Excess Body Weight during Childhood and Adolescence Is Associated with the Risk of Multiple Sclerosis: A Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-108 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhen Liu ◽  
Ting-Ting Zhang ◽  
Jie Yu ◽  
Ying-Li Liu ◽  
Su-Fen Qi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Male Group ◽  
Increased Risk

Background and Aim: Several epidemiological studies have reported the association between obesity and multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: A literature search of the observational studies, published as original articles in English before December 2015, was performed using electronic databases. Results: Five observational studies were included, of which 3 were case-control studies and 2 were cohort studies. The pooled relative risk (RR) for overweight and obesity during childhood and adolescence compared with normal weight (body mass index = 18.5-24.9 kg/m2) was 1.44 (95% CI 1.22-1.70) and 2.01 (95% CI 1.63-2.48), respectively. In subgroup analyses, we found that excess body weight during childhood and adolescence increased the risk of MS in the female group (overweight: pooled RR = 1.62, 95% CI 1.35-1.94; obesity: pooled RR = 2.25, 95% CI 1.77-2.85), but not in the male group (overweight: pooled RR = 1.19, 95% CI 0.91-1.55; obesity: pooled RR = 1.22, 95% CI 0.79-1.90). Conclusions: Excess body weight during childhood and adolescence was associated with an increased risk of MS; severe obesity demonstrated a stronger risk. A statistically significant association was found in the female group, but not in the male group.

Is overweight/obesity a risk factor for atopic allergic disease in prepubertal children? A case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aysel Vehapoglu ◽  
Zeynep Ebru Cakın ◽  
Feyza Ustabas Kahraman ◽  
Mustafa Atilla Nursoy ◽  
Ali Toprak
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Allergic Disease ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Healthy Children ◽  
Prepubertal Children ◽  
Body Weight Status ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Objectives It is unclear whether body weight status (underweight/normal weight/overweight/obese) is associated with allergic disease. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between body weight status (body mass index; BMI) and atopic allergic disease in prepubertal children, and to compare children with atopic allergic diseases with non atopic healthy children. Methods A prospective cross sectional study of 707 prepubertal children aged 3–10 years was performed; the participants were 278 atopic children with physician-diagnosed allergic disease (allergic rhinitis and asthma) (serum total IgE level >100 kU/l and eosinophilia >4%, or positivity to at least one allergen in skin test) and 429 non atopic healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Data were collected between December 2019 and November 2020 at the Pediatric General and Pediatric Allergy Outpatient Clinics of Bezmialem Vakıf University Hospital. Results Underweight was observed in 11.6% of all participants (10.8% of atopic children, 12.2% of healthy controls), and obesity in 14.9% of all participants (18.0% of atopic children, 12.8% of controls). Obese (OR 1.71; 95% CI: 1.08–2.71, p=0.021), and overweight status (OR 1.62; 95% CI: 1.06–2.50, p=0.026) were associated with an increased risk of atopic allergic disease compared to normal weight in pre-pubertal children. This association did not differ by gender. There was no relationship between underweight status and atopic allergic disease (OR 1.03; 95% CI: 0.63–1.68, p=0.894). Conclusions Overweight and obesity were associated with an increased risk of atopic allergic disease compared to normal weight among middle-income and high-income pre pubertal children living in Istanbul.

scholarly journals Adiponectin Associates with Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk in Overweight and Obesity Independently of Other Adipokines

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (13) ◽  
pp. 2791
Author(s):  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Linda Johansson ◽  
Johanna Andersson-Assarsson ◽  
Magdalena Taube ◽  
Markku Peltonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Northern Sweden ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Nested Case Control

We recently reported that increased serum adiponectin was associated with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk in subjects with obesity. We hereby aim to determine if other adipokines associate with RA risk and if the association between adiponectin and RA is independent of other adipokines. Two nested-case control studies were performed in two different cohorts: 82 participants of the Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study who developed RA during follow-up matched with 410 controls, and 88 matched pairs from the Medical Biobank of Northern Sweden. Baseline levels of circulating adipokines were measured using ELISA. In a multivariable analysis in the SOS cohort, higher adiponectin was associated with an increased risk of RA independently of other adipokines (OR for RA risk: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.01–1.12, p = 0.02). No association between leptin, resistin, and visfatin levels and the risk of RA was detected. In the cohort from the Medical Biobank of Northern Sweden, higher adiponectin was associated with an increased risk of RA only in participants with overweight/obesity (OR: 1.17, 95% CI: 1.01−1.36, p = 0.03), independently of other adipokines. Our results show that in individuals with overweight/obesity, higher circulating levels of adiponectin, but not leptin, resistin, or visfatin, were associated with an increased RA risk.

scholarly journals Media use and excess body weight among women in Nigeria: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. e020802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishwajit Ghose ◽  
Sanni Yaya
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Cross Sectional

ObjectivesTo investigate the (1) time trends in body mass index (BMI) and (2) relationship between media use and body weight status among adult women in Nigeria. We hypothesise that higher frequency of media use is associated with higher likelihood of being overweight and obesity among adult women.Study designCross-sectional.SettingUrban and rural settings in Nigeria.ParticipantsAdult non-pregnant women aged between 15 and 49 years.MethodsData were derived from Nigeria Demographic and Health Surveys conducted in 2003, 2008 and 2013. The outcome variable was excess body weight (overweight and obesity), and main explanatory variables were frequency of reading newspaper, listening to radio and television (TV) viewing. Datasets were merged to perform pooled analysis, and were analysed using bivariate and multivariable regression techniques.ResultsOf the 69 401 participants, 16.2% had a BMI of 25.0–29.9 kg/m2(95% CI 15.8 to 16.6) and 6.6% had >30 kg/m2(95% CI 6.3 to 6.9). Between 2003 and 2013, the prevalence of overweight women increased by 4.1%, and that of obesity by 2.2%. Overall, radio was the most popular media followed by TV and newspaper. Respectively, 15.6% and 11.7% of the women reported using radio and TV almost every day and 30.6% and 25.1% at least once a week. In multivariable analysis, watching TV almost every day and at least once a week were associated with, respectively, 1.6 and 1.2 times higher odds of being overweight, and 2.7 and 1.5 times higher odds of being obese compared with those who never used radio. Similarly, significant associations were observed for newspaper and radio use as well.ConclusionThe prevalence of overweight and obesity is noticeably high among Nigerian women and has been increasing steadily over the past decade. A statistically significant association exists between BMI and the use of newspaper, radio and TV. Further studies are required to develop a better understanding of the mechanisms that underlie this relationship.

scholarly journals Excessive body weight and its relationship to body image in teenagers aged 16–18 years old in South Jakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 45
Author(s):  
Dania Mirza Ramadhanty ◽  
Bernie Endyarni Medise
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Excessive Body Weight ◽  
Chi Square Analysis

Objective. Overweight is one of the health problems that often occur in children and adolescents throughout the world, both in developed and developing countries. Study results in USA showed yearly increase of overweight prevalence in children aged 2–19 years old. In addition, based on the results by the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2009–2010 in United States, the highest percentage of overweight and obesity by age group was found at 12–19 years old (33.6%). Basic Health Research/Riskesdas’s data in 2013 showed the prevalence of overweight in adolescents aged 16–18 years old in Indonesia reached the highest value of 11.5%. Moreover, most teenagers see their body images as a match between self’s and others’ ideal perception. Teenagers with positive body image tend to be more confident and also easier to get along with other people, especially their peers. In this study, researcher aimed to investigate the relationship between teenagers who have excess body weight with body image, whether it had positive or negative impact.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Data collection was done from December 2017 to January 2018. Data collected were anthropometric measurements (weight and height) and the King College London Body Image Questionnaire's filled by participants. From 400 subjects who filled the questionnaires, a total of 350 participants matched the inclusion criteria and were analyzed. Chi square test was done as data analysis.Results: Chi-square analysis for excess body weight status in relation to body image scores showed no relationship (p=1,000).Conclusions: There was no significant relationship between excessive body weight and body image. 

scholarly journals The Obesity Paradox in Type 2 Diabetes and Mortality

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 244-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deirdre K. Tobias ◽  
JoAnn E. Manson
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Mortality Risk ◽  
Obesity Paradox ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Epidemiological Methods ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Methodological Considerations

The obesity paradox for survival among individuals with type 2 diabetes has been observed in some but not all studies. Conflicting evidence for the role of overweight and obesity in all-cause mortality may largely be a result of differences in study populations, epidemiological methods, and statistical analysis. For example, analyses among populations with long-term prevalent diabetes and the accrual of other chronic health conditions are more likely to observe that the sickest participants have lower body weights, and therefore, relative to normal weight, overweight and even obesity appear advantageous. Other mortality risk factors, such as smoking, also confound the relationship between body weight and survival, but this behavior varies widely in intensity and duration, making it difficult to assess and effectively adjust for in statistical models. Disentangling the potential sources of bias is imperative in understanding the relevance of excess body weight to mortality in diabetes. In this review, we summarize methodological considerations underlying the observed obesity paradox. Based on the available evidence, we conclude that the obesity paradox is likely an artifact of biases, and once these are accounted for, it is evident that compared with normal body weight, excess body weight is associated with a greater mortality risk.

The Association Between Smoking and Hodgkin Lymphoma

Blood ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 116 (21) ◽  
pp. 2560-2560
Author(s):  
Samir Dalia ◽  
Jorge J. Castillo
Keyword(s):  
Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽  
Prospective Studies ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Current Smoking ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Dissemination Bias ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Ottawa Scale

Abstract Abstract 2560 Introduction: Few risk factors for the development of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) have been described. A relationship between smoking and the subsequent development of HL has been suggested from previous reports; however, the available data are largely conflicting. The primary objective of this meta-analysis of observational studies is to evaluate the potential epidemiologic relationship, if any, between smoking and HL. Methods: We searched MEDLINE from January 1, 1960 to June 30, 2010 for observational studies on the association between smoking and HL in adults using the keywords “smoking” and “lymphoma”. Prospective cohort studies and case-control studies that reported relative risks (RR), hazard ratios, or odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were included. Literature search, study selection and data gathering were performed independently by the two of authors. Cases were subdivided in ever smokers and current smokers and analyzed separately. Fixed-effect model (FEM) and random-effects models (REM) were used to assess the combined outcome of individual studies. The outcome measured in our study is reported as RR (95% CI). REM was used, if needed, to account for heterogeneity between studies. Heterogeneity was evaluated using the Cochrane Q and I2 statistics. Publication bias was assessed by direct observation of a funnel plot as well as trim-and-fill statistics. Quality of the studies was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. Results: Our initial search rendered 577 articles. After reviewing the titles and abstracts, 36 papers were selected for full-text retrieval and reference list search, from which 4 prospective and 11 case-control studies were included in the final analysis. All studies were of high quality with both case-control and prospective studies averaging a score of 8 on the Newcastle-Ottawa scale. When pooling all studies, ever smokers had a RR of 1.20 (95% CI 1.07–1.34; p=0.001); there was no heterogeneity between studies or dissemination bias. Current smokers had a RR of 1.42 (95% CI 1.20–1.68; p<0.001, Figure); there was mild heterogeneity between studies (Q=28.5, I2=45.8%, p=0.046) but no dissemination bias was identified. Based on case-control studies, ever smoking was associated with a RR of 1.16 (95% CI 1.02–1.31; p=0.02) while current smoking was associated with a RR of 1.39 (95% CI 1.14–1.69; p<0.001). Based on prospective studies, ever smoking had a RR 1.40 (95% CI 1.10–1.77; p=0.005) while current smoking had a RR 1.49 (1.02-2.18; p=0.04). Conclusions: In both retrospective and prospective studies, there is a 20% increased risk of developing HL in those patients who have ever smoked. However, the risk increases to 42% in those who were current smokers at time of diagnosis of HL. Our findings confirm a previously reported association between smoking and the development of HL, giving additional support in favor of smoking cessation. The lymphomagenic mechanism of smoking is currently unclear but could be related to a direct carcinogenic effect of tobacco-related agents or the immunomodulatory effect of smoking. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

Introducing excess body weight in childhood and adolescence and comparison with body mass index and waist-to-height ratio

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
D Petroff ◽  
K Kromeyer-Hauschild ◽  
S Wiegand ◽  
D l'Allemand-Jander ◽  
G Binder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Height Ratio ◽  
Waist To Height Ratio

Assessing interactions between HLA-DRB1*15 and infectious mononucleosis on the risk of multiple sclerosis

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1355-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulio Disanto ◽  
Carolina Hall ◽  
Robyn Lucas ◽  
Anne-Louise Ponsonby ◽  
Antonio J Berlanga-Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Infectious Mononucleosis ◽  
Additive Model ◽  
Causal Process ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Additive Scale

Gene–environment interactions may shed light on the mechanisms underlying multiple sclerosis (MS). We pooled data from two case-control studies on incident demyelination and used different methods to assess interaction between HLA-DRB1*15 (DRB1-15) and history of infectious mononucleosis (IM). Individuals exposed to both factors were at substantially increased risk of disease (OR=7.32, 95% CI=4.92–10.90). In logistic regression models, DRB1-15 and IM status were independent predictors of disease while their interaction term was not (DRB1-15*IM: OR=1.35, 95% CI=0.79–2.23). However, interaction on an additive scale was evident (Synergy index=2.09, 95% CI=1.59–2.59; excess risk due to interaction=3.30, 95%CI=0.47–6.12; attributable proportion due to interaction=45%, 95% CI=22–68%). This suggests, if the additive model is appropriate, the DRB1-15 and IM may be involved in the same causal process leading to MS and highlights the benefit of reporting gene–environment interactions on both a multiplicative and additive scale.

scholarly journals Berkontribusikah konsumsi minuman manis terhadap berat badan berlebih pada remaja?

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Qoirinasari Qoirinasari ◽  
Betty Yosephin Simanjuntak ◽  
Kusdalinah Kusdalinah
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Consumption Patterns ◽  
P Value ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Frequency ◽  
Relative Body Weight ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Overweight is a state that exceeds the relative body weight of a person as a result of the accumulation of nutrients, especially carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. This condition is caused by an imbalance between energy consumption compared to the needs or the use of energy. This study aims to determine the relationship of consumption patterns of sweet drinks to excess body weight teenagers in SMP IT IQRA  Bengkulu 2018.  This study is a cross-sectional research design. A sample is all teenagers who have overweight (overweight and obesity) as much as 57 teenagers. consumption of sweet drinks was collected by interviews using Food Frequency Questionaire (FFQ). The result showed that there was no contribution of consumption of sweet drinks to overweight teenagers (p-value 0.590). The habit of consuming sweet drinks does not contribute to increased body weight in teenagers who have excess body weight. To prevent overweight is recommended to consume balanced nutrition and avoid foods and beverages high in glucose.Berat badan berlebih adalah suatu keadaan yang melebihi dari berat badan relatif seseorang sebagai akibat penumpukan zat gizi terutama karbohidrat, lemak dan protein. Kondisi ini disebabkan oleh ketidakseimbangan antara konsumsi energi dibandingkan kebutuhan atau pemakaian energi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan pola konsumsi minuman manis terhadap berat badan berlebih pada remaja di SMP IT IQRA’ kota Bengkulu tahun 2018. Jenis penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel adalah seluruh remaja yang mempunyai berat badan berlebih (overweight dan obesitas) yang diambil dengan metode Total sampling yaitu sebanyak 57 remaja. konsumsi minuman manis dikumpulkan dengan wawancara menggunakan Food Frequency Questionaire (FFQ). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada kontribusi konsumsi minuman manis terhadap berat badan berlebih pada remaja (p value 0.593). Kebiasaan mengonsumsi minuman manis tidak berkontribusi untuk meningkatkan berat badan pada remaja yang memiliki berat badan berlebih. Untuk mencegah berat badan berlebih disarankan  mengonsumsi gizi seimbang dan menghindari makanan dan minuman yang tinggi glukosa.

scholarly journals COMPOSITIONAL COMPOSITION OF THE BODY IN OBESE CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. A. Gerasimchik ◽  
Ya. V. Girsh
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Dynamic Control ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Excess Body Weight ◽  
Sequential Effects ◽  
Normal Body ◽  
Normal Body Weight

Background. The steady growth of obesity in the children’s age group determines the need for integrated modern approaches to diagnosis and therapy.Objective. To determine the body composition of adolescents with different body mass for the quantitative analysis of the internal environment of the organism using the method bioimpendancemetria.Design and methods. To determine the composition of the body, 121 adolescents aged 10–17 years were examined, the average age was 13.9 years (± 2.1). Evaluation of anthropometric data and determination of BMI at the 1st stage of the study allowed to identify 3 groups of patients: group 1 — adolescents with normal body weight, 40 people (33 %), group 2 — overweight, 48 people (40 %) and group 3 — obese, 33 adolescents (27 %). At stage 2nd, the analysis of the body structure using computer impedance, which allows to determine the composition of the body in a percentage.Results. When assessing the structure of the body, in group with normal body weight, the content of adipose tissue corresponds to the normal value. In adolescents overweight and obesity in 100 % of cases there was an increased content of fat mass. In the group of adolescents with normal body weight, the percentage deviation of AKM is 16–17 %, in the group with excess body weight 12–40 %. Insufficient as well as excessive percentage of AKM causes hunger. The higher AKM in full adolescents, the more difficult the process of weight loss. During the evaluation of the main metabolism it was found that in the group of obese patients the indicators exceeded those in the groups with normal and overweight.Conclusion. The use of bioimpedance analysis allows to create an optimal set of sequential effects aimed at correcting the fat mass, water composition and muscle mass of the patient, which determines a more directed and effective weight loss and the possibility of dynamic control.

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