scholarly journals Acid Aging of CFRP Composite Materials for Solar UAV Structure

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Bing Shen ◽  
HongJun Liu ◽  
Shengli Lv ◽  
Zheng Li ◽  
Wen Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Degradation Mechanism ◽  
Performance Degradation ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Aging Test

The purpose of this investigation is to study the performance degradation mechanism of CRRP composite materials used in the structure of a solar UAV under acid rain environment and to provide references for the structural design of the solar UAV. An aging test was designed according to the actual working conditions of the solar unmanned aerial vehicle and was carried out by continuously immersing the composite material in both deionized water and an acidic solution with a pH of 2.0 at 60°C. The mechanical behavior of the composites was studied through a three-point bending test. The results showed that after 120 days of aging test, the composite material exhibits different characteristics in the two conditions. The composite material under the hygrothermal conditions finally reached the equilibrium moisture absorption content of 1.07%, and the flexural strength decreased by 8.77%. The composite material under acidic conditions deviated from the Fick behavior in the final stage of the test, and the final moisture content was 2.88%, and the bending strength decreased by 26.43%. Several typical empirical models were analyzed, and a hyperbolic tangent function empirical model with moisture content as the main variable was used to predict the CFRP flexural strength degradation process, and good results were obtained. The effect of aging conditions on the microstructure of composite materials was observed by SEM, and the aging mechanism of composite materials was analyzed. The corrosion of the polymer matrix and the debonding of the fiber/matrix interface are the root causes of the performance degradation of composite materials.

scholarly journals Composite Materials Characteristic Analysis of Marble Waste And Resin With Bending Test

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Ihsan Ihsan Ihsan ◽  
Nuzuli Fitriadi
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Mixing Ratios ◽  
Natural Rock ◽  
Marble Powder ◽  
Marble Waste

Marble is a natural rock product that is widely used in daily life. There is a lot of marble powder as a by-product during the production process. This powder can be converted into valuable items. To transform this by-product to be economically valuable items, there is a way to propagate composite products from marble powder and resin. There are four composite mixing ratios carried out in this research, namely 50/50%, 40/60%, 30/70%, and 20/80%. The mixing composites test shows bending strength and elasticity of the composite material.

Glass Transition Temperature, Mechanical Properties of Rice and their Relationships with Milling Quality

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kobra Tajaddodi Talab ◽  
Mohd. Nordin Ibrahim ◽  
Sergey Spotar ◽  
Rosnita A. Talib ◽  
Kharidah Muhammad
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Transition Line ◽  
Transition Temperatures ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Glass Transition Temperatures ◽  
Grain Moisture

Abstract Glass transition temperatures (Tg) of MR219 rice variety were measured by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). State diagram was developed and used to evaluate drying process in this study. Glass transition temperatures range of 9.65- 61.79°C were observed for gains with moisture content of 26.8 – 7.4% (w.b.). For mechanical properties and milling test, statistical analysis was performed by using a two factor experiment in completely randomized design (CRD). Two selected factors were drying temperatures at 5 levels (40, 45, 50, 55, and 60°C) and final moisture content (FMC) at 4 levels (10-10.5, 11-11.5, 12-12.5 and 13-13.5%). Three–point bending test was applied to measure the mechanical properties of rice kernel. Generally, bending strength, apparent modulus of elasticity and fracture energy of brown rice kernel increased with decreasing the grain moisture content. Maximum bending strength was 35.69 and 33.64 MPa for 55, and 60°C, respectively. All samples that were dried at 55 and 60°C experienced to go through the glass transition line after reaching their temperature to the room temperature at the end of drying process. The effect of drying temperature, paddy FMC and their interactions on whole kernel percentage (WKP) and mechanical properties were significant (α = 0.05). An inverse relationship was observed between WKP and the percentage of strong kernels for all treatments.

CORRELATION DEPENDENCES OF THE BENDING STRENGTH OF POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIALS MODIFIED IN A MICROWAVE ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD ON THE MOISTURE CONTENT DURING EXPOSURE IN FULL-SCALE CONDITIONS

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
I. V. Zlobina ◽  
I. S. Katsuba
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Field ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Treated Carbon ◽  
Control Samples

Experimental studies of the influence of external climatic factors, taking into account exposure, on the change in the bending strength of control and microwave – treated carbon and fiberglass samples in the cured state were performed. An increase in the limit stresses of three – point bending of experimental carbon fiber samples compared to the control ones was found by 7…12 %, and fiberglassby 4…7 %. It is shown that with an increase in exposure to 14 months, the strength of control samples of carbon and fiberglass decreases by an average of 10 %. At the same time, the strength of the prototypes is reduced only by 4.4 %. With an increase in the moisture content of both control and experimental samples, a decrease in their strength is observed. In this case, the linear correlation is average (from– 0.44 to – 0.615). It is established that for experimental samples, the influence of the amount of absorbed moisture on the strength is manifested to a much lesser extent. For carbon fiber, the reduction is 16.6 %, for fiberglass – 12 %.

THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY AND THERMAL AGING PERFORMANCE OF Sn WITH 0.7 wt.% Cu and VARIOUS GRAPHENE ADDITIONS

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (06) ◽  
pp. 1950161
Author(s):  
CAIXIA SUN ◽  
FENGYUN ZHANG ◽  
HONGXIA ZHANG ◽  
NIANLONG ZHANG ◽  
SHOUYING LI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Thermal Aging ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Diffraction Intensity ◽  
A Value ◽  
Aging Test ◽  
Accelerated Thermal Aging ◽  
Aging Performance

The effect of graphene content (0.08, 0.16 and 0.33[Formula: see text]wt.%) on the thermal conductivity and thermal aging performance of an Sn based composite material with 0.7[Formula: see text]wt.% Cu and various graphene additions was investigated via X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and accelerated thermal aging test. The XRD results showed that the graphene diffraction intensity was weak (approximately 10∘) due to little content and distribution of the graphene on the surface of the composite materials. After thermal aging testing the diffraction intensity on some crystal planes of the composite materials was enhanced, proving that preferential growth occurs on the crystal plane. SEM results showed that before aging testing no whiskers were generated on the surface of the composite materials. After the accelerated thermal aging at 100∘C for 24[Formula: see text]h, whisker growth became apparent in the composite materials. All the whiskers were located in the grains rather than on the grain boundaries of the composite materials. The highest thermal conductivity was obtained at 0.16[Formula: see text]wt.% graphene addition (indicated as 0.16[Formula: see text]wt.% graphene–0.7[Formula: see text]wt.% Cu/Sn). After the accelerated thermal aging at 100∘C for 24[Formula: see text]h, the bamboo-shaped whiskers with a low aspect ratio grew in large quantities on the surface of the 0.16[Formula: see text]wt.% graphene–0.7[Formula: see text]wt.% Cu/Sn composite material, while when the aging was at 100∘C for 366[Formula: see text]h the thermal conductivity decreased from 67[Formula: see text]W[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text] to 52[Formula: see text]W[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text]. When the graphene addition was 0.33[Formula: see text]wt.% (indicated as 0.33[Formula: see text]wt.% graphene–0.7[Formula: see text]wt.% Cu/Sn) the thermal conductivity maintains a value above 59[Formula: see text]W[Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text][Formula: see text] after the accelerated thermal aging.

The study on coffee slag/recycled polystyrene circulation materials and its application on blinds

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (07n09) ◽  
pp. 2040010
Author(s):  
Hsu-Chiang Kuan ◽  
Chin-Lung Chiang ◽  
Ming-Yuan Shen ◽  
Chen-Feng Kuan
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Metal Powder ◽  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Heat Deflection Temperature ◽  
Carbon Footprint Reduction

In this study, we combine the coffee slag, metal powder with recycled petrochemical plastics (polystyrene, PS) to prepare circulation composite materials. It is an energy saving and carbon footprint reduction composite material compared with traditional one. The resulted PS/coffee composite has tensile strength 117.5 kgf/cm2 and flexural strength is 314.2 kgf/cm2. The heat deflection temperature (HDT) is 92[Formula: see text]C and the UV test fits the ASTM G154 requirement. The metal gross composite is with tensile strength 318.8 kgf/cm2 and flexural strength is 581.6 kgf/cm2. The HDT is 91[Formula: see text]C and the UV test fits the ASTM G154 requirement as well. Its reuse ratio can reach 85% for recycled PS. The resultant product has metal texture blinds with metal gross and wood-like blinds with coffee aroma flavor.

Bending Strength of Cast Materials Reinforced with Hard Particles

2010 ◽  
Vol 457 ◽  
pp. 404-409
Author(s):  
Setsuo Aso ◽  
Hiroyuki Ike ◽  
Ken-Ichi Ohguchi ◽  
Yoshinari Komastu ◽  
Nobuo Konishi
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Composite Layer ◽  
Cemented Carbide ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Spheroidal Graphite ◽  
Four Point Bending ◽  
Hard Particles ◽  
Particle Reinforced Composite ◽  
Insertion Process

Particle reinforcement via the insertion of hard particles is a promising process in materials reinforcing. Particle-reinforced spheroidal graphite martensitic cast iron (SGMC), in which mixed particles of cermet and cemented carbide are dispersed, was achieved by an insertion process. A four-point bending strength test was applied to evaluate the particle composite material. An evaporative pattern process was used on the bending-test specimen to form a composite layer in the central part. Using a combination of three sizes of cermet particles and two sizes of cemented-carbide particles, the bending strength was found to increase with each small-particle combination. The Weibull coefficient m of the four-point bending strength of the particle-reinforced composite material (PRCM) ranged from 4 to 13, and m was large in the specimen with large bending strength.

Effect of Moisture Absorption on the Bending Strength of CFRP

2012 ◽  
Vol 450-451 ◽  
pp. 482-485 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Ying Zhang ◽  
Di Hong Li ◽  
Dong Xing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Composite Laminates ◽  
Immersion Time ◽  
Moisture Absorption ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Bending Tests ◽  
Three Point Bending ◽  
Damage Propagation ◽  
Effect Of Moisture

The effects of moisture content on the bending strength of T300/914 composite laminates that immersed in water for 7 days and 14 days was discussed in this paper. The three-point bending tests were conducted on the composite laminates. Experimental results reveal that the moisture content in the laminates increased with immersion time and that moisture absorption accelerated damage propagation in the composite laminates. The bending strength of the unaged, aged specimens were characterized and analyzed. Compared to the unaged specimens, the bending strength of the composite laminates immersed for 7 and 14 days decreased by 6.62% and 16.98%, respectively. The results revealed that the bending strength of the aged specimens decreased with the increasing immersion time.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN MATERIAL RINGAN SERAT GELAS PADA INDUSTRI KERETA API

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 187-194
Author(s):  
Oki Kurniawan ◽  
Willy Artha Wirawan ◽  
Akbar Zulkarnain
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Transportation Industry ◽  
Fiber Glass ◽  
Railroad Industry ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Glass Reinforcement

Abstract The use of composite materials has been developed in the railroad transportation industry sector in Indonesia. For example, PT INKA has used composite materials with fiber glass reinforcement. The purpose of this study is to determine the characteristics of tensile strength and bending strength of the composite material so that it can be proposed to be further developed and utilized by the manufacturing industry, especially the railroad industry. In this study, 4 types of matrix variations were examined, namely epoxy, repoxy, polyester, and bhispenol using fiber glass reinforcement. Tensile strength and bending strength tests were performed in accordance with the ASTM D-638 and the ASTM D-790 standards, respectively. The results of this study indicate that the variation of the matrix is very influential on the tensile strength and bending strength of composite materials. Keywords: composite material, glass fiber, tensile strength, bending strength  Abstrak Penggunaan material komposit mulai banyak dikembangkan di sektor industri trasportasi kereta api di Indone-sia. Sebagai contoh, PT INKA sudah menggunakan material komposit dengan penguat serat gelas. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik kekuatan tarik dan kekuatan bending material komposit agar dapat diusulkan untuk lebih dikembangkan dan dimanfaatkan oleh industri manufaktur, khususnya industri kereta api. Pada penelitian ini digunakan 4 jenis variasi matriks, yaitu epoxy, repoxy, polyester, dan bhispenol dengan menggunakan penguat serat gelas. Pengujian kekuatan tarik menggunakan standar ASTM D-638 dan pengujian bending menggunakan standar ASTM D-790. Hasil studi ini menunjukkan bahwa variasi matriks sangat berpengaruh pada kekuatan tarik maupun kekuatan bending material komposit. Kata-kata kunci: material komposit, serat gelas, kekuatan tarik, kekuatan bending

scholarly journals Structural features of composite materials made of hydrolyzed birch wood

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 89-98
Author(s):  
Yu.G. Skurydin ◽  
◽  
E.M. Skurydina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Shear Modulus ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Dynamic Shear Modulus ◽  
Birch Wood ◽  
Dynamic Shear ◽  
Amorphous Component ◽  
Wood Processing

Structural features and physical and mechanical characteristics of plate composite materials are investigated. The materials are obtained from hydrolyzed birch wood by hot pressing without the addition of binding components. Wood processing is carried out by the method of explosive autohydrolysis without chemical reagents. The influence of pre-moistening of wood on the structure and properties of the composite material is studied. The structural features of the amorphous and crystalline components of the composite material are studied. It was found that the composite material obtained from pre-dried and pre-moistened wood retains the crystalline phase that is present in the original wood. Changes in the structure of wood when obtaining composite materials based on it occur in the amorphous component. Based on the temperature dependences of the dynamic shear modulus and the tangent of the angle of mechanical losses, information on the glass transition temperature of a complex of amorphous components of a composite material is obtained. It was found that the region of transition of lignin and hemicellulose macrochains from a glassy to a highly elastic state in the composite material is shifted towards low temperatures in comparison with the original wood. The offset is more than 70K. It is assumed that structural plasticization is the main cause of the detected effect. Pre-moistening of wood does not affect the position of the temperature transition in the amorphous component of the composite material. The study of the diffusion and sorption of water vapor in the samples of the material shows the presence of large structural inhomogeneities. Diffusion processes obey Fick’s second law and correlate with the density of samples. Data on density, static bending strength, water absorption and swelling characteristics of composite material samples were obtained. It is shown that the use of pre-moistening of wood before barothermal treatment significantly improves the structural uniformity of the resulting material. The value of the dynamic shear modulus at room temperature in comparison with the same indicator for the material obtained on the basis of dry wood increases three times. Mechanical losses are reduced, mechanical strength increases.

Microstructure and Flexural Property of CaCO3 Whisker Reinforced Epoxy Composite Material

2009 ◽  
Vol 620-622 ◽  
pp. 433-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Liu ◽  
Hui Cheng Shi ◽  
Hai Yun Jin ◽  
Nai Kui Gao ◽  
Zong Ren Peng
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Composite Materials ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Flexural Property ◽  
Pure Epoxy ◽  
Reinforced Composite ◽  
Maximum Value

Reinforcement was performed to epoxy resin by CaCO3 whisker, and the effect of flexural property of CaCO3 whisker reinforced composite materials was studied. The microstructures of the composite materials were observed by SEM. The results showed that the flexural strength of the composites increased with increasing CaCO3 whisker content, and the flexural strength reached to the maximum value when CaCO3 whisker content was about 15wt.%, and the maximum value was about 11% higher than that of pure epoxy resin. But, the strength would drop sharply with the excessive CaCO3 whisker.

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