scholarly journals Structural changes of the disc of temporomandibular joint in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes

2020 ◽  
pp. 84-88
Author(s):  
L. V. Rubas
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Mature Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
Dental Diseases

There is a significant prevalence of dental diseases in patients with diabetes. Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders occupy one of the first places among them. However, there is no data on the diabetes effect on the disc of the TMJ. The aim of the study – to establish structural changes of TMJ disc in rats with hyperglycemia. Materials and Methods. Sixty white mature male rats were divided into 4 equal groups. Animals of first and second groups were simulated with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Rats of third and fourth groups were used as controls at appropriate period to the experimental. Slaughtering of animals was carried out after 30 and 60 days from the start of the experiment, after which the TMJ complexes and adjacent soft tissues were collected. Biological material was prepared according to conventional methods. Histological sections were examined with the help of microscopes. Results and Discussion. The structure of the disc of TMJ of control rats did not change. Its’ significant remodeling was visualized in animals with diabetes. Thickening of the walls of arteries and widening of venous lumen and swelling of the collagen fibers were observed after 30 days of the experiment. Thickening of the fibers of collagen and predominance of histiocytes were visualized after 2 months of the diabetes. Lumen of arteries were narrowed and plethora was observed in the veins of the hemomicrocirculatory bed. Conclusions. Restructuring of the disk of TMJ of rats with diabetes are manifested by mucoid swelling of collagen fibers and morphological changes in the hemomicrocirculatory vascular bed that can lead to dystrophy of the disc.

scholarly journals Morphometric evaluation of features of remodeling of chondrocites of joint surfaces of temporomandibular joint of experimental animals in hyperglycemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 137-142
Author(s):  
Mykhailo Hnatiuk ◽  
Lesia Rubas
Keyword(s):  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Articular Surface ◽  
White Male ◽  
Relative Volume ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Intercellular Substance ◽  
Temporal Fossa ◽  
Articular Surfaces ◽  
Joint Surfaces

Aim: to study morphometrically the peculiarities of remodeling of chondrocytes of the articular surfaces of the temporomandibular joint in hyperglycemia.Materials and methods: Quantitative morphological methods were used to study diameters of chondrocytes and their nuclei, nuclear-cytoplasmic relationship in these cells, relative volume of damaged chondrocytes, intercellular-chondrocytic relationship in mature chondrocytes of the articular surfaces of the temporomandibular joint of 45 laboratory mature white male rats with simulated diabetes.Results: A comprehensive analysis of the morphometric parameters presented in the article showed that they did not differ in the articular surfaces of the temporal fossa and mandibular head of the intact temporomandibular joint. The expressed structural changes of chondrocytes were revealed at a monthly and a two-month diabetic arthropathy of this joint.Conclusions: Proceeded studies and obtained results suggest that prolonged hyperglycemia leads to diabetic arthropathy of the TMJ, which is characterized by atrophy of chondrocytes, violation of nuclear-cytoplasmic relationships, an increase in the relative volume of damaged chondrocytes and volume of intercellular substance. The detected changes in quantitative morphological parameters depended on the duration of hyperglycemia and dominated in the cartilaginous tissue of the articular surface of the mandibular head.

scholarly journals Effect of long-term hyperglycemia on cornea and retina morphology in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
А.А. Панов ◽  
Е.М. Ржавина ◽  
М.П. Морозова ◽  
А.К. Ердяков ◽  
С.А. Гаврилова
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Posterior Part ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Blood Concentrations ◽  
Central Retina ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes

Цель исследования - изучение динамики морфологических изменений роговицы и заднего отдела глаза крыс при длительной гипергликемии. Методика. Исследование выполнено на 36 самцах крыс Wistar. Сахарный диабет индуцировали внутрибрюшинной инъекцией стрептозотоцина (65 мг/кг), после чего ежедневно вводили подкожно малые дозы инсулина (2 ЕД/кг). На 50-е, 58-е и 66-е сут эксперимента производили энуклеацию глаз у глубоко наркотизированных животных. Гистологические срезы фрагментов глаз окрашивали гематоксилин-эозином, проводили морфометрию параметров роговицы и сетчатки. Результаты. Средняя концентрация глюкозы и кетоновых тел крови в группе сахарного диабета составила 29,8 ммоль/л и 0,889 ммоль/л, в контрольной группе - 6,2 ммоль/л и 0,847 ммоль/л соответственно. Анализ гистологических срезов глаз выявил признаки отека роговицы, хориоидеи и наружных слоев центральных отделов сетчатки до появления других качественных и количественных морфологических изменений. Заключение. Оценка толщины роговицы, хориоидеи и наружных слоев центральных отделов сетчатки может служить предиктором развития диабетической ретинопатии. The aim was to study morphological changes in the cornea and the posterior part of rat eye during prolonged hyperglycemia. Methods. The study was performed on 36 Wistar male rats. Diabetes mellitus was induced by an injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg, i.p.) followed by daily injections of low doses of insulin (2 U/kg, s.c.). Eyes were enucleated from deeply anesthetized rats on days 50, 58, and 66 of the experiment. Histologic sections were stained with hematoxylin-eosin, and morphometry of the cornea and the retina was performed. Results. Mean blood concentrations of glucose and ketone bodies were 29.8 mmol/L and 0.889 mmol/L, respectively, in the diabetic group and 6.2 mmol/L and 0.847 mmol/L, respectively, in the control group. The histological analysis revealed signs of edema in the cornea, choroid and outer layers of the central retina, which preceded other morphological changes. Conclusion. Evaluating thickness of the cornea, choroid and outer layers of the central retina may serve for prediction of diabetic retinopathy.

scholarly journals Changes in Morphometric Indicators of Blood Vessels of Masticatory Muscles in Simulation of Diabetic Angiopathy in Rats

2021 ◽  
pp. 60-67
Author(s):  
M.S. Hnatiuk ◽  
L.V. Rubas ◽  
L.V. Tatarchuk ◽  
O.B. Yasinovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Temporomandibular Joint ◽  
Blood Glucose Concentration ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
White Male ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Diabetic Angiopathy

Summary. Relevance. Diabetic joint damage is common in the clinic. The blood vessels of the masticatory muscles that affect the morphogenesis of diabetic arthropathy of the temporomandibular joint remain poorly studied in this pathology. Objective: to study the features of remodeling of blood vessels of the masticatory muscles of the temporomandibular joint in experimental hyperglycemia by quantitative morphological methods. Materials and Methods. The study material was 45 laboratory mature white male rats, which were divided into 3 groups. The 1st group consisted of 15 intact apparently healthy animals, the 2nd included 15 rats with one-month diabetic angiopathy, and the 3rd had 15 rats with two-month specified pathology. Diabetes mellitus was simulated by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin from Sigma at a dose of 50 mg/kg. Euthanasia of animals was performed by bloodletting under thiopental anesthesia one and two months after the start of the experiment. The blood glucose concentration was determined. Histological micropreparations were made from the temporomandibular joint and the temporal and external pterygoid muscles. Morphometric measurements of small caliber arteries (outer diameter 26-50 μm), veins and microvessels of the hemomicrocirculatory tract were performed on muscle micropreparations; relative volumes of damaged synoviocytes and chondrocytes were determined on micropreparations of joints. Quantitative indicators were processed statistically. Results and Conclusions. It was revealed that the gleam of arteries considerably decreases, their wall thickens, and endotheliocytes are damaged in the studied muscles with the modeled pathology. Venous vessels are dilated, full-blooded with a reduced wall thickness. The most pronounced changes in these experimental conditions are the structure of microvessels, which is characterized by narrowing of arterioles, precapillary arterioles and hemocapillaries, pronounced expansion of postcapillary venules and venules. Plethora, stasis, thrombosis, irregularity of the lumen, sacculation, and varicose expansions were noted in venous microvessels. Venous fullness led to hypoxia, disorders of trophism and metabolism, dystrophy, necrobiosis of muscle fibers and stromal structures, foci of infiltration and sclerosis. It was revealed that morphological changes in the vascular bed of the masticatory muscles affect the morphogenesis of diabetic arthropathy of the temporomandibular joint.

scholarly journals The dynamics of morphological changes of structural components of the intervertebral disc at the end of the thirty-fifth and forty-second days while applying the experimental opioid impact

Morphologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
M. V. Pankiv
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Cellular Components ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sexually Mature

Background. According to the WHO, the diseases of the musculoskeletal system, which cause disability and mortality, rank fourth in the world following cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes. Due to the statistics, every fifth person suffers from back pain. Chronic diseases of musculoskeletal system are also one of the most urgent problems in Ukraine, and about 3.5 million people encountered the problem of musculoskeletal system. Objective. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of opioids on changes of structural components of the intervertebral disc at the end of the fifth and sixth weeks of the experiment. Methods. The materials of the study were 32 sexually mature, outbred male rats, weighing from 125 to 135 g, aged 4.5 months. Animals were injected with nalbuphine intramuscularly daily in the same intervals (at 10-11 am) for 42 days. This aim was achieved by using microscopic techniques of visualization of cellular components of the rat’s intervertebral disc. Histological specimens were prepared according to the common methods using the dye hematoxylin, eosin, azan according to Heidenhain method, PAS reaction according to McManus and Alcian blue according to Steedman. Results. As a result of experimental opioid exposure for 35 and 42 days, we discovered that in 35 days the gelatinous nucleus was reduced and deformed. Notochondral cells were rare. Mostly cell-free zones with a somewhat compacted matrix were localized in the gelatinous nucleus. In 42 days, there were significant structural changes in the gelatinous nucleus, as well as in the structural elements of the fibrous ring and cartilaginous locking plates. The amount of notochondral cells was reduced. The cytoplasm of some notochondral cells was compacted. Conclusion. Pathomorphological changes in the structural components of the intervertebral disc while applying the experimental opioid effect at the end of the 35th and 42nd days will serve as a basis for further study and comparison of the manifestations of opioid chondropathy in the longer periods applying experimental opioid impact.

scholarly journals MORPHOLOGICAL REORGANIZATION OF THE RATS SUBMANDIBULAR GLAND AFTER 2 AND 4 WEEKS OF EXPERIMENTAL STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETES MELLITUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 29-37
Author(s):  
N. B. Blyshchak ◽  
R. Ya. Borys ◽  
U. M. Halyuk
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Submandibular Gland ◽  
Packing Density ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Trophic Activity ◽  
Gland Tissue ◽  
Streptozotocin Induced Diabetes ◽  
And Control

This article represents the results of studying the morphological features of the submandibular gland in 40 male rats during experimental streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus at the end of 2 and 4 weeks. Destructive changes of parenchymal and stromal elements in the submaxillary salivary glands of white rats and the vessels of the microvasculature were determined beginning from 2 weeks with the increase to 4 weeks of experimental diabetes mellitus. There is a statistically reliable decrease in the diameter of the organ artery, an increase in the index of the trophic activity of the submandibular gland tissue, and decrease in the packing density index of the capillaries. Reliable decrease of the diameter of the interlobular arterioles, the diameter of the intralobular (front capillary) arterioles and capillaries is observed. These changes are confirmed by morphometric parameters: a statistically evidenced narrowing of the diameter of the organ artery was observed to (62.50±3.30) μm, an increase, in comparison with the norm and control, to the index of the trophic activity of the submandibular gland to (58.27±0.71) μm, and decrease in the packing density of the capillaries to (72.00±6.33) μm. A reliable narrowed diameter of the interlobular arterioles to (31.60±1.61) μm, the diameter of the intralobular (per-capillary) arterioles to (18.04±0.28) μm and capillaries to (5.14±0.09) μm was observed. A little dilatation of post-capillary venules to (23.52±0.43) μm was observed. After 4 weeks of the experiment, the rate of disrupt of the angiographic relief of the submandibular gland arise, and the arteries and arterioles remain narrowed. In some places, the formation of shaped elements beyond the border of capillaries is present. Compared with the previous stage of the research, a mild dilatation of the diameter of the organ artery up to (70.06±2.43) μm, dilatation of the diameter of the interlobular arterioles to (36.06±1.01) μm and the diameter of the intralobular (front capillary) arterioles up to (18 26±0.64 μm, the dilatation of the diameter of the capillaries to (5.71±0.13) μm, the control (5.91±0.19) μm and the dilatation, compared with the norm and control, post-capillar venules to (26, 35 ± 0.50) µm were determined. The index of the trophic activity of the gland tissue decreases as compared with the indication for 2 weeks during the experiment to (58.27±0.71) μm and the capillary packing density gradually decreases to (65.8±1.84) μm. Thus, under conditions of streptozotocin-induced diabetes mellitus, the first structural changes in the bloodstream occur after 2 weeks are observed: a statistically significant decrease in the diameter of the organ artery, an increase trophic activity of the submandibular gland tissue and decrease in the capillary packing density in comparison with the norm. A reliable decrease in the diameter of the interlobular arterioles, the diameter of the intralobular (front capillary) arterioles and capillaries is observed. At the same time, a mild dilatation of post-capillary venules occurs. Interlobular arterioles become anfractuous, have an uneven color. After 4 weeks of the experiment, the temp of disrupt of the angiographic relief of the submandibular gland arise, and the arteries and arterioles remain narrowed. In some places, the formation of shaped elements beyond the border of capillaries is observed.

scholarly journals COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF NEPHRON TUBULES AT THE EARLY AND LATE STAGES OF THE CHRONIC OPIOID EFFECT

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Lesya Mateshuk-Vatseba ◽  
Iryna Vilkhova ◽  
Anna Bekesevych ◽  
Yeugen Paltov ◽  
Elena Kantser
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Mature Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histological Investigation ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Convoluted Tubules ◽  
Late Stages ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Proximal Convoluted Tubules

The aim of the study is the examination of the nephron tubules morphological changes at the early and late stages of the experimental chronic opioid effect. Varying degrees of the morphological changes of proximal convoluted tubules, loops of Henle and distal convoluted tubules under chronic nalbuphine effect in the dynamics have been detected. The materials of the study – kidneys of 56 sexually mature male-rats. The experimental animals received daily intramuscular nalbuphine injections for 98 days. From the first to the fourteenth day of the experiment the dose of nalbuphine was 0,212 mg/kg. Every next two weeks nalbuphine injections were done in increasing doses. For histological investigation was used commonly agreed method. The colouring was performed using hematoxylin and eosin as well as azan by Heidenhain's method. Varying degrees of morphological changes of proximal convoluted tubules, loops of Henle and distal convoluted tubules under continuous nalbuphine injection in the dynamics have been detected. The most vivid alterative changes can be observed in proximal convoluted tubules both: at the early and late stages of the experiment. At the early stages as of the 14th day of the experiment signs of granular dystrophy appear, as of the 28th day – necrotic changes, progressing further at the late stages of the experiment. The loops of Henle undergo sporadic destructive changes at the early stages and at the beginning of the late stage of the experiment. Distal convoluted tubules have been necrotic altered only at the late stages of the experiment.

scholarly journals STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF LONG TUBULAR BONES OF MATURE RATS UNDER THE HYPERGLYCEMIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (9) ◽  
pp. 2052-2059
Author(s):  
Alina O. Ponyrko ◽  
Valentyna I. Bumeister ◽  
Serhii M. Dmytruk ◽  
Olha S. Yarmolenko ◽  
Tetiana P. Teslyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
White Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Left Femur ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Tubular Bones

The aim: To evaluate morphological changes in long tubular bones of mature rats under the influence of experimental hyperglycemia. Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 140 nonlinear white male rats divided into two groups. The experimental group included rats that were introduced into a state of hyperglycemia by a single intraperitoneal injection of an alloxan dihydrate solution at a dose of 150 mg / kg body weight in 0.9% sodium chloride. The control group included rats that were injected with a similar volume of 0.9% sodium chloride one time intraperitoneally. The animals were taken out of the experiment on the 2nd, 30th, 60th, 90th, 120th, 150th and 180th day. Right and left femur and humerus were studied by morphometric and histological methods. Results: Under conditions of prolonged uncontrolled hyperglycemia in mature rats, there is a slowdown in the growth rate of length and thickness of femur and humerus. This is indicated by a significant decrease in the length of bone and its diaphyses, as well as by a decrease in the cross-sectional area of the diaphysis, the width of the proximal and distal epiphyses, starting from 120 and 90 days of the experiment, respectively. The relative area of trabecular tissue, thickness of trabeculae and epiphyseal cartilage decreases in comparison with animals of the control group. The diameter of osteons and their channels increases in cortical tissue. Changes in the microarchitecture of the trabecular and cortical compartments of femur and humerus under conditions of hyperglycemia are similar and are characterized by a reduced bone mass, bone disorder progression and remodeling disorders. Conclusions: Prolonged uncontrolled experimental hyperglycemia leads to slow growth of femur and humerus in mature rats, which is accompanied by an increase in microarchitecture disorder of the trabecular and cortical compartments, causing miniaturization of bones and, consequently, violation of their biomechanical properties and increased risk of fractures.

Fine Structural Changes in the Adenohypophyses of Rats Following Destruction of the Pituitary Stalk

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 496-497
Author(s):  
K. Kovacs ◽  
E. Horvath ◽  
J. M. Bilbao ◽  
F. A. Laszlo ◽  
I. Domokos
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Pituitary Stalk ◽  
Sequence Of Events ◽  
Pituitary Glands ◽  
Electrolytic Lesions ◽  
Ultrathin Sections

Electrolytic lesions of the pituitary stalk in rats interrupt adenohypophysial blood flow and result in massive infarction of the anterior lobe. In order to obtain a deeper insight into the morphogenesis of tissue injury and to reveal the sequence of events, a fine structural investigation was undertaken on adenohypophyses of rats at various intervals following destruction of the pituitary stalk.The pituitary stalk was destroyed electrolytically, with a Horsley-Clarke apparatus on 27 male rats of the R-Amsterdam strain, weighing 180-200 g. Thirty minutes, 1,2,4,6 and 24 hours after surgery the animals were perfused with a glutaraldehyde-formalin solution. The skulls were then opened and the pituitary glands removed. The anterior lobes were fixed in glutaraldehyde-formalin solution, postfixed in osmium tetroxide and embedded in Durcupan. Ultrathin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate and investigated with a Philips 300 electron microscope.

Biological and biomedical applications of collagenous biomaterials

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 856-857
Author(s):  
Yasushi P. Kato ◽  
Michael G. Dunn ◽  
Frederick H. Silver ◽  
Arthur J. Wasserman
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Soft Tissues ◽  
Collagen Fibers ◽  
Bone Collagen ◽  
Cover Slip ◽  
Fibroblast Migration ◽  
Cellular Expression ◽  
Defect Repair

Collagenous biomaterials have been used for growing cells in vitro as well as for augmentation and replacement of hard and soft tissues. The substratum used for culturing cells is implicated in the modulation of phenotypic cellular expression, cellular orientation and adhesion. Collagen may have a strong influence on these cellular parameters when used as a substrate in vitro. Clinically, collagen has many applications to wound healing including, skin and bone substitution, tendon, ligament, and nerve replacement. In this report we demonstrate two uses of collagen. First as a fiber to support fibroblast growth in vitro, and second as a demineralized bone/collagen sponge for radial bone defect repair in vivo.For the in vitro study, collagen fibers were prepared as described previously. Primary rat tendon fibroblasts (1° RTF) were isolated and cultured for 5 days on 1 X 15 mm sterile cover slips. Six to seven collagen fibers, were glued parallel to each other onto a circular cover slip (D=18mm) and the 1 X 15mm cover slip populated with 1° RTF was placed at the center perpendicular to the collagen fibers. Fibroblast migration from the 1 x 15mm cover slip onto and along the collagen fibers was measured daily using a phase contrast microscope (Olympus CK-2) with a calibrated eyepiece. Migratory rates for fibroblasts were determined from 36 fibers over 4 days.

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