (p = 0.930) and the changes of bodyweight pre and post treatmen also not significantly different, whereas p > 0.05. The study concluded that no changes in the body weight between groups and pasca induced by MSG. In the future studies, we consider to examining the effects MSG with longer of duration and more variations doses in MSG.

scholarly journals Sargassum crasifolium Extract Could Prevent the Decrese in the Thyroxine Hormone and the Body Weight Loss of Javanese Randu Goats during Transportation

2020 ◽  
pp. 335-343
Author(s):  
Claude Mona Airin ◽  
Amelia Hana ◽  
Sarmin ◽  
Pudji Astuti ◽  
Amir Husni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group Ii

Thyroxine hormone (T4) was one of the hormones related to metabolism rate. Animal transportation could be stressor interfering metabolism. Sargassum crasifoium was one of brown algae species that contained some important nutrients and also flavonoids. The study aimed at finding out the effect of the Sargassum on the decrase in thyroxine hormone and body weight loss. It used 9 Javanese Randu goats that were classified into 3 treatment groups. Group I served as control, Group II was treated with 450 mg/kg BW of Sargassum estract and Group III was treated with vitamin B1. All of the goats were transported for 12 hours using pickup truck at the speed of 60 km/hour. Blood samples were drawn before the transportation, during loading, 6 hours after the transportation and at the end of the transportation, while the body weight of the goats was weighed before and after the transportation. The results of the study showed that the T4 hormone decreased in the Group I and increased in the Group III during the transportation, while it was stable in the Group II. The biggest percentage of the body weight loss took place to the Group III (0.13%), while the smallest percentage took place to the Group II (0.063%). Statistical analysis showed that the Sargassum extract did not have any significant effect (p>0.05) on both the thyroxine hormone and the body weight loss during the transportation. Based on the results of the study it could be concluded that the Sargassum extract could stabilize the thyroxine hormone during the transportation so that it could prevent the body weight loss

scholarly journals Studies on Hypocholesterolemic and Antidiabetic Activity of Capsicum annuum Linn on Diet Induced Obese Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandhya P. ◽  
Trupti N.
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Vldl Cholesterol ◽  
Group I

Introduction: Herbal drugs constitute a major part in all traditional system of medicine. Researchers have no doubt that nature is still the preeminent synthetic chemist and that in plants, particularly; there are almost infinite reserves of chemical constituents with actual and potential effects on human body. The herb Capsicum annuum is a culinary herb and its two pharmacological properties i.e. lipid lowering and antidiabetic activity are unexplored. This research paper focuses on hypocholesterolemic and antidiabetic property of capsaicinoids and its further use as an antiobese drug. Experimental Work: Wister strain of albino rats were divided into four groups comprising of six rats each. Group I served as normal control fed with normal pellet chow, group II served as disease control fed with high fat diet /diabetogenic diet, group III and IV animals, received capsaicinoids and standard drug (Atorvastatin / metformin) respectively. The study was carried out for a period of 9 weeks for hypocholesterolemic and 11weeks for antidiabetic activity. Results: Administration of HFD or diabetogenic diet for stipulated days to rats significantly increased the body weight, serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose levels; and decreased HDL cholesterol as compared to normal control. Treatment with capsaicinoids/ atorvastatin showed a significant reduction in the body weight gain, and the levels of serum triglycerides, total, LDL, VLDL cholesterol and increase in HDL cholesterol . However capsaicinoids not only significantly reduced the cholesterol levels but also reduced the glucose levels which were due to dyslipidemia when compared with the standard. This was true with antidiabetic activity where the blood serum profiles reduced along with glucose levels

Seasonal variations in wool growth and heat tolerance of sheep. I. Wool growth

1960 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 75 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Wodzicka
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
The Other ◽  
Seasonal Rhythm ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Wool Growth ◽  
Group I ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
The Difference

The monthly wool growth of three groups of rams was studied at Beltsville, Maryland. Group I received natural daylight (at 38° 53' N.) and was shorn monthly. Group II had a 7:17 hours of daylight to hours of darkness rhythm and was shorn every 6 months, once in winter and once in summer. Group III received natural daylight and was likewise shorn every 6 months. The rams of all groups produced more wool in summer than in winter. This difference was significant (P<0.001). The mean body weight and food intake were both greater in the winter months, which indicated that the seasonal rhythm of wool growth was not a consequence of poorer feeding in winter. The rams which were shorn monthly (group I) grew considerably more wool than the other two groups, but the difference was not statistically significant. The short-day treatment of group II did not increase the annual wool production nor decrease the seasonal rhythm of wool growth. The balance of evidence from this and other experiments indicates that temperature rather than light controls the seasonal rhythm of wool growth.

Suppression of Mesangial-Cell Proliferation by Trapidil in Glomerulonephritis Induced by Anti-Thymocyte Serum in Rats

1995 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 458-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
M S Razzaque ◽  
M Cheng ◽  
T Taguchi
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Mesangial Cell ◽  
Platelet Derived Growth Factor ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Mesangial Cell Proliferation ◽  
Group Ii

Trapadil (Mochida Pharmaceuticals, Japan), an antiplatelet drug, suppresses the growth of several cell types and is thought to antagonize platelet-derived growth factor. The effects of trapidil on mesangial-cell proliferation in glomerulonephritis induced by anti-thymocyte serum in Wistar rats were investigated. Control rats were treated with phosphate-buffered saline (group I); group II rats were injected with a single dose of anti-thymocyte serum (8 ml/kg body weight), and group III rats were treated with both a single dose of anti-thymocyte serum (8 ml/kg body weight) and with trapidil (5 mg/kg body weight/day). Three rats in each group were killed on day 3, and the other three on day 10. Control rats showed no significant histological changes on day 3 or day 10. In group II, on day 3, there was a marked decrease in glomerular cell numbers, with mesangiolysis. Histologically severe mesangial-cell proliferation with expansion of mesangial areas was noted on day 10. None of the rats in group III showed mesangial alterations, histologically, indicating that mesangial-cell proliferation was suppressed by trapidil. This suppression may result from antagonism of the binding of platelet derived growth factor to the specific surface receptors in the mesangial cells. Trapidil may have clinical value in the treatment of mesangial-cell proliferative glomerular diseases.

scholarly journals Comparison between Vinorelbine–Carboplatin and Vinorelbine–Cisplatin in Stage III–IV EGFR Mutations-Negative NSCLC

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laksmi Wulandari ◽  
Gatot Soegiarto ◽  
Anna Febriani ◽  
Farah Fatmawati ◽  
Wirya Sastra Amran
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Egfr Mutations ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Introduction There are a substantial number of lung cancer patients with negative mutations in Indonesia. This type of cancer is deemed to be the major contributor of lung cancer patient’s death. However, reseaerch related to therapy using vinorelbine combined with platinum-based compounds is still scarce in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability between vinorelbine and carboplatin with vinorelbin and cisplatin in stage III-IV epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations-negative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods The participants were divided into two groups—group I(vinorelbine–carboplatin) and group II (vinorelbine–cisplatin). The participants were assessed based on several measurement criteria. Not only Eq-5D was performed, but the body weight and response evaluation criteria for solid tumors (RECIST) were also examined. The participants received chemotherapy for four cycles (1 cycle = 21 days). Results The quality of life was considered stable in 60% of group I and 60% of group II (p=0.255). In both groups, 46.67% of participants had an increased body weight, while the other 20.00% was stable (p = 1.000). In terms of RECIST evaluation after the second cycle, 80.00% of group I and 86.67% of group II were considered to have a stable disease, with 20% of group I and none of group II had partial response (p = 0.027). However, after the fourth cycle, there were no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.734). Conclusion In EGFR mutation-negative NSCLC patients, the combination of vinorelbine and carboplatin showed comparable outcomes to vinorelbine and cisplatin chemotherapy with no significant differences.

scholarly journals GAMBARAN MIKROSKOPIK GINJAL TIKUS WISTAR (RATTUS NORVEGICUS) SETELAH DIINDUKSI DENGAN GENTAMISIN

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Poppy M Lintong ◽  
Carla F Kairupan ◽  
Priska L N Sondakh
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Tubular Epithelial Cells ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract: Gentamycin, a frequently used aminoglycoside antibiotics, has a nephrotoxic effect to human beings and animals. The purpose of this research was to find out the microscopic changes of wistar rat kidneys after gentamycin induction. This was an experimental study, using five adult wistar rats, divided into three groups. Group I was the control group; group II consisted of two rats, injected with gentamycin 0,3 ml/day (dose of 60 mg/kg body weight/day) intraperitoneally for seven days; and group III consisted of two rats, injected with gentamycin 0,3 ml/day intraperitoneally for 10 days. Group I and II were terminated at day-8, and group III at day-11. Their kidneys were processed for microscopic slides, stained with hematoxylin eosin and Periodic Acid Schiff. In microscopic evaluation, group II and III showed oedema, necrosis, apoptosis, and basal membrane destruction of tubular epithelial cells. Group III also showed fat vacuoles in these epithelial cells (macrovesicular fatty changes). Conclusion: wistar rats injected with gentamycin 60 mg/kg body weight/day for 7 and 10 days showed oedema, necrosis, apoptosis, and basal membrane destruction of tubular epithelial cells; and macrovesicular fatty changes after 10 days of gentamycin.Key words: gentamycin, necrosis tubular epithelial cells, fatty changesAbstrak: Gentamisin termasuk antibiotik golongan aminoglikosida berspektrum luas yang bersifat nefrotoksik terhadap manusia dan hewan. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk melihat perubahan mikroskopik struktur ginjal tikus Wistar setelah diberikan gentamisin. Metode penelitian eksperimental dengan menggunakan lima ekor tikus Wistar dewasa yang dibagi atas tiga kelompok. Kelompok I tanpa perlakuan; kelompok II terdiri dari dua ekor tikus perlakuan yang diinjeksi dengan gentamisin 0,3 ml/hari (dosis 60 mg/kgBB/hari) secara intraperitonial selama tujuh hari; dan kelompok III terdiri dari dua ekor tikus perlakuan yang diinjeksi dengan gentamisin 0,3 ml/hari secara intraperitonial selama 10 hari. Tikus Wistar kelompok I dan II diteminasi hari ke-8, sedangkan kelompok III diterminasi hari ke-11. Ginjal tikus kelompok I -III kemudian dibuat preparat histopatologik dengan pengecatan rutin hematoksilin eosin dan Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tikus Wistar perlakuan yang diberikan gentamisin 0,3 ml/hari selama 7 sampai 10 hari secara mikroskopik memperlihatkan pembengkakan, nekrosis, apoptosis, dan destruksi membrana basalis sel epitel tubulus; dan pada hari ke-10 terlihat vakuol-vakuol lemak pada sel epitel sehingga inti terdesak ke tepi (perlemakan makrovesikuler). Simpulan: pemberian gentamisin pada tikus Wistar dengan dosis 60 mg/kg BB/hari selama 7-10 hari menunjukkan pembengkakan, nekrosis, apoptosis sel epitel tubulus, dan membrana basalis tubulus rusak; dan setelah hari ke-10 juga terlihat perlemakan makrovesikuler.Kata kunci: gentamisin, nekrosis sel epitel tubulus, perlemakan makrovesikuler

Effects of Propofol, Ketamine and their Combination (ketofol) as Total Intravenous Anesthesia (TIVA) on Haematological, Serum Biochemical and Hormonal Profile in the Surgical Management of Canine Patients

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basanta Saikia ◽  
Kushal Konwar Sarma ◽  
Kalyan Sarma
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Anaesthetic Agent ◽  
Anaesthetic Machine ◽  
Hormonal Profile ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Anaesthetic Agents ◽  
Group I ◽  
Biochemical Evaluation ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Group Ii

Background: The non-availability of the sophisticated anaesthetic machine and the necessary equipment to administer inhalant anaesthetic in the field hospitals make their use practically unfeasible for the field veterinarians. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of propofol, ketamine and their combination ‘Ketofol’ as a TIVA on certain haematological, serum biochemical and hormonal profiles in atropine and xylazine premedicated dogs. Methods: The study was conducted in eighteen clinical cases of dogs of either sex. The animals were randomly divided into three groups with six animals in each group. All the three groups were premedicated with Atropine sulphate @ 0.04mg/kg body weight and xylazine HCl @ 0.5mg/kg body weight intramuscularly. In group-I, propofol @ 5mg/kg body weight, in group-II, ketamine @ 5mg/kg body weight and in group-III, ketofol @ 4mg/kg body weight was administered intravenously for induction after 15 minutes of pre-anesthetic administration. Surgical anaesthesia was maintained for 90 minutes in all three groups viz. group-I, group-II and group-III with propofol @ 2.5mg/kg. b.w., ketamine @ 2.5mg/kg b.wt. and ketofol @ 2mg/kg b.wt. respectively by intermittent bolus injection (IBI) technique. Haematological, serum biochemical and hormonal profile were evaluated before administration of the anaesthetic agent (0 minutes) then at 15, 30, 60 and 90 minutes during and after administration of anaesthetic agents. Result: The study revealed that Hb, PCV and TEC were significantly decreased in all the groups at 60 mints and 30 mints respectively. The biochemical evaluation revealed that blood glucose level was significantly increased in all the groups until the end of the experiment. BUN and creatinine value was a significant increase in group-I and group-II than group-III at different time intervals up to the end of the experiment. In all the groups’ alanine aminotransferase (ALT) values significantly increased up to 60th minutes during TIVA whereas AST value was significantly increased in group-II at 30th and 60th minute of the experiment in compare to group-I and group-III. A higher level of cortisol values was recorded in group-I animals for the entire period of observation. There were no changes observed in the case of T3. Transient variables of haemato-biochemical have been reported following propofol, ketamine and their combination (ketofol) as total intravenous anaesthesia (TIVA). Thus, it has been concluded that diligent monitorization and electrolyte support are essential during the period of anaesthesia. 

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