scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Preventive Practices towards Sexually Transmitted Infections among Preparatory School Students in West Gojjam Zone, Ethiopia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Ayalnesh Asmamaw Kassie ◽  
Temesgen Worku Gudayu ◽  
Bilen Mekonnen Araya

Background. Sexually transmitted infections are major public health concerns that mostly affect adolescents and young people. Hence, the aim of this study was to assess students’ knowledge, attitude, and preventive practice towards sexually transmitted infections and the associated factors. Methods. A school-based cross-sectional study was conducted from October 24 to November 4, 2018. A sample size of 845 was calculated and a 1-stage sampling technique was employed. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire. The data were entered into Epi-Info 7.2 and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25 software. The descriptive result was presented in text, figure, and tables. Also, bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were done to identify associated factors. Then the adjusted odds ratio and its 95% confidence interval were computed. And a p value of <0.05 was considered to assert statistical significance. Results. Half of the respondents (50.5%) had good knowledge on sexually transmitted infections. Also, 46.4% of students had a good preventive practice. However, only 38.4% of students had an appropriate attitude towards sexually transmitted infections. Being a male (AOR: 1.58 (95% CI: (1.19, 2.09)) and having employed father (AOR: 1.97 (95% CI: (1.18, 3.30)) predicted good knowledge. Similarly, secondary and above level of paternal education (AOR: 2.16 (95% CI: (1.28, 3.64)) and having a farmer father (AOR: 1.77 (95% CI: (1.04, 3.02)) predicted appropriate attitude. Predictors of preventive practices included elder age (AOR: 2.33 (95% CI: (1.27, 4.28)), never had sexual intercourse (AOR: 1.44 (95% CI: (1.07, 1.94)), and having good knowledge on STIs (AOR: 1.53 (95% CI: (1.16, 2.02)). Conclusion. The proportion of students that had good knowledge, appropriate attitude, and good preventive practice towards STIs were low. Personal and parental factors predicted students’ knowledge, attitude, and preventive practices. Hence, creating awareness need to be strengthened.

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-63
Author(s):  
Nik Nor Ronaidi bin Nik Mahdi ◽  
Aniza binti Abd Aziz ◽  
Rahmah binti Mohd. Amin ◽  
Intan Suhana Munira binti Mat Azmi

Secondhand smoke (SHS) carries many health risks and is associated with diseases and premature deaths among nonsmoking adults and children.  Despite many health promotions and legislative measures executed by the government to protect the public from SHS, the prevalence of SHS exposure is still high.  Personal appropriate practices to avoid exposure are crucial especially at home or private area. Therefore, the current study focused on describing individual preventive practices on SHS and determining its associated factors. A cross sectional study was conducted among 250 adults in a village, Kuala Terengganu. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaires.  Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the association between all independent variables and the SHS preventive practice status. The prevalence of SHS exposure was 66.0%.  Majority of the respondents (77.2%) has good knowledge on SHS.  Nevertheless, despite having good knowledge, a large proportion of them showed poor attitude toward SHS (77.6%) and poor preventive practices (61.2%).  Poor preventive practices on SHS were significantly associated with being older (OR­adj: 1.0206, 95% CI: 1.0004, 1.0412), female (OR­adj: 2.0644, 95% CI: 1.0753, 3.9635), smoker (OR­adj: 12.1107, 95% CI: 4.0630, 36.0991), not having existing tobacco-related morbidity (OR­adj: 3.6795, 95% CI: 1.1795, 11.4786), and poor attitude towards SHS (OR­adj: 4.1871, 95% CI: 2.0955, 8.3665). The preventive practices of SHS among the villagers were poor despite showing acceptable level of knowledge.  Hence, health awareness on the potential impact of SHS to the public as well as instilling appropriate behavior for them to avoid SHS and educate smokers need to be emphasized.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adane Tesfaye ◽  
Banchiwosen Asefa ◽  
Girum Gebremeskel ◽  
Asefa Washo ◽  
Temesgen Muche

Abstract Introduction:Covid 19 pandemic can seriously affect African nations because of the weak health care system, crowding, poor hygiene in the cities, and the random mobility of people. Hospital-based interventions are not a good choice for resource-scarce countries which have shortages of hospital beds, ventilators, and oxygen; rather practicing preventive measures at a community level is the best strategy. There is a shortage of evidence about current public adherence with COVID-19 preventive strategies in Ethiopia, therefore this study helps to target health education messages to groups of populations with poor compliance to specific prevention measures, which also contribute to decreasing the magnitude and duration of the pandemic.Methods:A Community based cross-sectional study was done on 405 participants selected by systematic random sampling in Shashemane. Data was collected using A pretested structured tool comprising socio-demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitude, and adherence with COVID-19 prevention practice. Participants who practiced ≥ 75% of the COVID-19 preventive practices were labeled as having “good adherence”. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression was used to determine the associated variables. Odds ratios along with 95%CI were estimated to identify associated factors and a level of statistical significance was decided at p -value less than 0.05.Result:The practice of COVID-19 preventive measures was 19.5%, (95% CI: 15–24.5%). Having a favorable attitude (AOR = 5, 95% CI: 3.3–8.41), having good knowledge of the disease (AOR = 3, 95% CI: 2.74– 9.3) and educational status (Diploma and above) (AOR = 5.5, 95% CI: 2– 9.39) were significantly associated factors with the practice of COVID-19 preventive measures.Conclusion:The Adherence to COVID-19 preventive practices was very low, educational status above Diploma, good knowledge, and Favorable attitude were the factors positively and independently associated with good adherence to Covid-19 prevention practices. Behavioral change communication and Strict government law and implementing it are highly required.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ayenew Addisu ◽  
Habtamu Gebre ◽  
Sara Tesfaye ◽  
Mola Zewdu ◽  
Meseret Birhanie

Abstract Background Intestinal parasitic infections are the most serious medical and public health problems in developing countries. In Ethiopia, intestinal parasites are among the top ten causes of morbidity, especially in children. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasites among Ethiopian Orthodox church school students in Gondar town, northwest Ethiopia. Method: an institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence and associated factors of intestinal parasites among religious students in Gondar town from February 2019 to April 2019, northwest Ethiopia. A total of 360 participants were selected by the random sampling technique. Results In this study, a total of 360 Orthodox Tewahido church school students were participated. The over all parasite prevalence, 24.7% was relatively low compared with previous studies conducted in other localitie in Ethiopia. The predominanat parasites were A. lumbricoides S. mansoni and hookworm with (11.4%), (4.4%) and (3.6%) prevalence respectively, A significant association was observed among participants with habits of frequent swiming with 2.3 times higher probability of acquaring infections, but there was no association with gender, age, finger nail status, the habit of eating uncooked vegetables/ fruits, source of drinking water and proper toilet utilization. Conclusion In general, the prevalence of intestinal parasite infections was high and calls for intervention actions on Orthodox Tewahido church students. Moreover, swimming frequency and habits had a significant association. Since the prevalence was high, improvement in awareness and enhancing health seeking behavior of the students, deworming and health education need to be focused on.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Belayneh Ayanaw Kassie ◽  
Aynishet Adane ◽  
Eskeziaw Abebe Kassahun ◽  
Amare Simegn Ayele ◽  
Aysheshim Kassahun Belew

Background. The novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak affects the global social, economic, and political context and becomes a significant threat to healthcare providers who are among the exposed groups to acquire and transmit the disease while caring and treating patients. It is crucial to comply with prevention recommendations so as to stay safe and protected. Therefore, this study aimed to assess COVID-19 preventive practice and associated factors among healthcare workers in Northwest Ethiopia. Methods. An institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 630 healthcare workers in Northwest Ethiopia from March to April 2020. A multistage sampling technique was used to select study participants. A pretested and structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data. The data were entered using Epi Info 7 and analyzed using STATA 16 statistical software. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were employed to identify associated factors. Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with 95% confidence interval was used to determine independent predictors of COVID-19 preventive practice. In multivariable analysis, a variable with a P value of less than 0.05 was considered as statically significant. Result. Among 630 healthcare workers participated in the study, the overall good preventive practice towards COVID-19 was found to be 38.73% (95% CI: 34.8, 42.5). Being a male healthcare provider (AOR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.10), having work experience of 6–10 years (AOR = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.23, 4.00), and having poor attitude towards COVID-19 (AOR = 2.22; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.22) were found to be significantly associated with poor COVID-19 preventive practice among healthcare workers. Conclusion. Overall compliance towards COVID-19 preventive practice among healthcare workers was found to be low. Multiple education and training platforms with focus on COVID-19 preventive measures and adequate personal protective equipment and supplies should be provided for healthcare providers.


2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hana Tesfaye ◽  
Ebissa Negara ◽  
Kenbon Bayisa

Abstract Background Implanon is an effective form of long-acting reversible contraceptive used to prevent conception with a clinical failure rate of less than one per 100 users. However, in sub-Saharan countries the utilization of implanon was very low. Regardless of low utilization; its early discontinuation is very common in most developing countries including Ethiopia. Objectives To assess the prevalence of early implanon discontinuation and associated factors among women ever used implanon in Mettu district. Methods A community based cross-sectional study design was conducted from October 11 to December 4, 2020 G C. A total of 430 women were included in the study by systematic random sampling technique. Data were entered into epi data version 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS version 25.0. Descriptive analysis was computed to describe descriptive results. Logistics regression was computed to see the relative effect of factors on the outcome variable. Adjusted odds ratio was calculated with 95% confidence intervals to show strength of association and p-value < 0.05 was used to declare statistical significance. The finding of the study was presented using narrations, tables and chart. Result The total proportion of early implanon discontinuation among 430 mothers was 19.3%. Women who did not counseled about the presence of alternatives methods [AOR = 2.28: 95% CI (1.22–4.26)], women who experienced dizziness after insertion of implanon [AOR = 1.90: 95% CI (1.06–3.43)] and being having menstrual disturbance after insertion of implanon [AOR = 2.17: 95% CI (1.16–4.08)] were significantly associated with early implanon discontinuation. Women who were counseled about the advantage of implanon [AOR: 0.49: 95% CI (0.28–0.87)] were protective from early implanon discontinuation. Conclusion and recommendation Early implanon discontinuation among mothers was found to be high. Hence, effective counseling on advantages and side effects of implanon and proper management of the side effects should be made to increase implanon retention.


2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 265-271
Author(s):  
Mladen Popov ◽  
Sasa Vojinov ◽  
Ivan Levakov ◽  
Dragan Grbic ◽  
Dimitrije Jeremic ◽  
...  

Introduction. In recent years, there has been a growing global trend in the number of people with pathogens of sexually transmitted infections. There is a worldwide lack of data on the prevalence and incidence of sexually transmitted infections in the general population, especially among the high school students. Material and Methods. We conducted a cross sectional study on attitudes and knowledge of young people about sexually transmitted infections. The survey population included young people aged 14 to 20 years attending a high school in the city of Novi Sad. The data were collected through a questionnaire. Results. The percentage of students with signs and symptoms of sexually transmitted infections was higher among the students who did not use a condom during the last sexual intercourse compared to the students who used a condom. Conclusion. Young people engaging in risky sexual behavior showed better knowledge about sexually transmitted infections in comparison to young people who did not engage in risky sexual behavior.


2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Santa Maria Pangaribuan ◽  
Wiwi Mardiah

ABSTRAK Infeksi Menular Seksual (IMS) adalah infeksi yang didapat melalui kontak seksual. Salah satu kelompok yang sangat beresiko mengalami penularan adalah wanita pekerja seks komersial. Jumlah wanita pekerja seks komersial yang mengalami IMS saat ini meningkat dibandingkan tahun-tahun sebelumnya, salah satu penyebab peningkatan jumlah insiden IMS ini adalah kurangnya pengetahuan tentang Infeksi Menular Seksual. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi pengetahuan wanita pekerja seks komersial tentang IMS. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 327 orang. Sampel diambil menggunakan teknik quota sampling sebanyak 85 sampel. Intrumen penelitian dibuat berdasarkan teori dan konsep tentang IMS dan telah di lakukan uji kontent uji validitas dan reliabilitas  dengan hasil sebagai berikut: koefisien validitas 0,276 sampai dengan 0,720 (sig. < 0,05). Analisa data yang dilakukan menggunakan analisa data deskriptif.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 44 responden (51,76%) memiliki pengetahuan yang cukup, 32 responden (37,65%) memiliki pengetahuan yang baik dan 9 responden (10,59%) masih kurang. Hasil prosentasi tersebut dapat ditunjukkan dari kontent sub variabel pengertian, penyebab, jenis dan gejala, dampak dan cara pencegahan IMS yang berada pada kategori baik dan cukup sedangkan cara kontent tentang penularan IMS berada pada kategori kurang, kondisi ini yang di asumsikan bahwa peningkatan IMS masih terus meningkat. Simpulan dari  penelitian ini, bahwa pengetahuan para wanita pekerja seks komersial  bervariasi, mereka belum memiliki pengetahuan tentang IMS secara komprehensif, sehingga disarankan untuk yang memiliki hasil pengetahuan cukup dan kurang melakukan upaya meningkatkan pengetahuannya sedangkan untuk yg sudah memiliki pengetahuan baik dapat menshare pada temannya secara rutin untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang IMS, melalui bimbingan dan arahan dari petugas kesehatan.                                      ABSTRACT Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) are infections acquired through sexual contact. One group that is particularly at risk of transmission is a commercial sex worker. The number of commercial sex worker women who experience STIs is currently increasing compared to previous years, one of the causes of the increasing number of STI incidents is the lack of knowledge about sexually transmitted infections. This study aims to identify the knowledge of commercial sex workers women about STIs. This research is a quantitative descriptive research. The study population amounted to 327 people. Samples were taken using quota sampling technique of 85 samples. The research instrument is based on the theory and concept of IMS and has tested the validity and reliability test with the following result: validity coefficient 0,276 up to 0,720 (sig. <0,05). Data analysis conducted using descriptive data analysis. The result of the research shows that 44 respondents (51,76%) have enough knowledge, 32 respondents (37,65%) have good knowledge and 9 respondents (10,59%) still less. The result of the percentage can be shown from contents sub variable of understanding, , types and symptoms, impacts and ways of preventing STIs that are in good and sufficient category whereas contents about STI transmission are in the less category, this condition is assumed that the increase of STI is still increasing. Conclusions from this study, that the knowledge of women sex workers vary, they do not have comprehensive knowledge about the IMS, so it is advisable for those who have sufficient knowledge and less effort to increase knowledge while for those who already have good knowledge can menshare on his friends regularly to improve knowledge about STIs, through guidance and direction from health worker.  


2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niguse Mengesha Habte ◽  
Abulie Takele Melku ◽  
Mulusew Teshome Alemayehu

Background Adolescents is the transition from childhood to adulthood .Which is a time of opportunity, but also one of risk. In Ethiopia, sexual and reproductive health problems of adolescents are increasing from time to time related to many parents not feeling happy to discuss sexual matters in addition to early sexual commencement among adolescents. Objective This study was intended to assess parent-adolescent communication on sexual and reproductive health matters and associated factors among secondary and preparatory school students in Robe Town, Bale Zone, South East Ethiopia, 2017. Methods Institution based cross sectional study was conducted among 394 secondary and preparatory school students in Robe town from April 10-25, 2017. Simple random sampling technique was used. Data was obtained through the use of a self administered questionnaire and supplemented by focus group discussion with parents. Data was entered using Epi Data 3.1 and analyzed by SPSS 20. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analyses were done. Data quality was assured through careful questionnaire design, pretest and training. Results One hundred eighty six (47%) of the study participants had discussed at least two SRH issues with their parents. Grade eleven students were about nearly five times more likely discussed on sexual and reproductive matters with their parent compared with grade nine students (AOR: 4.88, 95% CI: 1.76, 13.54). Those living with relatives were 3.13 times less likely discussed as compared to those students are living with both parents (AOR: 0.32, 95%CI: (0.12, 0.80) and the odds of discussion on SRH matters is 2 times higher among females compared with their counterpart (AOR=2.02, 95% CI: 1.25, 3.26). Conclusions Communication on sexual and reproductive health matters between adolescent and parent was low. Majority of student preferred to discuss with their peers than parent. Being ashamed, parents lack of communication skill and parent knowledge on SRH issues were the major reasons mentioned by the students for not discussing about SRH matters with their parents. Therefore; comprehensive family life education needs to be initiated for the students and parents. Sexual information exchange between peers needs to be strengthened.


2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
Roshani Gautam ◽  
Bishnu Dutta Paudel ◽  
Rejina Shrestha ◽  
Bhagawaty Kalikotay

People with cancer are at high risk for coronavirus infection because of immunosuppressive nature of disease itself and adverse effect of treatment. Knowledge and adoption of preventive practice is critical to control the outbreak of infectious disease in vulnerable populations. Hence, this study aimed to identify the awareness, perceived risk and preventive practices regarding coronavirus disease among people with cancer. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 83 cancer patients in Bir Hospital. Total enumeration sampling technique was used to collect data for two weeks and interview schedule was used. Data was analyzed in SPSS version 16, descriptive and inferential statistics was calculated. Out of 83 participants, mean score of knowledge was 37.33±7.5 and 76% of study participants had adequate awareness (>75% of total score) and the mean practice score was 24.6±2.88. None of the study participants were practicing preventive measures as per guidelines of government. The study found that level of awareness was significantly associated with the age of the participants (p=0.04). However, other socio-demographic factors were not associated with awareness. The study concluded that people with cancer had adequate awareness but had inadequate practices on preventive measures as per the guidelines of the Ministry of Health and Population and WHO, which should be mandatory to contain disease outbreak. Therefore, there is an urgent need to focus on the adoption of preventive behaviors for cancer patients.


2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 33-47
Author(s):  
Abdul-Manaf Mutaru ◽  
Mubarick Asumah ◽  
Mohammed Ibrahim ◽  
Issah Sumaila ◽  
Mustapha Hallidu ◽  
...  

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the knowledge on Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) and sexual practices among nursing trainees in Yendi Municipality, Northern Ghana. Methodology: The study was conducted in Northern Ghana, using a cross-sectional study design. The study recruited 265 students using a multistage sampling technique. A self-reported questionnaire was used for the data collection. Data were analyzed using Stata version 16 and p-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Findings: Majority (54.0%) of the respondents were males (69.1%), below 25 years with a mean age of 23.5 ±2.4 years. Most students (33.2%) had their first sexual relationship before 20 years of age. Only 20.4% of the students reported having had STIs in the past six months. Nine out of ten (90.9%) respondents have heard of STIs. Among the respondents who had ever heard of STIs, majority (71.7%) heard about STIs in school, followed by the media (41.1%), friends (33.2%), and relatives (29.4%).  Majority (75.0%) of students had sufficient knowledge of STIs. The association between knowledge on STIs and program of study (X2=7.6, p=0.023), gender (X2=3.93, p=0.047), and age (X2=22.3, p=0.039) were statistically significant. The odds of sufficient knowledge of STIs for students pursuing Registered Mental Nursing (RMN) is 3 times that of those studying RNAC program (AOR=3.4, 95%CI=1.23 – 9.55, p-value=0.019). Respondents aged ≥25 years were 1.8 times more likely to have sufficient knowledge compared with those below 25 years (AOR=1.8, 95%CI=0.91 – 3.38, p=0.047).  Recommendation: There is the need for sensitizations and intensifying education since not all students were armed with the required information on STIs. Stakeholders including, the Ministry of Health, Ghana Health Service, Islamic Medical Association of Ghana (IMAGH), Christian Health Association of Ghana (CHAG) and Tutors of health training institutions ought to re-evaluate the current interventions, and protocols on STIs prevention. There is also the need to regulate media content on health by the National Media Commission and the Ministry of Health of Ghana and its affiliates to ensure the right information on STIs is channelled to listeners by qualified persons.


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