scholarly journals Electrochemical Studies of WC-Flyash HVOF Coating Interface on SA209-T1 Steel under 3.5 NaCl Solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
D. Elango ◽  
A. Daniel Das ◽  
S. P. Kumaresh Babu ◽  
S. Natarajan ◽  
A. Yeshitla
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Hvof Coating ◽  
Corrosion Studies ◽  
Boiler Tubes ◽  
Boiler Material ◽  
Corrosive Environments ◽  
Oxygen Fuel

In this present research, the coatings of SA209-T1 using high velocity oxygen fuel were employed for the application of boiler tubes. Due to the adaptation of corrosion easy in boiler material, the research of those properties is significant because of its criticality and functionality during the service time. A right coating was found and applied on the SA209-T1 surface against corrosive environments. Good corrosion resistance is achieved by WC-flyash coatings applied on SA209-T1 substrate. The 90% WC-10% flyash coatings were found to be more protective followed by SA209-T1 steel. WC-flyash covering was tracked down so that the covering is compelling to secure the SA209-T1 steel substrate. It is reasoned that the arrangement of NiO, Cr2O3, CoO, and NiCr2O4 could add to the advancement of consumption opposition in coatings. The steel of uncoated endured erosion as extraordinary stripping and spalling of the scale, which could be because of the development of Fe2O3 oxide scale unprotectively. This paper reveals the performance, applications, and development of 90wt.% WC and 10wt.% fly ash through HVOF coating in SA209-T1 for electrochemical corrosion studies at room temperature.

scholarly journals Influence of Ultrasonic Excitation Sealing on the Corrosion Resistance of HVOF-Sprayed Nanostructured WC-CoCr Coatings under Different Corrosive Environments

Coatings ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang ◽  
Hong ◽  
Lin ◽  
Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Atmospheric Pressure ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Open Circuit Potential ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Aluminum Phosphate ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Corrosive Environments ◽  
Oxygen Fuel

The corrosion behavior of unsealed and sealed high-velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF)-sprayed nanostructured WC-CoCr cermet coatings under different corrosive environments was investigated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), open circuit potential (OCP), potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Ultrasonic excitation sealing with aluminum phosphate was performed in an external ultrasonic bath with the frequency of 40 kHz at atmospheric pressure and room temperature. SEM micrographs revealed that the exposed area of the coating was effectively reduced by the coverage of aluminum phosphate sealant on the majority of pores. Electrochemical measurements demonstrated that the sealant with the help of ultrasonic energy could shift the corrosion potential to a more noble direction, reduce the corrosion current density, increase the resistance of charge transfer, and effectively improve the corrosion resistance of the coating in both 3.5 wt % NaCl and 1 mol·L−1 HCl solutions.

scholarly journals Copper, Iron, and Aluminium Electrochemical Corrosion Rate Dependence on Temperature

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykhaylo Viktorovych Yarmolenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Electronic Device ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Dislocation Pipe ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Diffusion Activation

Our investigations show that electrochemical corrosion of copper is faster than electrochemical corrosion of aluminium at temperatures below 100°C. Literature data analysis shows that the Al atoms diffuse faster than the Cu atoms at temperatures higher than 475°C, Al-rich intermetallic compounds (IMCs) are formed faster in the Cu-Al system, and the Kirkendall plane shifts towards the Al side. Electrochemical corrosion occurs due to electric current and diffusion. An electronic device working time, for example, depends on the initial copper cover thickness on the aluminium wire, connected to the electronic device, temperature, and volume and dislocation pipe diffusion coefficients, so copper, iron, and aluminium electrochemical corrosion rates are investigated experimentally at room temperature and at temperature 100°C. Intrinsic diffusivities ratios of copper and aluminium at different temperatures and diffusion activation energies in the Cu-Al system are calculated by the proposed methods here using literature experimental data. Dislocation pipe and volume diffusion activation energies of pure iron are calculated separately by earlier proposed methods using literature experimental data. Aluminium dissolved into NaCl solution as the Al3+ ions at room temperature and at temperature 100°C, iron dissolved into NaCl solution as the Fe2+ (not Fe3+) ions at room temperature and at temperature 100°C, copper dissolved into NaCl solution as the Cu+ ions at room temperature, and as the Cu+ and the Cu2+ ions at temperature 100°C. It is found experimentally that copper corrosion is higher than aluminium corrosion, and the ratio of electrochemical corrosion rates, kCu/kAl > 1, decreases with temperature increasing, although iron electrochemical corrosion rate does not depend on temperature below 100°C. It is obvious because the melting point of iron is higher than the melting point of copper or aluminium. It is calculated that copper electrochemical corrosion rate is approximately equal to aluminium electrochemical corrosion at a temperature of about 300°C, so the copper can dissolve into NaCl solution mostly as the Cu2+ ions at a temperature of about 300°C. The ratio of intrinsic diffusivities, DCu/DAl < 1, increases with temperature increasing, and intrinsic diffusivity of aluminium could be approximately equal to intrinsic diffusivity of copper at a temperature of about 460°C.

Corrosion Fatigue Characteristics of Artificially Degraded CF8A Steel in 3.5 WT.% NaCl Solution

2006 ◽  
Vol 321-323 ◽  
pp. 611-614
Author(s):  
Seong Cheol Jang ◽  
Dong Ho Bae ◽  
Gyu Young Lee
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Fatigue ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Fracture Characteristics ◽  
Solution Increase ◽  
Fatigue Characteristics ◽  
Crack Growth Rates

CF8A steel is a material of the piping system in nuclear power plant. In order to evaluate its fracture characteristics and degradation by corrosion, electrochemical corrosion and corrosion fatigue characteristics were evaluated. CF8A steel was artificially degraded at 400°C for 3 months. Corrosion rate of degraded CF8A steel in NaCl solution of room temperature increases with concentration of NaCl solution increase. However, concentration of NaCl solution will be more than 4.0wt.%, it shows decreasing tendency. Crack growth rates of degraded and not-degraded CF8A steel in air condition do not show remarkable difference. However, in 3.5wt.% NaCl solution, it showed higher than that of in air.

Influence of Various Binder of the Protective Properties of Paint Coatings

2009 ◽  
Vol 415 ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
Cristian Pirvu ◽  
Rodica Stancu ◽  
Paula Drob ◽  
Ecaterina Vasilescu ◽  
Cora Vasilescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Steel Substrate ◽  
3D Structure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Curing Process ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Protective Films ◽  
Paint Coatings ◽  
Paint Films

The paper presents the results of the electrochemical and surface study concerning the binder influence on protective properties of paint coatings. The protective films realized with various binders were applied on carbon steel substrate. The experiments carried out in a 3% NaCl solution, normal aerated at the room temperature. The experimental results show that the paint films containing binders with three-dimensional (3D) structure provide good protective properties. The best performance is exhibited by the paint films with the alkyd binder, due to their 3D structure formed as a result of chemical reactions of the binder with the oxygen from atmosphere during the curing process.

Intrinsic Diffusivities Ratio Analysis in Double Multiphase Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 413 ◽  
pp. 47-64
Author(s):  
Mykhaylo V. Yarmolenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Activation Energies ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Dislocation Pipe ◽  
Diffusion Activation

Our investigations show that electrochemical corrosion of copper is faster than electrochemical corrosion of aluminium at temperatures below 100°C. Literature data analysis shows that the Al atoms diffuse faster than the Cu atoms at temperatures higher than 475°C, Al rich intermetallic compounds (IMCs) are formed faster in the Cu-Al system, and the Kirkendall plane shifts toward the Al side. Electrochemical corrosion occurs due to electric current and due to diffusion. An electronic devise working time, for example, depends on initial copper cover thickness on aluminium wire, connected to the electronic devise, temperature, and volume and dislocation pipe diffusion coefficients, so copper, iron, and aluminium electrochemical corrosion rates are investigated experimentally at room temperature and at temperature 100°C. Intrinsic diffusivities ratios of copper and aluminium at different temperatures and diffusion activation energies in the Cu-Al system are calculated by proposed here methods using literature experimental data. Dislocation pipe and volume diffusion activation energies of pure iron are calculated separately by earlier proposed method using literature experimental data. Aluminium dissolved into NaCl solution as the Al3+ ions at room temperature and at temperature 100°C, iron dissolved into NaCl solution as the Fe2+ (not Fe3+) ions at room temperature and at temperature 100°C, copper dissolved into NaCl solution as the Cu+ ions at room temperature and as the Cu+ and the Cu2+ ions at temperature 100°C. It is found experimentally that copper corrosion is higher than aluminium corrosion, and ratio of electrochemical corrosion rates, kCu/kAl>1, decreases with temperature increasing, although iron electrochemical corrosion rate does not depend on temperature below 100°C. It is obvious, because the melting point of iron is more higher than the melting point of copper or aluminium. It is calculated that the copper electrochemical corrosion rate is approximately equal to aluminium electrochemical corrosion at temperature about 300°C, so copper can dissolve into NaCl solution mostly as the Cu2+ ions at temperature about 300°C. The ratio of intrinsic diffusivities, DCu/DAl<1, increases with temperature increasing, and the intrinsic diffusivity of aluminium could be approximately equal to the intrinsic diffusivity of copper at temperature about 460oC. Intrinsic diffusivities ratios in the Cu-Zn system at temperature 400°C and in the Cu-Sn system at temperatures from 190°C to 250°C are analyzed theoretically using literature experimental data. Diffusion activation energies and pre-exponential coefficients for the Cu-Sn system are calculated combining literature experimental results.

Corrosion and Corrosion Fatigue Characteristics of CF8A Steel Degraded for 3 Months at 400°C

2007 ◽  
Vol 120 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Dong Ho Bae ◽  
Seong Cheol Jang ◽  
Gyu Young Lee
Keyword(s):  
Crack Growth ◽  
Corrosion Fatigue ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Piping System ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Fundamental Study ◽  
Fatigue Characteristics ◽  
Crack Growth Rates

In this paper, as a fundamental study to evaluate fracture characteristics and material degradation by corrosion, evaluated electrochemical corrosion and corrosion fatigue characteristics of CF8A steel using as a material of the piping system in nuclear power plant. CF8A steel was artificially degraded at 400°C for 3 months. The environmental test condition is 3.5wt.% NaCl solution of room temperature. Corrosion rate of degraded CF8A steel in NaCl solution of room temperature increases with concentration of NaCl solution increase. However, concentration of NaCl solution will be more than 4.0wt.%, it shows decreasing tendency. Crack growth rates of degraded and not-degraded CF8A steel in air condition do not show remarkable difference. However, in 3.5wt.% NaCl solution, crack growth rates of them showed higher than ones in air. Particularly, crack growth rate of degraded material remarkably increases compare to one of notdegraded material.

scholarly journals Copper, Iron, and Aluminium Electrochemical Corrosion Rates and Intrinsic Diffusivitives Dependence on Temperature Investigations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mykhaylo Viktorovych Yarmolenko
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Intrinsic Diffusivity ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
Dislocation Pipe ◽  
Diffusion Activation

Our investigations show that electrochemical corrosion of copper is faster than electrochemical corrosion of aluminium at temperatures below 100oC. Literature data analysis shows that the Al atoms diffuse faster than the Cu atoms at temperatures higher than 475oC, Al rich intermetallic compounds (IMCs) are formed faster in the Cu-Al system, and the Kirkendall plane shifts toward Al side. Electrochemical corrosion occurs due to electric current and due to diffusion. An electronic devise working time, for example, depends on initial copper cover thickness on aluminium wire, connected to the electronic devise, temperature, and volume and dislocation pipe diffusion coefficients, so copper, iron, and aluminium electrochemical corrosion rates are investigated experimentally at room temperature and at temperature 100oC. Intrinsic diffusivities ratios of copper and aluminium at different temperatures and diffusion activation energies in the Cu-Al system are calculated by proposed here methods using literature experimental data. Dislocation pipe and volume diffusion activation energies of pure iron are calculated separately by earlier proposed method using literature experimental data. Aluminium dissolved into NaCl solution as the Al3+ ions at room temperature and at temperature 100oC, iron dissolved into NaCl solution as the Fe2+ (not Fe3+) ions at room temperature and at temperature 100oC, copper dissolved into NaCl solution as the Cu+ ions at room temperature and as the Cu+ and the Cu2+ ions at temperature 100oC. It is founded experimentally that copper corrosion is higher than aluminium corrosion, and ratio of electrochemical corrosion rates, kCu/kAl&gt;1, decreases with temperature increasing, although iron electrochemical corrosion rate doesn’t depend on temperature below 100oC. It is obvious, because melting point of iron is more higher then melting point of copper or aluminium. It is calculated that copper electrochemical corrosion rate is approximately equal to aluminium electrochemical corrosion at temperature about 300oC, so copper can dissolve into NaCl solution mostly as the Cu2+ ions at temperature about 300oC. Ratio of intrinsic diffusivities, DCu/DAl &lt;1, increases with temperature increasing, and intrinsic diffusivity of aluminium could be approximately equal to intrinsic diffusivity of copper at temperature about 460oC.

scholarly journals Effects of Yttrium Addition on the Microstructure Evolution and Electrochemical Corrosion of SN-9zn Lead-Free Solders Al-Loy

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (10) ◽  
pp. 2549
Author(s):  
Wenchao Yang ◽  
Jun Mao ◽  
Yueyuan Ma ◽  
Shuyuan Yu ◽  
Hongping He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Microstructure Evolution ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion ◽  
Lead Free ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Rich Phase ◽  
Yttrium Addition ◽  
Electrochemical Corrosion Behavior ◽  
Lead Free Solders ◽  
Addition Amount

Electrochemical corrosion behavior of ternary tin-zinc-yttrium (Sn-9Zn-xY) solder alloys were investigated in aerated 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution using potentiodynamic polarization techniques, and the microstructure evolution was obtained by scanning electron microscope (SEM). Eight different compositions of Sn-9Zn-xY (x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, 0.10, 0.20, and 0.30 wt.%) were compared by melting. The experimental results show that when the content of Y reached 0.06 wt.%, the grain size of Zn-rich phase became the smallest and the effect of grain refinement was the best, but there was no significant effect on the melting point. With the increases of Y content, the spreading ratio first increased and then decreased. When the content of Y was 0.06 wt.%, the Sn-9Zn-0.06Y solder alloy had the best wettability on the Cu substrate, which was increased by approximately 20% compared with Sn-9Zn. Besides, the electrochemical corrosion experimental shows that the Y can improve the corrosion resistance of Sn-9Zn system in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, and the corrosion resistance of the alloy is better when the amount of Y added is larger within 0.02–0.30 wt.%. Overall considering all performances, the optimal performance can be obtained when the addition amount of Y is 0.06.

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