scholarly journals Studies on Hypocholesterolemic and Antidiabetic Activity of Capsicum annuum Linn on Diet Induced Obese Rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (07) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandhya P. ◽  
Trupti N.
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Capsicum Annuum ◽  
Normal Control ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Vldl Cholesterol ◽  
Group I

Introduction: Herbal drugs constitute a major part in all traditional system of medicine. Researchers have no doubt that nature is still the preeminent synthetic chemist and that in plants, particularly; there are almost infinite reserves of chemical constituents with actual and potential effects on human body. The herb Capsicum annuum is a culinary herb and its two pharmacological properties i.e. lipid lowering and antidiabetic activity are unexplored. This research paper focuses on hypocholesterolemic and antidiabetic property of capsaicinoids and its further use as an antiobese drug. Experimental Work: Wister strain of albino rats were divided into four groups comprising of six rats each. Group I served as normal control fed with normal pellet chow, group II served as disease control fed with high fat diet /diabetogenic diet, group III and IV animals, received capsaicinoids and standard drug (Atorvastatin / metformin) respectively. The study was carried out for a period of 9 weeks for hypocholesterolemic and 11weeks for antidiabetic activity. Results: Administration of HFD or diabetogenic diet for stipulated days to rats significantly increased the body weight, serum total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, VLDL cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose levels; and decreased HDL cholesterol as compared to normal control. Treatment with capsaicinoids/ atorvastatin showed a significant reduction in the body weight gain, and the levels of serum triglycerides, total, LDL, VLDL cholesterol and increase in HDL cholesterol . However capsaicinoids not only significantly reduced the cholesterol levels but also reduced the glucose levels which were due to dyslipidemia when compared with the standard. This was true with antidiabetic activity where the blood serum profiles reduced along with glucose levels

scholarly journals Investigation of the Protective Effects of Taurine against Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Retinal Changes via Electroretinogram and Retinal Histology with New Zealand White Rabbits

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Tung-Hsing Chiang ◽  
Shang-Min Yeh ◽  
Yi-Chen Chen ◽  
Shiun-Long Lin ◽  
Jung-Kai Tseng
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Diabetic Retina ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective role of orally administered taurine against diabetic retinal changes via electroretinogram (ERG) and retinal histology on rabbits. Rabbits were randomly assigned into groups: Group I (vehicle administration only); Group II (diabetes: induced by 100 mg/kg alloxan injection); Group III (diabetes and fed with 200 mg/kg taurine); and Group IV (diabetes and fed with 400 mg/kg taurine). The body weight and blood glucose levels of the rabbits were monitored weekly. The ERG was measured on weeks 5 and 15. Retinal histology was analyzed in the end of the experiment. Results revealed that a taurine supplement significantly ameliorates the alloxan-induced hyperglycemia and protects the retina from electrophysiological changes. Group II showed a significant(P<0.05)change in the mean scotopic b-wave amplitude when compared to that of Group I, whereas the diabetic rabbits treated with taurine (Group III and IV) were analogous to Group I. Histologically, the amount of Bipolar and Müller cells showed no difference(P>0.05)between all groups and when compared with those of Group I. Our study provides solid evidences that taurine possesses an antidiabetic activity, reduced loss of body weight, and less electrophysiological changes of the diabetic retina.

scholarly journals ANTIDIABETIC ACTIVITY OF KALANCHOE PINNATA IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
LATHA OPHELIA GEORGE ◽  
RADHA HR ◽  
SOMASHEKARAIAH BV
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Uric Acid ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Group I ◽  
Kalanchoe Pinnata

Objective: The main purpose of the present study was to analyze the antidiabetic activity of methanolic extract of the leaf of Kalanchoe pinnata in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic and endocrine disease regarded as a serious global public health problem. Albino Wistar rats were divided into four groups. Group I (normal) received drinking water throughout the course till 20 days. Groups II-IV received alloxan (120 mg/kg b.w) i.p on the 1st day of the study period. Group III animals received glibenclamide (10 mg/kg p.o) and Group IV received K. pinnata (200 mg/kg b.w p.o) for 20 days. The body weight, blood glucose level, serum urea, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, cholesterol, total protein (TP), uric acid, and tissue (liver) antioxidant parameters: Malondialdehyde (MDA) and glutathione (GSH) were measured. Results: K. pinnata treated rats showed the percentage increase in the body weight, decrease in the blood sugar level, creatinine, TP level, urea, uric acid, and BUN, MDA, and GSH when compared to alloxan-induced diabetic mellitus control rats. Thus, K. pinnata could be possibly employed to treat DM. Conclusion: This preliminary analysis tested the most promising profile. It seems that methanolic extract of the leaf of K. pinnata improved general, blood serum, and liver antidiabetic agent. However, further studies confirming its potential is certainly warranted.

The Effect of Extract/Fractions of Caralluma tuberculata on Blood Glucose Levels and Body Weight in Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rabbits

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khushbakht Sultan ◽  
Muhammad Zakir ◽  
Haroon Khan ◽  
Ihsaan Ullah Khan ◽  
Ali Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽  
The Body ◽  
Antidiabetic Activity ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Cooked Food ◽  
Diabetic Rabbits ◽  
Positive Effect

Caralluma tuberculata is a cooked food item in Pakistan especially for diabetics. The current study was designed to explore the antidiabetic potential of extract/fractions of Caralluma tuberculata in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits and its effect on body weight. The crude extract of the plant provoked 24% and 44% antidiabetic action at 25 and 50 mg/kg OP, respectively, after the 24th day of treatment, which was strongly supported by a positive effect on the body weight of animals. On fractionation, pretreatment of the ethyl acetate fraction demonstrated most dominant (25.17% and 34.83%) antidiabetic activity followed by n-hexane (19.33% and 32.76%) and aqueous fractions (16.44% and 22.36%) at 25 and 50 mg/kg OP, respectively, after the 24th day of treatment. The corresponding effect on blood glucose was also observed on body weight of diabetic rabbits. In sum, extract/fractions of the plant showed marked antidiabetic action and thus a provided scientific foundation to the use of the plant as an antidiabetic.

scholarly journals Hiperglikemia Tidak Menyebabkan Perubahan Bobot Badan dan Jumlah Neuron Mienterik Nitrergik Usus Halus Tikus Wistar (Rattus norvegicus)

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 258
Author(s):  
Amelia Hana ◽  
Pudji Astuti ◽  
Yuda Heru Fibrianto ◽  
Sarmin Sarmin ◽  
Claude Mona Airin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Rattus Norvegicus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Enteric Neurons ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Group I ◽  
Wistar Strain ◽  
Small Intestines

Digestive dysfunction is a common symptom of diabetes. Diabetes can lead to the loss of enteric neurons as well as nerve dysfunction and gastrointestinal complications. There has been no complete report of mienteric nitrergic of small intestines on hyperglycaemia condition, so the purpose of this study was to assess changes of nitrergic neural profile of small intestines on hyperglycemic Wistar strain rats (Rattus norvegicus). Twelve rats were adapted for 3 days, then they were randomly divided into 3 groups namely group I (K-1, as control), group II (K-2), and group III (K-3). Before treatment all rats were fasted for 12 hours, rats K-1 were induced with 1.0 ml of buffer citrate single peritoneal dose; rats K-2 were induced with 40 mg streptozotocin (STZ)/ kg body weight of single peritoneal dose; and rats K-3 were induced with 45 mg STZ /kg body weight of single peritoneal dose. On the 1st and 5th days after STZ induction, blood was collected through the coccigea vein to measure blood glucose levels and weigh the weight. On the day 5th the rats were uthanated with a high dose of ketamine, dissected and taken small intestines (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum) for staining with Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Phosphate-diaphorase (NADPH-d). Morphometric changes of nitrergic neurons of the small intestine segments were observed. The results showed that on the 5th day increased blood glucose levels of the K-2 and K-3 groups were significantly higher than K-1 (P <0.01). The weight of three groups did not show any significant improvement difference (P> 0.05). The number of neurons in the duodenum, jejunum and ileum of K-2 group increased higher than that of K-1 and K-3 groups. These results indicate that in hyperglycaemic states, the number of nitrergic neurons increases (K-2 group), and there is a significant decrease in the number of neurons (group K-3) compared with K-1 and K-2 groups (P <0.01). The results of this study concluded, that the STZ induction treatment causes hyperglycemia. Hyperglycemia does not affect to the body weight and the number of  nitrergic neurons of small intestines in Wistar strain rats (Rattus norvegicus).

scholarly journals ANTI-HYPER LIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF SMILAX WIGHTII A.DC. IN STREPTOZOTOCIN INDUCED MALE WISTAR ALBINO RATS

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 126-130
Author(s):  
Uma Maheswari P ◽  
Arumugasamy K ◽  
Shalimol A ◽  
Asha devi V ◽  
Nantha kumar R
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Plant Extract ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Smilax wightii, an endemic medicinal plant is found in the shola forests at high altitudes in Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, the Western Ghats, Southern India . The present study, was undertaken to find out the effect of methanolic extract of this plant on the body weight, fasting blood glucose levels and lipid profiles inall the streptozotocin (STZ) induced rats. The extract exerted a significant (P<0.05) effect in the body weight of the experimental animals when compared to the control group. Treatment with the extract and glibenclamide resulted in a significant (P<0.01) reduction in the fasting blood glucose levels in diabetic ratswhen compared to the normal. The lipid profile such as TC, TG, LDL, and VLDL contents in the serum registered a significant (P<0.01) hike and a decline in the HDL contents in diabetic control group, which were retrieved to near normalcy in the plant extract treated groups. The effect produced by this plant extract wascomparable with that of glibenclamide. The decreased fasting blood glucose levels and lipid lowering properties clearly showed the anti-hyperlipidemic effect of S.wightii.

Evaluation of Glucose and Lipid Lowering Activity of Arganimide A in Normal and Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 503-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Eddouks ◽  
Farid Khallouki ◽  
Robert W. Owen ◽  
Morad Hebi ◽  
Remy Burcelin
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Blood Glucose ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels ◽  
Lowering Activity

Aims: Arganimide A (4,4-dihydroxy-3,3-imino-di-benzoic acid) is a compound belonging to a family of aminophenolics found in fruit of Argania spinosa. The purpose of this study was to investigate the glucose and lipid lowering activity of Arganimide A (ARG A). Methods: The effect of a single dose and daily oral administration of Arganimide A (ARG A) on blood glucose levels and plasma lipid profile was tested in normal and streptozotocin (STZ) diabetic rats at a dose of 2 mg/kg body weight. Results: Single oral administration of ARG A reduced blood glucose levels from 26.50±0.61 mmol/L to 14.27±0.73 mmol/L (p<0.0001) six hours after administration in STZ diabetic rats. Furthermore, blood glucose levels were decreased from 5.35±0.30 mmol/L to 3.57±0.17 mmol/L (p<0.0001) and from 26.50±0.61 mmol/L to 3.67±0.29 mmol/L (p<0.0001) in normal and STZ diabetic rats, respectively, after seven days of treatment. Moreover, no significant changes in body weight in normal and STZ rats were shown. According to the lipid profile, the plasma triglycerides levels were decreased significantly in diabetic rats after seven days of ARG treatment (p<0.05). Moreover, seven days of ARG A treatment decreased significantly the plasma cholesterol concentrations (p<0.001). Conclusion: ARG A possesses glucose and lipid-lowering activity in diabetic rats and this natural compound may be beneficial in the treatment of diabetes.

Study of Antihyperglycemic, Antihyperlipidemic and Antioxidant Activities of Tannins Extracted from Warionia saharae Benth. & Coss

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Ajebli ◽  
Fadwa El Ouady ◽  
Mohamed Eddouks
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Diabetic Rats ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Soxhlet Apparatus

Background and Objective: Warionia saharae Benth & Coss, a plant belonging to Asteraceae family, is used for its anti-diabetic properties in Morocco. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of tannins extracted from Warionia saharae (W. saharae) on blood glucose levels and lipid profile in normal and streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Tannins (TE) were extracted from W. saharae using Soxhlet apparatus and different organic solvents. Single and once daily repeated oral administration of TE (10 mg/kg) for 15 days were used to evaluate the glucose and lipid-lowering activity in normal and diabetic rats. Furthermore, glucose test tolerance, liver histopathological examination and in vitro antioxidant activity of TE were carried out in this study. Results: The results showed that TE was able to exert antihyperglycemic and lowering total cholesterol effects as well as improvement of the high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol serum level after 15 days of treatment. Furthermore, TE improved glucose tolerance, histopathological status of liver in diabetic rats and demonstrated interesting antioxidant activity. Conclusion: In conclusion, the present investigation revealed that TE possesses potent antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic activities as claimed in different ethnopharmacological practices.

scholarly journals Comparison between Vinorelbine–Carboplatin and Vinorelbine–Cisplatin in Stage III–IV EGFR Mutations-Negative NSCLC

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laksmi Wulandari ◽  
Gatot Soegiarto ◽  
Anna Febriani ◽  
Farah Fatmawati ◽  
Wirya Sastra Amran
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Growth Factor Receptor ◽  
The Body ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Egfr Mutations ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group Ii

Abstract Introduction There are a substantial number of lung cancer patients with negative mutations in Indonesia. This type of cancer is deemed to be the major contributor of lung cancer patient’s death. However, reseaerch related to therapy using vinorelbine combined with platinum-based compounds is still scarce in Indonesia. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy and tolerability between vinorelbine and carboplatin with vinorelbin and cisplatin in stage III-IV epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations-negative non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods The participants were divided into two groups—group I(vinorelbine–carboplatin) and group II (vinorelbine–cisplatin). The participants were assessed based on several measurement criteria. Not only Eq-5D was performed, but the body weight and response evaluation criteria for solid tumors (RECIST) were also examined. The participants received chemotherapy for four cycles (1 cycle = 21 days). Results The quality of life was considered stable in 60% of group I and 60% of group II (p=0.255). In both groups, 46.67% of participants had an increased body weight, while the other 20.00% was stable (p = 1.000). In terms of RECIST evaluation after the second cycle, 80.00% of group I and 86.67% of group II were considered to have a stable disease, with 20% of group I and none of group II had partial response (p = 0.027). However, after the fourth cycle, there were no significant difference between the groups (p = 0.734). Conclusion In EGFR mutation-negative NSCLC patients, the combination of vinorelbine and carboplatin showed comparable outcomes to vinorelbine and cisplatin chemotherapy with no significant differences.

scholarly journals Evidence of Regeneration of Testicular and Epididymal Tissue Structure and Function Following Withdrawal from Sub-chronic Khat Exposure: Studies in the Rabbit Animal Model

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-23
Author(s):  
Albert W. Nyongesaa ◽  
Esther M. Malukib ◽  
Jemimah A. Simbaunib
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Chronic Exposure ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
The Body ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Middle East Countries ◽  
Group I ◽  
And Function

Khat, Catha edulis, use is rampant in Eastern Africa and Middle East countries with associated reports of reproductive function impairment in the body of the user. Reports on recovery post long-term khat exposure are obscure. The present study investigated evidence of restoration of testicular and epididymal structure and function during withdrawal from cytotoxic damage caused by sub-chronic exposure of khat extract. Twenty-eight male rabbits were divided into 7 groups of 4 rabbits each. Group I (control) was administered normal saline while groups II, III and IV were administered 1.0 g/kg, 10 g/kg and 20 g/kg body weight of khat extract, respectively, via oral gavage on alternate days of the week for 12 weeks. Blood samples from animals were collected for hormonal assays followed by euthanasia using 26.4 mg/kg body weight of Sagatal sodium intramuscularly for testicular and epididymal histology. Group V, VI and VII were administered 1.0 g/kg, 10 g/kg and 20 g/kg body weight of khat extract, respectively, orally on alternate days of the week for 12 weeks followed by 1-month withdrawal period, blood samples collected for hormone assays and animals sacrificed for testicular and epididymal histology. High khat dose, 20 g/kg body weight, at sub-chronic exposure caused degeneration in spermatogenic cells with accompanying decrease in plasma FSH and testosterone. Histological output of Sertoli cells, Leydig cells and epididymal epithelium appeared unaffected in treatment groups. Post withdrawal data showed apparent regeneration of seminiferous epithelium and restoration of plasma FSH and testosterone comparable to control. It appears khat extract preferentially affected germ cell spermatogonia and subsequent daughter cells while stem cell spermatogonia were unaffected and contributed to regeneration of germinal epithelium and endocrine function.

Fetal Liver-Derived Stem Cells Ameliorate Immune Functions in Leptin Receptor-Deficient Mice

Blood ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 126 (23) ◽  
pp. 5417-5417
Author(s):  
Ming Li ◽  
Yasushi Adachi ◽  
Susumu Ikehara
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Leptin Receptor ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Fetal Liver ◽  
The Body ◽  
Immune Functions ◽  
Glucose Levels ◽  
Blood Glucose Levels

Abstract Fetal liver (FL) contains hepatic stem cells, hematopietic stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells, as well as pluripotent stem cells and very small embryonic-like stem cells. FL has thus been available as a source of stem cells for regenerative medicine. Our previous report suggested that combining FL cell transplantation with the transplantation of fetal thymus prevented tumor growth in tumor-bearing mice. Moreover, in animal models, intra bone marrow-bone marrow transplantation (IBM-BMT) has proven to be the best approach for allogenic BMT. We here propose that transplanting FL cells by IBM-BMT can improve immune functions in leptin receptor-deficient (db/db) mice. FL cells were collected from FLs of C57BL/6 mice at 16 days post coitum, and then transplanted by IBM-BMT to leptin receptor deficent mice, an animal model of type 2 diabetes with obesity. Our results showed that the body weight was significantly lowered in the treated db/db mice than in the sham-treated db/db mice. The plasma IL-6 level significantly decreased and adiponectin level significantly increased after the transplantation of FL cells. Blood glucose levels also significantly decreased although not to within the normal range. This is the first report that the transplantation of FL cells may improve immune function, resulting in increased adiponectin levels, and decreased body weight in db/db mice. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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