scholarly journals Abscisic Acid, Stress, and Ripening (TtASR1) Gene as a Functional Marker for Salt Tolerance in Durum Wheat

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karama Hamdi ◽  
Faiçal Brini ◽  
Najla Kharrat ◽  
Khaled Masmoudi ◽  
Inès Yakoubi
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Acid Stress ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Functional Marker ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
Heat And Cold Stress

In semiarid Mediterranean agroecosystems, drought and salinity are the main abiotic stresses hampering wheat productivity and yield instability. Abscisic acid, stress, and ripening (ASR) are small plant proteins and play important roles in different biological processes. In the present study, the TtASR1 gene was isolated and characterized for the first time from durum wheat (Tritucum turgidum L. subsp. durum). TtASR1 is a small gene, about 684 bp long, located on chromosome 4AL, encoding a protein of 136 amino acid residues consisting of a histidine-rich N terminus and C-terminal conserved ABA-WDS domain (Pfam PF02496). Our results showed that TtASR1 protein could function as a chaperone-like protein and improve the viability of E. coli under heat and cold stress and increase the Saccharomyces cerevisiae tolerance under salt and osmotic stress. Transcript expression patterns of TtASR1 revealed that ASRs play important roles in abiotic stress responses in diverse organs. Indeed, TtASR1 was upregulated in leaves by different developmental (ABA) and environmental signals (PEG, salt). In cv. Mahmoudi (salt-tolerant Tunisian durum landraces) roots, TtASR1 was upregulated by salt stress, while it was downregulated in cv. Azizi (salt-sensitive Tunisian durum landraces), supporting the implication of this gene in the salt tolerance mechanism. Taken together and after validation in the plant system, the TtASR1 gene may provide a potential functional marker for marker-assisted selection in a durum wheat breeding program for salt tolerance.

scholarly journals The Salt Tolerance Related Protein (STRP) Mediates Cold Stress Responses and Abscisic Acid Signalling in Arabidopsis thaliana

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Fiorillo ◽  
Maurizio Mattei ◽  
Patrizia Aducci ◽  
Sabina Visconti ◽  
Lorenzo Camoni
Keyword(s):  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Cold Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Related Protein

scholarly journals A locus for sodium exclusion (Nax1), a trait for salt tolerance, mapped in durum wheat

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Megan P. Lindsay ◽  
Evans S. Lagudah ◽  
Ray A. Hare ◽  
Rana Munns
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Tetraploid Wheat ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
Lower Yield ◽  
Diverse Backgrounds ◽  
Salt Affected Soils ◽  
Sodium Exclusion

Salinity affects durum wheat [Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum (Desf.)] more than it affects bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and results in lower yield for durum wheat cultivars grown on salt-affected soils. A novel source of salt tolerance in the form of a sodium exclusion trait, identified previously in a screen of tetraploid wheat germplasm, was mapped using a QTL approach. The trait, measured as low Na+ concentration in the leaf blade, was mapped on a population derived from a cross between the low Na+ landrace and the cultivar Tamaroi. The use of AFLP, RFLP and microsatellite markers identified a locus, named Nax1 (Na exclusion), on chromosome 2AL, which accounted for approximately 38% of the phenotypic variation in the mapping population. Markers linked to the Nax1 locus also associated closely with low Na+ progeny in a genetically unrelated population. A microsatellite marker closely linked to the Nax1 locus was validated in genetically diverse backgrounds, and proven to be useful for marker-assisted selection in a durum wheat breeding program.

The PalERF109 transcription factor positively regulates salt tolerance via PalHKT1;2 in Populus alba var. pyramidalis

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 717-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ningning Chen ◽  
Shaofei Tong ◽  
Hu Tang ◽  
Zhiyang Zhang ◽  
Bao Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Populus Alba ◽  
Salt Treatment ◽  
Ethylene Responsive Factor ◽  
Erf Family ◽  
Transport Of Ions ◽  
Tree Stress

Abstract Salinity restricts the growth of trees to varying extents, but the regulatory mechanisms involved in their varying salt tolerance are largely unknown. In an effort to elucidate these mechanisms, we identified a total of 99 genes in the Ethylene Responsive Factor (ERF) family of transcription factors and examined their expression patterns under salt stress in Populus alba var. pyramidalis. We found that a B4 group gene, PalERF109, was rapidly induced by salt treatment and preferentially expressed in stems and petioles, where it is probably involved in transport of ions and water in xylem. Overexpression of PalERF109 enhanced the salt tolerance of the poplar, and further analysis showed that it directly upregulated a high-affinity K+transporter (HKT) gene, PalHKT1;2. The results clearly indicate that PalERF109 enhances salt tolerance at least partially through direct activation of PalHKT1;2 and extends understanding of the roles of ERF genes in tree stress responses.

scholarly journals Evolution and Expression Divergence of E2 Gene Family under Multiple Abiotic and Phytohormones Stresses in Brassica rapa

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadeem Khan ◽  
Chun-mei Hu ◽  
Waleed Amjad Khan ◽  
Emal Naseri ◽  
Han Ke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Pattern ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Resistance Mechanism ◽  
Interaction Network ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Heat And Cold Stress ◽  
Ubiquitin Conjugating Enzymes

To understand ubiquitination mechanism, E2s (ubiquitin conjugating enzymes) have crucial part as they play a major role in regulating many biological processes in plants. Meanwhile, Brassica rapa is an important leafy vegetable crop and therefore its characterization along with the expression pattern of E2s under various stresses is imperative. In this study, a total of 83 genes were identified in B. rapa and were classified into four different classes based on domain information. Here, we analyzed phylogenetic relationships, collinear correlation, gene duplication, interacting network, and expression patterns of E2 genes in B. rapa. Furthermore, RT-PCR analysis for 8 multiple abiotic and hormone treatments (namely, ABA, GA, JA, BR, PEG, NaCl, and heat and cold stress) illustrated striking expression pattern under one or more treatments, speculating that these might be stress-responsive genes. The cis-elements and interaction network analyses implicate valuable clues of important function of E2 genes in development and multiple stress responses in B. rapa. This study will further facilitate functional analysis of E2s for improving stress resistance mechanism in B. rapa.

scholarly journals Comprehensive Analysis of the Cadmium Tolerance of Abscisic Acid-, Stress- and Ripening-Induced Proteins (ASRs) in Maize

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Qiusha Zhu ◽  
Haijuan Yu ◽  
Liang Li ◽  
Guoqiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Acid Stress ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Screening Strategy ◽  
Functional Domain ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Specific Expression ◽  
Tobacco Leaves ◽  
Cd Tolerance

In plants, abscisic acid-, stress-, and ripening-induced (ASR) proteins have been shown to impart tolerance to multiple abiotic stresses such as drought and salinity. However, their roles in metal stress tolerance are poorly understood. To screen plant Cd-tolerance genes, the yeast-based gene hunting method which aimed to screen Cd-tolerance colonies from maize leaf cDNA library hosted in yeast was carried out. Here, maize ZmASR1 was identified to be putative Cd-tolerant through this survival screening strategy. In silico analysis of the functional domain organization, phylogenetic classification and tissue-specific expression patterns revealed that maize ASR1 to ASR5 are typical ASRs with considerable expression in leaves. Further, four of them were cloned for testifying Cd tolerance using yeast complementation assay. The results indicated that they all confer Cd tolerance in Cd-sensitive yeast. Then they were transiently expressed in tobacco leaves for subcellular localization analysis and for Cd-challenged lesion assay, continuously. The results demonstrated that all 4 maize ASRs tested are localized to the cell nucleus and cytoplasm in tobacco leaves. Moreover, they were confirmed to be Cd-tolerance genes in planta through lesion analysis in Cd-infiltrated leaves transiently expressing them. Taken together, our results demonstrate that maize ASRs play important roles in Cd tolerance, and they could be used as promising candidate genes for further functional studies toward improving the Cd tolerance in plants.

Structural and functional characterisation of two novel durum wheat annexin genes in response to abiotic stress

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marwa Harbaoui ◽  
Rania Ben Saad ◽  
Nihed Ben Halima ◽  
Mouna Choura ◽  
Faiçal Brini
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Heavy Metal Stress ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Wheat Varieties

Abiotic stress results in massive loss of crop productivity throughout the world. Understanding the plant gene regulatory mechanisms involved in stress responses is very important. Annexins are a conserved multigene family of Ca-dependent, phospholipid-binding proteins with suggested functions in response to environmental stresses and signalling during plant growth and development. Annexins function to counteract oxidative stress, maintain cell redox homeostasis and enhance drought tolerance. A full-length cDNA of two genes (TdAnn6 and TdAnn12) encoding annexin proteins were isolated and characterised from Tunisian durum wheat varieties (Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum cv. Mahmoudi). Analyses of the deduced proteins encoded by annexin cDNAs (TdAnn6 and TdAnn12) indicate the presence of the characteristic four repeats of 70–75 amino acids and the motifs proposed to be involved in Ca2+ binding. Gene expression patterns obtained by real-time PCR revealed differential temporal and spatial regulation of the two annexin genes in durum wheat under different abiotic stress conditions such as salt (NaCl 150 mM), osmotic (10% polyethylene glycol 8000), ionic (LiCl 10 mM), oxidative (H2O2), ABA (100 µM), salicylic acid (10 mM), cold (4°C) and heat (37°C) stress. The two annexin genes were not regulated by heavy metal stress (CdCl2 150 µM). Moreover, heterologous expression of TdAnn6 and TdAnn12 in yeast improves its tolerance to abiotic stresses, suggesting annexin’s involvement in theses stress tolerance mechanisms. Taken together, our results show that the two newly isolated wheat annexin might play an active role in modulating plant cell responses to abiotic stress responses.

scholarly journals Integrated transcriptomic and proteomic analysis of Tritipyrum provides insights into the molecular basis of salt tolerance

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e12683
Author(s):  
Rui Yang ◽  
Zhifen Yang ◽  
Ze Peng ◽  
Fang He ◽  
Luxi Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Data Independent Acquisition ◽  
Mechanisms Of Salt Tolerance ◽  
Function Regulator

Background Soil salinity is a major environmental stress that restricts crop growth and yield. Methods Here, crucial proteins and biological pathways were investigated under salt-stress and recovery conditions in Tritipyrum ‘Y1805’ using the data-independent acquisition proteomics techniques to explore its salt-tolerance mechanism. Results In total, 44 and 102 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in ‘Y1805’ under salt-stress and recovery conditions, respectively. A proteome-transcriptome-associated analysis revealed that the expression patterns of 13 and 25 DEPs were the same under salt-stress and recovery conditions, respectively. ‘Response to stimulus’, ‘antioxidant activity’, ‘carbohydrate metabolism’, ‘amino acid metabolism’, ‘signal transduction’, ‘transport and catabolism’ and ‘biosynthesis of other secondary metabolites’ were present under both conditions in ‘Y1805’. In addition, ‘energy metabolism’ and ‘lipid metabolism’ were recovery-specific pathways, while ‘antioxidant activity’, and ‘molecular function regulator’ under salt-stress conditions, and ‘virion’ and ‘virion part’ during recovery, were ‘Y1805’-specific compared with the salt-sensitive wheat ‘Chinese Spring’. ‘Y1805’ contained eight specific DEPs related to salt-stress responses. The strong salt tolerance of ‘Y1805’ could be attributed to the strengthened cell walls, reactive oxygen species scavenging, osmoregulation, phytohormone regulation, transient growth arrest, enhanced respiration, transcriptional regulation and error information processing. These data will facilitate an understanding of the molecular mechanisms of salt tolerance and aid in the breeding of salt-tolerant wheat.

scholarly journals Mining the Roles of Wheat (Triticum Aestivum) SnRK Gene Family in Biotic and Abiotic Responses

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinghan Song ◽  
Yiqin He ◽  
Junliang Yin ◽  
Wendi Huang ◽  
Zehao Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stress Responses ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Real Time Quantitative Pcr ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Heat And Cold Stress ◽  
Plant Stress Responses ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Microarray Datasets

Abstract BackgroundSucrose non-fermenting-1-related protein kinase (SnRK) is a class of Ser/Thr protein kinases and plays vital functions in the plant stress responses. However, little is known about the SnRK in Triticum aestivum (TaSnRK).ResultsIn this study, 149 TaSnRKs were identified from wheat and divided into three subfamilies, which may be due to the polyploidization induced gene duplication and high rate of homologous retention. A combination of public microarray datasets and quantitative real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR) have further revealed the distinct expression patterns of TaSnRKs under specific abiotic/biotic stress responses. TaSnRK2.4-B, a member of SnRK2 subfamily, was located in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and cell membrane and showed ubiquitous expression in wheat life cycle, suggesting the possible response to polyethylene glycol (PEG), NaCl, heat, and cold stress, as well as the high concentrations of abscisic acid (ABA) application. Besides, transient Agro-infiltration assays showed that TaSnRK2.4-B was also involved in the resistance to pathogen.ConclusionsThese results imply that TaSnRK2.4-B may act as a multifunctional regulatory factor involved in multiple stress response pathways. Overall, our study provides new insights into the roles of TaSnRKs in biotic and abiotic responses.

scholarly journals Expression of AhATL1, an ABA Transport Factor Gene from Peanut, Is Affected by Altered Memory Gene Expression Patterns and Increased Tolerance to Drought Stress in Arabidopsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3398
Author(s):  
Ming Qin ◽  
Xiaoyan Li ◽  
Shaohua Tang ◽  
Yinglin Huang ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Drought Stress ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Response Gene ◽  
Stress Memory ◽  
Gene Type ◽  
Aba Content

Arachis hypogaea abscisic acid transporter like-1 (AhATL1) modulates abscisic acid (ABA) sensitivity by specifically influencing the importing of ABA into cells, and is a key player in plant stress responses. However, there is limited information on ABA transporters in crops. In this study, we found that the level of AhATL1 expression and AhATL1 distribution increased more rapidly in the second drought (D2) compared with in the first drought (D1). Compared with the first recovery (R1), the AhATL1 expression level and ABA content remained at a higher level during the second recovery (R2). The heterologous overexpression of AhATL1 in Arabidopsis changed the expression pattern of certain memory genes and changed the post response gene type into the memory gene type. Regarding the proline and water content of Col (Arabidopsis thaliana L. Heynh., Col-0), atabcg22, and AhATL1-OX during drought training, the second drought (D2) was more severe than the first drought (D1), which was more conducive to maintaining the cell osmotic balance and resisting drought. In summary, drought stress memory resulted in a rapid increase in the AhATL1 expression and AhATL1 distribution level, and then raised the endogenous ABA content and changed the post response gene type into the memory gene type, which enhanced the drought resistance and recovery ability.

Genetic variation for improving the salt tolerance of durum wheat

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Munns ◽  
R. A. Hare ◽  
R. A. James ◽  
G. J. Rebetzke
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Bread Wheat ◽  
Triticum Turgidum ◽  
Wheat Breeding ◽  
D Genome ◽  
High K ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Na Uptake

Durum wheat (AB genomes) is more salt-sensitive than bread wheat (ABD genomes), a feature that restricts its expansion into areas with sodic or saline soils. Salt tolerance in bread wheat is linked with a locus on the D genome that results in low Na+ uptake and enhanced K+/Na+ discrimination. In order to introduce salt tolerance into current durum wheats from sources other than the D genome, a search for genetic variation in salt tolerance was made across a wide range of tetraploids representing 5 Triticum turgidum sub-species (durum, carthlicum, turgidum, turanicum, polonicum). Selections were screened for low Na+ uptake and enhanced K+/Na+ discrimination. This was assessed in seedlings grown in 150 mМ NaCl with supplemental Ca2+, by measuring the Na+ and K+ accumulated in the blade of a given leaf over 10 days. Large and repeatable genetic variation was found. Low Na+ accumulation and high K+/Na+ discrimination of similar magnitude to that of bread wheat was found in the sub-species durum. These selections have the potential for improving salt tolerance in durum wheat breeding programs.

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