scholarly journals A Heuristic Evolutionary Algorithm of UAV Path Planning

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhangjie Fu ◽  
Jingnan Yu ◽  
Guowu Xie ◽  
Yiming Chen ◽  
Yuanhang Mao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Evolutionary Algorithm ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Intelligent Robot ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Intelligent Robots ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
The Cost

With the rapid development of the network and the informatization of society, how to improve the accuracy of information is an urgent problem to be solved. The existing method is to use an intelligent robot to carry sensors to collect data and transmit the data to the server in real time. Many intelligent robots have emerged in life; the UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) is one of them. With the popularization of UAV applications, the security of UAV has also been exposed. In addition to some human factors, there is a major factor in the UAV’s endurance. UAVs will face a problem of short battery life when performing flying missions. In order to solve this problem, the existing method is to plan the path of UAV flight. In order to find the optimal path for a UAV flight, we propose three cost functions: path security cost, length cost, and smoothness cost. The path security cost is used to determine whether the path is feasible; the length cost and smoothness cost of the path directly affect the cost of the energy consumption of the UAV flight. We proposed a heuristic evolutionary algorithm that designed several evolutionary operations: substitution operations, crossover operations, mutation operations, length operations, and smoothness operations. Through these operations to enhance our build path effect. Under the analysis of experimental results, we proved that our solution is feasible.

scholarly journals E2PP: An Energy-Efficient Path Planning Method for UAV-Assisted Data Collection

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Xiang Ji ◽  
Xianjia Meng ◽  
Anwen Wang ◽  
Qingyi Hua ◽  
Fuwei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Path Planning ◽  
Greedy Algorithm ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Optimal Path ◽  
Planning Method ◽  
Estimation Model ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
The Relationship

Using an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to collect data from wireless sensor networks deployed in the field, one of the key tasks is to plan the path for the collection so as to minimize the energy consumption of the UAV. At present, most of the existing methods generally take the shortest flight distance as the optimal objective to plan the optimal path. They simply believe that the shortest path means the least energy consumption of the UAV and ignore the fact that changing direction (heading) can also consume the UAV’s energy in its flight. If the path can be planned based on the UAV’s energy consumption closer to the real situation, the energy consumption of the UAV can be really reduced and its working energy efficiency can be improved. Therefore, this paper proposes a path planning method for UAV-assisted data collection, which can plan an energy-efficient flight path. Firstly, by analyzing the experiment data, we, respectively, model the relationship between the angle of heading change and the energy consumption of the UAV and the relationship between the distance of straight flight and the energy consumption of the UAV. Then, an energy consumption estimation model based on distance and the angle of heading change (ECEMBDA) is put up. By using this model, we can estimate or predict the energy consumption of a UAV to fly from one point (or node) to another (including the start point). Finally, the greedy algorithm is used to plan the path for UAV-assisted data collection according to the above estimated energy consumption. Through simulation and experiments, we compare our proposed method with the conventional method based on pure distance index and greedy algorithm. The results show that this method can obtain data collection path with lower energy consumption and smoother path trajectory, which is more suitable for actual flight.

scholarly journals Problems and Countermeasures in the Budget Cost Control of Decoration Engineering

2021 ◽  
Vol 248 ◽  
pp. 03026
Author(s):  
Yujia
Keyword(s):  
Cost Control ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Urgent Problem ◽  
Project Cost ◽  
Budget Analysis ◽  
Budget Control ◽  
Great Progress ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Made In ◽  
China’S Economy

With the rapid development of China's economy and technology, great progress has been made in all fields. Especially in the field of decoration engineering, great breakthroughs have also been made. The strength of enterprises continues to increase, and the gap between enterprises continues to narrow. In this context, how to strengthen the cost control of decoration enterprises and continuously improve their own strength has become an urgent problem. Based on this, this article carried out the budget analysis of the decoration project and analyzed the problems existing in the enterprise cost budget control. Finally, this paper proposes a series of measures such as unifying the cost budget specifications, continuously improving the project cost budget control system, and strengthening the project cost budget monitoring.

scholarly journals Design of bio-inspired binocular UAV detection system based on improved STC algorithm of scale transformation and occlusion detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 175682932110048
Author(s):  
Huajun Song ◽  
Yanqi Wu ◽  
Guangbing Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Scale Transformation ◽  
Hardware System ◽  
Time Requirements ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Small Targets ◽  
Vision Detection

With the rapid development of drones, many problems have arisen, such as invasion of privacy and endangering security. Inspired by biology, in order to achieve effective detection and robust tracking of small targets such as unmanned aerial vehicles, a binocular vision detection system is designed. The system is composed of long focus and wide-angle dual cameras, servo pan tilt, and dual processors for detecting and identifying targets. In view of the shortcomings of spatio-temporal context target tracking algorithm that cannot adapt to scale transformation and easy to track failure in complex scenes, the scale filter and loss criterion are introduced to make an improvement. Qualitative and quantitative experiments show that the designed system can adapt to the scale changes and partial occlusion conditions in the detection, and meets the real-time requirements. The hardware system and algorithm both have reference value for the application of anti-unmanned aerial vehicle systems.

scholarly journals An Intelligent Task Scheduling Mechanism for Autonomous Vehicles via Deep Learning

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 1788
Author(s):  
Gomatheeshwari Balasekaran ◽  
Selvakumar Jayakumar ◽  
Rocío Pérez de Prado
Keyword(s):  
Execution Time ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Task Management ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Self Driving Cars

With the rapid development of the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence, autonomous vehicles have received much attention in recent years. Safe driving is one of the essential concerns of self-driving cars. The main problem in providing better safe driving requires an efficient inference system for real-time task management and autonomous control. Due to limited battery life and computing power, reducing execution time and resource consumption can be a daunting process. This paper addressed these challenges and developed an intelligent task management system for IoT-based autonomous vehicles. For each task processing, a supervised resource predictor is invoked for optimal hardware cluster selection. Tasks are executed based on the earliest hyper period first (EHF) scheduler to achieve optimal task error rate and schedule length performance. The single-layer feedforward neural network (SLFN) and lightweight learning approaches are designed to distribute each task to the appropriate processor based on their emergency and CPU utilization. We developed this intelligent task management module in python and experimentally tested it on multicore SoCs (Odroid Xu4 and NVIDIA Jetson embedded platforms).Connected Autonomous Vehicles (CAV) and Internet of Medical Things (IoMT) benchmarks are used for training and testing purposes. The proposed modules are validated by observing the task miss rate, resource utilization, and energy consumption metrics compared with state-of-art heuristics. SLFN-EHF task scheduler achieved better results in an average of 98% accuracy, and in an average of 20–27% reduced in execution time and 32–45% in task miss rate metric than conventional methods.

scholarly journals A low-cost wireless endoscope camera: a preliminary report

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. Lazarus ◽  
M. Ncube
Keyword(s):  
Minimally Invasive Surgery ◽  
Minimally Invasive ◽  
Video Transmission ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Battery Life ◽  
Resource Constrained ◽  
High Definition ◽  
Industry Standard ◽  
Constrained Environments ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Background Technology currently used for surgical endoscopy was developed and is manufactured in high-income economies. The cost of this equipment makes technology transfer to resource constrained environments difficult. We aimed to design an affordable wireless endoscope to aid visualisation during rigid endoscopy and minimally invasive surgery (MIS). The initial prototype aimed to replicate a 4-mm lens used in rigid cystoscopy. Methods Focus was placed on using open-source resources to develop the wireless endoscope to significantly lower the cost and make the device accessible for resource-constrained settings. An off the shelf miniature single-board computer module was used because of its low cost (US$10) and its ability to handle high-definition (720p) video. Open-source Linux software made monitor mode (“hotspot”) wireless video transmission possible. A 1280 × 720 pixel high-definition tube camera was used to generate the video signal. Video is transmitted to a standard laptop computer for display. Bench testing included latency of wireless digital video transmission. Comparison to industry standard wired cameras was made including weight and cost. The battery life was also assessed. Results In comparison with industry standard cystoscope lens, wired camera, video processing unit and light source, the prototype costs substantially less. (US$ 230 vs 28 000). The prototype is light weight (184 g), has no cables tethering and has acceptable battery life (of over 2 h, using a 1200 mAh battery). The camera transmits video wirelessly in near real time with only imperceptible latency of < 200 ms. Image quality is high definition at 30 frames per second. Colour rendering is good, and white balancing is possible. Limitations include the lack of a zoom. Conclusion The novel wireless endoscope camera described here offers equivalent high-definition video at a markedly reduced cost to contemporary industry wired units and could contribute to making minimally invasive surgery possible in resource-constrained environments.

scholarly journals Dynamical Analysis and Optimal Control for a SEIR Model Based on Virus Mutation in WSNs

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 929
Author(s):  
Guiyun Liu ◽  
Jieyong Chen ◽  
Zhongwei Liang ◽  
Zhimin Peng ◽  
Junqiang Li
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Control ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Hamiltonian Function ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Dynamical Analysis ◽  
Optimal Control Strategy ◽  
Epidemic Dynamics ◽  
Optimization Control ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Pontryagin Maximum Principle

With the rapid development of science and technology, the application of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is more and more widely. It has been widely concerned by scholars. Viruses are one of the main threats to WSNs. In this paper, based on the principle of epidemic dynamics, we build a SEIR propagation model with the mutated virus in WSNs, where E nodes are infectious and cannot be repaired to S nodes or R nodes. Subsequently, the basic reproduction number R0, the local stability and global stability of the system are analyzed. The cost function and Hamiltonian function are constructed by taking the repair ratio of infected nodes and the repair ratio of mutated infected nodes as optimization control variables. Based on the Pontryagin maximum principle, an optimal control strategy is designed to effectively control the spread of the virus and minimize the total cost. The simulation results show that the model has a guiding significance to curb the spread of mutated virus in WSNs.

scholarly journals A Flow Analysis Using a Water Tunnel of an Innovative Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 5772
Author(s):  
Dawid Lis ◽  
Adam Januszko ◽  
Tadeusz Dobrocinski
Keyword(s):  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Lift Coefficient ◽  
Flow Analysis ◽  
Water Tunnel ◽  
Dual Use ◽  
Aerial Vehicles ◽  
Aerial Vehicle ◽  
Technical Construction

The purpose of this article is to present and discuss the results of a non-standard unnamed aerial vehicle construction with a constant cross-section square-shaped avionic profile. Based on the model’s in-air observed maneuverability, the research of avionic construction behavior was carried out in a water tunnel. The results show the model’s specific lift capabilities in comparison to classical avionic constructions. The characteristic results of the lift coefficient showed that the unmanned aerial vehicle presents favorable features than classic avionic constructions. The model was created with the prospect of using it in the future for dual-use purposes, where unmanned aerial vehicles are currently experiencing very rapid development. When creating the prototype, the focus was on low production cost, as well as convenience in operation. The development of this type of breakthrough avionic solution, which shows extraordinary maneuverability, may contribute to increasing the popularity and, above all, the availability of unmanned aerial vehicles for the largest possible group of recipients because of high avionic properties in relation to the technical construction complexity.

scholarly journals Foundation Piles—A New Feature for Concrete 3D Printers

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2545
Author(s):  
Marcin Hoffmann ◽  
Krzysztof Żarkiewicz ◽  
Adam Zieliński ◽  
Szymon Skibicki ◽  
Łukasz Marchewka
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Shallow Foundation ◽  
Soil Reinforcement ◽  
3D Printer ◽  
Permanent Formwork ◽  
3D Printers ◽  
New Feature ◽  
The Cost

Foundation piles that are made by concrete 3D printers constitute a new alternative way of founding buildings constructed using incremental technology. We are currently observing very rapid development of incremental technology for the construction industry. The systems that are used for 3D printing with the application of construction materials make it possible to form permanent formwork for strip foundations, construct load-bearing walls and partition walls, and prefabricate elements, such as stairs, lintels, and ceilings. 3D printing systems do not offer soil reinforcement by making piles. The paper presents the possibility of making concrete foundation piles in laboratory conditions using a concrete 3D printer. The paper shows the tools and procedure for pile pumping. An experiment for measuring pile bearing capacity is described and an example of a pile deployment model under a foundation is described. The results of the tests and analytical calculations have shown that the displacement piles demonstrate less settlement when compared to the analysed shallow foundation. The authors indicate that it is possible to replace the shallow foundation with a series of piles combined with a printed wall without locally widening it. This type of foundation can be used for the foundation of low-rise buildings, such as detached houses. Estimated calculations have shown that the possibility of making foundation piles by a 3D printer will reduce the cost of making foundations by shortening the time of execution of works and reducing the consumption of construction materials.

scholarly journals Solar Module Integrated Converters as Power Generator in Small Spacecrafts: Design and Verification Approach

Aerospace ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesus Gonzalez-Llorente ◽  
Aleksander A. Lidtke ◽  
Ken Hatanaka ◽  
Ryo Kawauchi ◽  
Kei-Ichi Okuyama
Keyword(s):  
Failure Rate ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Solar Array ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Solar Module ◽  
Small Satellites ◽  
Frequent Failure ◽  
Verification Process ◽  
The Cost

As small satellites are becoming more widespread for new businesses and applications, the development time, failure rate and cost of the spacecraft must be reduced. One of the systems with the highest cost and the most frequent failure in the satellite is the Electrical Power System (EPS). One approach to achieve rapid development times while reducing the cost and failure rate is using scalable modules. We propose a solar module integrated converter (SMIC) and its verification process as a key component for power generation in EPS. SMIC integrates the solar array, its regulators and the telemetry acquisition unit. This paper details the design and verification process of the SMIC and presents the in-orbit results of 12 SMICs used in Ten-Koh satellite, which was developed in less than 1.5 years. The in-orbit data received since the launch reveal that solar module withstands not only the launching environment of H-IIA rocket but also more than 1500 orbits in LEO. The modular approach allowed the design, implementation and qualification of only one module, followed by manufacturing and integration of 12 subsequent flight units. The approach with the solar module can be followed in other components of the EPS such as battery and power regulators.

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