scholarly journals Dairy Consumption and Risk of Conventional and Serrated Precursors of Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Li-Lianagzi Guo ◽  
Yu-Ting Li ◽  
Jun Yao ◽  
Li-Sheng Wang ◽  
Wei-Wei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
Fermented Dairy Products ◽  
Fermented Dairy

Objective. The consumption of dairy is associated with decreased risk of colorectal cancer (CRC), but few studies have assessed the relationship between dairy consumption and precursors of CRC. Therefore, we performed the first meta-analysis to further evaluate this association. Methods. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched through July 2020 for observational studies. Study-specific risk estimates for the highest versus lowest category were pooled using the random-effects and fixed-effects model. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed using the ROBINS-I Scale. Results. A total of 12 studies were included (3 cohort studies and 9 case-control studies). Compared with the lowest level consumption, fermented dairy products had a decreased risk of precursors of CRC in both cohort (RR = 0.92 95% CI: 0.87–0.97) and case-control studies (RR = 0.98 95% CI: 0.96–0.99). Total dairy (RR = 0.80 95% CI: 0.68–0.96) and cheese (RR = 0.96 95% CI: 0.93–0.99) consumption was inversely associated with the risk in case-control studies whereas yogurt consumption was inversely associated with the risk in cohort studies (RR = 0.91 95%CI: 0.86–0.96). No significant associations were found for consumption of total milk and non/low-fat milk. For dose-response analyses, evidence of linear association was found in total dairy and yogurt consumption. The risk decreased by 12% for an increment of 200 g/d total dairy consumption (RR = 0.88 95% CI: 0.81–0.95) and decreased by 8% for an increment of 50 g/d yogurt consumption (RR = 0.92 95% CI: 0.85–0.99). Conclusions. Fermented dairy products, specifically yogurt and cheese, were significantly associated with decreased risk of conventional and serrated precursors of colorectal cancer.

Soy Consumption with Risk of Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke: A Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danfei Lou ◽  
Yuehua Li ◽  
Guoliang Yan ◽  
Jianhong Bu ◽  
Haihui Wang
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Relative Risks ◽  
Product Consumption

Background: The association of soy product consumption with the relative risk of cardiovascular disease remains controversial. This meta-analysis aimed at investigating whether an association exists between soy consumption and the risk of stroke and coronary heart disease (CHD) in observational studies. Methods: A systematic search of the PubMed and EMBASE databases was performed for case-control and cohort studies that assessed soy consumption and the risk of stroke and CHD. Summary relative risks (SRRs) and 95% CIs were combined by using a random-effects model. Results: Of a total of 1,266 abstracts, 5 prospective cohort and 6 case-control studies met our inclusion criteria, and comprised 4,954 stroke and 7,616 CHD events. Based on the high vs. low analyses, combining cohort studies showed no association between soy intake and risk of stroke (SRR 0.92; 95% CI 0.70-1.10; Pheterogeneity = 0.236; I2 = 29.4%) or CHD (SRR 0.97; 95% CI 0.74-1.27; Pheterogeneity = 0.020; I2 = 62.7%), although a significantly inverse association between soy intake and the risk of stroke (SRR 0.54; 95% CI 0.34-0.87; Pheterogeneity = 0.001; I2 = 79.3%) and CHD (SRR 0.66; 95% CI 0.56-0.77; Pheterogeneity = 0.421; I2 = 0) was observed in case-control studies. No association between soy isoflavone intake and the risk of stroke and CHD was identified. Conclusion: There was limited evidence to indicate that soy consumption was inversely associated with the risk of stroke and CHD, although further studies, with prospective designs that use validated questionnaires and control for important confounders, are warranted.

scholarly journals Dietary patterns and CVD: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (9) ◽  
pp. 1341-1359 ◽  
Author(s):  
Míriam Rodríguez-Monforte ◽  
Gemma Flores-Mateo ◽  
Emília Sánchez
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Chd Risk ◽  
Control Comparison

AbstractEpidemiological studies show that diet is linked to the risk of developing CVD. The objective of this meta-analysis was to estimate the association between empirically derived dietary patterns and CVD. PubMed was searched for observational studies of data-driven dietary patterns that reported outcomes of cardiovascular events. The association between dietary patterns and CVD was estimated using a random-effects meta-analysis with 95 % CI. Totally, twenty-two observational studies met the inclusion criteria. The pooled relative risk (RR) for CVD, CHD and stroke in a comparison of the highest to the lowest category of prudent/healthy dietary patterns in cohort studies was 0·69 (95 % CI 0·60, 0·78; I2=0 %), 0·83 (95 % CI 0·75, 0·92; I2=44·6 %) and 0·86 (95 % CI 0·74, 1·01; I2=59·5 %), respectively. The pooled RR of CHD in a case–control comparison of the highest to the lowest category of prudent/healthy dietary patterns was 0·71 (95 % CI 0·63, 0·80; I2=0 %). The pooled RR for CVD, CHD and stroke in a comparison of the highest to the lowest category of western dietary patterns in cohort studies was 1·14 (95 % CI 0·92, 1·42; I2=56·9 %), 1·03 (95 % CI 0·90, 1·17; I2=59·4 %) and 1·05 (95 % CI 0·91, 1·22; I2=27·6 %), respectively; in case–control studies, there was evidence of increased CHD risk. Our results support the evidence of the prudent/healthy pattern as a protective factor for CVD.

scholarly journals Coffee consumption and risk of colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis of observational studies

2012 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guowei Li ◽  
Defu Ma ◽  
Yumei Zhang ◽  
Wei Zheng ◽  
Peiyu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Colon Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Coffee Consumption ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Risk ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObjectiveSeparate meta-analyses based on case–control and cohort studies have reported different results on the relationship between coffee consumption and colorectal cancer risk. To clarify the effect of coffee intake on colorectal cancer risk, we performed a meta-analysis based on both case–control and cohort studies.DesignReview study.SettingWe identified case–control and cohort studies related to coffee consumption and colorectal cancer risk listed on MEDLINE, the Cochrane Controlled Trials Register, EMBASE, Science Citation Index and PubMed (until May 2011).SubjectsResearch literature on the relationship between coffee consumption and colorectal cancer risk.ResultsTwenty-five case–control (15 522 cases) and sixteen cohort studies (10 443 cases) were included in the meta-analysis. Comparing the highest v. the lowest/non category of coffee consumption, the combined results from case–control studies showed a significant relationship with colorectal cancer (OR = 0·85, 95 % CI 0·75, 0·97) and colon cancer (OR = 0·79, 95 % CI 0·67, 0·95), but not rectal cancer (OR = 0·95, 95 % CI 0·79, 1·15). For cohort studies, there was a slight suggestion of an inverse association with colorectal cancer (relative ratio = 0·94; 95 % CI 0·88, 1·01) and colon cancer (OR = 0·93, 95 % CI 0·86, 1·01), rather than rectal cancer (OR = 0·98, 95 % CI 0·88, 1·09). In subgroup analyses using case–control studies, significant inverse associations were found in females for colorectal cancer and in Europe for colorectal and colon cancer, while the subgroup analyses of cohort studies found that coffee drinks substantially decreased risk of colon cancer only in Asian women.ConclusionsResults from case–control studies suggest coffee consumption can significantly decrease the risks of colorectal cancer and colon cancer, especially in Europe and for females.

Associations of dietary carbohydrate and salt consumption with esophageal cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (8) ◽  
pp. 688-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kondwani-Joseph Banda ◽  
Hsiao-Yean Chiu ◽  
Sophia Hueylan Hu ◽  
Hsiu-Chun Yeh ◽  
Kuan-Chia Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Esophageal Cancer ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Dietary Carbohydrate ◽  
Dietary Salt ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Salt Consumption

Abstract Context Evidence has shown that essential nutrients are highly correlated with the occurrence of esophageal cancer (EC). However, findings from observational studies on the associations between dietary carbohydrate, salt consumption, and the risk of EC remain controversial. Objective The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to confirm the associations of dietary carbohydrate and salt consumption with EC risk. Data Source Various electronic databases (PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, Chinese Electronic Periodical Services, and China Knowledge Resource Integrated) were searched up until January 31, 2019. Data Extraction Data related to patient characteristics and study characteristics were extracted by 2 independent reviewers. The risk ratio reported as relative risk (RR) or odds ratio (OR) was extracted, and random-effects models were performed to estimate the summary risk ratio. Results In total, 26 studies were included in this analysis, of which 12 studies, including 11 case-control studies and 1 cohort study, examined dietary carbohydrates, and 18 studies, including 16 case-control studies and 2 cohort studies, examined dietary salt. The pooled OR showed that dietary carbohydrate intake was inversely related to EC risk (OR = 0.62; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.50–0.77), but positive correlations between dietary salt intake and the risk of EC were supported by the recruited case-control studies (OR = 1.97; 95% CI, 1.50–2.61) and cohort studies (RR = 1.04; 95% CI, 1.00–1.08). Conclusions Salt is an essential nutrient for body functions and biochemical processes. Providing health education and management regarding proper use of salt in daily foods and labeling the amount of sodium in manufactured products to reduce the risk of developing EC should be more appropriately performed in the general population.

Consumption of Artificially-sweetened Soft Drinks and Risk of Gastrointestinal Cancer: A Meta-analysis of Observational Studies

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-50
Author(s):  
Alfred Jatho ◽  
Jansen Marcos Cambia ◽  
Seung-Kwon Myung ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Soft Drinks ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Gi Cancer ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Objective: There remain inconclusive findings from previous observational epidemiological studies on whether consumption of artificially-sweetened soft drinks (ASSDs) increases the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. We investigated the associations between the consumption of ASSDs and the risk of GI cancer using a meta-analysis. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Setting: PubMed and EMBASE were searched using keywords until May 2020 to identify observational epidemiological studies on the association between the consumption of ASSDs and the risk of GI cancer. Subjects: Twenty-one case-control studies and 17 cohort studies with 12,397 cancer cases and 2,474,452 controls. Results: In the random-effects meta-analysis of all the studies, consumption of ASSDs was not significantly associated with the risk of overall GI cancer (odds ratio (OR)/relative risk (RR), 1.02; 95% CI, 0.92-1.14). There was no significant association between the consumption of ASSDs and the risk of overall GI cancer in the subgroup meta-analyses by study design (case-control studies: OR, 0.95; 95% CI, 0.82-1.11; cohort studies: RR, 1.14; 95% CI, 0.97-1.33). In the subgroup meta-analysis by type of cancer, consumption of ASSDs was significantly associated with the increased risk of liver cancer (OR/RR, 1.28; 95% CI,1.03-1.58). Conclusions: The current meta-analysis of observational epidemiological studies suggests that overall, there is no significant association between the consumption of ASSDs and the risk of GI cancer.

scholarly journals Patients with Parkinson’s disease predict a lower incidence of colorectal cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongsheng Fang ◽  
Yunlan Du ◽  
Shuting Pan ◽  
Ming Zhong ◽  
Jiayin Tang
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Recent Theory ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Case Control Studies

Abstract Background Recent theory on the “gut-brain axis” suggests a close relationship between the dysfunction of the gut and the disorders of the brain. Methods We performed a systemic literature search followed by a multi-step inclusion selection for all studies on the risk of Colorectal cancer (CRC) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients using the following databases: PubMed, EMBASE and WOS. Relative risk (RR) and the 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using either the random-effects model or the fixed-effects meta-analysis model, based on the assessment of heterogeneity. Results Seventeen studies involving a total of 375,964 PD patients and 879,307 cancer patients were included. Independent meta-analyses for cohort studies and case-control studies showed that the overall pooled RR of the cohort studies was 0.78 (0.66–0.91), and that of the case-control studies was 0.78 (0.65–0.94), indicating that patients with PD have a significantly decreased risk for CRC. The significant lower risk is present in both the colon and the rectum subgroups classified by tumor location. Moreover, the risk for CRC is significantly lower in America (RR = 0.58), Europe (RR = 0.82) and Asia (RR = 0.83) compared to the control population. Conclusion The occurrence of CRC was significantly lower in patients with diagnosis of PD.

scholarly journals Diabetes mellitus and the risk of ovarian cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of cohort and case–control studies

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e040137
Author(s):  
Lihai Wang ◽  
Lei Zhong ◽  
Bin Xu ◽  
Min Chen ◽  
Hongxiao Huang
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Ovarian Cancer ◽  
Cohort Studies ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
History Of

ObjectiveEmerging evidence from observational studies (cohort and case–control studies) suggests that a history of diabetes mellitus (DM) has been linked to increased risk of ovarian cancer (OC), but the association between them remains inconclusive. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies was to clarify this association.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane library databases published from the inception through 9 April 2020 without language restriction. Observational studies that evaluated the correlation between DM and the incidence of OC were included in our study. Relative risk (RR) with 95% CI was pooled by use of a random-effects model.ResultsA total of 36 epidemiological articles, including 9 case–control and 27 cohort studies, were finally enrolled, consisting of 14 496 incident cases of OC. Synthesised RRs of developing OC by history of DM were 1.20 (95% CI=1.10 to 1.31) for all eligible studies, 1.08 (95% CI=0.77 to 1.53) for case–control studies and 1.22 (95% CI=1.11 to 1.33) for cohort studies. The above-mentioned positive association persisted across most of subgroup analyses, whereas it was not significant among studies from North American and European countries, level of unadjusted, and patients with low-quality and gestational DM group. The cumulative meta-analysis and sensitivity analysis showed pooled effect was stable and reliable, and no apparent publication bias was identified in this study.ConclusionsOur study found weaker but still association between DM and OC risk. However, further well-designed prospective studies that control for potential confounders are warranted.

scholarly journals Effect of probiotic fermented dairy products on incidence of respiratory tract infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Rashidi ◽  
Bahman Razi ◽  
Mina Darand ◽  
Azadeh Dehghani ◽  
Parisa Janmohammadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Dairy Products ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infections ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Fermented Dairy Products ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Fermented Dairy

Abstract Background Previous studies have suggested that the consumption of probiotic fermented dairy products (PFDP) may have a protective effect on respiratory tract infections (RTIs). However, the results of studies are inconclusive. We aimed to systematically investigate the effect of PFDP on RTIs by performing a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Methods PubMed and Scopus databases were systematically searched up to October 2020 to identify eligible RCTs. Meta-analysis outcomes were risk of incidence of upper (URTIs ) and lower (LRTIs ) respiratory tract infections. A random-effects model was used to pool the relative risks (RR) and corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI) for outcomes following conception of PFDP. Results A total of 22 RCTs, with a total sample size of 10,190 participants, were included in this meta-analysis. Compared with placebo, consumption of PFDP had a significant protective effect against RTIs in the overall analysis (RR = 0.81, 95 %CI: 0.74 to 0.89) and in children (RR = 0.82, 95 %CI: 0.73 to 0.93), adults (RR = 0.81, 95 %CI: 0.66 to 1.00), and elderly population (RR = 0.78, 95 %CI: 0.61 to 0.98). The significant decreased risk of RTIs was also observed for URTIs (RR = 0.83, 95 %CI: 0.73 to 0.93), while, this effect was marginal for LRTIs (RR = 0.78, 95 %CI: 0.60 to 1.01, P = 0.06). The disease-specific analysis showed that PFDP have a protective effect on pneumonia (RR = 0.76, 95 %CI: 0.61 to 0.95) and common cold (RR = 0.68, 95 %CI: 0.49 to 0.96). Conclusions Consumption of PFDP is a potential dietary approach for the prevention of RTIs.

scholarly journals Relevance of hMLH1 -93G>A, 655A>G and 1151T>A polymorphisms with colorectal cancer susceptibility: a meta-analysis based on 38 case-control studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 942-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zare ◽  
Jamal Jafari-Nedooshan ◽  
Mohammadali Jafari ◽  
Hossein Neamatzadeh ◽  
Seyed Mojtaba Abolbaghaei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Cancer Susceptibility ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Meta Analyses

SUMMARY OBJECTIVE: There has been increasing interest in the study of the association between human mutL homolog 1 (hMLH1) gene polymorphisms and risk of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, results from previous studies are inconclusive. Thus, a meta-analysis was conducted to derive a more precise estimation of the effects of this gene. METHODS: A comprehensive search was conducted in the PubMed, EMBASE, Chinese Biomedical Literature databases until January 1, 2018. Odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to assess the strength of the association. RESULTS: Finally, 38 case-control studies in 32 publications were identified met our inclusion criteria. There were 14 studies with 20668 cases and 19533 controls on hMLH1 −93G>A, 11 studies with 5,786 cases and 8,867 controls on 655A>G and 5 studies with 1409 cases and 1637 controls on 1151T>A polymorphism. The combined results showed that 655A>G and 1151T>A polymorphisms were significantly associated with CRC risk, whereas −93G>A polymorphism was not significantly associated with CRC risk. As for ethnicity, −93G>A and 655A>G polymorphisms were associated with increased risk of CRC among Asians, but not among Caucasians. More interestingly, subgroup analysis indicated that 655A>G might raise CRC risk in PCR-RFLP and HB subgroups. CONCLUSION: Inconsistent with previous meta-analyses, this meta-analysis shows that the hMLH1 655A>G and 1151T>A polymorphisms might be risk factors for CRC. Moreover, the −93G>A polymorphism is associated with the susceptibility of CRC in Asian population.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document