scholarly journals Determinants of Rural Out-Migration in Habru District of Northeast Ethiopia

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beneberu Assefa Wondimagegnhu ◽  
Mesfin Eshetu Zeleke
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Scarce Resources ◽  
Northeast Ethiopia ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Nonfarm Employment ◽  
Land Size

Migration has become a cause of concern at the global, regional, and national levels. Like the case of many developing countries, Ethiopia has been facing increasing challenges related to rural out-migration. This study aimed to analyze factors that determine rural communities’ decision to migrate to internal and international destinations in Habru district of Northeast Ethiopia. Stratified sampling technique has been employed to select a total of 200 household heads in three agroecologies of the study area. Structured questionnaires have been used as a principal primary data collection method and logistic regression has been employed for analysis. The results of the study showed that intravillage conflict, absence of relief assistant, livestock ownership, farm land size, access to information, and household and individual characteristics including family size, sex, and age of the migrants are the dominant determinant factors for rural out-migration. Migration can have a positive outcome in improving livelihoods if comprehensive and holistic policies and strategies are in place. There is also a need to strengthen the link between rural development policy and the disadvantaged groups by designing and implementing different livelihood alternatives including reducing pressure on scarce resources particularly land, integrating health and education services, and creating nonfarm employment opportunities.

scholarly journals The Correlation between Discipline and Work Productivity at PT. Bina Megah Indowood

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Devy Syanindita Roshida ◽  
Indriati Paskarini
Keyword(s):  
Work Productivity ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Molding Machine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wood Flooring ◽  
Operational Activities

Introduction: Productive human resources are able to complete the given tasks and responsibilities well. Discipline is the mental attitude at work needed to achieve productivity. Discipline at work creates smooth operational activities of the company. PT. Bina Megah Indowood is a manufacturing company that provides solid wood flooring with various thickness. The present study analyses¬ the correlation between individual characteristics, discipline, and work productivity among molding machine workers of PT. Bina Megah Indowood. Methods: This study was an observational analytic study with a cross sectional approach. Variables in this study were work discipline as an independent variable and productivity as a dependent variable. The population in this study were 58 workers in the molding section, 50 of whom were taken as samples. The sampling technique used was a simple random sampling. Morover, the two types of data used in this study were primary data obtained from questionnaires and secondary data obtained from the company profiles and a summary of production results every month. The technique of data analysis data was a Spearman correlation test. Results: Most workers in the molding machine production unit of PT. Bina Megah Indowood have moderate discipline and moderate work productivity. There is a correlation between discipline and work productivity with ρ-value = 0.020. The contingency coefficient between discipline and work productivity is 0.328, which means the correlation is weak. Conclusion: Higher work productivity is followed higher level of discipline. Meanwhile, individual characteristics have no correlation with work productivity because the distribution resultof individual characteristics is only dominant in one category.Keywords: discipline, individual characteristics, work productivity

scholarly journals Analysis of Household Participation in Urban Agriculture: Empirical Evidence from Urban Households in Kogi State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 23-31
Author(s):  
M. K. Ibrahim ◽  
M. Haruna ◽  
U. M. Shaibu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Agriculture ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Urban Farm ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
Sufficient Food

The study analysed household participation in urban agriculture in Kogi State, Nigeria. It specifically; described the socioeconomic characteristics of the respondents; determined the factors that influence household participation in urban agriculture; and determined the effect of urban agriculture on household income. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 60 respondents each from four purposively selected peri-urban/urban centres in Kogi State: Lokoja (Zone A), Anyigba (Zone B), Okene (Zone C), and Idah (Zone D). Primary data obtained through questionnaire administration were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools. Findings from the study revealed that 61.7% of the respondents were males and a mean age of 43 years was recorded. Married (90%) household heads dominated the respondents with a mean household size of 7 members. Education (β = -0.862), dependent (β = 1.904), marital status (β = 2.544), access to sufficient food (β = -2.495), employment status (β = 1.307) and access to land (β = 0.505) statistically influenced household participation in urban agriculture, while the OLS output indicated that urban farm income (β = 17.539) and non-farm income (β = 848.798) had significant effect on total household income. The study concluded that urban agriculture has the potential of improving the livelihood of urban dwellers. The study therefore recommends the integration of urban agriculture into urban development plan; easy access to land and other production inputs.

PENGARUH KARAKTERISTIK INDIVIDU DAN KOMPETENSI PEGAWAI TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELAYANAN PADA MASYARAKAT (STUDI KASUS PADA KANTOR URUSAN AGAMA KECAMATAN SUNGAI PENUH )

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dwi Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Service Satisfaction ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Employee Competencies ◽  
The Individual

The research is proposed to test the influence of individual characteristics and employee competencies on community service satisfaction. The population in this study was the Sungai Penuh City community who had received the last 1 year service at the Kantor Urusan Agama Kecamatan Sungai Penuh, amounting to 150 people. Furthermore, by using the Slovin formula, a sample size of 110 people was chosen with a sampling technique based on Simple Random Sampling. This study uses primary data and secondary data. Data analysis techniques used are path analysis and hypothesis testing using t test with data analysis using SPSS version 20. The results of the study based on showing that partially the individual characteristics and competence of employees have a positive and significant effect on community service satisfaction. The results also show that employee competency variables act as intervening variables between individual characteristics and community service satisfaction.

Analysis of Causes and Coping Strategies of Food Insecurity: The Case of Central and North Gondar Zone, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
pp. 097300522110352
Author(s):  
Wondim Awoke ◽  
Kefale Eniyew ◽  
Belete Meseret
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Rural Communities ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
And Coping

In Ethiopia, food insecurity is a major problem, which affects the livelihood of rural communities. Hence, this study was conducted in Central and North Gondar Zones with the main aim of analysing causes and coping strategies of food insecurity. Primary data were collected through an interview schedule, key informant interviews and focus group discussions. A total of 500 sample respondents were selected through a systematic sampling technique. Data were analysed through simple descriptive statistics and a chi-square test. Frequently used coping strategies by sample respondents were planting early maturing crop (82.4%), turning to low-quality and cheaper foodstuff (81.2%), changing cropping pattern (78.6%), sale of livestock (75.6%) and purchasing food on cash 75.0%. Sex, educational status, fertiliser utilisation, livelihood diversification and off-farm activities had an association and significant with a food security status of sample respondents at p ≤ 0.01. Furthermore, farmland and on-farm were significantly associated with food security status at 0.01 < p ≤ 0.05 and 0.05 < p ≤ 0.10, respectively. To ensure food security, different organisations that support rural households should be aware of peak food insecurity seasons. Moreover, due attention should be paid to practical-oriented education and training to diversify the household’s livelihood.

scholarly journals Factors influencing households’ vulnerability to desertification in rural communities of Northern Katsina, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olanrewaju Yusuf Yahaya ◽  
Nurudeen Adesola Malik
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Farm Households ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Household Heads

Rural livelihood and economic development in northern Nigeria has been characterised by the devastating effects of desertification. This paper provides an avenue to examine the peculiar factors influencing vulnerability to desertification among farm households of rural communities in desertification prone areas of Katsina State.  Data was collected from both primary and secondary sources. A systematic random sampling technique was employed to select 633 respondents in 18 rural communities from the six local government areas chosen for the study. The research instruments used were questionnaire, key informant interview and focus group discussion. Findings revealed that 93% of the respondents were from male-headed farm households, 71% were above 45 years of age and 80% have no basic primary education. Millet was the most important crop grown and 73% were full time farmers. The main perceived causes of desertification are climate change, deforestation, acts of God and environmental mismanagement. Effects of desertification were manifested in declining crop yields, loss of farmlands as well as the extinction of flora and fauna species. The factors influencing vulnerability of farm households to desertification were the ages of household heads, farming status, size of the households, access to non-farm income, migration and improved seed varieties (p < 0.05). The study, therefore, recommended the need to promote adult education, increase access to improved seed varieties and farm input, encourage livelihood diversification, intensified efforts towards effective management of environmental resources, and the involvement of vulnerable groups in the formulation and implementation of policies aimed at combating desertification.

Analisis Pengaruh Empowerment Karakteristik Individu dan Budaya Kerja Terhadap Kepuasan Kerja (Studi Kasus Karyawan PT BSM Belitung Timur)

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pita Damayanti
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Work Culture ◽  
Quantitative Descriptive

This research was conducted to see the effect of empowerment variables on individual characteristics and work culture on job satisfaction in the case study of PT. BSM East Belitung. In this study using quantitative descriptive methods and primary data using a questionnaire distributed to employees / respondents. The sample was calculated using the Solvin formula, namely 97 respondents. The sampling technique in this research is positive sampling technique. Data obtained from distributing questionnaires which were then processed using SPSS. Analysis of the data in this study using multiple linear regression analysis which shows the results of the study, namely: empowerment of individual characteristics and work culture is significant on job satisfaction.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Infrastructure in Ibadan Metropolis, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-102
Author(s):  
Solomon Olatunji ◽  
Adewale Yoade ◽  
Sesan Adeyemi
Keyword(s):  
Local Government ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Waste Disposal ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Fire Station ◽  
Household Heads

The study examined the quantity and quality of infrastructure in Ibadan, Nigeria with a view to using the information to provide policy guidelines for sustainable infrastructural development. Using stratified sampling technique, a total of fifteen wards from the five local government areas in Ibadan metropolis were selected for study. The selection of all the local government areas is based on the fact that all of them cut across all the residential zones in the metropolis and they all topologically converge at the center of the city. Primary data for the study were sourced through the questionnaire administered on 1,035 respondents (2% of household heads in all the residential buildings in the metropolis), using systematic sampling technique. Descriptive and inferential statistics were employed to analyze the data earned. Findings established that 93.14%, 92.27%, 75.07%, 68.99% and 68.02% of the residents had access to nursery/primary school, market, secondary school and mosque respectively. Moreover, while maternity center was accessed by 66.57%, communication facility was used by 58.16%. Although, library was available and accessed by residents, its usage was the least (5.22%) in the study area. The five facilities that residents were very dissatisfied with were waste disposal facilities, nursery/primary school, security/police post, recreational facilities and transport network. The study revealed that facilities such as water supply, restaurant, dispensary, drainage, electricity supply, waste disposal, and fire station, were insufficiently available in the study area. Thus, the study concluded that infrastructure facilities in Ibadan metropolis were poor.

scholarly journals Stakeholders’ View of Sustainability of Public Water Supply Schemes in a Rural Area: The Case of Muyuka Subdivision, Cameroon

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Finley Mbah ◽  
Rene Nkenyi ◽  
Delvis Fru
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Water System ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Water Systems ◽  
Spare Parts ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Available Water ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Household Heads

Background and Aim: It is certain that without readily available water in sufficient quantity, and free of pathogens, man's progress is tremendously hindered. In Muyuka, Cameroon, though there exist public taps littered “here and there”, the population most often find themselves fetching water from nearby streams raising to surface the question of sustainability of the available water systems which was the aim of this study. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, analytic study targeting household heads and water committee members in the rural communities of Muyuka. Three communities were randomly selected and from each, five quarters were randomly selected. In the quarters, convenience sampling technique was used for the household heads while snowball sampling technique was used to get the water committee members. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used and data analyzed using R. Results: A total of 371 persons participated in the study. The average number of years lived in the community was 22.08 (SD=10.61) and ranged from 10 to 66. Only 13.00% of the participant didn’t see the water system as challenging while 81.5% finds it to be severely problematic. Utilization of water averaged far less than the 50L/person/day and the situation worsened as the household size increased. Close to half (49.6%) of participants did not participate at any stage in the development of the water system. According to the participants, water systems breaks down averagely 3 times in a year and last for about 67 days before being repaired. Water committee members reported difficulties in accessing spare parts and inadequacy in their training.   Conclusion: Frequent breakdown of the water schemes compounded by the unavailability of spare parts and hence delays in repairs, and in expansion, user dissatisfaction and unwillingness to pay their bills; inadequacy in training of water committee members, has resulted in poor sustainability of the water system.

scholarly journals The Interest of Young Agricultural Entrepreneurs (Young Farmers) on Chili Agribusiness in Kabupaten Garut

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-89
Author(s):  
Ait Maryani ◽  
Dedy Kusnadi ◽  
Wida Pradiana
Keyword(s):  
Formal Education ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Study Population ◽  
External Characteristics

The study aims at analyzing the descriptions of the interests of young agricultural entrepreneurs (young farmer) and discovering the factors affecting their interest in chili agribusiness. The study was conducted in Kabupaten Garut from June to November, 2019. This study employs a quantitative approach. In this study, population was 1.376 of young agricultural entrepreneurs (young farmer) aged under 40 in chili production centers. Sample for this study was 233 people obtained by calculating following Slovin. The samples were scattered in sub-district of Banyuresmi (79 people), Wanaraja (72 people) and Cikajang (83 people). Sampling technique employed was proportional random sampling. Primary data were collected from respondents through direct interviews and focus group discussion (FGD). The research variables consisted of individual characteristics, external characteristics, and the interests of young agricultural entrepreneurs (young farmer). The collected data were analyzed by utilizing descriptive statistical analysis and multiple regression. The results of the study concluded show that most of the respondents stated their interest were at a moderate level. The average age of young agricultural entrepreneurs (young farmer) is 31.47 years. The majority are still elementary school educated, and most of them have never been involved in organizations and never joined apprenticeship/courses/training. However, cosmopolitan attitude is in the high category. The interest of young agricultural entrepreneurs (young farmer) is affected by institutional, non-formal education, cosmopolitan and external factors including government support, availability of infrastructure, agricultural extension, easy access to information, community leaders and production markets.

scholarly journals the RURAL ROAD AND MARKETING OF AGRICULTURAL PRODUCE: A CASE STUDY OF KAJOLA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF OYO STATE, NIGERIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 545-551
Author(s):  
Cornelius Idowu Alarima ◽  
Scholastica Ngozi Atata ◽  
Adetayo Kazeem Aromolaran ◽  
Joseph Mubo Awotunde ◽  
Olusola Ayansina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Local Government Area ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Road Transportation ◽  
Agricultural Produce ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Farm Produce ◽  
The Impact

The transport system is fundamental to economic and social development of rural communities. The study examined the impact of road transportation system on the marketing of agricultural produce in Kajola local government area of Oyo state. Multi stage sampling technique was used to select one hundred and sixty (166) rural farmers for the study. Primary data were collected with the use of a pre-tested questionnaire and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results revealed that 72.7% of the respondents were male, 69.5% were married with a mean age of 40.83years. Also, 91.4%, 89.8%, 87.5%, 79.7% and 76.6%, of the respondents produced maize, tomatoes, pepper, yam and cassava respectively while 21.9% produced cucumber. Furthermore, 60.2% of the farmers move their produce from the farm to the market through feeder roads using motorcycles due to the bad state of the roads. Respondents revealed that bad road networks bring about reduced quantity of farm produce leading to higher price. The result of the correlation analysis revealed that road transportation mode is significantly (p<0.05) related (r = 0.317) to the marketing of agricultural produce. The study recommends the renovation of existing roads and construction of more rural feeder roads to link farmlands to the markets.

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