scholarly journals Antenna Analytical Representation by a Two-Port Network

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Peter L. Tokarsky
Keyword(s):  
System Analysis ◽  
Wireless Systems ◽  
Wireless System ◽  
Fundamental Parameters ◽  
Common System ◽  
Single Antenna ◽  
Black Boxes ◽  
Scattering Matrices ◽  
The Common ◽  
System Of Parameters

System analysis is a powerful tool for researching modern wireless systems. This includes breaking such systems into parts that make them up and studying how these parts work together. All these parts can be represented as “black boxes” in the form of two-port or multiport networks with the common system of parameters. Antenna is an integral part of any wireless system, so it should be also represented as a two-port network. In this paper, an analytical model of an arbitrary single antenna in the form of a two-port network, whose electrical and noise parameters are described in terms of scattering matrices, is obtained. The initial data for creating the model are the antenna fundamental parameters, viz., the input reflection coefficient and the radiation efficiency. Applications of this model for antenna analysis operating in the transmitting, receiving, and scattering modes are demonstrated. A numerical example using the antenna scattering matrix for computer simulation of a wireless connection is given.

Common Market of Goods, Services, Capital, and Labor in the EAEU

2020 ◽  
pp. 94-116
Author(s):  
Vera Ozhigina
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Common Market ◽  
Budget Management ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
National Regulation ◽  
Common System ◽  
The Common ◽  
Regulatory Convergence ◽  
Benefits And Costs

The chapter examines the stages preceding creation of the common market of goods, services, capital, and labor within the EAEU, evaluates effects and proposes directions of improvement, considering the world experience. Attention is given not only to negative integration (elimination of barriers), but also to positive (signing of agreements, creation of institutions, mechanisms for cooperation, budget management and joint projects). The production cooperation, joint research, and digital economy are also considered. Based on the methodology of system analysis and integration design, the author identified problems of the EAEU common market and proposed aspects for improvement: deepening of negative integration and regulatory convergence; increasing positive integration; combination of integration with development; creation of the common system of protection; redistribution of benefits and costs; strengthening of supra-national regulation; improvement of statistics and monitoring; increasing of budget, stimulating innovations, structural changes, sustainable development and inclusive growth.

A Wireless Sensor Network Innovative Architecture for Ambient Vibrations Structural Monitoring

2014 ◽  
Vol 628 ◽  
pp. 218-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konstantinos Oikonomou ◽  
George Koufoudakis ◽  
Eleni Kavvadia ◽  
Vassilios Chrissikopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Network ◽  
Sensor Network ◽  
Network Architecture ◽  
Wireless Systems ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Structural Monitoring ◽  
Ambient Vibrations ◽  
Historical Buildings ◽  
Wireless System ◽  
Monitoring Technologies

Wireless sensor networks can be beneficial for monitoring ambient vibrations in historical buildings where the installation of traditionally wired system may be either difficult due to wiring difficulties or forbidden due to prohibitive legislation. In this paper, a novel wireless sensor network architecture is presented that is focusing on efficiently monitoring ambient vibrations in historical buildings. Traditional wired monitoring technologies are often difficult to be installed in historical buildings either to high costs for installing the wires or to prohibitive legislations. Employing a wireless system could be beneficial. However, as there is no wireless system of high resolution available in the market, an innovative network architecture is proposed that efficiently combines the benefits of both the wired and wireless systems. The problem of synchronization that this novel architecture introduces, is also discussed in this paper along with a possible solution.

Area Navigation in the Common System

1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert W. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Common System ◽  
The Common

scholarly journals Problems of Professional Training of Youth Liaison Officers for the Russian Federation Law Enforcement Agencies

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 466-469
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Common System ◽  
Legal Nature ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Common ◽  
Legal Pressure

Pursuant to the effective laws, the Russian Federation has a functioning system for prevention of minors neglect and delinquency. This system comprises both a number of measures of organizational and legal nature aimed at creation of conditions for the normal physical, mental and moral development of children and teenagers and elimination of conditions promoting minors involvement in sociopathic and unlawful activities, and a combination of various government bodies and institutions of general and special competence implementing these actions. For instance, healthcare bodies, education agencies, authorities for social protection of the population, and many others have their own competence in this area. Police plays special role in the common system for prevention of minors neglect and delinquency. Specialized youth liaison police units are created, the competencies of which include working with teenagers involved in sociopathic activities, as well as identification and elimination of causes and conditions facilitating such activities, including legal pressure on persons infringing rights and lawful interests of minors, committing offenses against minors, or involving them in unlawful activities.

scholarly journals MEMS-BASED OSCILLATORS: A REVIEW

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamilah Karim ◽  
A. H. M. Zahirul Alam ◽  
Anis Nurashikin Nordin
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Wireless Systems ◽  
Wireless Communication Systems ◽  
Reference Frequency ◽  
Wireless System ◽  
Circuit Topology ◽  
Fully Integrated ◽  
Mems Technology ◽  
Accuracy And Stability

ABSTRACT: This paper presents an overview of microelectromechanical (MEMS) based oscillators. The accuracy and stability of the reference frequency will normally limit the performance of most wireless communication systems. MEMS technology is the technology of choice due to its compatibility to silicon, leading to integration with circuits and lowering power consumption. MEMS based oscillators also provide the potential of a fully integrated transceiver. The most commonly used topology for MEMS based oscillators are pierce oscillator circuit topology and TIA circuit topology. Both topologies result in very competitive output in terms of phase noise and power consumption.  They can be used for either higher or lower Rx. The major difference between both topologies is the number of transistors used. TIA circuit used more number of transistor compare to pierce circuit. Thus design complexity of the TIA is higher. Pierce circuit is simpler, provide straightforward biasing and easier to design. The highly integratable of MEMS-based oscillators have made them much needed in future multiband wireless system. So that future wireless systems are able to function globally without any problem. ABSTRAK: Kertas kerja ini membentangkan gambaran keseluruhan mikroelektromekanikal (MEMS) berdasarkan pengayun.  Ketepatan dan kestabilan frekuensi rujukan sering membataskan perlaksanaan kebanyakan sistem komunikasi tanpa wayar. Teknologi MEMS merupakan teknologi pilihan memandangkan ia serasi dengan silikon; membolehkan integrasi dengan litar dan penggunaan tenaga yang rendah.  Pengayun berdasarkan MEMS juga  berpotensi sebagai integrasi penuh penghantar-terima. Topologi yang sering digunakan untuk pengayun berdasarkan MEMS adalah topologi litar pengayun pencantas dan topologi litar TIA.  Keputusan bagi kedua-dua topologi adalah amat kompetitif dari segi fasa bunyi dan penggunaan tenaga. Ia boleh digunakan untuk meninggikan atau merendahkan Rx. Perbezaan utama di antara kedua-dua topologi adalah bilangan transistor yang digunakan. Litar TIA menggunakan bilangan transistor yang lebih daripada litar pencantas.  Maka, rekaan TIA adalah lebih rumit.  Litar pencantas adalah lebih ringkas, memberikan pincangan yang jelas dan rekabentuk yang mudah. Pengayun berdasarkan MEMS amat bersepadu menjadikan ia sesuai sebagai sistem tanpa wayar berbilang jalur masa depan.  Jesteru sistem tanpa wayar dapat berfungsi pada peringkat global tanpa sebarang kesulitan.

scholarly journals Status of Geriatric Patients with Abdominal Pain Presented To Emergency Department

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-96
Author(s):  
Daya Ram Lamsal ◽  
Jeetendra Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Medical Officer ◽  
Common System ◽  
Life Expectancy At Birth ◽  
Chief Complaints ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Common

Background: As the development of better health facilities with advanced tools for diagnosis and management our country is not away from global trend. Nepal’s life expectancy at birth is increasing at its pace, it has in­creased in about 30 years in last 4 decades. Among the various problem presenting to ED abdominal pain is one of the common complain elderly patients are greater risk of missing life-threatening causes during evalua­tion and investigation. The aim of the study wasEdit to identify the frequency, cause and outcome of patient presenting in Emergency department with abdominal pain. Methods: It is a retrospective study conducted in tertiary care center at Chitwan, Nepal during the period from 01/09/2017 to 30/08/2018. Elec­tronic data entered by medical officer were retrieved and analyzed. Statis­tical analysis of the record was done using SPSS 16 software. Results: Elderly population who presented with chief complaints of ab­dominal pain was 1160 (21.79%). Among the patient presented with ab­dominal pain 605(52.2%) were male and 555(47.8%) were female. Mean age of patients was 71.72±8.50 years. Most common system involved was gastrointestinal and biliary problem 730(62.93%). Most common diagno­sis was Urinary tract infection 269 (23.2%) among them, 487(41.98%) re­quired hospital admission. Conclusions: Abdominal pain is one of the common presentations of el­derly to emergency department. Disorders of Gastrointestinal and biliary system were among leading causes of emergency visit. Emergency phy­sician should be tactful to identify life threatening conditions and emer­gency management.

scholarly journals Standardization of Propagation Models for Terrestrial Cellular Systems: A Historical Perspective

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harsh Tataria ◽  
Katsuyuki Haneda ◽  
Andreas F. Molisch ◽  
Mansoor Shafi ◽  
Fredrik Tufvesson
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Communications ◽  
Wireless Systems ◽  
Cellular Systems ◽  
Propagation Model ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Propagation Models ◽  
The Third ◽  
Single Antenna ◽  
Deterministic Modelling ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Propagation models constitute a fundamental building block of wireless communications research. Before we build and operate real systems, we must understand the science of radio propagation, and develop channel models that both reflect the important propagation processes and allow a fair comparison of different systems. In the past five decades, wireless systems have gone through five generations, from supporting voice applications to enhanced mobile broadband. To meet the ever increasing data rate demands of wireless systems, frequency bands covering a wide range from 800 MHz to 100 GHz have been allocated for use. The standardization of these systems started in the early/mid 1980s in Europe by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute with the advent of Global System for Mobile Communications. This motivated the development of the first standardized propagation model by the European Cooperation in Science and Technology (COST) 207 working group. These standardization activities were continued and expanded for the third, fourth, and fifth generations of COST, as well as by the Third Generation Partnership Project, and the International Telecommnunication Union. This paper presents a historical overview of the standardized propagation models covering first to fifth-generation systems. In particular, we discuss the evolution and standardization of pathloss models, as well as large and small-scale fading parameters for single antenna and multiple antenna systems. Furthermore, we present insights into the progress of deterministic modelling across the five generations of systems, as well as discuss more advanced modelling components needed for the detailed simulations of millimeter-wave channels. A comprehensive bibliography at the end of the paper will aid the interested reader to dig deeper.

The Contrast between the Models’ in PSD-BPA and those in PSASP

2012 ◽  
Vol 614-615 ◽  
pp. 1055-1064
Author(s):  
Chang You Yan ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Jing Jing Lu
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Flow ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Power Flow Calculation ◽  
Power System Analysis ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Problems ◽  
The Difference

Both PSD-BPA and PSASP are all important power system analysis tools. The aim in this paper is the models’ contrast and studing the difference between PSD-BPA and PSASP. First by the models contrast, the experience will be summed up. The method of model contrast is to deduce the transfer functions in order to find the differences of transfer functions between PSD-BPA and PSASP, so as to analyze the difference. After the research work, the discussion and study on the common problems will be taken and the rational advice will be put forward in the power flow calculation. The common problems in the transient calculation will be expounded, and the result will be tabled in order that these contents are obvious at a glance. At last the conclusion will be brought forward and some pieces of advice will be summed up.

scholarly journals On General Properties of Degenerate Systems of Second Order Partial Differential Equations of Hypergeometric Type

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1024-1043
Author(s):  
Akkenzhe Issenova ◽  
Zhaksylyk Tasmambetov ◽  
Nusrat Rajabov
Keyword(s):  
Irregular Singularity ◽  
Regular Solutions ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Common System ◽  
General Properties ◽  
Simple Rules ◽  
Full Study ◽  
Hypergeometric Type ◽  
The Common ◽  
First Time

For the first time, the general properties of degenerate related hypergeometric systems such as Horn, Whittaker, Bessel and Laguerre are investigated together. The joint research allowed to reveal their various common properties and to establish a number of new degenerate related systems. They are all private cases of the common system offered by the authors for consideration. For the full study, it is important to classify its regular and irregular special curves and to identify the types of corresponding solutions. In this paper, they are implemented using simple rules. Special attention is paid to the construction of normal and regular solutions, because the solutions of all related degenerate systems such as Horn, Whittaker, Bessel and Laguerre near the irregular singularity on infinity relate to this species. Peculiarities of building normal-regular solutions by the Frobenius-Latysheva method are shown. All constructed normal-regular solutions are expressed through the function of Humbert  variables, which is the solution of degenerate hypergeometric system of Horn type. As an example, the cases  where, along with the application of the Frobenius-Latysheva method, the possibility of outputting new degenerate related systems is demonstrated.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review on Multiband Reconfigurable Antenna

2021 ◽  
pp. 377-388
Author(s):  
Preeti Rani ◽  
◽  
Tejbir Singh ◽  
Meenu Kaushik ◽  
Vishant Gahlaut
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Communication ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Wireless System ◽  
The Past ◽  
Multiband Antennas ◽  
Single Antenna ◽  
Interference Level ◽  
System A ◽  
New Generation

The advancement of wireless communication is markedly accountable from the past two decades. A variety of designs and techniques have been established in the domain of reconfigurable multiband antennas for different wireless services. Now a days, a high quality of communication with reduced size is required for new generation wireless system. A multiband reconfigurable functionality offers a flexible and high-performance design by single antenna only. A brief review on multiband antenna with different reconfigurable techniques is presented in this paper. Moreover, the new possibilities for future wireless communication system have been demonstrated. A reconfigurable system along with minimal interference level over the fixed or non-reconfigurable transceivers has been discussed in detail.

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