Diet and supplement assessment in a Brazilian urban population

OBJECTIVE: To assess total usual nutrient intakes from foods and dietary supplements by age, sex, physical activity, and nutritional status, and to compare usual nutrient intakes to the Dietary Reference Intakes among non-users and users of dietary supplements in an urban population. METHODS: Cross-sectional population-based survey with 506 adults conducted in the city of Brasília, Brazil, using 24h food recalls. The 24-HR was collected on two nonconsecutive days, for which individuals reported all food, supplements, and beverages consumed in the previous 24 hours. The estimates of mean and the distribution percentiles were adjusted to reflect usual nutrient intake using the Iowa State University method. The prevalence of inadequate micronutrient intake was estimated according to sex using the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR), and values above the Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) were also considered. Also, a comparison was made of the total mean usual intake between supplement users and non-users according to BMI and physical activity. RESULTS: The total mean usual dietary intake was significantly higher among users than non-users of dietary supplements (p ≤ 0.02). Dietary supplement use increased intakes of nutrients and decreased prevalence of inadequacy according to sex, with only small (typically < 13%) increases in the population exceeding the Tolerable Upper Intake Level. There was a significant interaction between physical activity and BMI categories with supplement use. CONCLUSIONS: The population that consumes food supplements comprises individuals with more advanced age, female, normal BMI, and physically active. Our findings show that the use of supplements appears beneficial to attain nutrient adequacy. Careful monitoring of intake from food and supplements is recommended, and the statistical methods must be powerful enough to achieve relevant information.

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Association of Probiotic Consumption and Body Mass Index in the US Population: Insights from NHANES (P21-022-19)

Current Developments in Nutrition ◽

10.1093/cdn/nzz041.p21-022-19 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

Author(s):

Ajita Jadhav ◽

Kathleen Melanson

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Body Mass ◽

Antibiotic Use ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Healthy Eating Index ◽

Weighted Mean ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Supplement Use

Abstract Objectives To determine the association between probiotic consumption through food or supplements and Body Mass Index (BMI) in National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. Methods This large US population based cross-sectional study includes 2005–2014 NHANES data. We utilized 24-hour Dietary Recall (DR) interviews and Dietary Supplement Use 30-Day recall (DSQ) to extract the Probiotic Food (PF) and Probiotic Supplements (PS) consumption, respectively, using text search terms. Adults (≥18 years), who responded to DR interviews and DSQ, were included, while pregnant women were excluded from the study. Differences in probiotic consumers and non-consumers were assessed with χ2/Wilcoxon tests. To assess the relationship among probiotic consumption and BMI, we performed multiple linear regression while adjusting for confounders such as gender, race, age, Healthy Eating Index (HEI), Kcal consumption, physical activity and antibiotic use. Results of associations were analyzed separately for PF and PS, and weighted to reflect national estimates. Results Study included 15,104,111 (13.8%) PF consumers and 94,421,839 (86.2%) non-consumers. PF consumers were generally female (63.2% vs. 51.6%), white (77.6% vs. 67.1%), older [mean (±SD) 48.54 ± 0.99 vs. 46.29 ± 0.55 years], had higher HEI [57.52 ± 0.86 vs. 52.33 ± 0.37] and Kcal consumption [3861.77 ± 63.70 vs. 3737.49 ± 31.62], but similar physical activity (46.9% vs. 46.9%) and antibiotic use (4.9% vs. 4.6%) compared to non-consumers. We also identified 1108,619 (1.1%) PS users and 101,698,442 (98.9%) non-users. Compared to non-users, PS users were commonly female (67.8% vs. 51.8%), white (84.5% vs. 66.4%), older [52.60 ± 3.11 vs. 46.36 ± 1.06 years], had higher HEI [60.92 ± 2.41 vs. 52.70 ± 0.37], similar physical activity (45.3% vs. 45.0%) and Kcal Consumption [3599.08 ± 182.06 vs. 3737.43 ± 31.83], but more antibiotic users (9.4% vs. 4.5%). After adjusting for confounders, the weighted mean BMI was 0.48 kg/m2 [95% Confidence Interval (CI) = (−0.68) – (−0.28)] lower for PF consumers than non-consumers. PS users had even lower weighted mean BMI [−1.10 kg/m2, 95% CI = (−1.71) – (−0.48)] compared to non-users. Conclusions In this large nationally representative population-based study, probiotic consumption via food or supplement was associated with lower body mass index. Funding Sources None.

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DEMOGRAPHICS AND FACTOR ASSOCIATED WITH FOOD SUPPLEMENTS USE AMONG YOGYAKARTA POPULATION

International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.22159/ijpps.2017v9i12.21737 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (12) ◽

pp. 53

Author(s):

Rusyda Dyah Utari Aditya ◽

Chairun Wiedyaningsih ◽

Susi Ari Kristina

Keyword(s):

Dietary Supplements ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Food Supplement ◽

Food Supplements ◽

Online Questionnaire ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Frequency Distributions ◽

Supplement Use ◽

Source Of Information

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the prevalence of food supplement use and the association between foods supplement use and sociodemographic factors among Yogyakarta population.Methods: A cross-sectional online questionnaire was developed and validated. A number of 933 participants completed the survey during September-December 2016. A convenience sampling technique was used. The sociodemographic characteristics and use of dietary supplements were collected. Frequency distributions were used to explore the use of food supplement. The relationship between demographic factors and dietary supplement use was conducted using pearson correlation analysis.Results: Food supplement daily use was reported by 63% of participants. A mean number of the supplement was 2.3 (SD 2.1). The advertisement was commonly the source of information about food supplement. Age, sex, monthly income, excercise, and smoking status were associated with food supplement use.Conclusion: Use of food supplements in this population was relatively high reﬂects that of other countries. Participants were using unreliable source of information of the beneﬁts and risks associated with supplement consumption. Health professionals should account for dietary supplements when assessing medication. Regulating bodies and public health ofﬁcers need to be aware to ensure safe practices.

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Dietary supplement use and knowledge among students from a health science faculty in a Turkish University

Food Research ◽

10.26656/fr.2017.5(5).760 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (5) ◽

pp. 116-123

Author(s):

N. Erzurum Alim ◽

R.E. Karakaya ◽

O.P. Turk Fidan

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Dietary Supplements ◽

Dietary Supplement ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Supplement Use ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Dietary Supplement Use ◽

Main Meals

Dietary supplements are concentrated sources of nutrients used as an addition to a normal diet with a nutritional or physiological effect. In this cross-sectional study, it was aimed to determine the factors of dietary supplement use, the related knowledge, and their relationship with supplement use in a faculty of health sciences among university students. This cross-sectional study was carried out with 333 voluntary university students from Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, the Faculty of Health Sciences. A questionnaire form consisting of 5 sections was applied to the students by face-to-face interview method. The most remarked purposes of supplement use were to improve health (44.2%) and boost immunity (22.1%). There was no difference between age, gender, department, coexistent disease, tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption in terms of dietary supplement use (p = 0.611, p = 0.720, p = 0.682, p = 0.062, p = 0.491, and p = 0.658, respectively). No significant difference was observed between physical activity status, the duration of physical activity, dieting status, the source of diet program, daily frequency of main meals and snacks, body mass index (BMI) groups, and the reason for meal skipping among students according to dietary supplement use (p = 0.180, p = 0.205, p = 0.686, p = 0.226, p = 0.533, p = 0.449, p = 0.976, and p = 0.758, respectively). There was not any significant difference between physical activity status, the duration of physical activity, dietary supplement use, dieting status, the frequency of main meals and snacks and BMI in terms of total knowledge score of dietary supplements (p = 0.245, p = 0.713, p = 0.278, p = 0.067, p = 0.466, p = 0.647, and p = 0.851, respectively). Scientific attention should be paid to the use of dietary supplements. Arbitrary approaches can lead to unwanted interactions. Therefore, in order for health and government policies to be established related to dietary supplements, it is essential to determine the factors related to their use.

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Bone health at 11-12 years, physical activity and sedentariness: a cross-sectional Australian population-based study

Bone Abstracts ◽

10.1530/boneabs.6.p172 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

William Osborn ◽

Peter Simm ◽

Tim Olds ◽

Kate Lycett ◽

Fiona Mensah ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Bone Health ◽

Population Based ◽

Australian Population ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Population Based Study

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Patient Use of Dietary Supplements, Home Monitoring, or Genetic Testing for Nonneovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases ◽

10.1177/2474126421989228 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 247412642198922

Author(s):

Brittany C. Tsou ◽

T.Y. Alvin Liu ◽

Jun Kong ◽

Susan B. Bressler ◽

J. Fernando Arevalo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Testing ◽

Macular Degeneration ◽

Dietary Supplements ◽

Home Monitoring ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Age Related Macular Degeneration ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Supplement Use ◽

Age Related ◽

Disease Study

Purpose: This work evaluated the use and type of dietary supplements and home monitoring for nonneovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), as well as the prevalence of genetic testing among patients with AMD. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted of 129 participants older than 50 years who completed self-administered questionnaires regarding usage and type of dietary supplements and home monitoring, as well as the participants’ use of genetic testing for AMD. Results: Of 91 participants with AMD, 83 (91.2%) took vitamins, including 55 (60.4%) who used an Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) or AREDS2 formulation. Of 38 without AMD, 31 (81.6%) took vitamins (difference from participants with AMD = 9.6% [95% CI, 0%-23.2%]), including 2 on an AREDS formulation. Among 82 participants with AMD who were AREDS candidates (intermediate or advanced AMD in 1 or both eyes), 51 (62.2%; 95% CI, 51.7%-72.7%) took an AREDS or AREDS2 formulation, and 31 (37.8%) did not (5 were unsure). Additionally, 50 (61.0%; 95% CI, 50.4%-71.6%) AREDS candidates did some type of home monitoring. Only 1 (1.2%; 95% CI, 0%-3.6%) underwent genetic testing for AMD. Among 9 with AMD who were not AREDS candidates, 4 (44.4%) used an AREDS formulation, 4 (44.4%) did not, and 1 (11.1%) was unsure; only 1 (11.1%) of these 9 performed home monitoring. Conclusions: Despite similar results from past surveys and AREDS2 data supporting supplement use in 2013 and home monitoring in 2014, these findings suggest about one-third of AREDS candidates do not do so, providing further support for improving education regarding appropriate supplement and home monitoring usage. Genetic testing for AMD also appears infrequent.

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Knowledge and Patterns of Dietary Supplement Use among Students Attending King Abdulaziz University in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

INQUIRY The Journal of Health Care Organization Provision and Financing ◽

10.1177/00469580211020882 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 58 ◽

pp. 004695802110208

Author(s):

Abdulraof Alqrache ◽

Mostafa Mostafa ◽

Omar Ghabrah ◽

Ziyad Ghabrah ◽

Nezar Kamal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dietary Supplements ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Herbal Products ◽

Supplement Use ◽

King Abdulaziz University ◽

Dietary Supplement Use ◽

Harmful Effects ◽

Selection Of

Oral dietary supplements (DSs) include vitamins, minerals, amino acids, energy drinks, and herbal products. The use of DSs is increasing and their manufacturers promote their benefits. Studies have validated some of these benefits, but have also indicated that some DSs can have adverse effects, especially if used without the appropriate supervision. Little information on DS use among Saudis is available. This study assessed the use of dietary supplements among male and female university students with the goal of educating the community about DSs and the dangers associated with their misuse. Online and paper validated questionnaires were administered to King Abdulaziz University (KAU) students between September 2019 and January 2020. The responses were collected and analyzed statistically. Of the 954 KAU students who completed the survey, one-third used DSs (42.9% women vs 25.7% men). Of these, 51.7% believed that DSs are essential for health, 41.7% classified them as both food and drugs, 67.2% were aware that DSs could not replace a healthy diet, and 25.8% were aware of their potentially harmful effects. Multivitamins and minerals were the most used DSs. DS awareness among KAU students is limited. Additional health education is necessary to assist students in their selection of the most suitable DSs.

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Patterns of Change in Dietary Habits and Physical Activity during Lockdown in Spain Due to the COVID-19 Pandemic

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13020300 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 300

Author(s):

Carmen Pérez-Rodrigo ◽

Marta Gianzo Citores ◽

Gotzone Hervás Bárbara ◽

Fátima Ruiz-Litago ◽

Luis Casis Sáenz ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Dietary Habits ◽

Eating Habits ◽

Health Impact ◽

Sociodemographic Factors ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Dietary Change ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Supplement Use ◽

Active Cluster

Background: Lockdown due to COVID-19 influenced food habits and lifestyles with potential negative health impact. This study aims to identify patterns of change in eating habits and physical activity during COVID-19 lockdown in Spain and to identify associations with sociodemographic factors and usual habits. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1155 adults recruited online to answer a 10-section questionnaire. The protocol assessed usual diet by means of a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire, usual physical activity (PA) and supplement use, dietary changes, sedentary time, PA, exposure to sunlight, sleep quality, and smoking during confinement. Patterns of dietary change were identified by factor analysis. Factor scores were included in cluster analysis together with change in PA. Results: Six patterns of dietary change were identified that together with PA changes during lockdown defined three clusters of lifestyle change: a cluster less active, a more active cluster, and a third cluster as active as usual. People who were usually less active were more likely to be classified in the cluster that increased physical activity in confinement. Scores of the Healthy Mediterranean-Style dietary pattern were higher in this group. Conclusions: Different patterns of change in lifestyles in confinement suggest the need to tailor support and advice to different population groups.

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Gender-specific physical activity-related injuries and risk factors among university students in China: a multicentre population-based cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2020-040865 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. e040865

Author(s):

Weicong Cai ◽

Shangmin Chen ◽

Liping Li ◽

Pengying Yue ◽

Xiaofan Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Risk Factors ◽

University Students ◽

Leisure Time ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

The Past ◽

Chinese University ◽

Gender Specific

ObjectivesData on the problem of physical activity-related injury (PARI) in university students and the risk factors for PARI among different genders are rare. We conducted a multicentre population-based study to investigate the occurrence of PARI and to explore the gender-specific risk factors for PARI among Chinese university students.DesignCross-sectional study.ParticipantsA total of 5341 students in grades 1–3 at eight universities in four Chinese cities were selected to complete the online questionnaires during March and April 2017. The questionnaires assessed sociodemographic characteristics, physical activity PA) involvement, sleep duration, sedentary behaviour and PARI experiences in the past 12 months.Main outcome measuresPARI during the past 12 months.ResultsAmong the 5341 participants, 1293 suffered from at least one PARI in the past 12 months, with an overall incidence rate of 24.2% (males: 26.2%, females: 23.2%) and an injury risk of 0.38 injuries/student/year (males: 0.48, females: 0.32). Over half of the injured (57.3%) experienced a withdrawal time of PA and nearly two-fifths (39.6%) required medical attention. Irrespective of gender, Shantou and Xi’an students, sports team members and those who engaged in sports and leisure-time vigorous-intensity PA (VPA) at a higher frequency were more likely to suffer from PARI. Male students who participated in sports and leisure-time VPA for long durations had a greater likelihood of sustaining PARI, while having a chronic condition and being involved in sports and leisure-time moderate-intensity PA at a higher frequency and longer duration were potential contributors to PARI among females.ConclusionsThe occurrence of PARI and its risk factors differed by gender, which provides a direction towards developing targeted and effective gender-specific preventative programmes to protect Chinese university students from PARI.

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