scholarly journals Dietary Oxidized Linoleic Acid Modulates Plasma Lipids beyond Triglycerides Metabolism

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Garelnabi ◽  
Gregory Ainsworth ◽  
Halleh Mahini ◽  
Naseeha Jamil ◽  
Chinedu Ochin
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Study Objective ◽  
Plasma Triglycerides

Introduction. Triglyceride (TG) is an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease. Previous work has shown that short-term supplementations of mouse chow with oxidized linoleic acid (OxLA) significantly reduce the level of plasma triglycerides.Study Objective. This study aims to determine the effects of longer-term supplementation of mouse chow with various concentrations of oxidized linoleic acid (OxLA) on plasma triglycerides.Study Design. The study consisted of forty C57BL/6 wildtype mice divided into four groups (n=10). Two groups were kept as controls. One control group (P) was fed plain chow and the second control group (C) was fed chow supplemented with linoleic acid. The other two experimental groups (A) and (B) were fed oxidized linoleic acid supplemented chow in the following doses: 9 mg/day of oxidized linoleic acid and 18 mg/day of oxidized linoleic acid/mouse.Results and Conclusion. Mice that were on a diet supplemented with the higher dose of oxidized linoleic acid showed a 39% decrease in hepatic PPAR-αand a significant decrease in the plasma HDL levels compared to the mice that were fed diets of plain and linoleic acid supplemented chow. Interestingly, the longer-term consumption of oxidized linoleic acid may predispose to atheropathogenesis.

BactDNA as an Independent Risk Factor for Short-Term Crohn’s Disease Recurrence

2016 ◽  
Vol 111 (10) ◽  
pp. 1500-1501
Author(s):  
Alessandro Sartini ◽  
Maria Chiara Verga ◽  
Luca Marzi ◽  
Nicola De Maria ◽  
Erica Villa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Crohn’S Disease ◽  
Crohn's Disease ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Disease Recurrence ◽  
Short Term

AGGRESSION IN PRESCHOOLERS: ITS RELATION TO SOCIALIZATION

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 163-163
Author(s):  
Klaus Minde
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Perspective Taking ◽  
Normal Control Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Developmental Changes ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Clinical Implications ◽  
Significant Delay ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Aggressive Children

The present article discusses developmental changes of aggression seen in preschool children and reports on an 18-month short-term prospective study of three preschool populations: a group referred for aggressive behavior problems, a normal control group, and a group of youngsters who had lived in violent homes, but showed no aggressive behaviors. Results indicate that the aggressive children, in comparison with the other two groups at age 4, showed a significant delay in their interpersonal awareness and perspective taking ability. However, although the aggressive children caught up with their peers in the course of the study period, there was no accompanying decrease in their aggressive behavior. The theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Association between serum lipid and ischaemic stroke in a tertiary hospital in Northern Andhra Pradesh, India

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1078
Author(s):  
Tamminana Venugopala Rao ◽  
Budumuru Annaji Rao ◽  
Sreedevi Panchadi ◽  
K. Sudheer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ischaemic Stroke ◽  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
The Brain

Background: The incidence of cerebrovascular disease increases with age and the number of strokes is projected to increase as the elderly population grows. A stroke occurs when blood vessels that carry blood to the brain suddenly blocked or burst, preventing blood flow to the brain. The most common cause of blood vessel blockages is thrombosis (a blood clot) or an embolism (floating clot). Blood clots may form in the arteries that are damaged by atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis is an aging process but some factors (risk factor) precipitate it to occur earlier. To find out the risk factors properly are of tremendous importance as risk factor change could directly influence or indirectly affect case fatality by altering the natural history of the disease. Serum lipids are thought to interact with the pathogenesis of stroke through the atherosclerotic mechanism. Objective was to identify the high serum lipid as an independent risk factor of stroke.Methods: This is a hospital-based case-control study. Seventy cases of stroke patients and age, sex-matched 70 healthy control subjects were enrolled by non-random sampling. 12 hours of fasting plasma lipids were estimated in both cases and control subjects. Then it was compared between cases and controls.Results: Hypercholesterolemia was higher in the case group than control but not statistically significant. Mean LDL- cholesterol, and triglycerides were significantly higher in the case group than the control group. The mean value of serum HDL-cholesterol was not significantly lower in the case group than the control group.Conclusions: Serum lipids are significantly higher in ischaemic stroke patients than the control group (LDL cholesterol and triglyceride). So, it may be an independent risk factor of ischemic stroke.

scholarly journals Blended collaborative care in the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease improves risk factor control: Results of a randomised feasibility study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 134-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena Bosselmann ◽  
Stella V Fangauf ◽  
Birgit Herbeck Belnap ◽  
Mira-Lynn Chavanon ◽  
Jonas Nagel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Collaborative Care ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Psychosocial Risk ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Risk Factor Control ◽  
Care Intervention

Background: Risk factor control is essential in limiting the progression of coronary heart disease, but the necessary active patient involvement is often difficult to realise, especially in patients suffering psychosocial risk factors (e.g. distress). Blended collaborative care has been shown as an effective treatment addition, in which a (non-physician) care manager supports patients in implementing and sustaining lifestyle changes, follows-up on patients, and integrates care across providers, targeting both, somatic and psychosocial risk factors. Aims: The aim of this study was to test the feasibility, acceptance and effect of a six-month blended collaborative care intervention in Germany. Methods: For our randomised controlled pilot study with a crossover design we recruited coronary heart disease patients with ⩾1 insufficiently controlled cardiac risk factors and randomised them to either immediate blended collaborative care intervention (immediate intervention group, n=20) or waiting control (waiting control group, n=20). Results: Participation rate in the intervention phase was 67% ( n=40), and participants reported high satisfaction ( M=1.63, standard deviation=0.69; scale 1 (very high) to 5 (very low)). The number of risk factors decreased significantly from baseline to six months in the immediate intervention group ( t(60)=3.07, p=0.003), but not in the waiting control group t(60)=−0.29, p=0.77). Similarly, at the end of their intervention following the six-month waiting period, the waiting control group also showed a significant reduction of risk factors ( t(60)=3.88, p<0.001). Conclusion: This study shows that blended collaborative care can be a feasible, accepted and effective addition to standard medical care in the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease in the German healthcare system.

scholarly journals Detection of perimacular red dots and blots when screening for diabetic retinopathy: Refer or not refer?

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 356-359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anatolie Baltatescu ◽  
Elio Striglia ◽  
Marina Trento ◽  
Aurora Mazzeo ◽  
Franco Cavallo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Disease Duration ◽  
Multivariate Model ◽  
The Other ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Disc Diameter ◽  
Baseline Haemoglobin

Purpose: Detection of microaneurysms and/or microhaemorrhages near the fovea when screening for diabetic retinopathy poses a problem because referral to retinal specialists may alarm patients and unnecessarily burden ophthalmologists. Methods: Six-month prospective study of patients found to have minimal red lesions within one disc diameter of the fovea when screened for diabetic retinopathy. Two 45° digital photographs, one centred on the macula and the other nasal including the optic disc, were taken for each eye. All patients received a 6-month re-screening appointment. Results: Out of 70 patients, 41 returned for re-screening. Diabetic retinopathy had worsened in 3 who required referral but no treatment, was unchanged in 19 and was undetectable in the other 19. Haemoglobin A1c decreased from 7.76% ± 1.50% (61.3 ± 16.2 mmol/mol) to 6.93% ± 1.7% (52.3 ± 18.9 mmol/mol) in the patients in whom diabetic retinopathy worsened but did not change in the other groups. Baseline haemoglobin A1c ( p = 0.048) and systolic blood pressure ( p = 0.007) were lower in the patients in whom diabetic retinopathy improved, but a multivariate model including haemoglobin A1c, blood pressure and known disease duration could not identify any independent risk factor. Conclusion: Minimal red lesions near the fovea, though commanding early re-screening, do not require immediate referral to retinal specialists.

scholarly journals Risk factors for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia: a case–control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Sato ◽  
Kengo Murata ◽  
Miake Yamamoto ◽  
Tsukasa Ishiwata ◽  
Miyako Kitazono-Saitoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Independent Risk Factor ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tracheobronchial Stenosis ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Age And Sex

AbstractThe bronchoscopy, though usually safe, is occasionally associated with complications, such as pneumonia. However, the use of prophylactic antibiotics is not recommended by the guidelines of the British Thoracic Society. Thus far there are few reports of the risk factors for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia; the purpose of this study was to evaluate these risk factors. We retrospectively collected data on patients in whom post-bronchoscopy pneumonia developed from the medical records of 2,265 patients who received 2666 diagnostic bronchoscopies at our institution between April 2006 and November 2011. Twice as many patients were enrolled in the control group as in the pneumonia group. The patients were matched for age and sex. In total, 37 patients (1.4%) had post-bronchoscopy pneumonia. Univariate analysis showed that a significantly larger proportion of patients in the pneumonia group had tracheobronchial stenosis (75.7% vs 18.9%, p < 0.01) and a final diagnosis of primary lung cancer (75.7% vs 43.2%, p < 0.01) than in the control group. The pneumonia group tended to have more patients with a history of smoking (83.8% vs 67.1%, p = 0.06) or bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) (4.3% vs 14.9%, p = 0.14) than the control group. In multivariate analysis, we found that tracheobronchial stenosis remained an independent risk factor for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia (odds ratio: 7.8, 95%CI: 2.5–24.2). In conclusion, tracheobronchial stenosis was identified as an independent risk factor for post-bronchoscopy pneumonia by multivariate analysis in this age- and sex- matched case control study.

scholarly journals The incorporation of linoleic acid into the plasma lipids of sheep given intraruminal infusions of maize oil or free linoleic acid

1969 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 709-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. C. Noble ◽  
W. Steele ◽  
J. H Moore
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Cholesteryl Esters ◽  
Absorption Mechanism ◽  
Plasma Triglycerides ◽  
Direct Incorporation ◽  
Maize Oil ◽  
Fatty Acid Compositions

1. The fatty acid compositions of the plasma cholesteryl esters, phospholipids, triglycerides and unesterilied fatty acids were determined in two sheep at various times after they had been given intraruminal infusions of emulsions of maize oil or linoleic acid.2. The concentration of linoleic acid in the plasma triglycerides began to increase 3 h after infusion began. The infusions of maize oil and linoleic acid resulted in the appearance of peak concentrations of linoleic acid in the plasma triglycerides 6 and 12h respectively after infusion began.3. After the infusion of maize oil the plasma triglycerides showed an increasein theconcentration of stearic acid but after the infusion of linoleic acid the plasma triglycerides showed an increase in the concentration of oleic acid.4. The concentration of linoleic acid in the plasma phospholipids and cholesteryl esters did not begin to increase until 6–9 h and 24–25 h respectively after the infusions had begun.5. No evidence was found for an absorption mechanism which involved the direct incorporation of linoleic acid into the blood phospholipids or cholesteryl esters.

scholarly journals Reply to: Hyperuricemia does not seem to be an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. e63-e64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Federica Braga ◽  
Simona Ferraro ◽  
Sara Pasqualetti ◽  
Mauro Panteghini
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Independent Risk Factor

scholarly journals Factors affecting the polyunsaturated fatty acid content of the plasma lipids of sheep

1968 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 681-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Moore ◽  
R. C. Noble ◽  
W. Steele
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Plasma Lipids ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Cholesteryl Esters ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Plasma Triglycerides ◽  
Acid Ratio

1. In Expt 1, four adult wether sheep were given diets of hay or dried grass in an alternating sequence of feeding treatments. Each treatment period lasted for 20 days and blood samples were taken from the sheep on the last day of each period. When the diet of hay (linoleic: linolenic acid ratio 1.40) was replaced by one of dried grass (linoleic: linolenic acid ratio 0.28), there was an increase in the concentration of linolenic acid and a decrease in the concentration of linoleic acid in the plasma cholesteryl esters and phospholipids. There was an increase in the concentration of stearic acid and a decrease in the concentration of palmitic acid in the plasma triglycerides. Dietary change did not affect the composition of the plasma unesterified fatty acids.2. In Expt 2, two adult wether sheep, each with a rumen fistula, were given daily intraruminal infusions of 60 g of ‘linolenic’ or ‘linoleic’ acids (both about 70% pure) over a period of 5 days. The infusion treatments were then reversed. Blood samples were taken at the end of each infusion period. Intraruminal infusions of ‘linolenic’ acid increased the concentration of linolenic acid in the plasma cholesteryl esters and phospholipids and increased the concentration of stearic acid in the plasma triglycerides. The infusions of ‘linoleic’ acid increased the concentration of linoleic acid in the plasma cholesteryl esters and phospholipids. No appreciable changes were observed in the composition of the plasma unesterified fatty acids.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document