scholarly journals Extruded and Injection Moulded Virgin PA 6/6 as Abrasion Resistant Material

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
J. Sukumaran ◽  
R. Keresztes ◽  
G. Kalácska ◽  
H. Almaliki ◽  
P. D. Neis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Protective Agent ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Wear Response ◽  
Wear Tests ◽  
Proper Balance ◽  
Increasing Load

Polyamide (PA6/6) is often used as a tribological pair in abrasion prevalent applications such as hinges and sliders. PA6/6 is frequently processed by injection moulding and extrusion process. It is known that these processes influence the polymers mechanical behaviour, but their influence on the polymers wear response has not been studied. Hence the present research attempts to study the influence of different manufacturing processes on tribological behaviour for PA6/6. Wear tests were performed on a pin abrading tester (DIN 50322). Abrasion resistance of both extruded and injection moulded PA6/6 were tested at different loads (20 and 35 N). Single-pass (nonoverlapping mode) and multipass testing (overlapping mode) were used to understand the influence of clogging of wear debris. It is evidenced that with increasing load the specific wear rate decreases; moreover, fine abrasives tend to reduce the wear rate. In multipass testing a transfer layer clogged on the counterface that acted as a protective agent and lowers wear rate. Poor mechanical strength of injection moulded polymers is apparently compensated by microstructural response for having a similar wear behaviour between extruded and injection moulded PA 6/6. Hence a proper balance between microstructural and mechanical characteristics is an absolute must in PA 6/6 for better wear performance.

scholarly journals Effects of Cr3C2 Addition on Wear Behaviour of WC-Co Based Cemented Carbides

Metals ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 895 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Boccarusso ◽  
Fabio Scherillo ◽  
Umberto Prisco
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Rupture Strength ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Extrusion Process ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Cemented Carbides ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Bulk Hardness ◽  
Wear Tests

Microstructure, hardness, transverse rupture strength, and abrasion resistance of WC-10 wt% Co cemented carbides modified with the addition of different mass fraction of Cr3C2, in the range of 0–3 wt%, are studied. The influence of the microstructure, composition and hardness on the mechanical properties and wear resistance is analysed. Considering that the material under investigation can be used as die for the extrusion process of hard ceramic materials, the tribological behaviour was evaluated by performing sliding wear tests in wet conditions using a block-on-ring tribometer. Wear mechanism principally based on binder removal and subsequent fragmentation and microabrasion of the WC grains is proposed. Carbide grain size and bulk hardness can be tuned as function of specific applications by adding different amounts of Cr3C2. In particular, increasing hardness and reducing grain size by the addition of Cr3C2 are demonstrated to considerably enhance the wear performance of these carbides.

scholarly journals Influence of Test Conditions on Sliding Wear Performance of High Velocity Air Fuel-Sprayed WC–CoCr Coatings

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3074
Author(s):  
Kaveh Torkashvand ◽  
Vinod Krishna Selpol ◽  
Mohit Gupta ◽  
Shrikant Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Specific Wear Rate ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Test Parameters ◽  
Sliding Distance

Sliding wear performance of thermal spray WC-based coatings has been widely studied. However, there is no systematic investigation on the influence of test conditions on wear behaviour of these coatings. In order to have a good understanding of the effect of test parameters on sliding wear test performance of HVAF-sprayed WC–CoCr coatings, ball-on-disc tests were conducted under varying test conditions, including different angular velocities, loads and sliding distances. Under normal load of 20 N and sliding distance of 5 km (used as ‘reference’ conditions), it was shown that, despite changes in angular velocity (from 1333 rpm up to 2400 rpm), specific wear rate values experienced no major variation. No major change was observed in specific wear rate values even upon increasing the load from 20 N to 40 N and sliding distance from 5 km to 10 km, and no significant change was noted in the prevailing wear mechanism, either. Results suggest that no dramatic changes in applicable wear regime occur over the window of test parameters investigated. Consequently, the findings of this study inspire confidence in utilizing test conditions within the above range to rank different WC-based coatings.

A study on tribological behaviour and analysis of ZnO reinforced AA6061 matrix composites fabricated by stir casting route

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sakthi Sadhasivam RM ◽  
Ramanathan K. ◽  
Bhuvaneswari B.V. ◽  
Raja R.
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Sliding Wear ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Zno Particles ◽  
The Matrix

Purpose The most promising replacements for the industrial applications are particle reinforced metal matrix composites because of their good and combined mechanical properties. Currently, the need of matrix materials for industrial applications is widely satisfied by aluminium alloys. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the tribological behaviour of the zinc oxide (ZnO) particles reinforced AA6061 composites prepared by stir casting route. Design/methodology/approach In this study, AA6061 aluminium alloy matrix reinforced with varying weight percentages (3%, 4.5% and 6%) of ZnO particles, including monolithic AA6061 alloy samples, is cast by the most economical fabrication method, called stir casting. The prepared sample was subjected to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, experimental density measurement by Archimedian principle and theoretical density by rule of mixture and hardness test to investigate mechanical property. The dry sliding wear behaviour of the composites was investigated using pin-on-disc tribometer with various applied loads of 15 and 20 N, with constant sliding velocity and distance. The wear rate, coefficient of friction (COF) and worn surfaces of the composite specimens and their effects were also investigated in this work. Findings XPS results confirm the homogeneous distribution of ZnO microparticles in the Al matrix. The Vickers hardness result reveals that higher ZnO reinforced (6%) sample have 34.4% higher values of HV than the monolithic aluminium sample. The sliding wear tests similarly show that increasing the weight percentage of ZnO particles leads to a reduced wear rate and COF of 30.01% and 26.32% lower than unreinforced alloy for 15 N and 36.35% and 25% for 20 N applied load. From the worn surface morphological studies, it was evidently noticed that ZnO particles dispersed throughout the matrix and it had strong bonding between the reinforcement and the matrix, which significantly reduced the plastic deformation of the surfaces. Originality/value The uniqueness of this work is to use the reinforcement of ZnO particles with AA6061 matrix and preparing by stir casting route and to study and analyse the physical, hardness and tribological behaviour of the composite materials.

Tribological Behaviour of Ceramic Coatings Formed on Titanium Alloy through Miro-Arc Oxidation Technique

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 898-901 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xue Tong Sun ◽  
Cheng Xin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Ceramic Coatings ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Ti Alloy ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Coating Structure ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Test Range ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Micro Arc Oxidation ◽  
Wear Tests

In the present work, the wear behaviour of coatings produced on Ti-6Al-4V alloy by micro-arc oxidation method was studied. The wear tests were performed using a pin-on-disc wear machine under dry sliding conditions. It is found that the MAO coating can efficiently improve the wear-resistant performance of Ti alloy in the test range of this paper. The coated samples demonstrated wear rates up to 5-12 times lower than that of the uncoated substrates tested. The wear behaviours are deeply characterized by the variations of coating structure and composition.

scholarly journals Improving the Tribological Properties of Technical Polymers with Metal Sulphide Compounds

Lubricants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Andreas Hausberger ◽  
Tanja Stiller ◽  
Clemens Kappl ◽  
Lars Hensgen ◽  
Florian Grün
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Tribological Properties ◽  
Glass Fibre ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Solid Lubricants ◽  
Solid Lubrication ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Rate Reduction ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Metal Sulphide

Technical thermoplastic materials (e.g., PEEK, PPA and POM) are widely used for tribological applications combined with different filler systems (e.g., glass- or carbon fibres) because of their excellent mechanical properties. The friction and wear behaviour of thermoplastics can be specifically improved by solid lubrication systems such as graphite, PTFE and MoS2. Besides these systems, others such as WoS2 and MnS are becoming scientifically interesting. This work investigates the influence of different solid lubricants—alternative metal sulphides and polymer-based—in combination with different glass fibre contents on the tribological behaviour of unfilled PEEK and glass fibre-filled PPA. For this purpose, compounds were produced and injection-moulded into tribological test specimens that were subsequently tested. It is particularly evident for both matrix materials that the solid lubricant SLS 22 shows a 25% wear rate reduction when compared to MoS2 and, in addition, the proportion of fibre content in PPA shows an additional wear rate reduction by a factor of 10. The friction level could be kept at a similar level compared to the usually utilised solid lubricants. The investigations showed the potential use of metal sulphide filler systems in high-performance thermoplastic with enhanced tribological properties as alternatives to the well-established solid lubricants.

Wear Characteristics of Sintered Cermets

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Róbert Bidulský ◽  
Jana Bidulská ◽  
Freddy Arenas ◽  
Marco Actis Grande
Keyword(s):  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Tribological Behaviour ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Normal Contact ◽  
Contact Loads ◽  
Microstructural Evaluation ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Abrasive Wear Behaviour ◽  
Performance Results

AbstractThe present paper deals with the tribological behaviour of the boride and carbide hardmetals evaluated by performing comparative dry sliding pin-on-disc experiments using normal contact loads. Analyses of the wear performance results, microstructural evaluation and processing conditions effect indicate that microstructure inhomogenities play an important role in abrasive wear behaviour of cermets. In term of grain size and chemical composition, the addition of VC also play an important role in increasing the wear resistance.

Wear Performance of Rubber Wheel of Roller Guide Shoes

2010 ◽  
Vol 113-116 ◽  
pp. 1930-1934
Author(s):  
Zhen Duo Han ◽  
Chao Qu ◽  
Yu Xing Peng ◽  
Guo An Chen ◽  
Yi Lei Li
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Wear Mechanisms ◽  
Adhesive Wear ◽  
Heat Accumulation ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Roller Guide ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Increasing Load

A wear tester was developed. MC PA (nylon) filled with MoS2 and PU (polyurethane) were used as the material of the rubber wheel of roller guide shoes. Their wear performances was investigated with the tester. The results show that the wear rate of MC PA increases firstly and then decreases with increasing load, and reverses with increasing velocity. The wear rate of PU decreases firstly and then increases with increasing velocity. In addition, the main wear mechanisms of PU are plough wear and abrasive wear at the low load (200N). At the loads of 200N~500N, the main wear form of MC PA is the adhesive wear. Adhesive wear is the main mechanism of MC PA at the low velocity (3m/s). Due to inner heat accumulation by friction, squama-peering occurs on MC PA surface at the high velocity (8m/s). The dominant wear mechanisms of PU are abrasive wear and fatigue pitting. And the main reason of PU’s failure is the interior heat accumulation caused by friction.

Dry sliding friction and wear behavior of self-lubricating wollastonite filled polycarbonate composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 22-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akin Akinci
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Sliding Friction ◽  
Wear Behavior ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Dry Sliding ◽  
Wear Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wear Rates ◽  
Wear Tests

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the friction and wear performance of pure polycarbonate (PC) and 5-30 per cent wollastonite-filled (by weight) PC were comparatively evaluated under dry sliding conditions. Wear tests were carried out at room temperature under the loads of 5-20 N and at the sliding speeds of 0.5-1.5 m/s. Design/methodology/approach – The microstructures of the wollastonite, pure PC and composites were examined by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The friction and wear tests were realized using a pin-on-disk arrangement against the hardened AISI 4140 steel. Findings – The result of this study indicated that the coefficients of friction wear rate of the materials were significantly influenced by an increase in wollastonite content. The friction coefficient of the PC was getting decreased from 0.457 to 0.198 with an increase in wollastonite content, depending on applied loads and sliding speeds. On the other hand, the results showed that the wear rates of pure PC and wollastonite-filled PCs decreased with an increase in loads. The wear rate of the PC decreased from 1.2 × 10−6 to 8.7 × 10−6 mm3/m with an increase in wollastonite content, depending on applied loads. Originality/value – There are many reports which deal with the friction and wear performance of the polymers and polymer composites. However, the effect of wollastonite effect on tribological performance of PC has up to now not been extensively researched.

A Study Wear Behaviour of Induction Hardened 4140 and Carburised 8617H Steels on 1040 Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 773-774 ◽  
pp. 851-864 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alain Kusmoko ◽  
A. Crosky
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Surface Hardness ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Pin On Disc ◽  
Wear Tests

This study was undertaken to evaluate the likely effect on the wear rate of changing the pinion material in a rack and pinion steering box from carburised SAE-AISI grade 8617 H steel to induction hardened SAE-AISI grade 4140 steel of the same hardness. Accordingly, pin on disc wear tests were conducted using carburised 8617 H pins and through hardened 4140 pins. The surface hardness of the pins was approximately 60 HRC for both materials. The discs were made of SAE-AISI grade 1040 steel through hardened to a hardness of 45 HRC. The results showed that both the pins and the discs wore more rapidly when the tests were carried out with 4140 pins. The study indicates that the wear rate would be increased on both the rack and the pinion if the pinion material were changed from case hardened 8617 H to induction hardened 4140.

scholarly journals Wear Behaviour of N Ion Implanted Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Processed by Selective Laser Melting

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1639
Author(s):  
Hua Li ◽  
Zhan W. Chen ◽  
Holger Fiedler ◽  
Maziar Ramezani
Keyword(s):  
Wear Rate ◽  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Wear Behaviour ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Powder Bed ◽  
Wear Process ◽  
Hardness Values ◽  
Wear Tests ◽  
Ion Implanted

Selective laser melting (SLM) is a laser-based powder bed fusion additive manufacturing technique extensively used in industry. One of the most commonly used alloys in SLM process is Ti-6Al-4V. However, its tribological properties when coated with N ion implantation is not well understood. In the ion implantation process used in this study, N2+ and N+ are accelerated to the energy of 60 keV and implanted to a fluence of 6 × 1017 at.cm−2. The effect of N ion implanted layer in terms of hardness values and how this implanted layer may affect wear process and wear rate is investigated in this paper. Sliding wear tests were conducted on SLM and conventionally processed samples implanted with N ions, followed by examining the wear tracks and coefficient of friction in order to explain the wear rate data obtained. The results showed that N+ implantation increased hardness within the depth of ~200 nm and reduced wear rate in SLM samples, while N2+ was not beneficial.

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