scholarly journals The Role of Fecal Fusobacterium nucleatum and pks+ Escherichia coli as Early Diagnostic Markers of Colorectal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Kaixi Liu ◽  
Xinran Yang ◽  
Mi Zeng ◽  
Yumeng Yuan ◽  
Jianhong Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Diagnostic Efficiency ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Accurate Analysis ◽  
E Coli

Background. Accurate analysis of intestinal microbiota will facilitate establishment of an evaluating system for assessing colorectal cancer (CRC) risk and prognosis. This study evaluates the potential role of Fusobacterium nucleatum (F. nucleatum) and Escherichia coli with a pks gene (pks+ E. coli) in early CRC diagnosis. Methods. We recruited 139 patients, including CRC ( n = 60 ), colorectal adenomatous polyposis (CAP) ( n = 37 ), and healthy individuals ( n = 42 ) based on their colonoscopy examinations. We collected stool and serum samples from the participants and measured the relative abundance of F. nucleatum and pks+ E. coli in fecal samples by quantitative PCR. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyses were used to analyze the diagnostic value of single or combined biomarkers. Results. Fecal F. nucleatum and pks+ E. coli levels were higher in the CRC group in either the CAP group or healthy controls ( P = 0.02 ; 0.01). There was no statistical difference in the distribution of F. nucleatum and pks+ E. coli in patients with different tumor sites ( P > 0.05 ). The combination of F. nucleatum+pks+ E. coli+CEA+CA19-9+FOBT was chosen as the optimal panel in differentiating both CRC and CAP from the controls. The combination of F. nucleatum, pks+ E. coli, and FOBT improved diagnostic efficiency. However, there was difficulty in differentiating CRC from CAP. Conclusion. Our results suggested that combining bacterial markers with conventional tumor markers improves the diagnostic efficiency for noninvasive diagnosis of CRC.

scholarly journals Haemolytic uraemic syndrome and Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli infection in children in France

2000 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. DECLUDT ◽  
P. BOUVET ◽  
P. MARIANI-KURKDJIAN ◽  
F. GRIMONT ◽  
P. A. D. GRIMONT ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Polymerase Chain

We conducted a study to determine the incidence of haemolytic uraemic syndrome (HUS) in children in France and to assess the role of Shiga-toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) infection in the aetiology of HUS. In collaboration with the Société de Néphrologie Pédiatrique we undertook a retrospective review of all cases of HUS hospitalized from January 1993 to March 1995 and a 1-year prospective study (April 1995–March 1996) of epidemiological and microbiological features of cases of HUS. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) procedure was used to detect stx, eae, e-hlyA genes directly from case stool samples. Serum samples from cases were examined for antibodies to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of 26 major STEC serogroups. Two hundred and eighty-six cases were reported. The average incidence per year was 0·7/105 children < 15 years and 1·8/105 children < 5 years. During the prospective study, 122/130 cases were examined for evidence of STEC infection using PCR and/or serological assays and 105 (86%) had evidence of STEC infection. Serum antibodies to E. coli O157 LPS were detected in 79 (67%) cases tested. In conclusion, this study showed that STEC infection is an important cause of HUS in children in France, with a high proportion related to the O157 serogroup.

scholarly journals The role of Escherichia coli O 157 infections in the classical (enteropathic) haemolytic uraemic syndrome: Results of a Central European, multicentre study

1993 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 183-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Bitzan ◽  
K. Ludwig ◽  
M. Klemt ◽  
H. König ◽  
J. Büren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Haemolytic Uraemic Syndrome ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Central European ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Iga Antibodies ◽  
O 157 ◽  
Kinetics Of

SUMMARYTo assess the importance of infection by Verotoxin (VT) producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) in children with HUS in Central Europe, stool and/or serum samples obtained from 147 patients from 28 paediatric centres were prospectively examined for the presence of VTEC and the kinetics of faecal VT titres (FVT), and for VT neutralization titres and antibodies against E. coli O 157 lipopolysaccharide, respectively. Ninety-two percent of the patients had classic (enteropathic) HUS (E+ HUS). Evidence of VTEC infection was obtained in 86% of them. VTEC/FVT were identified in 55/118 E+ cases (47%). A prominent feature was the frequent isolation of sorbitol-fermenting, VT2-producing E. coli O 157. H−. VT1 (C600/H19) was neutralized by 9%, and VT2 (C600/933W) by 99% of the initial serum samples from E+ patients, compared to 3% (VT1) and 100% (VT2) from age-related controls. Fourfold titre rises against VT1 and/or VT2 were observed in 13/70 (19%), and significantly elevated O 157 LPS IgM and/or IgA antibodies in 106/128 (83%) of the E+ patients. The ubiquitous VT2 neutralizing principle in the serum of HUS patients as of healthy controls warrants further investigations.

scholarly journals Roles of the C-Terminal Amino Acids of Non-Hexameric Helicases: Insights from Escherichia coli UvrD

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 1018
Author(s):  
Hiroaki Yokota
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Single Molecule ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Amino Acid Sequences ◽  
E Coli ◽  
X Ray Crystallography ◽  
Terminal Amino

Helicases are nucleic acid-unwinding enzymes that are involved in the maintenance of genome integrity. Several parts of the amino acid sequences of helicases are very similar, and these quite well-conserved amino acid sequences are termed “helicase motifs”. Previous studies by X-ray crystallography and single-molecule measurements have suggested a common underlying mechanism for their function. These studies indicate the role of the helicase motifs in unwinding nucleic acids. In contrast, the sequence and length of the C-terminal amino acids of helicases are highly variable. In this paper, I review past and recent studies that proposed helicase mechanisms and studies that investigated the roles of the C-terminal amino acids on helicase and dimerization activities, primarily on the non-hexermeric Escherichia coli (E. coli) UvrD helicase. Then, I center on my recent study of single-molecule direct visualization of a UvrD mutant lacking the C-terminal 40 amino acids (UvrDΔ40C) used in studies proposing the monomer helicase model. The study demonstrated that multiple UvrDΔ40C molecules jointly participated in DNA unwinding, presumably by forming an oligomer. Thus, the single-molecule observation addressed how the C-terminal amino acids affect the number of helicases bound to DNA, oligomerization, and unwinding activity, which can be applied to other helicases.

scholarly journals Distribution of Lactoferrin Is Related with Dynamics of Neutrophils in Bacterial Infected Mice Intestine

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (7) ◽  
pp. 1496 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Liang ◽  
Zhen-Jie Wang ◽  
Guang Ye ◽  
Xue-You Tang ◽  
Yuan-Yuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Mucosal Immunity ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Iron Binding ◽  
E Coli ◽  
New Knowledge ◽  
Activated Neutrophils ◽  
Binding Glycoprotein

Lactoferrin (Lf) is a conserved iron-binding glycoprotein with antimicrobial activity, which is present in secretions that recover mucosal sites regarded as portals of invaded pathogens. Although numerous studies have focused on exogenous Lf, little is known about its expression of endogenous Lf upon bacterial infection. In this study, we investigated the distribution of Lf in mice intestine during Escherichia coli (E. coli) K88 infection. PCR and immunohistology staining showed that mRNA levels of Lf significantly increased in duodenum, ileum and colon, but extremely decreased in jejunum at 8 h and 24 h after infection. Meanwhile, endogenous Lf was mostly located in the lamina propria of intestine villi, while Lf receptor (LfR) was in the crypts. It suggested that endogenous Lf-LfR interaction might not be implicated in the antibacterial process. In addition, it was interesting to find that the infiltration of neutrophils into intestine tissues was changed similarly to Lf expression. It indicated that the variations of Lf expression were rather due to an equilibrium between the recruitment of neutrophils and degranulation of activated neutrophils. Thus, this new knowledge will pave the way to a more effective understanding of the role of Lf in intestinal mucosal immunity.

SATP (YaaH), a succinate–acetate transporter protein in Escherichia coli

2013 ◽  
Vol 454 (3) ◽  
pp. 585-595 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Sá-Pessoa ◽  
Sandra Paiva ◽  
David Ribas ◽  
Inês Jesus Silva ◽  
Sandra Cristina Viegas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Succinic Acid ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Amino Acid Residues ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Transporter Protein ◽  
Affinity Constants ◽  
In Trans

In the present paper we describe a new carboxylic acid transporter in Escherichia coli encoded by the gene yaaH. In contrast to what had been described for other YaaH family members, the E. coli transporter is highly specific for acetic acid (a monocarboxylate) and for succinic acid (a dicarboxylate), with affinity constants at pH 6.0 of 1.24±0.13 mM for acetic acid and 1.18±0.10 mM for succinic acid. In glucose-grown cells the ΔyaaH mutant is compromised for the uptake of both labelled acetic and succinic acids. YaaH, together with ActP, described previously as an acetate transporter, affect the use of acetic acid as sole carbon and energy source. Both genes have to be deleted simultaneously to abolish acetate transport. The uptake of acetate and succinate was restored when yaaH was expressed in trans in ΔyaaH ΔactP cells. We also demonstrate the critical role of YaaH amino acid residues Leu131 and Ala164 on the enhanced ability to transport lactate. Owing to its functional role in acetate and succinate uptake we propose its assignment as SatP: the Succinate–Acetate Transporter Protein.

scholarly journals Molecular survey of mcr1 and mcr2 plasmid mediated colistin resistance genes in Escherichia coli isolates of animal origin in Iran

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayhan Ilbeigi ◽  
Mahdi Askari Badouei ◽  
Hossein Vaezi ◽  
Hassan Zaheri ◽  
Sina Aghasharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Colistin Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
High Level ◽  
Farming Industry

Abstract Objectives The emergence of colistin-resistant Enterobacteriaceae from human and animal sources is one of the major public health concerns as colistin is the last-resort antibiotic for treating infections caused by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. We aimed to determine the prevalence of the prototype widespread colistin resistance genes (mcr-1 and mcr-2) among commensal and pathogenic Escherichia coli strains isolated from food-producing and companion animals in Iran. Results A total of 607 E. coli isolates which were previously collected from different animal sources between 2008 and 2016 used to uncover the possible presence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance genes (mcr-1 and mcr-2) by PCR. Overall, our results could not confirm the presence of any mcr-1 or mcr-2 positive E. coli among the studied isolates. It is concluded that despite the important role of food-producing animals in transferring the antibiotic resistance, they were not the main source for carriage of mcr-1 and mcr-2 in Iran until 2016. This study suggests that the other mcr variants (mcr-3 to mcr-9) might be responsible for conferring colistin resistance in animal isolates in Iran. The possible linkage between pig farming industry and high level of mcr carriage in some countries needs to be clarified in future prospective studies.

scholarly journals Drinking water and diarrhoeal disease due to Escherichia coli

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul R. Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Diarrhoeal Disease ◽  
Central Place ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Related Disease ◽  
Direct Damage ◽  
Water Microbiology

Escherichia coli has had a central place in water microbiology for decades as an indicator of faecal pollution. It is only relatively recently that the role of E. coli as pathogen, rather than indicator, in drinking water has begun to be stressed. Interest in the role of E. coli as a cause of diarrhoeal disease has increased because of the emergence of E. coli O157:H7 and other enterohaemorrhagic E. coli, due to the severity of the related disease. There are enterotoxigenic, enteropathogenic, enterohaemorrhagic, enteroinvasive, enteroaggregative and diffusely adherent strains of E. coli. Each type of E. coli causes diarrhoeal disease through different mechanisms and each causes a different clinical presentation. Several of the types cause diarrhoea by the elaboration of one or more toxins, others by some other form of direct damage to epithelial cells. This paper discusses each of these types in turn and also describes their epidemiology, with particular reference to whether they are waterborne or not.

scholarly journals The role of Fusobacterium nucleatum in colorectal cancer: from carcinogenesis to clinical management

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 178-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun-Hui Sun ◽  
Bin-Bin Li ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Jing Zhao ◽  
Xiao-Ying Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Clinical Management ◽  
Fusobacterium Nucleatum

Quantitative Determination of the Role of Lettuce Leaf Structures in Protecting Escherichia coli O157:H7 from Chlorine Disinfection

2001 ◽  
Vol 64 (2) ◽  
pp. 147-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
KAZUE TAKEUCHI ◽  
JOSEPH F. FRANK
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Dead Cell ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Chlorine Disinfection ◽  
Sytox Green ◽  
Tissue Surface ◽  
Confocal Scanning

Viability of Escherichia coli O157:H7 cells on lettuce leaves after 200 mg/liter (200 ppm) chlorine treatment and the role of lettuce leaf structures in protecting cells from chlorine inactivation were evaluated by confocal scanning microscopy (CSLM). Lettuce samples (2 by 2 cm) were inoculated by immersing in a suspension containing 109 CFU/ml of E. coli O157: H7 for 24 ± 1 h at 4°C. Rinsed samples were treated with 200 mg/liter (200 ppm) chlorine for 5 min at 22°C. Viability of E. coli O157:H7 cells was evaluated by CSLM observation of samples stained with Sytox green (dead cell stain) and Alexa 594 conjugated antibody against E. coli O157:H7. Quantitative microscopic observations of viability were made at intact leaf surface, stomata, and damaged tissue. Most E. coli O157:H7 cells (68.3 ± 16.2%) that had penetrated 30 to 40 μm from the damaged tissue surface remained viable after chlorine treatment. Cells on the surface survived least (25.2 ± 15.8% survival), while cells that penetrated 0 to 10 μm from the damaged tissue surface or entered stomata showed intermediate survival (50.8 ± 13.5 and 45.6 ± 9.7% survival, respectively). Viability was associated with the depth at which E. coli O157:H7 cells were in the stomata. Although cells on the leaf surface were mostly inactivated, some viable cells were observed in cracks of cuticle and on the trichome. These results demonstrate the importance of lettuce leaf structures in the protection of E. coli O157:H7 cells from chlorine inactivation.

scholarly journals Detection and Quantification of Superoxide Formed within the Periplasm of Escherichia coli

2006 ◽  
Vol 188 (17) ◽  
pp. 6326-6334 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergei Korshunov ◽  
James A. Imlay
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Phagocytic Cells ◽  
Free Living ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Superoxide Formation ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Primary Substrate

ABSTRACT Many gram-negative bacteria harbor a copper/zinc-containing superoxide dismutase (CuZnSOD) in their periplasms. In pathogenic bacteria, one role of this enzyme may be to protect periplasmic biomolecules from superoxide that is released by host phagocytic cells. However, the enzyme is also present in many nonpathogens and/or free-living bacteria, including Escherichia coli. In this study we were able to detect superoxide being released into the medium from growing cultures of E. coli. Exponential-phase cells do not normally synthesize CuZnSOD, which is specifically induced in stationary phase. However, the engineered expression of CuZnSOD in growing cells eliminated superoxide release, confirming that this superoxide was formed within the periplasm. The rate of periplasmic superoxide production was surprisingly high and approximated the estimated rate of cytoplasmic superoxide formation when both were normalized to the volume of the compartment. The rate increased in proportion to oxygen concentration, suggesting that the superoxide is generated by the adventitious oxidation of an electron carrier. Mutations that eliminated menaquinone synthesis eradicated the superoxide formation, while mutations in genes encoding respiratory complexes affected it only insofar as they are likely to affect the redox state of menaquinone. We infer that the adventitious autoxidation of dihydromenaquinone in the cytoplasmic membrane releases a steady flux of superoxide into the periplasm of E. coli. This endogenous superoxide may create oxidative stress in that compartment and be a primary substrate of CuZnSOD.

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