scholarly journals Tuning of Activated Carbon for Solvent-Free Oxidation of Cyclohexane

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sadiq ◽  
Mashooq Khan ◽  
Muhammad Numan ◽  
Razia Aman ◽  
Saddam Hussain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Reaction Parameters ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Free Oxidation

Activated carbon (AC) was prepared from carbonization of phosphoric acid soaked peanut shell at 380°C under inert atmosphere followed by activation with hydrogen peroxide. The AC was characterized by SEM, EDX, FTIR, TGA, and BET surface area and pore size analyzer. The potential of AC as a catalyst for solvent-free oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanol and cyclohexanone (the mixture is known as KA oil) in the presence of molecular oxygen at moderate temperature was investigated in a self-designed double-walled three-necked batch reactor. The effect of different reaction parameters/additive was optimized. The maximum productivity value (2.14 mmolg−1 h−1, without base, and 4.85 mmolg−1 h−1, with 0.2 mmol NaOH) of the desired product was achieved under optimal reaction parameters: vol 12.5 mL, cat 0.4 g, time 14 h, oxygen flow 40 mL/min (pO2 760 Torr), stirring 1100 rpm, and temp 75°C. The AC shows recyclability for multiple runs without any significant loss in activity. Thus, the AC can be an efficient catalyst, due to low cost, ease of synthesis, easy recovery, nonleaching, and recyclability for multiple uses for the solvent-free oxidation of cyclohexane.

Pd/ZrO2: An Efficient Catalyst for Liquid Phase Oxidation of Toluene in Solvent Free Conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsin Siddique ◽  
Muhammad Saeed ◽  
Mohammad Ilyas ◽  
Hussain Gulab
Keyword(s):  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Catalytic Efficiency ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Similar Reaction ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Free Oxidation

Abstract 0.1 % Pd/ZrO2 was synthesized and characterized by various physicochemical techniques and was successfully used as catalyst for solvent free oxidation of toluene in the presence of molecular oxygen using batch reactor. The catalytic performance of Pd/ZrO2 was explored in terms of effect of catalyst loading, reaction time, temperature and partial pressure of oxygen on oxidation of toluene in solvent free conditions. Pd/ZrO2 was found as a stable catalyst under the reaction conditions. Used catalyst exhibited the same catalytic efficiency as fresh catalyst under similar reaction conditions. Reaction was taking place according to Langmuir-Hinshelwood type of mechanism.

Preparation and Characterization of a Novel Room Temperature Dicationic Ionic Liquid and its Application in the Synthesis of Xanthenediones Under Solvent-Free Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (8) ◽  
pp. 602-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zainab Ehsani-Nasab ◽  
Ali Ezabadi
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Acidity Function ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
Hammett Acidity Function ◽  
Dicationic Ionic Liquid

Aim and Objective: In the present work, 1, 1’-sulfinyldiethylammonium bis (hydrogen sulfate) as a novel room temperature dicationic ionic liquid was synthesized and used as a catalyst for xanthenediones synthesis. Material and Method: The dicationic ionic liquid has been synthesized using ethylamine and thionyl chloride as precursors. Then, by the reaction of [(EtNH2)2SO]Cl2 with H2SO4, [(EtNH2)2SO][HSO4]2 was prepared and after that, it was characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR as well as Hammett acidity function. This dicationic ionic liquid was used as a catalyst for the synthesis of xanthenediones via condensation of structurally diverse aldehydes and dimedone under solvent-free conditions. The progress of the reaction was monitored by thin layer chromatography (ethyl acetate/n-hexane = 3/7). Results: An efficient solvent-free method for the synthesis of xanthenediones has been developed in the presence of [(EtNH2)2SO][HSO4]2 as a powerful catalyst with high to excellent yields, and short reaction times. Additionally, recycling studies have demonstrated that the dicationic ionic liquid can be readily recovered and reused at least four times without significant loss of its catalytic activity. Conclusion: This new dicationic ionic liquid can act as a highly efficient catalyst for xanthenediones synthesis under solvent-free conditions.

scholarly journals One-pot three-component tandem annulation of 4-hydroxycoumarine with aldehyde and aromatic amines using graphene oxide as an efficient catalyst

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rabindranath Singha ◽  
Aminul Islam ◽  
Pranab Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Aromatic Amines ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
New Class ◽  
Broad Scope ◽  
Plausible Mechanism

AbstractA convenient and efficient solvent-free, facile, one-pot three-component graphene oxide catalysed approach has been described for the synthesis of chromeno-[4,3-b]quinolin-6-one derivatives from 4-hydroxycoumarin with aldehydes and aromatic amines. Graphene oxide (GO) has proved to be a new class of heterogeneous carbocatalyst which could be easily recovered and reused up to 5th run without significant loss of its catalytic activity. A broad scope of substrate applicability is offered and a plausible mechanism is also suggested for this developed protocol.

Copper Oxide Nanoparticles as a Mild and Efficient Catalyst for N-Arylation of Imidazole and Aniline with Boronic Acids at Room Temperature

Synlett ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 1177-1182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashim Thakur ◽  
Raju Borah ◽  
Prasanta Raul ◽  
Abhijit Mahanta ◽  
Andrey Shchukarev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Area ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Significant Loss ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Ft Ir

The present work describes the excellent catalytic activity of copper(II) oxide nanoparticles (NPs) towards N-arylation of aniline and imidazole at room temperature. The copper(II)oxide NPs were synthesized by a thermal refluxing technique and characterized by FT-IR spectroscopy; powder XRD, SEM, EDX, TEM, TGA, XPS, BET surface area analysis, and particle size analysis. The size of the NPs was found to be around 12 nm having a surface area of 164.180 m2 g–1.The catalytic system was also found to be recyclable and could be reused in subsequent catalytic runs without a significant loss of activity.

Facile Preparation of Activated Carbon from Peanut Shell for Determination of Bisphenol A in Human Urine by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 1439-1445
Author(s):  
Yanpeng Shi ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Ji Shao ◽  
Xiaoyue Shan ◽  
Haipeng Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Peanut Shell ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Fast Extraction

Herein, a facile and low-cost method for the preparation of activated carbon from peanut shell was developed for the first time for the fast extraction and determination of Bisphenol A in human urine. Bisphenol A was separated by EC-C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm, 4 μm) and was detected by VWD, with retention time for qualitative analysis and peak area for quantitation. The parameters, pH values of the urine, adsorbent dose, adsorption time and so on, were optimized to achieve the excellent extraction performance. The detection limit of Bisphenol A in human urine was 1.0 ng · mL−1 (S/N = 3), and the standard curve was linear in the range of 5.0 ng · mL−1˜200.0 ng · mL−1 (r = 0.9993). The average recovery of Bisphenol A was 78.5˜96.2% at three spiked levels in the range of 5.00 ng · mL−1˜200.00 ng·mL−1. The method was proved simple, practical and highly sensitive, which could satisfy the request for the determination of Bisphenol A in human urine.

scholarly journals Al(NO3)3 · 9H2O: An Efficient Catalyst for the One-Pot Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-ones Both under Reflux or Solvent-Free Conditions

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eskandar Kolvari ◽  
Maryam Mirzaeeyan
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Biginelli Reaction ◽  
Acid Catalyst ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Solvent Free Conditions ◽  
The One ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Environmentally Friendly Process

Al(NO3)3 · 9H2O efficiently catalyzes the three-component Biginelli reaction between an aldehyde, aβ-dicarbonyl compound, and urea or thiourea in refluxing ethanol and solvent-free (SF) conditions to afford the corresponding dihydropyrimidinones in high yields. The advantages of this method involve the easy procedure, the environmentally friendly process, and the low cost of the Lewis acid catalyst.

Anchoring of ruthenium onto imine-functionalized zeolite beta: an efficient route for the synthesis of 4H-benzo[b]pyrans and pyrano[c]chromenes

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 1086-1091 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalil Tabatabaeian ◽  
Mohammad Ali Zanjanchi ◽  
Manouchehr Mamaghani ◽  
Ali Dadashi
Keyword(s):  
Significant Loss ◽  
Zeolite Beta ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Reusable Catalyst ◽  
Scanning Electron Micrographs ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Efficient Route ◽  
The One

The synthesis and characterization of a highly efficient and reusable catalyst, ruthenium immobilized in zeolite beta, are reported. The catalyst was characterized by powder X-ray diffraction, BET surface area measurements, scanning electron micrographs, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, inductive coupled plasma, and elemental analysis. The supported material was used as an efficient catalyst for the one-pot three-component synthesis of 4H-benzo[b]pyrans and pyrano[c]chromenes in good yields. The catalyst was separated from the reaction mixture and reused up to five runs without significant loss of activity.

Cesium salts of manganese based lacunary phosphotungstate supported mesoporous silica: An efficient catalyst for solvent free oxidation reaction

2015 ◽  
Vol 59 ◽  
pp. 73-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surjyakanta Rana ◽  
Suresh Maddila ◽  
Ramakanth Pagadala ◽  
K.M. Parida ◽  
Sreekantha B. Jonnalagadda
Keyword(s):  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Oxidation Reaction ◽  
Solvent Free ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Cesium Salts ◽  
Free Oxidation

Combustion-derived CdO nanopowder as a heterogeneous basic catalyst for efficient synthesis of sulfonamides from aromatic amines using p-toluenesulfonyl chloride

2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Belladamadu Anandakumar ◽  
Muthukur Madhusudana Reddy ◽  
Kumarappa Thipperudraiah ◽  
Mohamed Pasha ◽  
Gujjarahalli Chandrappa
Keyword(s):  
Significant Loss ◽  
Area Measurement ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Basic Site ◽  
Solution Combustion ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Efficient Catalyst ◽  
Surface Area Measurement ◽  
First Time

AbstractA simple and rapid synthesis of CdO nanopowder via the solution combustion route employing l-(+)-tartaric acid as a fuel is reported for the first time. The catalyst was characterized by PXRD, SEM, TEM, BET surface area measurement, basic site measurement from back titration and FTIR. Combustion derived CdO nanopowder acts as a catalyst in the sulfonylation of amines with p-toluenesulfonyl chloride to obtain sulfonamides in excellent yield (85–95 %) and high purity under mild reaction conditions. CdO nanopowder has been found to be an efficient catalyst requiring a shorter reaction time (10–30 min) to obtain sulfonamide when compared with the commercial CdO powder requiring 2 h under similar conditions. The catalyst can be recovered and reused four times without any significant loss of catalytic activity. Potential role of CdO nanopowder in the synthesis of sulfonamides and its mechanism is proposed.

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