scholarly journals The Importance of Assessing Nutritional Status to Ensure Optimal Recovery during the Chronic Phase of Stroke

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monica C. Serra
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Psychological Functioning ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Chronic Phase ◽  
Optimal Recovery ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background. Despite evidence that many of the consequences of stroke that hinder recovery (i.e., obesity, muscle atrophy, and functional declines) have nutritionally modifiable behavior components, little attention has been focused on the significance of nutrition beyond the acute phase of stroke.Objective. This literature review summarizes the evidence for and against the influence of nutrition on optimal recovery and rehabilitation in chronic (>6 months) stroke.Results. The literature, which is mainly limited to cross-sectional studies, suggests that a suboptimal nutritional status, including an excess caloric intake, reduced protein intake, and micronutrient deficiencies, particularly the B-vitamins, vitamin D, and omega 3 fatty acids, may have deleterious effects on metabolic, physical, and psychological functioning in chronic stroke survivors.Conclusions. Careful evaluation of dietary intake, especially among those with eating disabilities and preexisting malnutrition, may aid in the identification of individuals at increased nutritional risk through which early intervention may benefit recovery and rehabilitation and prevent further complications after stroke.

scholarly journals Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Their Role in Pediatric Cancer

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1800
Author(s):  
Alexandra Podpeskar ◽  
Roman Crazzolara ◽  
Gabriele Kropshofer ◽  
Benjamin Hetzer ◽  
Bernhard Meister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Pediatric Oncology ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Medical Subject Headings

Background: Malnutrition is common in children with cancer and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes. The need for supportive care is becoming ever more evident and the role of nutrition in oncology is still not sufficiently understood. In particular, the consequences of macro- and micronutrient deficiencies require further research. As epidemiological data suggest anti-tumoral properties of omega-3 (n-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), we reviewed the role of nutrition and n-3 supplementation in pediatric oncology. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted on PubMed through 5 February 2021 to select meta-analyses, systematic reviews, observational studies, and individual randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on macro- and micronutrient supplementation in pediatric oncology. The search strategy included the following medical subject headings (MeSH) and keywords: “childhood cancer”, “pediatric oncology”, “nutritional status”, “malnutrition”, and “omega-3-fatty-acids”. The reference lists of all relevant articles were screened to include potentially pertinent studies. Results: We summarize evidence about the importance of adequate nutrition in childhood cancer and the role of n-3 PUFAs and critically interpret findings. Possible effects of supplementation on the nutritional status and benefits during chemotherapy are discussed as well as strategies for primary and secondary prevention. Conclusion: We here describe the obvious benefits of omega-3 supplementation in childhood cancer. Further large scale clinical trials are required to verify potential anti-cancer effects of n-3 fatty acids.

Omega-3 Levels and Nicotine Dependence: A Cross-Sectional Study and Clinical Trial

2015 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juçara X. Zaparoli ◽  
Eduardo K. Sugawara ◽  
Altay A.L. de Souza ◽  
Sérgio Tufik ◽  
José Carlos F. Galduróz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Nicotine Dependence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid

Background: High oxidative stress, which is caused by smoking, can alter omega-3 fatty acid concentrations. Since omega-3 fatty acids play a role in dopaminergic neurotransmission related to dependence, it is important to understand their effects on nicotine dependence. Methods: This research comprised 2 studies. The first one consisted of a cross-sectional evaluation, in which the levels of the most important omega-3 fatty acids, eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), were compared between smokers and non-smokers in a sample of 171 individuals; of them, 120 were smokers and 51 were non-smokers. The other study was a clinical, double-blind, randomized, placebo controlled, in which 63 smokers received daily treatment with capsules of fish oil (a source of omega-3/3 g/day) or mineral oil (used as placebo, also 3 g/day), taken 3 times a day for 90 days. Each fish oil capsules contained approximately 210.99 mg EPA and 129.84 mg of DHA. The outcome was evaluated by means of psychometric and biological measures as well as self-reports of tobacco use. The evaluations were carried out at the beginning of treatment and once a month thereafter (total of 4 times). Outcomes: The omega-3 fatty acid lipid profile showed that smokers present lower concentrations of DHA. After treatment, the omega-3 group showed a significant reduction in their levels of dependence. Interpretation: Smokers showed lower peripheral levels of omega-3, and treatment with the most important omega-3 fatty acids brought about a reduction in nicotine dependence.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KONSUMSI ASAM LEMAK OMEGA-3, AKTIVITAS FISIK DAN PERSEN LEMAK TUBUH DENGAN TINGKAT DISMENORE PADA REMAJA

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 268
Author(s):  
Famimah Famimah ◽  
Ani Margawati ◽  
Deny Yudi Fitranti
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Numerical Rating Scale ◽  
Percent Body Fat ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Dysmenorrhea or menstrual pain was a gynecological complaint due to an imbalance of progesterone in the blood resulting in pain. A woman with dysmenorrhea should consume food rich in omega-3 fatty acids such as fish oil, fish (salmon, tuna, mackerel, herring), soybeans and fruits. Low fish consumption was related with severity of dysmenorrhea. In addition, physical activity and percent body fat were also associated with severity of dysmenorrhea.Objective : To determine the correlation between consumption of omega-3 fatty acids, physical activity and percent body fat to the classification of dysmenorrhea in adolescents.Methods : Cross sectional study of 90 adolescentsselected by purposive sampling. This research was conducted in SMA N 15 and SMA N 9 Semarang. Menstrual history was measured by direct interviews and level of dysmenorrhea was measured using Numerical Rating Scale Questionnaire. Omega-3 fatty acids were measured using Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ) and analyzed using a nutritional software program. Physical activity was measured using A short questionnaire for the measurement of habitual physical activity in epidemiological studies. Percent body fat was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA). Data were analyzed by Independent T test/Mann Whitney. Result : There were significant correlation in omega-3 fatty acid (p= 0,015), and percent body fat (p= 0,026). While in physical activity there was no significant correlation (p= 0,394).Conclusion : Consumption of omega-3 fatty acids and percent body fat were associated with the classification of dysmenorrhea.

Dietary Supplementation Habits and Perceptions of Supplement Use Among Elite Finnish Athletes

2011 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anni Heikkinen ◽  
Antti Alaranta ◽  
Ilkka Helenius ◽  
Tommi Vasankari
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Nutritional Supplement ◽  
Nutritional Deficiencies ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
National Team ◽  
Supplement Use ◽  
Olympic Athletes ◽  
Study Population

The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of dietary supplement (DS) use among elite Finnish athletes in 2002 and 2009. In 2009, the authors also wanted to examine the reasons for athletes’ DS use, whether athletes feel they have experienced benefits from their supplement use, and whether athletes had had an opportunity to consult dietary specialists. Cross-sectional studies were conducted in 2002 and 2009 among Finnish Olympic athletes. Data were collected using semistructured questionnaires, mainly in national team camps. The study population in 2002 was 446 athletes, and in 2009 it was 372. The number of DS users was high in both study years (81% in 2002 and 73% in 2009). Vitamin D consumption was low in both 2002 and 2009 (0.7% and 2.0%, respectively). An increase was found in consumption of omega-3 fatty acids between study years (11% in 2002 and 19% in 2009; p = .002), and their regular use nearly doubled (8% and 15%, p = .002). For vitamin and mineral users, the main reason for DS use was to prevent nutritional deficiencies, and for nutritional supplement users the main reason was recovery from exercise. Only 27% of all athletes and 30% of DS users had an opportunity to consult dietary specialists in 2009. This survey shows that supplementation rates among elite Finnish athletes are high and there may be over- and underuse of some micronutrient supplements. There is a need for professional nutritional counseling among national elite athletes.

scholarly journals Standardized Phase Angle as a Prognostic and Nutritional Status Tool for Pancreatic Cancer Patients Undergoing Pancreaticoduodenectomy: A Cross-sectional Study (P12-025-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Shengnan Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Postoperative Complications ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Phase Angle ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nrs 2002

Abstract Objectives This study investigated the use of standardized phase angle (SPA), determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), as a nutrition status tool and prognostic factor for complications associated with pancreaticoduodenectomy (PD) in pancreatic cancer patients. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted with 49 participants. All participants were assessed for nutritional risk and nutritional status using Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002), Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) tools, Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) tool and BIA. The Clavien-Dindo classification method for surgical complications was used to identify and classify postoperative complications. Independent-samples T-tests, chi-square tests and Spearman correlation analyses were used to evaluate the association between SPA, nutrition and postoperative complications. Results A total of 49 patients were enrolled, and 20 patients (40%) had postoperative complications. The SPA value for the nourished group was significantly higher than the SPA value for the malnourished group (P = 0.021, 0.019, 0.023). Patients who were below the SPA cut-off values (−1.015, −1.065, and −0.69) were more likely to have postoperative complications (P = 0.009), whereas NRS-2002, SGA, and GLIM scores were not associated with postoperative complications. The SPA value of the group with complications was significantly lower than that of the group without complications (P = 0.004). The SPA threshold value for predicting postoperative complications in pancreatic cancer was −1.095 (AUC 0.737; 95% CI, 0.59, 0.88; P = 0.005). Conclusions The SPA is a prognostic indicator of postoperative complications in pancreatic cancer patients undergoing PD and is an effective tool for assessing nutritional status in pancreatic cancer patients. Funding Sources none. Supporting Tables, Images and/or Graphs

scholarly journals The Nutrition-COVID-19 Interplay: a Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Antwi ◽  
Bernard Appiah ◽  
Busayo Oluwakuse ◽  
Brenda A. Z. Abu
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Nutrition Support ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Double Burden ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose of Review Nutritional status is affected by the COVID-19 pandemic, directly or indirectly. Even with the recent rollout of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines and availability of medicines such as remdesivir, and monoclonal antibodies, host nutritional status is pivotal in the fight against the acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and outcomes. The purpose of this review is to discuss the effects of COVID-19-related lockdown on lifestyle behaviors, and the nutritional consequences, and the direct sequelae of the infection on nutrition including potential nutritional interventions. Recent Findings The COVID-19-related lockdown imposed radical changes in lifestyle behaviors with considerable short-term and long-term health and nutritional consequences including weight gain and obesity and increased cardiometabolic risk, consistently linked to worsened prognosis. The extent of the impact was dependent on food insecurity, overall stress and disordered eating, physical inactivity, and exposure to COVID-19-related nutrition information sources. COVID-19 could directly induce inflammatory responses and poor nutrient intake and absorption leading to undernutrition with micronutrient deficiencies, which impairs immune system function with subsequent amplified risk of infection and disease severity. Nutrition interventions through nutrition support, dietary supplementation, and home remedies such as use of zinc, selenium, vitamin D, and omega-3 fatty acids showed the most significant promise to mitigate the course of COVID-19 infection and improve survival rates. Summary The nutrition-COVID-19 relationship and related dietary changes mimic a vicious cycle of the double burden of malnutrition, both obesity and undernutrition with micronutrient deficiencies, which promote infection, disease progression, and potential death.

scholarly journals Nutritional Profile of Patients with Colorretal Cancer Candidates for Big Surgery (P05-035-19)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Paula Rocha Trotte ◽  
Rosana Oliveira Macedo ◽  
Thaiza Fragoso Nunes ◽  
Danielly Rodrigues Wassita da Rocha ◽  
Maria Eliza De Gouvêa Marti Ferrão
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Nutritional Risk ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutritional Profile ◽  
Funding Sources ◽  
Nrs 2002

Abstract Objectives To identify the nutritional profile of adult and elderly patients with colorectal cancer admitted to a Proctology ward for large elective surgeries. Methods A cross-sectional and retrospective study was performed with 31 patients of both genders, aged 39 to 77 years with colorectal cancer. The nutritional screening parameters used were the percentage of weight loss and Nutrition Risck Screening (NRS 2002). The data (percentage of weight loss and NRS 2002) were collected through a nutritional assessment form completed in the care routine, applied within 72 hours after the patient's hospitalization. Results The study included 13 adults (41.9%) and 18 elderly (58.1%). The evaluation of the percentage of weight loss showed that 7 patients (22.5%) had weight loss greater than 15% in a period of less than or equal to 6 months. In the nutritional risk assessment based on the NRS 2002, we observed that 9 patients (29%) scored 2, while 22 patients (71%) achieved a score equal to or greater than 3. Conclusions The nutritional profile of the evaluated patients showed a considerable prevalence of malnutrition, considering a weight loss of more than 15% in a period of 6 months, which is associated to a decrease in survival in patients with cancer, and is a very relevant data to help in the classification of nutritional status. The classification by the NRS 2002, showed a high prevalence of patients at nutritional or malnourished risk. Variation in the classification of nutritional status using several parameters reinforces the need for them to be used in a complementary way. Funding Sources Hospital Federal dos Servidores do Estado, Ministerio da Saude.

scholarly journals Assessment of Nutritional Intakes in Individuals with Obesity under Medical Supervision. A Cross-Sectional Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (17) ◽  
pp. 3036 ◽  
Author(s):  
Costela Lăcrimioara Șerban ◽  
Alexandra Sima ◽  
Corina Marcela Hogea ◽  
Adela Chiriță-Emandi ◽  
Iulia Teodora Perva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Dietary Recommendations ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical Supervision ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Inadequate Nutrition

People with obesity in Romania are often under medical supervision, which is aimed to decrease body weight and treat accompanying metabolic disorders and cardiovascular implications. However, there is limited information regarding the implementation of dietary recommendations in adults with obesity. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of reaching the recommended intakes of macro- and micro-nutrients in adults with obesity under medical supervision. Individuals with obesity, recruited in the context of a study with a larger scope (NutriGen ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02837367), who were under medical supervision underwent four 24 h recalls in order to assess daily food intakes. Macro- and micro-nutrient intakes were computed, and the prevalence of reaching recommended dietary allowances (RDAs) for each nutrient was calculated. The majority of subjects did not meet the recommended intakes for most nutrients. Energy from fat exceeded the threshold of 35% recommended intake, even in the lowest quartile of energy intake. The micronutrients with less than 5% of individuals reaching the RDAs were vitamin D, vitamin E, fluoride, and omega-3 fatty acids for both males and females, and choline, magnesium, and potassium in females. The burden of inadequate nutrition in individuals with obesity should be acknowledged and properly addressed within efforts to reduce obesity rates and associated disorders.

scholarly journals Effects of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids co-supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers, tumor marker CEA, and nutritional status in patients with colorectal cancer: a study protocol for a double blind randomized controlled trial

Trials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Haidari ◽  
Behnaz Abiri ◽  
Masood Iravani ◽  
Seyed-Mohsen Razavi ◽  
Parvin Sarbakhsh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Tumor Marker ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients

Abstract Background Much evidence is available demonstrating that both vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids block the development and progression of colonic carcinogenesis. The results of animal studies have shown that the consumption of omega-3 fatty acids can decrease inflammatory biomarkers, enhance the efficacy of chemotherapy, and decrease the side effects of chemotherapy or cancer. Also, observational studies propose that higher levels of 25(OH)D are related to improved survival of colorectal cancer patients. This study will aim to evaluate the effects of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids co-supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers, tumor marker CEA, and nutritional status in colorectal cancer patients. Methods/design We will carry out an 8-week double-blind randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial to evaluate the effects of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids co-supplementation on inflammatory biomarkers, tumor marker CEA, and nutritional status in patients with stage ӀӀ or ӀӀӀ colorectal cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Discussion Because of the important effects of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids on molecular pathways involved in cancer development and progression, it seems that both vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids may provide a new adjuvant therapy by decreasing inflammatory biomarkers and resistance to cancer treatment in patients with colorectal cancer. Trial registration Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT20180306038979N1. Registered on 16 March 2018.

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