scholarly journals Response ofSorghum bicolorL. to Residual Phosphate on Two Contrasting Soils Previously Planted to Cowpea or Maize

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Tola Omolayo Olasunkanmi ◽  
Ezekiel Akinkunmi Akinrinde
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Single Superphosphate ◽  
Rock Phosphates ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
P Fertilizer

Proper fertilizer nutrient management through adequate utilization of the residual value coupled with healthy crop rotation contributes significantly to sustainable crop production. This study was conducted to evaluate the direct and residual effects of two rock phosphate (RP) materials on two contrasting soils previously planted with either the cereal crop or the leguminous crop. The effectiveness of the RP materials as substitute for the conventional P fertilizers was evaluated using single superphosphate as reference at the Department of Agronomy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria. The experiments were 2 × 2 × 4 factorial in completely randomized design. The test crops in the first cropping performed better on the slightly acidic loamy sand than on the strongly acidic sandy clay loam. Performance of each crop was improved by P supply in the first and second cropping. Single superphosphate proved to be more efficient than the RPs in the first cropping but not as effective as MRP in the second cropping. In the second cropping, sorghum performed better on the soil previously cropped to cowpea while Morocco RP had the highest residual effect among the P-fertilizer sources. It is evident that rock phosphates are better substitutes to the conventional phosphorus fertilizers due to their long term residual effect in soils. The positive effects of healthy rotation of crops as well as the negative effects of low soil pH are also quite obvious.

scholarly journals Phosphorus sources residual effects on Tifton 85 production and nutritive value cultivated in a tropical weathered soil1

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrique Coutinho Junqueira Franco ◽  
Bernardo Melo Montes Nogueira Borges ◽  
Sergio Gustavo Quassi de Castro ◽  
Michele Xavier Vieira Megda ◽  
Marcio Mahmoud Megda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Tropical Soils ◽  
Forage Yield ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Magnesium Phosphate ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Available Phosphorus ◽  
Rock Phosphates ◽  
Phosphorus Sources

Acid reactions and low available phosphorus in tropical soils limit forage yield. The aim was to evaluate soil chemical characteristics pH, P and Mg, forage nutritive values, critical soil and plant P levels and the residual effect of each source. The experiment was in a greenhouse with a Rhodic Haplustox, loam texture. Experimental design was a 5 x 4 factorial with five replicates which phosphate fertilizers were triple superphosphate, reactive rock phosphates Gafsa and Arad, and fused magnesium phosphate powder and coarse, applied at rates of 30, 60, 90 and 120 mg kg-1 P and a control treatment without P. The effectiveness of rock phosphates increased due to their residual effect. The coarse fused magnesium phosphate resulted in the lowest efficiency. The P critical level in soil and plant were 18 mg kg-1 and 2.4 g kg-1, respectively. The increase of phosphorus rates provided an increase in crude protein content.

scholarly journals Uji Toksisitas Bahan Aktif Niklosamida Terhadap Crustacea Sebagai Water Treatment dalam Budidaya Udang Vannamei (Litopenaus vannamei)

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aan Fahrizki ◽  
Herman Yulianto Yulianto ◽  
Asep Saefulloh
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Active Ingredient ◽  
Toxicity Test ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Probit Analysis ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Toxicity Tests ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Concentration Levels

This study aims to determine the level of toxicity of the active ingredient based niclosamide on the value LC50- 24h against crustaceans and the duration of the residual effect of niclosamide in water. Methods This study used a completely randomized design with 4 different concentration levels and 0 ppm as a control. Toxicity tests using a concentration of 1.7783; 3.1623; 5.6235 and 10.0002 ppm. To determine the duration of the test using the residual effects of detoxification. In the detoxification test stick with a concentration in the toxicity test. Probit analysis results in test animals showed values (LC50) - 24 hours amounted to 3.6282 ppm, while the length of the residual effects of niclosamide in water for 96 hours. Kata kunci : Crustacea, niclosamide, and toxicity

scholarly journals Residual effect of cattle manure application on green ear yield and corn grain yield

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-169 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Sérgio L e Silva ◽  
Jaeveson da Silva ◽  
Fábio Henrique T de Oliveira ◽  
Ana Karenina F de Sousa ◽  
Gustavo P Duda
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Positive Effects

The present concern about environmental degradation has produced a renewed interest in organic fertilizers, such as animal manures. In addition, the soil organic matter conservation is one of the most important limiting factors for sustainability development in semiarid regions. In a previous experiment, carried out to evaluate the direct effects of application of manure rates in corn, positive effects of this fertilization were observed on green ear yield and grain yield. It was also verified that manure increased water retention and availability, and phosphorus, potassium, and sodium contents in the soil layer from 0-20 cm, but did not influence pH, calcium, organic matter contents and the sum of bases. The objective of this work was to evaluate the residual effect of applied fertilization on green ear yield and grain yield in cultivars AG 9012 and AG 4051. In both cultivars, a lack of manure residual effects was verified on total number and weight of green ears; number and weight of marketable ears, either unhusked or husked; plant height and ear height; fresh and dry matter in the above-ground part; and grain yield and its components. Cultivar AG 9012 performed best with regard to characteristics employed to evaluate green corn yield, and cultivar AG 4051 was superior with reference to plant height and 100-grain weight. The cultivars were not different with respect to the other traits evaluated.

Long-term effects of lime on pasture yields and response to phosphate fertilizers on eight acidic soils

1994 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 1051 ◽  
Author(s):  
ICR Holford ◽  
GJ Crocker
Keyword(s):  
Residual Effects ◽  
First Year ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Acidic Soils ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Yield Responses

Eight experiments on acidic soils of the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales were carried out to measure lime effects on clover-based pastures and their response to fertilizer phosphate (P). Each experiment lasted 3 years. The seven soils deficient in P all responded to lime in the first year, and pasture yield responses were associated with lime-induced increases in isotopically exchangeable or soluble soil P or both. Three of these soils were also relatively high in soluble aluminium (Al) or manganese (Mn), and the lime-induced suppression of these toxic cations probably also contributed to the beneficial effects of lime. Negative effects of lime on fertilizer P response were more frequent than positive effects, and tended to occur on higher A1 soils. Lime eliminated the need for fertilizer P on at least three P-deficient soils during the 3 year period of the experiments, and this was also associated with increases in availability and uptake of soil P. Lime suppressed P sorptivity in all soils, but this caused an increase in fertilizer P effectiveness in only two soils (in the first year). Hence, the positive effect of lime on soluble soil P, which occurred on all soils and which would tend to lower fertilizer P effectiveness, seemed to be dominant over its negative effect on soil P sorptivity. Residual effects of lime and fertilizer P were similar, both declining after the first year, with five soils still responsive in the third year.

Effect of Integrated Nutrient Management on Rice-Greengram Cropping Sequence

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitin N. Gudadhe ◽  
S. R. Imade ◽  
J. D. Thanki
Keyword(s):  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Crop Yield ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Integrated Nutrient Management ◽  
Cropping Sequence

Background: Intensive rice cultivation for longer periods continuously resulted in poor soil fertility. Inorganic fertilizers along with integrated and judicious use of different organic sources like FYM, vermicompost, green manure etc. could be an effective choice for enhancing crop yield. A synergistic effect on crop yield is reported through common use of fertilizer and organics which also improve soil fertility. The residual effects of organic manures applied to the preceding crops can be available to succeeding crop. Therefore, this experiments was planned to throw light on the use integrated nutrients through organic and inorganic sources on rice and its residual effect on succeeding greengram. Methods: A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of integrated nutrient management on rice-greengram cropping sequence at Navsari Agricultural University, Gujarat during 2012-15. Five nutrient combinations were evaluated in randomized block design for rice and its residual effect on productivity on succeeding greengram was studied with three fertilizer levels in split plot design. Result: Application of general recommended dose of fertilizers (RDF) to rice has increased growth, yield, quality, economics and improved soil properties and the residual effect to succeeding greengram have also gave significantly higher greengram seed yield and other important parameters and this was succeeded by application of 75% RDF through chemical fertilizer + 25% RDF through vermicompost. Among different levels of fertilizers to greengram, application of 100% RDF gave highest greengram seed yield, economics and soil parameters over other two levels.

scholarly journals Introduction to the Integrated Nutrient Management Strategies and Their Contribution to Yield and Soil Properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Mostafa Mohamed Selim
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Nutrient Balance ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Organic Manure ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Chemical Fertilizers ◽  
Available Nitrogen

Alleviation of poverty and achievement of zero-hunger target and food security are significant challenges faced by agricultural planners worldwide. Improving many agronomic approaches, which have drastic effects on crop growth and yield, is urgently needed to report this aim. Replacement of a part of chemical fertilizers by organic manure through a simple technique of using minimum effective dose of sufficient and balanced quantities of organic and inorganic fertilizers in combination with specific microorganisms, called INM, has a bright solution in this area. Recently, several investigators reported that integrated use of chemical fertilizers with organic manure is becoming a quite promising practice not only for maintaining higher productivity but also for greater stability to crop production. In addition, INM acts as a source of energy, organic carbon, and available nitrogen for the growth of soil microbes and improvement of physical properties of soil, and also have great residual effect on subsequent crops. So, the key component of the INM goal is to reach the eco-friendly practice through the harmonious properties of both sources by making a combination that can be used for decreasing the enormous use of chemical fertilizers and accreting a balance between fertilizer inputs and crop nutrient requirement, maintaining the soil fertility, optimizing the level of yield, maximizing the profitability, and subsequently reducing the environmental pollution. Lastly, INM is a tool that can offer good options and economic choices to supply plants with a sufficient amount of nutrients in need and can also reduce total costs, create favorable soil physiochemical conditions and healthy environment, eliminate the constraints, safeguard the soil nutrient balance, and find safety methods to get rid of agriculture wastes.

scholarly journals Effects of Lime, Vermicompost, and Chemical P Fertilizer on Selected Properties of Acid Soils of Ebantu District, Western Highlands of Ethiopia

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdissa Bekele ◽  
Kibebew Kibret ◽  
Bobe Bedadi ◽  
Markku Yli-Halla ◽  
Tesfaye Balemi
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Acidity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Exchangeable Acidity ◽  
Combined Application ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Exchangeable Ca ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Major Factors

Soil acidity is one of the major factors limiting soil fertility and crop production in large areas of Ethiopia. A two-month incubation experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of lime, vermicompost (VC), and chemical phosphorus (P) fertilizer on selected chemical properties of Dystric Nitisols in Ebantu District, Western Ethiopia. The treatments comprised of three rates of lime (2, 4, and 6 tons CaCO3·ha−1), VC (2.5, 5, and 7.5 tons·ha−1), and mineral P fertilizer (20, 40, and 60 kg·P·ha−1) each applied alone and in various combinations. The experiment was laid down in a completely randomized design with two replications. The results showed that the highest increment of pH from 4.83 at the control to 6.05 and reduction of exchangeable Al from 1.70 to 0.09 cmolc·kg−1 were obtained from combined application of lime at 4 tons CaCO3·ha−1 and VC at 7.5 tons·ha−1. The most significant decrease in exchangeable acidity (0.17 cmolc.kg-1) was observed in soil that was treated with 6 tons CaCO3·ha−1 lime applied alone (93%) and combined application of lime at 4 tons CaCO3·ha−1 with VC at 7.5 tons·ha−1 by (81%). The highest contents of OM (4.1%) and total nitrogen (0.29%) were obtained from combined application of lime at 4 tons CaCO3·ha−1 and VC at 7.5 tons·ha−1. Integrated application of chemical P (60 kg·P·ha−1) with lime (2 tons·ha−1) plus VC (7.5 tons·ha−1) resulted in Bray-II P increased by 45% relative to control. The various combinations of the treatments also improved exchangeable Ca2+ and Mg2+. The results indicate that integrated use of lime, vermicompost, and chemical P fertilizer can improve soil acidity and availability of nutrients. However, the real potential of the amendments used in this experiment should be further assessed under field conditions using a test crop.

PERSISTENCE AND EFFECTS OF LIGHT FUEL OIL IN SOIL

1975 ◽  
Vol 1975 (1) ◽  
pp. 589-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.N. Swader
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Aerial Photographs ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Science Center ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
One Year

ABSTRACT The USDA-SCS Plant Materials Science Center at Big Flats, New York, was damaged by flood-borne oil in June 1972. Field plots were established in part of the damaged area to determine the effects of such contamination on soil properties and on crop production, and to assess the persistence of such contamination under northeastern conditions of soil and climate. Field crops (corn, oats, and soybeans) have been used as major indicator crops. Crop yield data have been collected and compared to published estimated yields for the same area and soil resource. Soil samples have been analyzed annually to determine the quantities of oil remaining in the soil. Greenhouse experiments have been conducted to determine a threshold level of economic damage, and the residual effects of such applications. The results indicate that oil penetration was slightly below 24 inches; that the initial levels of oil contamination were relatively low (0.2% by weight, or less), but spectacular in appearance; that shallow rooted crops were less susceptible to damage by residual oil than deep rooted crops; that some residual effect was reflected in growth of both crop plants and weeds one year after contamination; and that light fuel oils may affect crop growth at relatively low application rates. These effects may be minimized by the proper choices of crop species and soil management practices (tillage and fertilization). The results are supported by aerial photographs and field inspections of similar problem areas in the Big Flats area, made at one-year intervals.

scholarly journals Abonos verdes de leguminosas: integración en sistemas agrícolas y ganaderas del trópico

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edwin Castro-Rincón ◽  
José Edwin Mojica-Rodríguez ◽  
Juan Evangelista Corulla-Fornaguera ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Lascano-Aguilar
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilizers ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Dual Purpose Cattle ◽  
Cattle Systems

In dry areas dominated by dual purpose cattle systems, the production of milk decreases significantly in the dry season. An alternative to maintaining production in the dry season is through the use of annual crops (corn and sorghum) to silage. The objective of this literature review was to compile information on aspects associated with the technology of green legume fertilizers and how they could be integrated into different agricultural and livestock production systems in tropical zones. Whether for crop production, animal feed or for use as hay directly. The use of forage crops to be sustainable requires the application of N since it is one of the most limiting elements to produce forage biomass. The use of synthetic nitrogen fertilizers is limited by high costs, and they also have adverse effects, such as production and leaching of nitrates that contaminate groundwater with negative effects on human health and production of nitrous oxide, which is a potent greenhouse gas which has negative effects on global warming. An alternative to the use of chemical nitrogen is the use of N-fixing forage legumes as green fertilizers to supply the N required by forage crops, but the adoption of green manures in livestock systems is very low, possibly since the benefits obtained with their use are not reflected directly in milk production at critical times of the year, which is important for producers. It is necessary to select N-fixing legumes with high biomass production and drought tolerance and demonstrate that these legumes have positive effects directly in the dry season.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BAHAN HUMAT DARI EKSTRAK BATUBARA MUDA (Subbituminus) DAN PUPUK P TERHADAP SIFAT KIMIA ULTISOL SERTA PRODUKSI TANAMAN JAGUNG (Zea mays L.)

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herviyanti Herviyanti ◽  
Fachri Ahmad ◽  
Riza Sofiyani ◽  
Darmawan Darmawan ◽  
Gusnidar Gusnidar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Humic Substances ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
P Fertilizer ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The purpose of this research is to study interaction of humic substances extracted from subbituminus coal with P fertilizer on the chemical properties of Ultisol and crop production of corn (Zea mays L.). The experiment was designed in completely randomized design having 2 factors (4 x 4) with 3 replications. The first factor was dose of humic substances (A) which consists of 4 levels (A1 = 0 ppm, A2 = 400 ppm, A3 = 800 ppm, and A4 = 1200 ppm). The second factor was level of fertilizer P (B) (B1 = 100% recommendation, B2 = 75% recommendation, B3 = 50% recommendation, and B4 = 25%). The result showed that : 1) There is no interaction between humic substances and P fertilizer on the chemical nature of Ultisol and crop production of corn (Zea mays L.) 2) Use of humic substance for 800 ppm with some level of P fertilizer could improve some chemical properties of Ultisol such as decreased in content of Al-exch by 0,38 me/100 g soil, increased in P-available by 22,16 ppm, CEC by 8,42 me/100 g soil and P nutrient by 0,10 %, as well as corn yield by 25,67 g/pot compared to soil without humic substances 3) The use of SP-36 for 50 % with some level of humic substances increased in plant height by 26,58 cm, P nutrient by 0,11 %, and the use of 75 % SP-36 increased corn yield by 5,84 g/pot compared to 25% of P recommended.Keywords : humic subtances, subbituminus coal, P fertilizer.

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