scholarly journals COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF THE MORPHOLOGICAL CHANGES OF NEPHRON TUBULES AT THE EARLY AND LATE STAGES OF THE CHRONIC OPIOID EFFECT

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Lesya Mateshuk-Vatseba ◽  
Iryna Vilkhova ◽  
Anna Bekesevych ◽  
Yeugen Paltov ◽  
Elena Kantser
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Mature Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Histological Investigation ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Convoluted Tubules ◽  
Late Stages ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Proximal Convoluted Tubules

The aim of the study is the examination of the nephron tubules morphological changes at the early and late stages of the experimental chronic opioid effect. Varying degrees of the morphological changes of proximal convoluted tubules, loops of Henle and distal convoluted tubules under chronic nalbuphine effect in the dynamics have been detected. The materials of the study – kidneys of 56 sexually mature male-rats. The experimental animals received daily intramuscular nalbuphine injections for 98 days. From the first to the fourteenth day of the experiment the dose of nalbuphine was 0,212 mg/kg. Every next two weeks nalbuphine injections were done in increasing doses. For histological investigation was used commonly agreed method. The colouring was performed using hematoxylin and eosin as well as azan by Heidenhain's method. Varying degrees of morphological changes of proximal convoluted tubules, loops of Henle and distal convoluted tubules under continuous nalbuphine injection in the dynamics have been detected. The most vivid alterative changes can be observed in proximal convoluted tubules both: at the early and late stages of the experiment. At the early stages as of the 14th day of the experiment signs of granular dystrophy appear, as of the 28th day – necrotic changes, progressing further at the late stages of the experiment. The loops of Henle undergo sporadic destructive changes at the early stages and at the beginning of the late stage of the experiment. Distal convoluted tubules have been necrotic altered only at the late stages of the experiment.

Dynamics of morphological and immunohistochemical changes in myocardium during hypothyroidism modeling in experiment

2022 ◽  
pp. 27-29
Author(s):  
V. S. Botasheva ◽  
N. A. Stadnik ◽  
A. B. Kubanova ◽  
N. I. Samoilov
Keyword(s):  
Immunohistochemical Study ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Mature Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Laboratory Animals ◽  
Hydropic Degeneration ◽  
Standard Manner ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Sexually Mature

An experimental model of hypothyroidism was obtained by thyroidectomy. The operation was carried out on 57 sexually mature male rats weighing 250–300 g. The experiment lasted 45 days. Laboratory animals were removed from the experiment on days 7th, 14th, 21st, 28th, 35th and 45th. As a control, 15 rats were used that were not operated on. For histological examination, pieces of rat myocardium were taken from the left and right ventricles. The pieces were fixed in 10% buffered formalin for 10 days. Histological sections were prepared in a standard manner. Sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, picrofuchsin according to van Gieson, toluidine blue, according to Mallory. Results of the study: In the myocardium of rats, hemodynamic disorders, edema, hydropic degeneration of cardiomyocytes, myocytolysis, fragmentation of muscle fibers, colliquation necrosis, compression and atrophy of muscle fibers were found. An immunohistochemical study revealed a decrease in the expression of desmin and sarcomeric actin.

Sperm protamine levels as indicators of fertilising potential in sexually mature male rats

Andrologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Aleem ◽  
V. Padwal ◽  
J. Choudhari ◽  
N. Balasinor ◽  
M. K. Gill-Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Mature Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sexually Mature

scholarly journals Histomorphological effect of celecoxib on cellular diameter of proximal convoluted tubules of kidney with protective effect of lycopene in albino rats; an experimental study.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1748-1754
Author(s):  
Sadia Sundus ◽  
Maria Mohiuddin ◽  
Sarwath Fatimee ◽  
Ashoke Kumar ◽  
Shah Jabeen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Convoluted Tubules ◽  
Proximal Convoluted Tubules

Objectives: To observe the cellular diameter of proximal convoluted tubules of kidney of albino rats on celecoxib induced kidney with protection by lycopene. Study Design: Experimental study. Setting: BMSI (Anatomy Department), JPMC, Karachi. Period: 4th May 2015 to 3rd June 2015. Materials and Methods: Ninety to one twenty days old, forty healthy adult, male Albino rats of 200-220gm were taken for the study. The rats were divided into 4 groups, Group A was control group, Group B  receive Celecoxib  50 mg/kg body weight orally,  Group C receive Celecoxib 50 mg/kg body weight orally along with lycopene50 mg/kg body weight orally and Group D receive lycopene 50 mg/kg body weight orally for 30 days. At the end of study rats were sacrificed and renal tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Results: Markedly increased cellular diameter of proximal convoluted tubules was observed in rats taking celecoxib. Slides stained with hematoxylin and eosin showed altered and degenerative changes in the renal parenchyma of cortex and medulla. Ballooning of cells, hemorrhage and moderate edema was seen in celecoxib group. Renal interstitium showed infiltration of mononuclear cells, congested and dilated blood vessels. However, renal architecture was improved and reversed in celecoxib along with lycopene receiving group. Conclusion: This study concludes that lycopene decreased the cellular diameter of proximal convoluted tubules in celecoxib treated group.

Assessment of SGLT2 inhibitors on kidney morphology and albumin excretion in rats with experimental diabetes mellitus type 1

2016 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 12-13
Author(s):  
Denis A. Lebedev ◽  
Nikolai P. Likhonosov ◽  
Taisya P. Tuchina ◽  
Alina Y. Babenko
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Mesangial Cells ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Sglt2 Inhibitors ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Mesangial Area ◽  
Kidney Morphology ◽  
Convoluted Tubules ◽  
Proximal Convoluted Tubules

Background. Recently, as the therapy of diabetes mellitus, have been approved several members of a new class of drugs – SGLT2 inhibitors. SGLT2 inhibitors reduce glycemia and normalize renal perfusion. However renoprotective effect is still the subject of research.The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of SGLT2 inhibitors on renal tissue of rats with experimental type 1 diabetes (DM).Materials and methods. This study was conducted on 22 white male rats at the age of 10 months with streptozotocin - induced diabetes. For the selection of the rats in the experiment were evaluated glycemia. The criteria for diabetes was blood glucose levels > 7 mmol / L and / or a positive glucose tolerance test. Rats were divided into 3 groups: 1 group (healthy control) - a group of 10 animals without DM, 2 group - (diabetic control) 6 animals with DM receiving insulin NPH; 3 -6 animals with DM receiving insulin NPH and dapagliflozin 0.1 mg / kg for 4 weeks. At the end of the study, animals were kept in metabolic cages and 24 hour urine was collected for estimation of albuminuria. Next animals were removed from the experiment, and kidney tissue was sampled for morphological evaluation. Sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin (H&E), and PAS reaction stains for histopathological examination. Statistical significance of differences was assessed and linkages by standard methods of nonparametric statistics.Results. Sections of kidney from control group had classical structure of renal tissue. In contrast, histological sections from rats treated with insulin had showed cortical glomerulosclerosis, proliferation of mesangial cells and narrowed Bowman's spaces. In most of the proximal convoluted tubules was observed excessive hypertrophy, vacuolization and pyknotic nuclei. The kidneys of rats treated with dapagliflozin and insulin had a lower severity of degenerative processes compared with a group of rats treated with insulin. Many glomeruli had increased cellularity with normal Bowman’s spaces, while in the proximal convoluted tubules was observed weakly pronounced vacuolization and pyknotic nuclei and some less hypertrophy of tubular epithelium. Kidney sections of insulin-treated rats were showed signs of diffuse expansion of mesangial area with proliferation of mesangial cells and its PAS-positive matrix. While signs of mesangial expansion were absent in the dapagliflozin group. Analysis of the degree of glomerulosclerosis data was showed significant differences between the group of rats treated with dapagliflozin and insulin and the group of rats treated with insulin - 0.5 (0.4 - 0.6) and 1.1 (1.0 - 1.2), respectively ( p = 0.005). Furthermore, it revealed significant difference in percentage of mesangial area between group of rats treated with dapagliflozin and insulin and the group of rats treated with insulin - 28% (23 - 32) and 37% (33 - 41), respectively (p = 0.0082). Insulin-treated rats were showed significantly higher level of albuminuria compared with dapagliflozin-treated rats - 91.8 mg / 24h. (74.1 - 108.5) and 50.9 mg / 24 hr (41.3 - 60.2), respectively, (p = 0.012).Conclusions. Administration of dapagliflozin slows the progression of glomerulosclerosis and reduces the degree of its severity and the level of albuminuria, which may suggest a renoprotective properties.

scholarly journals Arabidopsis glucosinolate storage cells transform into phloem fibres at late stages of development

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (16) ◽  
pp. 4305-4317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pascal Hunziker ◽  
Barbara Ann Halkier ◽  
Alexander Schulz
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum ◽  
Chemical Defence ◽  
Herbaceous Plant ◽  
Stages Of Development ◽  
Golgi Bodies ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Storage Cells ◽  
Late Stages

Abstract The phloem cap of Arabidopsis thaliana accumulates glucosinolates that yield toxic catabolites upon damage-induced hydrolysis. These defence compounds are stored in high concentrations in millimetre long S-cells. At early stages of development, S-cells initiate a process indicative of programmed cell death. How these cells are maintained in a highly turgescent state following this process is currently unknown. Here, we show that S-cells undergo substantial morphological changes during early differentiation. Vacuolar collapse and rapid clearance of the cytoplasm did not occur until senescence. Instead, smooth endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi bodies, vacuoles, and undifferentiated plastids were observed. Lack of chloroplasts indicates that S-cells depend on metabolite supply from neighbouring cells. Interestingly, TEM revealed numerous plasmodesmata between S-cells and neighbouring cells. Photoactivation of a symplasmic tracer showed coupling with neighbouring cells that are involved in glucosinolate synthesis. Hence, symplasmic transport might contribute to glucosinolate storage in S-cells. To investigate the fate of S-cells, we traced them in flower stalks from the earliest detectable stages to senescence. At late stages, S-cells were shown to deposit thick secondary cell walls and transform into phloem fibres. Thus, phloem fibres in the herbaceous plant Arabidopsis pass a pronounced phase of chemical defence during early stages of development.

scholarly journals Morphofunctional State of the Mature Rats Pituitary Gland under Readaptation Conditions to the Long Influence of Heavy Metal Salts Complex and Correction with L-Tocopherol

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 245-252
Author(s):  
N. B. Hryntsova ◽  
◽  
A. M. Romanyuk ◽  
O. O. Tymakova ◽  
D. R. Khrin
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Pituitary Gland ◽  
Mature Male ◽  
Metal Salts ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Adaptive Processes ◽  
Heavy Metal Salts ◽  
Sexually Mature ◽  
Experimental Group

The purpose of the study was to study the morphofunctional rearrangements of the structural components of the adenohypophysis of sexually mature male rats under the condition of a 30-day period of readaptation to the long-term influence of salts of heavy metals (zinc, copper, iron, manganese, lead and chromium) and taking a corrector drug. Materials and methods. The experiment was carried out on 24 white sexually mature male rats, which were divided into 1 control and 1 experimental group. The experimental group consisted of rats that consumed ordinary drinking water for 30 days after 90 days of receiving water saturated with a combination of heavy metal salts: zinc (ZnSO4 7H2O) – 5 mg / l, copper (CuSO4 5H2O) mg / l, iron (FeSO4) – 10 mg / l, manganese (MnSO4 5H2O) – 0.1 mg / l, lead (Pb (NO3) 2) – 0.1 mg / l and chromium (K2Cr2O7) – 0.1 mg / l and L-tocopherol corrector. Results and discussion. With a 30-day period of readaptation to the action of a complex of salts of heavy metals, combined with the intake of a corrector drug L-tocopherol, morphological rearrangements of a nonspecific polymorphic nature developed in the structural components of the pituitary gland: compensatory hypertrophy and increased vascularization of the pituitary gland were observed, the state of rheological properties of the blood improved, the number of chromophiles increased and the number of chromophobes decreased, the processes of cyst formation disappeared, the stress from the adaptive processes in the glandulocytes of the adenohypophysis decreased, namely their secretory activity, the expression of Hsp90α receptors in the cytoplasm of adenocytes significantly increased. Negative rearrangements include an increased value of the fibrous component of the connective tissue of the intertrabecular spaces, increased collagenization of the wall of veins and capillaries, preservation of stromal edema, plethora of hemocapillaries, the presence of a small number of adenocytes with signs of vacuolization of the cytoplasm, balloon dystrophy. Conclusion. A comprehensive study of the structural components of the adenohypophysis of the test animals under the condition of a 30-day period of readaptation to long periods of consumption of heavy metal salts and correction with L-tocopherol certainly indicate a number of adaptive and regenerative morphofunctional changes aimed at reducing the stress of adaptive processes on the part of the adenohypophysis in response to cancel the action of the stress factor

scholarly journals Comparative pathomorphological research of hydroxycarbamide and hydrea

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 66-73
Author(s):  
I. B. Merkulova ◽  
T. V. Abramova ◽  
O. I. Konyaevа ◽  
N. Yu. Kulbachevskaya ◽  
N. P. Ermakova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Histological Examination ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Import Substitution ◽  
Maximum Tolerated Dose ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Hematoxylin And Eosin ◽  
Starch Paste ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Introduction . In accordance with Russian Federal Program of import substitution of foreign medicines replacement for high-quality Russian drugs in Russia reproduced нydroxycarbamide (HC), which passed preclinical toxicological and pathomorphological testing in comparison with hydrea (HD), producted by Italy.The aim . The aim of present study was the comparative evaluation of HC and HD effect on the internal organs of rats for the clearing up of their identity according to the morphological criterions. Materials and methods. 70 non-inbred male rats, by 10 rats per group, were used. HC and HD were administered to rats oral daily for 5 days in the same total doses correspond with to the 2, 1 and 1 / 2 maximum tolerated dose. In the same regime control rats were oral administered with 1 % starch paste solution. Of animals were removed from the experience on days 3 and 30 after the end of the administration of the drugs. The macroscopic and histological examination of internal organs were perform by routine methods, including fixation of the material in 10 % formalin and staining of sections with hematoxylin and eosin. The histological preparations of the internal organs was analyzed in the light microscope at magnifications of 100, 400, 1000. Results . HС, as well as HD, in total doses of 3000 and 1500 mg / kg at the 3 day after the end of the introduction caused different degrees of similar morphological changes in rat internal organs: moderate hypoplasia in the thymus, bone marrow and spleen, destructive and inflammatory changes in the stomach, duodenum and kidney. At the 30 day after the application of both drugs morphological changes in the thymus, the bone marrow and the spleen disappeared completely, residual morphological changes persisted in the duodenum and kidneys; in the testes of rats – moderate atrophic changes. HС, as well as HD in total dose 750 mg / kg did not cause changes in the internal organs of the rats. Conclusion . Based on the results of macroscopic and histological examination the conclusion about of the identity of the influence of HC and HD on the internal organs of rats was made. 

scholarly journals Мorphofunctional Characteristics of the Male Reproductive System of White Rats Treated with Bisphenol A and Triclosan

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-81
Author(s):  
S. V. Chigrinets ◽  
G. V. Bryukhin ◽  
S. N. Zav'yalov
Keyword(s):  
Bisphenol A ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Statistical Processing ◽  
Mature Male ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Total Count ◽  
White Rats ◽  
Comparison Groups ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Sexually Mature

The aimof this study was to analyze the morphofunctional state of the testes of mature male rats treated with bisphenol A (BPA) and triclosan (TCS).Material and methods.The work was performed on mature male rats (n=28). Experimental animals were divided into three groups – control (intact) and two experimental ones. For two months, rats of the experimental groups received daily bisphenol A and triclosan (Sigma-Aldrich, USA) with food in the amount of 200 mg/kg. The total count of spermatozoa in 1 ml of sperm was determined with the calculation of their atypical forms, and morphometric measurements were made (the total number and area of Leydig cells with their nuclearcytoplasmic ratio). The concentrations of bisphenol A and testicular triclosan were measured by gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The obtained data was subjected to statistical processing using IBM SPSS Statistics v.21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA).Results.Differences between the comparison groups in the concentration of bisphenol A and triclosan in testicular tissues were statistically significant (p <0.001). The endocrine disruptors studied reduced the mass of the testes. A group of male rats exposed to bisphenol A showed a decrease in the total number of spermatozoa (p=0.004) with an increase in their atypical forms (p=0.014) compared with a group of intact animals. Bisphenol A and triclosan caused a decrease in the total number of Leydig cells (p=0.001; p=0.001) respectively, and a statistically significant change in the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio. Moreover, bisphenol A led to a decrease in the nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio of Leydig cells, whereas triclosal, on the contrary, increased its value in comparison with a group of intact animals.Conclusion.Bisphenol A and triclosan have a negative effect on the morphofunctional state of the male testes of sexually mature rats (decrease in testicular mass, total count of spermatozoa on the background of an increase in their atypical forms, as well as a decrease in the total number of Leydig cells with a change in their nuclear-cytoplasmic ratio).

scholarly journals The dynamics of morphological changes of structural components of the intervertebral disc at the end of the thirty-fifth and forty-second days while applying the experimental opioid impact

Morphologia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
M. V. Pankiv
Keyword(s):  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Cellular Components ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Sexually Mature

Background. According to the WHO, the diseases of the musculoskeletal system, which cause disability and mortality, rank fourth in the world following cardiovascular disease, cancer and diabetes. Due to the statistics, every fifth person suffers from back pain. Chronic diseases of musculoskeletal system are also one of the most urgent problems in Ukraine, and about 3.5 million people encountered the problem of musculoskeletal system. Objective. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of opioids on changes of structural components of the intervertebral disc at the end of the fifth and sixth weeks of the experiment. Methods. The materials of the study were 32 sexually mature, outbred male rats, weighing from 125 to 135 g, aged 4.5 months. Animals were injected with nalbuphine intramuscularly daily in the same intervals (at 10-11 am) for 42 days. This aim was achieved by using microscopic techniques of visualization of cellular components of the rat’s intervertebral disc. Histological specimens were prepared according to the common methods using the dye hematoxylin, eosin, azan according to Heidenhain method, PAS reaction according to McManus and Alcian blue according to Steedman. Results. As a result of experimental opioid exposure for 35 and 42 days, we discovered that in 35 days the gelatinous nucleus was reduced and deformed. Notochondral cells were rare. Mostly cell-free zones with a somewhat compacted matrix were localized in the gelatinous nucleus. In 42 days, there were significant structural changes in the gelatinous nucleus, as well as in the structural elements of the fibrous ring and cartilaginous locking plates. The amount of notochondral cells was reduced. The cytoplasm of some notochondral cells was compacted. Conclusion. Pathomorphological changes in the structural components of the intervertebral disc while applying the experimental opioid effect at the end of the 35th and 42nd days will serve as a basis for further study and comparison of the manifestations of opioid chondropathy in the longer periods applying experimental opioid impact.

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